增分强化练(四) 阅读理解×2＋语法填空＋短文改错＋书面表达(限时60分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AEvenifyoudon'tknowmuchaboutRussianauthorMaximGorky(1868－1936),youmaybefamiliarwithhisfamouspoemTheSongoftheStormyPetrelsinceitsendingnote“Letitbreakinallitsfury！”hasbeenencouraginggenerationsofpeopleforyearsnow.Gorkywasahighlyinfluentialauthor.Morethananyotherwriter,helaidthefoundationsforthefamousliterarystyleknownassocialistrealism.Inthiskindofwriting,theauthorusesliterarytechniquestocreatetheimpressionofrealityinhisorherwritings.March16markedthe152thanniversaryofGorky'sbirth.Hewasbornintoanordinarylifebutsoonbecameanorphan,beforebeingraisedbyhisgrandmotherinpoverty.Ashegrewolder,hewouldtakeajobandthenquicklymoveontoanother.Hetriedmanyjobs,buttheonethatheseemedtolovethemostwasbeingajournalist.Itwasinthisjobthathegainedaparticularimpressionoftheworld—thatitwashorriblyinequitableinitstreatmentofthepoor.Itwasaworld,therefore,thathadtogo.GorkywasnaturallyattractedtothepoliticalmovementofMarxiansocialdemocracy.Heknewmanyrevolutionariesincludingthemostimportantoneofall,VladimirLenin(1870－1924)．Thetwobecamefriendsin1903andTheSongoftheStormyPetrelwasoneofLenin'sfavoriteworksbyGorky.Asawriter,Gorkynaturallyvaluedliterature.Buthealsovaluedlifeexperience,ofwhichhehadplenty.Thekeytobeingamodernperson,hethought,wastoacquireacriticalattitude:“Keepreadingbooks,butrememberthatabook'sonlyabook,andyoushouldlearntothinkforyourself，”heoncesaid.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位极具影响力的前苏联作家高尔基。文章介绍了他的人生经历和他对文学的影响。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutGorky'schildhood?A．Helivedanextraordinarylife.B．Hetriedfewjobs.C．Heledahardlife.D．Hegrewupbyhimself.\n解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Hewasbornintoanordinarylifebutsoonbecameanorphan,beforebeingraisedbyhisgrandmotherinpoverty.(他出生在一个平凡的家庭，但很快就成了孤儿，由贫困的祖母抚养长大)”可知，高尔基的童年过着艰苦的生活。故选C。答案：C2．WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinequitableinParagraph5referto?A．Unconditional. B．Unfair.C．Unreal.D．Unfriendly.解析：词义猜测题。根据下文“initstreatmentofthepoor.Itwasaworld,therefore,thathadtogo.”可知，Gorky认为这是一个必须消失的世界，因为这个世界对待穷人极其不公平。由此可知，画线词inequitable意为“不公平的”。unconditional无条件的；unfair不公平的；unreal不真实的；unfriendly不友好的。故选B。答案：B3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutGorky?A．Hevaluedcriticalthinking.B．Hewasoflittleinfluence.C．Hewaseasytobowbeforedifficulties.D．Hediscountedlifeexperience.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thekeytobeingamodernperson,hethought,wastoacquireacriticalattitude：‘Keepreadingbooks,butrememberthatabook'sonlyabook,andyoushouldlearntothinkforyourself，’heoncesaid.(他认为，要成为一个现代人，关键是要养成一种批判的态度：‘坚持读书，但要记住，一本书只是一本书，你应该学会独立思考，’他曾经说过)”可知，A选项“高尔基重视批判性思维”正确。故选A。答案：A4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Gorkyandhisfamily.B．ThehardshipGorkyexperienced.C．Gorky'sfamousworks.D．Gorky'sinfluenceinliteratureandhislife.解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Gorkywasahighlyinfluentialauthor.Morethananyotherwriter,helaidthefoundationsforthefamousliterarystyleknownassocialistrealism.(高尔基是一位极具影响力的作家。与其他作家相比，他为著名的社会主义现实主义文学风格奠定了基础)”以及第四段“Hewasbornintoanordinarylifebutsoonbecameanorphan,beforebeingraisedbyhisgrandmotherinpoverty.Ashegrewolder,\nhewouldtakeajobandthenquicklymoveontoanother.Hetriedmanyjobs,buttheonethatheseemedtolovethemostwasbeingajournalist.(他出生在一个平凡的家庭，但很快就成了孤儿，由贫困的祖母抚养长大。随着年龄的增长，他找了一份工作，然后迅速跳槽。他尝试过很多工作，但他似乎最喜欢的是当记者)”可知，这篇文章的主要内容是高尔基对文学的影响和他的人生经历。故选D。答案：DBLegoshavebeenakindofpopulartoysforchildrenformorethan60years.Whenchildrengetolder,boxesofplasticLegobricksoftenendupunusedandstoredinoutofthewayplacesaroundthehomes.ParentssometimesendupthrowingtheLegosaway.Now,theLegoGrouptoycompanyistestingaprogramtomakesuretheunwantedbricksdonotgotowaste.TheprogramiscalledLegoReplay.Itaimstomakesuretheunwantedbuildingblockscontinuetomakechildrenhappy.TimBrooksistheLegocompany'svicepresidentofenvironmentalsustainability.Hesaid,“NearlyallLegobricksweseethatareouttherehavelotsmoreplayvalueinthem—multigenerationofplayvalue.It'sawasteofenergyandresourcestogrindthemup(碾碎)andmakenewbricks.”Brookssaidtheideacamefromparentswhodonotknowwhattodowiththeoldbricks.PlacingoldLegosinwastecontainersisnotagoodanswer.Birdsandotherwildlifemaytrytoeatwhatlookslikecolorfulfood—withdeadlyresults.WiththeLegoReplayprogram,parentsloadunwantedLegosofallshapesandcolorsintoboxes.Then,theygototheprogramwebsiteandprintoutamailinglabel.Theboxesaresenttoprocessingcenters,wherethebricksaresorted,cleanedandshippedtoaidgroupsanddonationcenters.TheLegoReplaytestprogramissettolastthroughMarch.Ifitissuccessful,theprogrammaybeexpandedtoincludeotherLegoproducts.TheLegoGroupisalsolookingatothermaterialstouseintheirtoys.Whileplastichasprovedtobethestrongestmaterial,Legohasbegunmakingsomebricksoutofsugarcane(甘蔗)． [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了乐高公司正在研发一个项目，旨在确保不需要的积木继续使孩子开心。5．What'sthemainpurposeofLegoReplay?A．Toentertainthosechildrenwithouttoys.\nB．TomakeunwantedLegobricksreused.C．TopreventparentstothrowtheLegosaway.D．Toavoidusingunwantedbricksbystoringthem.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Itaimstomakesuretheunwantedbuildingblockscontinuetomakechildrenhappy.(它旨在确保不需要的积木继续让孩子们快乐)”可知，这个计划旨在让不需要的积木再次被使用，让孩子们快乐。故选B项。答案：B6．WhereareunwantedLegobrickssortedandcleanedaccordingtoLegoReplay?A．Atprocessingcenters.B．Atdonationcenters.C．Ontheprogramwebsite.D．Intheowners'homes.解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Theboxesaresenttoprocessingcenters,wherethebricksaresorted,cleanedandshippedtoaidgroupsanddonationcenters.(这些盒子被送到加工中心，在那里，积木被分类、清理，然后被运送到援助团体和捐赠中心)”可知，这些积木是在加工处理中心被分类和清洗的。故选A项。答案：A7．WhatdoesBrooksprobablyagreewith?A．Legobrickswastetoomanyresources.B．UnwantedLegobricksstillhavevalue.C．WeshouldstoreoldLegosinwastecontainers.D．Legobricksarefavoritefoodofsomebirds.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“NearlyallLegobricksweseethatareouttherehavelotsmoreplayvalueinthem—multigenerationofplayvalue.It'sawasteofenergyandresourcestogrindthemupandmakenewbricks(几乎所有我们看到的乐高积木都有更多的游戏价值。把它们碾碎并制造新的积木是浪费能源和资源的)”可知，Brooks可能会同意“不需要的乐高积木还会有价值”这个观点。故选B项。答案：B8．WhatdoestheLegoGroupexploreaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．MoreotherLegoproducts.B．Properuseofplastics.C．Similarproductstosugarcane.D．Newmaterialsofproducingbricks.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“TheLegoGroupisalsolookingatother\nmaterialstouseintheirtoys.(乐高集团也在寻找其他材料用于他们的玩具)”可知，乐高集团公司在寻找制造乐高玩具的新材料。故选D项。答案：DⅡ.语法填空ZhaoZong,a26yearoldmanfromCentralChina'sHenanProvince,recentlybecame1.ahitontheInternetforpushinghis97yearoldgrandmotherinawheelchairaroundduringatourofXi'an,ShaanxiProvince.Thebehaviorwaspretty2.admirable(admire)andreceivednumerousthumbsups(点赞)onChinesesocialmediaplatformWeibo.3．Departing(depart)forthedestinationonSept1,Zhaospentnearlyaweektakinghisgrandmothertothepopularsites,liketheTerracottaWarriors.Hedidn'twanthisgrandmothertobetired4.withthetrip,sotwoweeksbeforethejourneyheboughtafoldablewheelchairforher.Zhao5.was_raised(raise)inhisgrandparents'home.Whenhewas3,hisparentscouldn'ttakecareofhimfora6.variety(vary)ofreasons,andfromthenon,helivedwithhisgrandmother.“That's7.whyIhavedeepfeelingsforher.”Zhaoexplained.“It8.has_been(be)mydreamtotakemygrandmotheronatripsinceIwasincollege.NowIfeelsoexcitedthatmydream9.eventually(eventual)cametrue.”Aslongasconditionsallow,Zhaonextarranges10.to_tour(tour)Tsingtaowithhisgrandmothertoseethesea,andhopefullymoreplacesinChina.Ⅲ.短文改错DearPeter，Goodnewstravelsfast!IamgladtohearthatyouwereadmittedYaleUniversity.Pleaseacceptmysincerelycongratulationsonyoursuccess.IknewhowhardyouhavebeenworkingfortheseyearsbutIamveryproudofyouforyoursuccess.Iamsurethatitwasjustmypersistenceandhardworkwhichledtoyourcurrentsuccess.Justastheoldsayinggo,“Nopains,nogains”．Istronglybelievethatyouwillmakeagreaterprogressinyourfuturestudiesandworks.Attheendofmyletter,Igivemybestwishestoyou!AndIlookforwardtoseeyoubeforelong.Yours，Lily[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要表达了作者对朋友被耶鲁大学录取的祝贺。1．解析：考查介词。句意：听说你被耶鲁大学录取了，我很高兴。beadmittedto/into为固定用法，意为“被……录取”。故应在admitted后加上to/into。\n答案：第二句在admitted后加to/into2．解析：考查形容词。句意：请接受我对你成功的衷心祝贺。分析句子结构可知，congratulations为名词，应用形容词来修饰。故把sincerely改为sincere。答案：第三句sincerely→sincere3．解析：考查动词的时态。句意：我知道你这些年来一直很努力。分析文章可知，全文时态为一般现在时，故此处的时态应与全文时态保持一致，表示一般事实情况。故把knew改为know。答案：第四句knew→know4．解析：考查连词。句意：我知道你这些年来一直很努力，我为你的成功感到骄傲。分析句子结构可知，前后两句话为并列或因果关系，而不是转折关系。故把but改为and或so。答案：第四句but→and/so5．解析：考查人称代词。句意：我相信，正是你的坚持和努力，才导致了你现在的成功。分析文章可知，是作者的朋友被耶鲁大学录取，故应是她的坚持和努力。故把my改为your。答案：第五句my→your6．解析：考查强调句。句意见上题解析。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个强调句，强调“你的坚持和努力”，故应用that。故把which改为that。答案：第五句which→that7．解析：考查固定用法。句意：正如老话所说：“不劳无获”。astheoldsayinggoes为固定用法，意为“正如老话所说”。故把go改为goes。答案：第六句go→goes8．解析：考查冠词。句意：我坚信你今后的学习和工作会有更大的进步。progress为不可数名词，不能用a修饰。故去掉a。答案：第七句去掉a9．解析：考查名词的单复数。句意：我坚信你今后的学习和工作会有更大的进步。work当“工作”讲时为不可数名词，故没有复数形式。故把works改为work。答案：第七句works改为work10．解析：考查固定搭配。句意：我期待不久能见到你。lookforwardtodoing为固定用法。故把see改为seeing。答案：第九句see→seeingⅣ.书面表达假定你是李华，准备与新西兰的朋友Rosy去参观中国园林博物馆。现收到该馆暂时闭馆通知，请用英语写一封信告知她，内容包括：1．表示遗憾；2．推迟原因；\n3．新的安排。参考词汇：中国园林博物馆：theMuseumofChineseGardensandLandscapeArchitecture注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[参考范文]DearRosy，Howarethingsgoingwithyou?I'mprettysorrytosaythatthereisanewnotificationthattheMuseumofChineseGardensandLandscapeArchitecturewillcloseuntilfurthernotice.Itisapitythatwewon'tbeabletovisititasplanned.Thereasonforthemuseum'stemporaryclosingisthatitneedstobeupdated,whichmeanswewillhavetheopportunitytowitnessanewfaceofitinthenearfuture.Inspiteofthis,wecanstillmakesomeotherplans.Forexample,theSummerPalaceisagoodalternative,whichissuretoleaveanequallydeepimpressiononus.Whatdoyousuggestweshoulddotogether?I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiHua
