对方向刷高分2022|短文改错与语法填空特辑（二）WhenIwasaveryyoungchildren,myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberchildwellyearslate.Everytimehearrivedhomeatendoftheday,we'dgreetheratthelaterthehimdoor.Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknowingus,Thenheandmywereknowmotherwouldhavehadadrinkwhilesheprepareddinnerandtheywouldtalkabouthisdayandhers.Whiletheychat,myfatherwouldliftmysisterandmeuptositinthechattedontopofthefridge.Itwasbothexcitedandfrighteningtobeupthere！exciting注意：would表示过去常常做某事。∧短文改错|2016浙江卷Mysoccercoachretiredinlastweek.Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathissomethingretirementparty.Mymummakesthebetterbiscuitsintheworld,soIdecidetoaskbestdecidedherforhelp.Mumtaughtmesomebasicstepofbaking.Iinsistedondoingmostofthestepsbakingmyself.Ithoughtthebiscuitswerereallywell.MyonlymistakewasthatIgooddroppedsomeonthefloorafterIwaspackingthemup.when/whileAtaparty,mycoach,withabiscuitinhismouth,askedsurprisinglywhomadethemtheandjoked,“Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjustgetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.”toMyfavoritepictureatthepartyisofmycoachandmeenjoythebiscuitswithhappyenjoyinglaughter!∧短文改错|2015陕西卷Hi,Janice,It'sbeenamonthsinceIcametothisnewschoolandIreallywantsharewithyoutosomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.AsItellyoulasttime,Imadethreetoldnewfriendhere.Wehangouttogetherduringlunchandafterschool.We'vebeenfriendsspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars.It'sbeenthreeSaturdaysnowanditreallysingingcostsmemany.AndIstartedtoseethisasatime-wastingactivity!Infact,Idon’tlikemuchtogoanymore,soI’mafraidI’lllosetheirfriendship.HowdoyouthinkIshoulddo?butWhatIfyouareme,wouldyoutalktohim?werethemPleasehelpwithmeandgivemesomeadvice.Grace∧短文改错|2015四川卷Sometimeafter10，000BC，peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived___56___，throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears，theybegantodependlesson___57___couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild，andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.【sow-sowed-sown】Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson___58___huntingandgathering，sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildrenAnd，asmorechildrenwereborn，morefood___59___(need).Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology___60___(change)lives.Byabout6000BC，people___61___(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later，theylearnedtoworkwiththe___62___(season)，plantingattherighttimeand，indryareas，___63___(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then，with___64___riseofscience，changesbegan.Newmethods_____65_____(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.Inthelastcenturyorso，thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化肥)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.语法填空|2020浙江卷答案答案56.in57.what|名词性从句58.than|forexample干扰成分，可去掉或提到前面59.wasneeded60.tochange|目的状语61.haddiscovered|过去完成时seasonsmaking|并列成分的对等性。themeantThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence___61___theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen___62___(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modernmethods___63___trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive___64___(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut___65___(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa___66___(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby___67___(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare___68___(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of___69___nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six____70____(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.语法填空|2019全国I卷答案答案61.that|同位语从句62.poorly63.of/for64.toperform65.havereported|现在完成时标志：inrecentyears/days|for+时间段/since+过去式|lately,recently,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,bynow|in/over/duringthepast/lastyears/days…|throughouthistory66.belief|同位语从句先行词noting|指出；特别强调。higherthe|threeofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulationsare|这里不是数词做主语。A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for___61___(be)Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___62___sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave___63___(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene___64___(declare)shehadnoplans___65___(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid,“Idon’tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI___66___(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,___67___becauseIwantto.”【通过初审】GranddaughterGayleParks,31—whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness—saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid,“Wedon’thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall___68___(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas___69___joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It’s____70____(wonder).”语法填空|2019全国II卷答案答案61.being|62.which|非限制性定语从句63.finally|finally/eventually/ultimately|nominate/name64.declared65.toretire66.havemade|现在完成时标志：inrecentyears/days|for+时间段/since+过去式|lately,recently,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,bynow|in/over/duringthepast/lastyears/days…|throughouthistory|overtheyearsbutsaying|acallsaying…=acallwhichsays…awonderful|blowsbaway【(一般是好事）使某人大吃一惊】Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining___61___hardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake___62___(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack___63___dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters___64___hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand___65___(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Forbreakfast,wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.【赛事】Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting___66___(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany___67___(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere__68__(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we___69___(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,____70____(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.语法填空|2019全国III卷答案答案61.so|so…that结构62.toget|Ittakessbsometimetodos.th63.of|apackof=aherdof(animals)/aflockof(birds)/acrowdof(people)64.Who|定语从句65.recommended|并列谓语66.competitiontraditionalhugelywereinvitedlistening|现在分词结果状语；表示意料中的结果；onlyto…表示意料之外的结果。Myoldclassroomwasinterestingbecausethreesideoftheclassroomweremadesidesfromglass.Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.Ontheleft-handofsittingsideoftheclass,Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.Inthemornings,itwasfullofeasilystudentsexercising.Theviewfromthebackoftheclassroomisalsosplendid.Closetowastheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.Fartherintheitdistance,Icouldnotenjoytheviewofsnowymountains.Ontherightsideoftheclasswastheroad.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.TheapositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.IfIwasonlyfeelAlthough/ThoughachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.∧短文改错|2015浙江卷Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded.parentsTonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintointheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehislooking或thatparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimdryingandbegantellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momtoldthehissaid,"Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedterriblyherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.∧短文改错|2015全国II卷WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIthoughtamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthetheandmountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,thewithenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtierseriousairanddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.WemustfoundwaystoprotectyourManyfindourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we’lllivetoregretit.∧短文改错|2015全国I卷分类示例以－le结尾的形容词，变－le为－lypossible→possibly，terrible→terribly，comfortable→comfortably，gentle→gently，simple→simply等以－y结尾的形容词，变－y为－ilyeasy→easily，angry→angrily，noisy→noisily，happy→happily，heavy→heavily，healthy→healthily等常考且容易拼错的副词excitedly，rudely，truly，healthily，politely，widely，nicely，closely，surprisingly，increasingly，disappointedly，fortunately，hurriedly等1．形容词变副词的后缀常考构词法后缀示例－ageshortadj.短缺的→shortagen．不足；短缺－cyfluentadj.流利的→fluencyn．流利；流畅－domwiseadj.聪明的→wisdomn．明智；智慧－encedifferent adj.不同的→difference n．差异－nessweakadj.虚弱的→weaknessn．虚弱；弱点－thstrong adj.强壮的→strength n．力气，优势－ydifficult adj.困难的→difficulty n．困难－tysafe adj.安全的→safety n．安全－ityresponsible adj.负责的→responsibility n．责任2.形容词变名词的后缀常考构词法后缀示例－alapprove v．赞成，批准→approval n．赞成，批准－anceappearvi.出现→appearancen．出现；外貌－ionattract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引－mentachievevt.达到，完成→achievementn．功绩；成就－yrecoverv．恢复→recoveryn．恢复；痊愈3.动词变名词的后缀：常见的动词变名词的后缀有－al，－ance，－ence，－ion，－tion，－ation，－(ss)ion，－ing，－ment，－ure，－ture，－y等。常考构词法后缀示例－ableaccept vt.接受→acceptable adj.可接受的－edconfuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.感到困惑的－ingconvince vt.说服，使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的－fulforget vt.忘记→forgetful adj.健忘的－alnature n．自然→natural adj.自然的－ibleaccess n．进入，使用权，通路→accessible adj.容易取得的－ouscaution n．谨慎→cautious adj.谨慎的4.动词、名词变形容词的后缀：常见的动词、名词变形容词的后缀有－able，－al，－ful，－ed，－ing，－ible，－ive，－ous，－some，－y，－ern，－ish等。常考构词法前缀示例dis－advantage n．优势→disadvantage n．缺点il－legal adj.合法的→illegal adj.不合法的in－convenient adj.方便的→inconvenient adj.不方便的ir－regular adj.有规律的→irregular adj.无规律的mis－lead vt.引导→mislead vt.误导un－willing adj.乐意的→unwilling adj.不乐意的5.表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀：常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀有dis－，il－，im－，in－，ir－，mis－，un－，－less等。常考构词法前、后缀示例en－able adj.有能力的→enable vt.使能够－ensharp adj.尖的→sharpen vt.使尖锐－ifysimple adj.简单的→simplify vt.简化－izeapology n．道歉→apologize v．道歉6.变动词的前缀和后缀常考构词法
