2022|短文改错与语法填空特辑（一）对方向刷高分MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,butwheretherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.SomepeopleevenhadtowaitoutsideMyuncletellsmethatthekeytohishaveSuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilhonestyandareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortusedofaperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.hissteadily注意：time当时间可以可数：明显的例证：departuretimes∧短文改错|2016全国一Thesummerholidayiscoming.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtodowhatduringtheholiday.Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.Ifwestaychoosetakingathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.Butinthatcase,weandwilllearnlittleaboutworld.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourviewtheourandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoknowledge或shouldplacesofinterestnearby.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwethinkmuchcanstilllearnalot.∧短文改错|2016全国二Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.Theywerealsotheyearsbestandworseyearsinmylife.Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldworstmakedecisionsbyyourself.However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinksuch.Theymyselfsoalwaystellmewhattodoandhowtodoit.Atonetime,Ievenfeltmyparentstoldcouldn’tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.IshowedthemIwasfreeindependentbywearstrangeclothes.NowIamleavinghometocollege.Atlast,Iwillwearingforbeonmyown,butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp.I注意：atonetime【从前；有一次】/atatime【一次】∧短文改错|2016全国三Chinahassuccessfullyputanotherprobe(探测器)ontheMoon.ItsroboticChang'e-5missiontoucheddown__61__theaimofcollectingsamplesofrockanddusttobringbacktoEarth.Thelanderisexpected62_(spend)thenextcoupleofdaysexaminingitssurroundings_63_gatheringupsurfacematerials.Ithasanumberof__64__(instrument)tofacilitatethis,includingacamera,radarandadrill.Theintentionistopackageabout2kgof"soil"tosenduptoanorbitingvehiclethatcanthentransportthesamplestoEarth.Alongtime__65__(pass)sincethiswasachievedbytheSovietLuna24mission.TheUSspaceagencycongratulatedChina.NASA'stopscienceofficialDrThomasZurbuchen,saidhehopedtheinternationalresearchcommunitywouldeventuallygetthechancetoanalyseanysamples__66___(send)home.Chang'e-5'successfollowsChina'stwopreviousMoonlandings---Chang'e-3in2013andChang'e-4in2019.__67__oftheseearliermissionsprovedChina'sadvancesinspacetechnology."Chang'e-5isfar__68__(complex)thanChang'e-3andChang'e-4,commentedDrJamesCarpenterattheEuropeanSpaceAgency."Ithinkit's__69__(extreme)impressive.And___70___Ithinkisfascinatingisthisverysystematicandstep-by-stepapproachtoincreasingtheirexplorationcapabilities."语法填空|2020全国一答案答案1.with|withthe/intention/purpose/hopeof…怀着…目的2.tospend|beexpectedto/beprojectedto预期会…3.and|spendsometime（in）doingsth并列了两个doingsth4.intruments|乐器；器械；5.haspassed|现在完成时标志：for+时间段/since+过去式|lately,recently,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,bynow|in/over/duringthepast/lastyears/days…|throughouthistory6.sent|过去分词做后置定语7.Both|注意开头大写指Chang'e-3in2013andChang'e-4in20198.morecomplex|用在形容词比较级前面的副词far/even/much/still/9.extremely10.what|whatIthinkisfascinating…Ithink是插入语；whatisfascinatingis…DecoratingwithPlants,FruitsandFlowersforChineseNewYearChineseNewYearisa61(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers62(carry)specialsignificance.Theyrepresenttheearth63(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.Thesearesomeofthemostpopularinmanypartsofthecountry:Oranges:Orangetreesaremore64decoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes65(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.【干扰成分后移或删除】Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffices.66(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsareassociated67health,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy68(care)forandmakegreatpresents.BranchesofPlumBlossoms(梅花):The69(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.Theplumtreesare70firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.语法填空|2020全国二答案答案1.celebration|2.carries|3.coming|represent后接名词或动名词【代表着；体现了】近义词：symbolize4.than|morethan不仅5.decorated|6.Certainly|注意这里的句号；句子开头应该大写。7.with|beassociatedwithtocare|Theairishardtobreathe.【不定式与句子主语之间存在动宾关系】beautiful10.the|注意下面考试中常考结构：Itis(thefirst)time(forsb)todosthItis/wasthefirsttimethatsbhave/haddoneItis(high/very)timethatsbdid/sbshoulddo该做…时间到InancientChinalivedanartist,61paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(画像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir62(fine)work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould63(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver——perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.Filledwith64(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.65heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledand66(point)downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout67(find)thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,68(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds69(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartist70earth,MotherNature.【伤心落泪】语法填空|2020全国三答案答案1.whose|非限制性定语从句2.finest|3.bechosen|4.curiosity|需注意的名词：annoyance/generosity/accuracy/wisdom/strength/approval/existence/appearance/achievement/argument/responsibility/honesty5.When/As|6.pointed|并列成分的对等性。7.tofind|目的状语gently|常考易错副词：excitedly，rudely，truly，healthily，politely，widely，、nicely，closely，surprisingly，increasingly，disappointedly，fortunatelyhurriedlysurrounding【分词做后置定语，亦要分析分词与所修饰的名词的主被动关系】10.on|thegreatestartist,Mothernature同位语关系Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,__1__(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig__2__untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,__3__(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum___4__openedin1759.Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic__5__(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum'scollection_6__(be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimagine__7__(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor___8___(walk)througharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity'sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical___9___(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete__10__people'ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.语法填空|2020新课标答案答案1.wealthy2.or|并列成分3.formed|forexample干扰成分，可去掉或提到前面4.which/that5.arecalled|注意注意核心词6.is|不可数7.themselves|主语与宾语同指一个对象时，宾语要用反身代词。walking|imagine（sb)doings.th并列成分的对等性。accuracy|需注意的名词：annoyance/generosity/curiosity/wisdom/strength/approval/existence/appearance/achievement/argument/responsibility/honestyfor|competefor【为…竞争】ItisMother’sDaytoday.Thoughit’sawesternfestival,it’spopularinChinanow.Momhasafull-timejob,soshehastodomostofthehouseworks.Sheisagreatbuthouseworkmother.BothDadorIplannedtodosomethingonMother’sDay.Wegetupearlyinandgotthemorning.Dadcleanedthehouse,andthenwentonshopping.Whenhecameback,Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand.IaskedMomtostayinthesittingroomandIhiscookedinkitchen.ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom’sfavoritiest.Atdinner,wesaidthethat/which/去掉whatfavoritetoher,"HappyMother’sDay!”Momwasgratefulandmoving.moved∧短文改错|2016四川卷WhenIwasaveryyoungchildren,myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberchildwellyearslate.Everytimehearrivedhomeatendoftheday,we'dgreetheratthelaterthehimdoor.Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknowingus,Thenheandmywereknowmotherwouldhavehadadrinkwhilesheprepareddinnerandtheywouldtalkabouthisdayandhers.Whiletheychat,myfatherwouldliftmysisterandmeuptositinthechattedontopofthefridge.Itwasbothexcitedandfrighteningtobeupthere！exciting∧短文改错|2016浙江卷Mysoccercoachretiredinlastweek.Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathissomethingretirementparty.Mymummakesthebetterbiscuitsintheworld,soIdecidetoaskbestdecidedherforhelp.Mumtaughtmesomebasicstepofbaking.Iinsistedondoingmostofthestepsbakingmyself.Ithoughtthebiscuitswerereallywell.MyonlymistakewasthatIgooddroppedsomeonthefloorafterIwaspackingthemup.when/whileAtaparty,mycoach,withabiscuitinhismouth,askedsurprisinglywhomadethemtheandjoked,“Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjustgetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.”toMyfavoritepictureatthepartyisofmycoachandmeenjoythebiscuitswithhappyenjoyinglaughter!∧短文改错|2015陕西卷Hi,Janice,It'sbeenamonthsinceIcametothisnewschoolandIreallywantsharewithyoutosomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.AsItellyoulasttime,Imadethreetoldnewfriendhere.Wehangouttogetherduringlunchandafterschool.We'vebeenfriendsspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars.It'sbeenthreeSaturdaysnowanditreallysingingcostsmemany.AndIstartedtoseethisasatime—wastingactivity!Infact,Idon’tlikemuchtogoanymore,soI’mafraidI’lllosetheirfriendship.HowdoyouthinkIshoulddo?butWhatIfyouareme,wouldyoutalktohim?werethemPleasehelpwithmeandgivemesomeadvice.Grace∧短文改错|2015四川卷Myoldclassroomwasinterestingbecausethreesideoftheclassroomweremadesidesfromglass.Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.Ontheleft-handofsittingsideoftheclass,Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.Inthemornings,itwasfullofeasilystudentsexercising.Theviewfromthebackoftheclassroomisalsosplendid.Closetowastheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.Fartherintheitdistance,Icouldnotenjoytheviewofsnowymountains.Ontherightsideoftheclasswastheroad.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.TheapositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.IfIwasonlyfeelAlthough/ThoughachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.∧短文改错|2015浙江卷Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded.parentsTonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintointheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehislooking或thatparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimdryingandbegantellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momtoldthehissaid,"Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedterriblyherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.∧短文改错|2015全国II卷WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIthoughtamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthetheandmountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,thewithenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtierseriousairanddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.WemustfoundwaystoprotectyourManyfindourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we’lllivetoregretit.∧短文改错|2015全国I卷分类示例以－le结尾的形容词，变－le为－lypossible→possibly，terrible→terribly，comfortable→comfortably，gentle→gently，simple→simply等以－y结尾的形容词，变－y为－ilyeasy→easily，angry→angrily，noisy→noisily，happy→happily，heavy→heavily，healthy→healthily等常考且容易拼错的副词excitedly，rudely，truly，healthily，politely，widely，nicely，closely，surprisingly，increasingly，disappointedly，fortunately，hurriedly等1．形容词变副词的后缀常考构词法后缀示例－ageshortadj.短缺的→shortagen．不足；短缺－cyfluentadj.流利的→fluencyn．流利；流畅－domwiseadj.聪明的→wisdomn．明智；智慧－encedifferent adj.不同的→difference n．差异－nessweakadj.虚弱的→weaknessn．虚弱；弱点－thstrong adj.强壮的→strength n．力气，优势－ydifficult adj.困难的→difficulty n．困难－tysafe adj.安全的→safety n．安全－ityresponsible adj.负责的→responsibility n．责任2.形容词变名词的后缀常考构词法后缀示例－alapprove v．赞成，批准→approval n．赞成，批准－anceappearvi.出现→appearancen．出现；外貌－ionattract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引－mentachievevt.达到，完成→achievementn．功绩；成就－yrecoverv．恢复→recoveryn．恢复；痊愈3.动词变名词的后缀：常见的动词变名词的后缀有－al，－ance，－ence，－ion，－tion，－ation，－(ss)ion，－ing，－ment，－ure，－ture，－y等。常考构词法后缀示例－ableaccept vt.接受→acceptable adj.可接受的－edconfuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.感到困惑的－ingconvince vt.说服，使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的－fulforget vt.忘记→forgetful adj.健忘的－alnature n．自然→natural adj.自然的－ibleaccess n．进入，使用权，通路→accessible adj.容易取得的－ouscaution n．谨慎→cautious adj.谨慎的4.动词、名词变形容词的后缀：常见的动词、名词变形容词的后缀有－able，－al，－ful，－ed，－ing，－ible，－ive，－ous，－some，－y，－ern，－ish等。常考构词法前缀示例dis－advantage n．优势→disadvantage n．缺点il－legal adj.合法的→illegal adj.不合法的in－convenient adj.方便的→inconvenient adj.不方便的ir－regular adj.有规律的→irregular adj.无规律的mis－lead vt.引导→mislead vt.误导un－willing adj.乐意的→unwilling adj.不乐意的5.表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀：常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀有dis－，il－，im－，in－，ir－，mis－，un－，－less等。常考构词法前、后缀示例en－able adj.有能力的→enable vt.使能够－ensharp adj.尖的→sharpen vt.使尖锐－ifysimple adj.简单的→simplify vt.简化－izeapology n．道歉→apologize v．道歉6.变动词的前缀和后缀常考构词法
