动词不定式【课前导学】()1.Suchpeopleare______.A.respectB.torespectC.toberespectingD.toberespected()2.There’snothingtodoexcept_____tillitstopssnowing.A.towaitB.waitingC.waitD.waits()3.Iamsorry_____yousomuchtrouble.Andthanksforyourhelp.A.togiveB.tohavegivenC.givingD.gave()4.Thedoctortoldthechildren____lessand_____more.A.toeat;sleepB.eat;sleepC.eating;sleepingD.eat;tosleep()5.Theyweremade____twentyhourseveryday.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked()6.Wedidn’tknow_________.A.tostartB.whenstartC.whentostartD.whenstarting()7.Wouldyoulike_____acupofcoffee?A.tohaveB.haveC.havingD.had()8.Letme_____ifhehasdecided______it.A.toknow;todoB.toknow;doC.know;todoD.know;do()9.Shewassorryshehadgotnoknife________.A.tocutB.cuttingC.tocutitD.tocutitwith()10.Shedoesn’tlike______.A.praisedB.topraisedC.tobepraisedD.praising【课堂学习】(一)定义:动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形“,有时可以不带to.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。(二)用法:1.用作宾语(v.+todo)Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.needtodolearntodoagreetodoplantododecidetodorefusetodobegintodostarttodotrytodoforgettodoremembertodoliketodoStoptodogoontodo2.用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+todo)Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edison’smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.wantsb.todowishsb.todogetsb.todoordersb.todofindsb.tobelikesb.todo4\nwouldlikesb.todohelpsb.todo作宾语补足语不带to的情况：Letmedoit.Isawhimcrossthestreet.常见动词有：使役动词:let,make,have感官动词:see,watch,hear,feel,listento比较：Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.Iheardhersinginthenextroom3.用作状语(adverbial)：HecametoshowmehisnewCDplayer.(目的)Iwenttheretoseemyteacher.(目的)ShecamebacktogetherEnglishbook.(目的)Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.(结果)4.用作主语(这时可将其用形式主语it来替换)TobehereatChristmastimeismydream.→ItismydreamtobehereatChristmastime.5.用作表语Hisworkistofeedtheanimals.Herjobistolookafterthepatients.Mywishistobeascientist6.用作定语(这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词,介词不能省略)Givemesomethingtodrink.Ihavetwobookstoread.Theyhavemuchfoodtoeat.Heaskedforaroomtolivein.Idon’thaveapentowritewith.Theiceishardenoughtoskateon.Heboughtatoytoplaywith.7.疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how加todo可构成不定式短语,在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.(主语)Idon’tknowwhattodo.(宾语)Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook.(宾语补足语)Thequestioniswho(m)toask.(表语)(三)非谓语动词(动词不定式和动词-ing形式)中考考查重点讲解(1)promise,decide,hope,agree,choose,fail,wish,learn+todosthe.g.1.Hehaspromisedtobehavebetterlater.2.Theboydecidednottobecomeasailor.3.Ihopetogotocollege.4.Heagreedtohelpus.5.Shechosetostudychemistry.6.Hefailedtopersuadehim.7.Doyouwishtoeatalone?（2）enjoy,finish,keep,mindsuggest,can’thelp+doingsthe.g.1.他对听音乐总是兴致勃勃。4\nHealwaysenjoyslisteningtomusic.2.我打扫完房间了Ihavefinishedcleaningtheroom.3.你不能像这样老变主意。Youshouldn'tkeepchangingyourideaslikethis.4.Wouldyoumind__________withyou?5.Hesuggested________forawalk.6.Icouldn'thelp______.（3）love,hate,forget,rememberstop,like,try,mean+todosth/doingsth.1.Maryloves_______________.（read）2.Ihateto_____________________.(troublehim)3.她忘记寄这封信了。Sheforgot__________________.4.我永远忘不了初次寄信的情景。I'llneverforget_______aletterforthefirsttime.5.Iremember______heronce.=IrememberthatI____(see)heronce.6.Remember________me.=Ihopeyou’llphoneme.(4)ask,tell,get,wish,want,teach,know,understand+sb.todosth.1.Gethim_____adoctor.劝他去找医生看看。2.I'veknownhim_____veryfast.我听说他跑得比较快。3.Whatdidyouunderstandhim_____?你认为他说的是什么意思呢？(5)make,have,let,see,watch,hear,feel,notice+sb.dosthe.g.Ican'tmakethehorsego.我无法使这匹马走动。Iwon’thave(允许，容许)yousaysuchthings.我可不许你说这样的话。Mymotherwouldn'tletmegotothefilm.我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。Didyounoticehimleavethehouse?你看到他离开房间了吗？sb.+bedone+todosth.e.gHeisoftenheard______thesong.Theyweremade_______dayandnight.(6)happy,glad,pleased,angry,sorry,luckyslow,quick,careful,ready,nice+todosthe.gIamsorrytohearthat.Heiswrongtosayso.Iwasveryluckytogetacopysocheap.“我这么便宜地买到一本,真是幸运极了。(7)think,make,find,feel+it+adj./n+todosth.e.g.IfounditveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.=Ifoundthat_____veryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.Ifeelitmydutytodoso.=Ifeelthat__mydutytodo【课后拓展】1.--You’vedoneverywellthistime.--It’sreallykind______.A.foryoutosaysoB.foryousayingsoC.ofyoutosaysoD.ofyousayingso2.Itisbettertoloseone’slifethan____.A.ifyouloseyourspiritB.losinghisspirit4\nC.toloseone’sspiritD.yourspiritgettinglost3.–Ican’tworkinthisway.--Whynot____itinsomeotherway?A.trytodoB.trydoingC.tryingtodoD.tryingdoing4.Sinceyoufinditdifficult____adecision,you’dbetteradiscussion(讨论)withyourparents.A.reach;haveB.reaching;haveC.reach;havingD.toreach;have5.Myfatherhates___.Heneverallowsme_____.A.tosmoke;tosmokeB.smoking;smokingC.smoke;smokingD.smoking;tosmoke6.Thegirlwasbeginning___.A.getangryB.togetangryC.gettingangryD.angry7.Thereisn’tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow________.A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.whattochooseD.tochoosewhich8.Thebagistooheavyforme_______.A.tocarryitB.nottocarryitC.tocarryD.nottocarry9.Theteacherwillteachhim_______.A.touseB.useitC.howtouseitD.uses10.-Doyouremember___mesomewhereinHangzhou?-Yes.Ithinkthat’s2yearsago.A.seeB.seeingC.toseeD.saw找出句子中的不定式,并说出作用：1.Ittakesyoutenminutestogetthere.2.Ihopetoseehimsoon.3.Hiswishistobecomeanartist.4.Peopleeattolive,butnotlivetoeat.5.Ihavealottotellyou.6.It’snotrighttobealwaysthinkingofoneself.7.Weoftenseehimplayfootball.4
