对方向刷高分2022|短文改错与语法填空特辑（四）Mymomisreallyconcerningwiththehealthofeveryoneinourfamilies.Inordertoconcernedfamilymakesurelyallofusareingoodhealth,andshemakesspecificplansforus.Forsureexample,everymorning,mydadhastohavethebowlofeggsoupwhileIhadtoeatanahaveapple.Mydaddon’tlikethesoupandIdon’tenjoyapples.Itellmymomthatifwe’redoesn’tforcedeatthings,wemaybecomeill.toButheinsistsonuseatinghealthyfood.Understandinghergoodintentions,IeatallshethefoodwhatisprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.that∧短文改错|2020全国IIIThankyouforyourletter,whatreallymademehappy.I’mgladtoknowthatyou’vewhatcomeChinatolearnkungfuinaschoolinmyhometown.I’msurelyyou’llhaveatosuregoodtime.Actually,IstarttolearnkungfuwhenIwassevenyearsold,forIhavelongstartedbut/yetbeenoutofpractice.Luckily,Iwillgohomeintwoweeksforsummervacations.ThenvacationIcansparesometimetolearnitagain,suchthatwecanpracticetogetheroneveryday.【抽时间做某事】soBestofluckwithyourslearningkungfuinChina.Seeyousooner.your/yousoon动名词的逻辑主语可以使用形容词性的物主代词/主格/宾格Wouldyoumindme/myopeningthedoor?∧短文改错|2020全国IITodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,simplefriedandIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.Mymomtoldmehowtopreparingit.FirstIpreparecutthetomatoesintopiecesbutputthemaside.NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandandbeatthemquicklywithchopstick.AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnedoffthechopsticksonstove，Iwaitedpatientlyunlesstheoilwashot.ThenIputthetomatoesandtheuntil/tillbeateneggsintopantogether.＂Notthatway，＂mymomtriedtostopusbutfailed.themeShewasright.Itdidn’tturnoutasIhadwished.∧短文改错|2020全国ITherehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.【身体的】Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.【强烈的欲望，迫切要求；推动力】Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70isnotgoodforthehealth.语法填空|2017全国一答案答案61.as|asamethodof…作为一种手段62.effects63.toprocess|requiresbtodos.th=berequiredtodos.th64.areremoved|乐器；器械；65.a|asaresult/asaconsequence66.worse|evenworse/what’sworse|bad/ill-worse-worst67.is68.eating69.careful70.whichIn1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__61__(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand___62__work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____63___(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover___64___top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines_65_(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen___66__(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing___67__everyday.Later,engineers____68___(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost___70___(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.语法填空|2017全国二答案答案61.crowds62.from|toandfrom63.laying|lay-laid-laid-laying|lie-lay-lain-lying|lie-lied-lied-lying|die-died-died-dying|dye-dyed-dyed-dyeing64.the65.wereused66.fairly|fairly/rather/reasonably/quite/pretty67.it68.managed69.introduction70.successful|oneof+最高级+名词复数Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtothechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61(rest).Instead,sheisearning£6500adayas62modelinNewYork.Sarah63(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,64hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66(educate).【智力】Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree68engineeringorarchitecture.【过一年的假期】Sarahsays,＂MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school69(come)first.Idon’twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis70(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon’twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan’tmodelanymore.＂答案答案61.resting|spendsometimedoings.th62.a63.wastold/hasbeentold64.who65.toprove66.education67.invitations68.in|getadegreeins.th69.comes70.certainly语法填空|2017全国三LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmall56(carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway.Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda57(shine)object.Yes,therebeneaththeleafytopofonetinycarrotwasherlong-lostweddingring.Pahlssonscreamed58loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.“shethoughtIhadhurt59(I),”saysPahlssonSixteenyears60(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring61(cook)ameal.Whenshewantedtoputtheringbackonlater,itwasgone.Shesuspectedthatoneofherthreedaughters-thenten.eight,andsix-hadpickeditup,butthegirlssaidtheyhadn't.Pahlssonandherhusband62(seareh)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner.butturnedupnothing.“Igaveuphopeoffindingmyringagain,"shesays.Sheneverreplacedit.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot63(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,64itremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生长)throughit.ForPahlsson,itsreturnwas65wonder.答案答案56.carrots57.shining/shiny|shine-shone-shone【发光，发亮】|shine-shined-shined【擦亮，擦光】58.so|so…that结构59.myself|介词宾语与主语相同，介词宾语用反身代词，但在表位置的一些介词之后常用代词宾格代替自身代词，如：Ilookedaboutme.我坏顾四周|Heclosedthedoorafterhim.他随手关上了门。Hefelthisthroneshakealittlebeneathhim.他感到他下面的宝座微微额动。介词with表“随身”时其后也常用代词宾格，如：Themotherdrewthechildrentowardsher.母亲将孩子们拉向身边Hehadnomoneywithhim.他没有带钱60.earlier|3daysearlier/later|earlieron【以前；更早些时候】/lateron61.to|【目的状语】62.searched|观察并列谓语searched…butturnedupnothing.63.swept|besweptinto64.where65.a语法填空|2017浙江卷分类示例以－le结尾的形容词，变－le为－lypossible→possibly，terrible→terribly，comfortable→comfortably，gentle→gently，simple→simply等以－y结尾的形容词，变－y为－ilyeasy→easily，angry→angrily，noisy→noisily，happy→happily，heavy→heavily，healthy→healthily等常考且容易拼错的副词excitedly，rudely，truly，healthily，politely，widely，nicely，closely，surprisingly，increasingly，disappointedly，fortunately，hurriedly等1．形容词变副词的后缀常考构词法后缀示例－ageshortadj.短缺的→shortagen．不足；短缺－cyfluentadj.流利的→fluencyn．流利；流畅－domwiseadj.聪明的→wisdomn．明智；智慧－encedifferent adj.不同的→difference n．差异－nessweakadj.虚弱的→weaknessn．虚弱；弱点－thstrong adj.强壮的→strength n．力气，优势－ydifficult adj.困难的→difficulty n．困难－tysafe adj.安全的→safety n．安全－ityresponsible adj.负责的→responsibility n．责任2.形容词变名词的后缀常考构词法后缀示例－alapprove v．赞成，批准→approval n．赞成，批准－anceappearvi.出现→appearancen．出现；外貌－ionattract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引－mentachievevt.达到，完成→achievementn．功绩；成就－yrecoverv．恢复→recoveryn．恢复；痊愈3.动词变名词的后缀：常见的动词变名词的后缀有－al，－ance，－ence，－ion，－tion，－ation，－(ss)ion，－ing，－ment，－ure，－ture，－y等。常考构词法后缀示例－ableaccept vt.接受→acceptable adj.可接受的－edconfuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.感到困惑的－ingconvince vt.说服，使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的－fulforget vt.忘记→forgetful adj.健忘的－alnature n．自然→natural adj.自然的－ibleaccess n．进入，使用权，通路→accessible adj.容易取得的－ouscaution n．谨慎→cautious adj.谨慎的4.动词、名词变形容词的后缀：常见的动词、名词变形容词的后缀有－able，－al，－ful，－ed，－ing，－ible，－ive，－ous，－some，－y，－ern，－ish等。常考构词法前缀示例dis－advantage n．优势→disadvantage n．缺点il－legal adj.合法的→illegal adj.不合法的in－convenient adj.方便的→inconvenient adj.不方便的ir－regular adj.有规律的→irregular adj.无规律的mis－lead vt.引导→mislead vt.误导un－willing adj.乐意的→unwilling adj.不乐意的5.表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀：常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀有dis－，il－，im－，in－，ir－，mis－，un－，－less等。常考构词法前、后缀示例en－able adj.有能力的→enable vt.使能够－ensharp adj.尖的→sharpen vt.使尖锐－ifysimple adj.简单的→simplify vt.简化－izeapology n．道歉→apologize v．道歉6.变动词的前缀和后缀常考构词法MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,butwheretherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.SomepeopleevenhadtowaitoutsideMyuncletellsmethatthekeytohishaveSuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilhonestyandareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortusedofaperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.hissteadily注意：time当时间可以可数：明显的例证：departuretimes∧短文改错|2016全国一Thesummerholidayiscoming.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtodowhatduringtheholiday.Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.Ifwestaychoosetakingathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.Butinthatcase,weandwilllearnlittleaboutworld.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourviewtheourandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoknowledge或shouldplacesofinterestnearby.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwethinkmuchcanstilllearnalot.∧短文改错|2016全国二Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.Theywerealsotheyearsbestandworseyearsinmylife.Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldworstmakedecisionsbyyourself.However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinksuch.Theymyselfsoalwaystellmewhattodoandhowtodoit.Atonetime,Ievenfeltmyparentstoldcouldn’tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.IshowedthemIwasfreeindependentbywearstrangeclothes.NowIamleavinghometocollege.Atlast,Iwillwearingforbeonmyown,butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp.I注意：atonetime【从前；有一次】/atatime【一次】∧短文改错|2016全国三ItisMother’sDaytoday.Thoughit’sawesternfestival,it’spopularinChinanow.Momhasafull-timejob,soshehastodomostofthehouseworks.Sheisagreatbuthouseworkmother.BothDadorIplannedtodosomethingonMother’sDay.Wegetupearlyinandgotthemorning.Dadcleanedthehouse,andthenwentonshopping.Whenhecameback,Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand.IaskedMomtostayinthesittingroomandIhiscookedinkitchen.ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom’sfavoritiest.Atdinner,wesaidthethat/which/去掉whatfavoritetoher,"HappyMother’sDay!”Momwasgratefulandmoving.moved∧短文改错|2016四川卷Chinahassuccessfullyputanotherprobe(探测器)ontheMoon.ItsroboticChang'e-5missiontoucheddown__61__theaimofcollectingsamplesofrockanddusttobringbacktoEarth.Thelanderisexpected62_(spend)thenextcoupleofdaysexaminingitssurroundings_63_gatheringupsurfacematerials.Ithasanumberof__64__(instrument)tofacilitatethis,includingacamera,radarandadrill.Theintentionistopackageabout2kgof"soil"tosenduptoanorbitingvehiclethatcanthentransportthesamplestoEarth.Alongtime__65__(pass)sincethiswasachievedbytheSovietLuna24mission.TheUSspaceagencycongratulatedChina.NASA'stopscienceofficialDrThomasZurbuchen,saidhehopedtheinternationalresearchcommunitywouldeventuallygetthechancetoanalyseanysamples__66___(send)home.Chang'e-5'successfollowsChina'stwopreviousMoonlandings---Chang'e-3in2013andChang'e-4in2019.__67__oftheseearliermissionsprovedChina'sadvancesinspacetechnology."Chang'e-5isfar__68__(complex)thanChang'e-3andChang'e-4,commentedDrJamesCarpenterattheEuropeanSpaceAgency."Ithinkit's__69__(extreme)impressive.And___70___Ithinkisfascinatingisthisverysystematicandstep-by-stepapproachtoincreasingtheirexplorationcapabilities."语法填空|2020全国一答案答案1.with|withthe/intention/purpose/hopeof…怀着…目的2.tospend|beexpectedto/beprojectedto预期会…3.and|spendsometime（in）doingsth并列了两个doingsth4.intruments|乐器；器械；5.haspassed|现在完成时标志：for+时间段/since+过去式|lately,recently,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,bynow|in/over/duringthepast/lastyears/days…|throughouthistory6.sent|过去分词做后置定语7.Both|注意开头大写指Chang'e-3in2013andChang'e-4in20198.morecomplex|用在形容词比较级前面的副词far/even/much/still/9.extremely10.what|whatIthinkisfascinating…Ithink是插入语；whatisfascinatingis…DecoratingwithPlants,FruitsandFlowersforChineseNewYearChineseNewYearisa61(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers62(carry)specialsignificance.Theyrepresenttheearth63(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.Thesearesomeofthemostpopularinmanypartsofthecountry:Oranges:Orangetreesaremore64decoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes65(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.【干扰成分后移或删除】Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffices.66(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsareassociated67health,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy68(care)forandmakegreatpresents.BranchesofPlumBlossoms(梅花):The69(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.Theplumtreesare70firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.语法填空|2020全国二答案答案1.celebration|2.carries|3.coming|represent后接名词或动名词【代表着；体现了】近义词：symbolize4.than|morethan不仅5.decorated|6.Certainly|注意这里的句号；句子开头应该大写。7.with|beassociatedwithtocare|Theairishardtobreathe.【不定式与句子主语之间存在动宾关系】beautiful10.the|注意下面考试中常考结构：Itis(thefirst)time(forsb)todosthItis/wasthefirsttimethatsbhave/haddoneItis(high/very)timethatsbdid/sbshoulddo该做…时间到InancientChinalivedanartist,61paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(画像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir62(fine)work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould63(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver——perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.Filledwith64(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.65heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledand66(point)downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout67(find)thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,68(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds69(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartist70earth,MotherNature.【伤心落泪】语法填空|2020全国三答案答案1.whose|非限制性定语从句2.finest|3.bechosen|4.curiosity|需注意的名词：annoyance/generosity/accuracy/wisdom/strength/approval/existence/appearance/achievement/argument/responsibility/honesty5.When/As|6.pointed|并列成分的对等性。7.tofind|目的状语gently|常考易错副词：excitedly，rudely，truly，healthily，politely，widely，、nicely，closely，surprisingly，increasingly，disappointedly，fortunatelyhurriedlysurrounding【分词做后置定语，亦要分析分词与所修饰的名词的主被动关系】10.on|thegreatestartist,Mothernature同位语关系Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,__1__(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig__2__untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,__3__(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum___4__openedin1759.Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic__5__(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum'scollection_6__(be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimagine__7__(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor___8___(walk)througharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity'sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical___9___(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete__10__people'ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.语法填空|2020新课标答案答案1.wealthy2.or|并列成分3.formed|forexample干扰成分，可去掉或提到前面4.which/that5.arecalled|注意注意核心词6.is|不可数7.themselves|主语与宾语同指一个对象时，宾语要用反身代词。walking|imagine（sb)doings.th并列成分的对等性。accuracy|需注意的名词：annoyance/generosity/curiosity/wisdom/strength/approval/existence/appearance/achievement/argument/responsibility/honestyfor|competefor【为…竞争】WhenIwasaveryyoungchildren,myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberchildwellyearslate.Everytimehearrivedhomeatendoftheday,we'dgreetheratthelaterthehimdoor.Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknowingus,Thenheandmywereknowmotherwouldhavehadadrinkwhilesheprepareddinnerandtheywouldtalkabouthisdayandhers.Whiletheychat,myfatherwouldliftmysisterandmeuptositinthechattedontopofthefridge.Itwasbothexcitedandfrighteningtobeupthere！exciting注意：would表示过去常常做某事。∧短文改错|2016浙江卷Mysoccercoachretiredinlastweek.Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathissomethingretirementparty.Mymummakesthebetterbiscuitsintheworld,soIdecidetoaskbestdecidedherforhelp.Mumtaughtmesomebasicstepofbaking.Iinsistedondoingmostofthestepsbakingmyself.Ithoughtthebiscuitswerereallywell.MyonlymistakewasthatIgooddroppedsomeonthefloorafterIwaspackingthemup.when/whileAtaparty,mycoach,withabiscuitinhismouth,askedsurprisinglywhomadethemtheandjoked,“Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjustgetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.”toMyfavoritepictureatthepartyisofmycoachandmeenjoythebiscuitswithhappyenjoyinglaughter!∧短文改错|2015陕西卷Hi,Janice,It'sbeenamonthsinceIcametothisnewschoolandIreallywantsharewithyoutosomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.AsItellyoulasttime,Imadethreetoldnewfriendhere.Wehangouttogetherduringlunchandafterschool.We'vebeenfriendsspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars.It'sbeenthreeSaturdaysnowanditreallysingingcostsmemany.AndIstartedtoseethisasatime-wastingactivity!Infact,Idon’tlikemuchtogoanymore,soI’mafraidI’lllosetheirfriendship.HowdoyouthinkIshoulddo?butWhatIfyouareme,wouldyoutalktohim?werethemPleasehelpwithmeandgivemesomeadvice.Grace∧短文改错|2015四川卷Sometimeafter10，000BC，peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived___56___，throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears，theybegantodependlesson___57___couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild，andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.【sow-sowed-sown】Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson___58___huntingandgathering，sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildrenAnd，asmorechildrenwereborn，morefood___59___(need).Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology___60___(change)lives.Byabout6000BC，people___61___(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later，theylearnedtoworkwiththe___62___(season)，plantingattherighttimeand，indryareas，___63___(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then，with___64___riseofscience，changesbegan.Newmethods_____65_____(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.Inthelastcenturyorso，thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化肥)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.语法填空|2020浙江卷答案答案56.in57.what|名词性从句58.than|forexample干扰成分，可去掉或提到前面59.wasneeded60.tochange|目的状语61.haddiscovered|过去完成时seasonsmaking|并列成分的对等性。themeantThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence___61___theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen___62___(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modernmethods___63___trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive___64___(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut___65___(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa___66___(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby___67___(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare___68___(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of___69___nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six____70____(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.语法填空|2019全国I卷答案答案61.that|同位语从句62.poorly63.of/for64.toperform65.havereported|现在完成时标志：inrecentyears/days|for+时间段/since+过去式|lately,recently,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,bynow|in/over/duringthepast/lastyears/days…|throughouthistory66.belief|同位语从句先行词noting|指出；特别强调。higherthe|threeofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulationsare|这里不是数词做主语。A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for___61___(be)Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___62___sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave___63___(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene___64___(declare)shehadnoplans___65___(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid,“Idon’tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI___66___(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,___67___becauseIwantto.”【通过初审】GranddaughterGayleParks,31—whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness—saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,“Wedon’thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall___68___(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas___69___joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It’s____70____(wonder).”语法填空|2019全国II卷答案答案61.being|62.which|非限制性定语从句63.finally|finally/eventually/ultimately|nominate/name64.declared65.toretire66.havemade|现在完成时标志：inrecentyears/days|for+时间段/since+过去式|lately,recently,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,bynow|in/over/duringthepast/lastyears/days…|throughouthistory|overtheyearsbutsaying|acallsaying…=acallwhichsays…awonderful|blowsbaway【(一般是好事）使某人大吃一惊】Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining___61___hardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake___62___(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack___63___dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters___64___hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand___65___(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Forbreakfast,wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.【赛事】Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting___66___(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany___67___(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere__68__(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we___69___(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,____70____(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.语法填空|2019全国III卷答案答案61.so|so…that结构62.toget|Ittakessbsometimetodos.th63.of|apackof=aherdof(animals)/aflockof(birds)/acrowdof(people)64.Who|定语从句65.recommended|并列谓语66.competitiontraditionalhugelywereinvitedlistening|现在分词结果状语；表示意料中的结果；onlyto…表示意料之外的结果。Myoldclassroomwasinterestingbecausethreesideoftheclassroomweremadesidesfromglass.Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.Ontheleft-handofsittingsideoftheclass,Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.Inthemornings,itwasfullofeasilystudentsexercising.Theviewfromthebackoftheclassroomisalsosplendid.Closetowastheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.Fartherintheitdistance,Icouldnotenjoytheviewofsnowymountains.Ontherightsideoftheclasswastheroad.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.TheapositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.IfIwasonlyfeelAlthough/ThoughachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.∧短文改错|2015浙江卷Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded.parentsTonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintointheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehislooking或thatparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimdryingandbegantellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momtoldthehissaid,"Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedterriblyherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.∧短文改错|2015全国II卷WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIthoughtamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthetheandmountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,thewithenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtierseriousairanddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.WemustfoundwaystoprotectyourManyfindourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we’lllivetoregretit.∧短文改错|2015全国I卷Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears1(long)thannon-runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong2(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof3(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit4(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife5walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin20146showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall7(cause).Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise…it'sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto8(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit'salways9(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive10atry.语法填空|2018全国卷I答案答案1.longer2.tosee|【目的状语】3.dying|reducetherisk/cost/impact…ofdoings.th4.is|review【评论；评论文章】5.than6.thatwhich|mere/only|merely/only/purely/solely7.causes|deaths/deathtoll/fatality/mortality8.strengthen9.energetic10.itrunning|giveitatry/giveitago/giveitashot/haveacrackats.thDietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry1（grow）morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover2past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis3(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice4(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater5riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased6(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal7(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment8(start)asoil-testingprogram9givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China‘sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile10(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.【难句分析】答案答案hasgrown|现在完成时标志：inrecentyears/days|for+时间段/since+过去式|lately,recently,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,bynow|in/over/duringthepast/lastyears/days…|throughouthistory2.the3.actually4.toimprove|【目的状语】|runoff【径流量；决赛；溢出；泻出】5.than6.pollution|accountfor/makeup/represent【占…比重】7.global8.started破折号：表示说明与被说明，解释与被解释的关系。9.that/which10.feeding语法填空|2018全国卷III'mnotsure1ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩）thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I'mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat2topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe3(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid4(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel5(challenge).MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma6(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching7thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI'dbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind8(they)alive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal9(mean)menorealharm.Hewasjustsaying:"I'mkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!"Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme10(stay)andwatch.答案答案1.who|outofnowhere|inthemiddleofnowhere2.the|atthetopofone’svoice/lings【用尽量大的声音】3.loudest|chargetowardsb/s.th/dashfors.th/makefors.th【对…有利】4.looking|duck/lowerone’shead5.challenged|feel/taste/smell/look/sound【系动词】6.scientist7.for8.them9.meant10.tostay|allowsbtodos.th语法填空|2018全国卷IIIFewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese___1___(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners___2___cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap___3___canbetoeatout.Istillremember___4___(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI___5___(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto___6___(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it’snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe___7___(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven___8___(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein___9___(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome___10___dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.答案答案1.dishes2.who/that3.it4.visiting|rememberdoings.th|regretdoings.th|forgetdoings.th5.wasshocked6.havebecome|inrecentyears/days|for+时间段/since+过去式|lately,recently,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,bynow|in/over/duringthepast/lastyears/days…|throughouthistory7.affordable8.higher|even/much/far/still/alittle/abit/alittlebit9.weight10.for【表目的】语法填空|2018浙江卷
