江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习情态动词的基本用法牛津版情态动词本身虽有一定的意义，但它必须和实义动词一起构成谓语动词，表示说话人的语气和情态，情态动词后接动词原形。初中学过的情态动词有can,could,may,must,need,shall,should,will,would,haveto等。1.can/could表示能力（等于beableto）或客观可能性；还可以表示请求或允许；用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中还可以表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。Can/CouldI...?表示请求对方许可（用could比用can语气更加委婉和客气，但答语必须用can）；Can/Couldyou...?用来表示说话人征求对方意见（用could比用can语气更加委婉和客气）。2.may表示许可或允许，意为“可以”。MayI...?表示征求对方许可，否定回答一般用mustn’t或can’t。3.must意为“必须、应当”，表示义务、命令或必要；在回答must引出的问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto，表示“没有必要”。4.need作情态动词时，多用于否定句或疑问句中，表示“需要”或“必要”（need用于肯定句时，常作实义动词，有人称和数的变化）。5.shall表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。6.should意为“应该”，表示义务、责任，可用于各种句式。7.will用于疑问句中，表示说话人向对方提出请求或建议；还可以用来表示做某事的意志、意愿、决心或打算。8.would表示过去的习惯性动作，有“总是、常常”的意思；还可表意愿、拒绝、请求等。9.haveto意为“不得不”，强调客观需要，能用于多种时态；而must强调说话者的主观看法，没有时态变化。【专项练习】Ⅰ.请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。()1.—Mustwecleantheclassroomnow?—No,you___________.A.mustB.needn’tC.shouldD.can’t()2.You____________becarefulwithfirewhenyouhaveapicnicintheforest.A.willB.mustC.canD.may()3.—MayIgosurfingalone,Dad?—No,you____________.Itisdangerous.A.maynotB.can’tC.needn’tD.don’t3\n()4.—ShouldIcallMaryhererightaway?—No,you____________.Sheisonthewayhere.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.maynotD.needn’t()5.—__________youmindclosingthedoor?—No,notatall.A.WouldB.CanC.MayD.Should()6.IsaidI_________doanythingforhim.A.wouldB.willC.havetoD.need()7.—It’sasecretbetweenus.Don’ttellanybodyelse.—____________.A.IdoB.Idon’tC.IwillD.Iwon’t()8.—Youmustcometothemeetingontime.—OK,I_____________.A.mustB.havetoC.willD.should()9.Attheageofseven,I____________speakalittleEnglish.A.havetoB.couldC.canD.should()10.Manyofthestars___________,becausetheyarefarawayfromus.A.maynotseeB.can’tbeseenC.mustn’tbeseenD.needn’tsee()11.—CouldIcallyoubythefirstname?—Yes,you_____________.A.willB.couldC.mightD.can()12.—MustIreturnthebooktomorrowmorning?—No,you____________.You__________keepitforthreedays.A.mustn’t;mayB.mustn’t;mustC.needn’t;canD.needn’t;must()13.—MayIgoouttoplaybasketball,Dad?—No,you__________.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.couldn’tD.needn’t()14.—Canyougoswimmingwithusthisafternoon?—Sorry.I____________lookaftermylittlesisterathome.A.canB.mayC.wouldD.haveto()15.—Wouldyouliketogofishingwithmethisafternoon?—I’dloveto,butI’mafraidI__________.Ihavetoomuchworktodo.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot()16.—Whataniceday!__________wegohiking?—Goodidea.A.ShallB.MustC.NeedD.Will()17.We__________keepthenewtrafficlawandlearnhowtoprotectourselves.A.mayB.shouldC.canD.could()18.—MustIcomeatfour?—Oh,no,you___________.A.don’tB.mustn’tC.don’thavetoD.can’t3\n()19.___________yougetmesomepaper,please?A.ShallB.MayC.NeedD.Will()20.—MayIputmybikehere?—No,you___________.You__________putitoverthere.A.maynot;mayB.needn’t;mustC.mustn’t;shouldD.won’t;shouldⅡ.请按要求完成下列各句，每空一词（含缩写）。1.Mybrothercanplaychess.（改为一般疑问句）_______________________brother_____________chess?2.Youshoulddothedishes.（改为否定句）You_______________________thedishes.3.CouldIopenthewindow?（作肯定回答）______________,_______________________.4.MayIsmokehere?（作否定回答）__________,_____________________.5.Hemustdoithimself.（改为同义句）He______________________________ithimself.6.Mysistercanrideabike.（用whenshewas10yearsold改写句子）Mysister___________________abikewhenshewas10yearsold.7.Youmustsellyourcar.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答）________________________sellmycar?Yes,you_____________./No,you_____________.8.Theboyisabletowritewithhislefthand.（改为同义句）Theboy______________________withhislefthand.参考答案情态动词的基本用法专项练习Ⅰ.1-5BBBDA6-10ADCBB11-15DCADA16-20ABCDCⅡ.1.Canyour,play2.shouldn’tdo3.Yes,youcan4.No,youcan’t/mustn’t5.hastodo6.couldride7.MustI;must;needn’t8.canwrite3
