优点英语2020-2021学年高一期末复习热点话题阅读19话题：社交媒体与网络欺凌【1】Eisateenwithspecialneeds.Often,shefeelsthatsheistargetedbyherschoolmates.Shecomplainsofdirtylooks,eyerollingandwhisperingwhenshewalksthroughthehalls.Thistime,shesawAwhisperingandthoughtitwasabouther.AndEhadpowertohitback-onFacebook.Assoonasshegothome,sheloggedonanddemandedthatherfriendsunfriendA,andchoosebetweenthetwoofthem.SheteasedthemfortalkingtoAatschool,andcalledA“ugly”and“fat”,“Sheissmelly.”Ewrote,“andsheusesherMumtofightherbattles.”Youcanonlyimaginethecomments.However,Edidn’tknowthatherFacebookprivacysettingwassettothepublicwhichmeantthatanyone-includingA-couldreadherposts.Inamatterofhours,Ewasthecyberbully.Andhere’sthethingaboutcyberbullying:Itcanbecomereal-lifetrouble.Thiscanoftenbeheard.“Youbothermeonline.Iwillbotheryouuponthebus.”Itcanstartwithamisunderstoodcommentoraninappropriatepostmeantasajoke,Andforateenwithspecialneeds,wordscantakeonliteralmeanings,crcatingancnvironmentthat’sfrightening.Combinethatwithalackofcontrolofonlineprivacyandvirtualsocialskillsandyoumayhaveanilloutcome.Socialmediacanopendoorstonewfriendshipsandsocialcirclesthatareinaccessibleinreallife.Butwe,asadults,oftengiveourchildrenaccesstothisvirtualworldwithoutguidanceandboundaries,whilecountingonthemtouseitwitheaseandwisdom.Weexpecttoomuchwithlittledirection.TheadvicethatIgiveparentsistosetclearrulesandstayconsistent,evenrepeated.1．WhatdidEdoonFacebookwhenbelievingAwaswhisperingabouther?A．ShemadeunfaircommentsaboutA．B．ShechallengedAtofightagainsther.C．SheaskedherfriendstoforgiveA．,优点英语D．SheteasedAfortalkingwithherfriends.2．Theunderlinedphrase“countingon”inthelastparagraphrefersto________.A．focusingonB．relyingonC．appealingtoD．turningto3．Whomightbethedesignedreadersofthispassage?A．Parents.B．Teenagers.C．Children.D．Teachers.4．Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Howtoprotectprivacyforchildreninthevirtualworld.B．Howtosetregulationsforchildreninthevirtualworld.C．Howtobuildfriendshipsforchildreninthevirtualworld.D．Howtofightthecyberbullyforchildreninthevirtualworld.【2】Technologyisadouble-edgedsword(双刃剑)—whileitbringsconvenience,italsobringsnewproblems.Theswordof“socialmedia”evenhasitspreference:Itcutsdeeperintogirlsthanboys.JeanTwenge,aprofessoratSanDiegoStateUniversityintheUS,recentlydiscoveredanalarmingtrend:Since2010,thenumberofteenagegirlswhosufferfrommajordepression,showingsignslikeself-harmandsuicide(自杀),hasincreasedmuchfasterthanthatofboys.Itissocialmediaagainthatistoblame.Statistically,girlsusesocialmediamorethanboys.Boystendtospendtheirscreentimeongames,wheretheytalktotheirteammatesthroughheadphones.Thoughnotdirectly,thisstillcountsasrealhumancontact.Girls,however,simplytypeandbrowsethroughposts,whichisamuchmoreisolated(孤立的)experience.“They'renothavingareal-timeconversationwithsomeonemostofthetime,”MaryFristad,psychologistatTheOhioStateUniversity,toldNPR.Andwhenitcomestoonlineshaming,girlsarealsomorevulnerablethanboys.“Girlsfacemore,优点英语pressureabouttheirappearance,whichcouldbeexacerbated(加重)bysocialmedia,”wroteTwenge.ShannonMcLaughlin,forexample,isan18-year-oldfromBlackburnCollegeintheUS.ShesharedwiththeGuardianhowsocialmediamadeherfeeldepressed.ButMcLaughlinfoundasolution.ShestartedvolunteeringwiththeNationalCitizenService,whereshemadeface-to-facecontactwithpeople."It'ssoeasytoforgettheimportanceofrealconnectionswhenwehavehundredsofpeoplethatwe'retryingtoimpressatourfingertips,"shetoldtheGuardian.Andshehopesthatothers"lookupfromtheirphonesandfocusmoreontheworldaroundthem".5．WhatcausesmoredepressedgirlstoharmandevenkillthemselvesaccordingtoTwenge?A．Socialmedia.B．Campusinjury.C．Physicalimage.D．Academicpressure.6．Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A．Boystendtospendmoretimeonlinethangirls.B．Girlsexperiencemorerealhumancontactonline.C．Girlsaremorelikelytogetsociallyseparatedonline.D．Boyshavedirecthumancontactinplayingonlinegames.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vulnerable"inParagraph4mean?A．Abletoadjustoneself.B．Easilyhurtordisturbed.C．Concernedaboutsomething.D．Extremelydevotedorimpressed.8．WhatisMcLaughlin'ssolutiontotheproblem?A．Focusmoreontheonlineworld.B．Connectmorewiththerealworld.C．Starttotakepartinvolunteerwork.D．Makeuseofphonesforsocializing.,优点英语参考答案1．A2．B3．A4．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者由学生无形中就利用网络进行了欺凌的现象讲述了父母应该对孩子进入这个虚拟世界要进行指导和制定规则。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Assoonasshegothome,sheloggedonanddemandedthatherfriendsunfriendA,andchoosebetweenthetwoofthem.SheteasedthemfortalkingtoAatschool,andcalledA“ugly”and“fat”,“Sheissmelly.”Ewrote,“andsheusesherMumtofightherbattles.”Youcanonlyimaginethecomments.(一到家，她就登录了Facebook，要求朋友们解除A的好友关系，然后在他们俩之间做出选择。她嘲笑他们在学校里和A说话，还说A“丑”、“胖”、“她很臭”。E写道，“她利用她的妈妈来为她战斗。”你可以想象这些评论)”可知，当E认为A在悄悄议论她时，她在Facebook上对A发表了不公正的评论。故选A项。2．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Butwe,asadults,oftengiveourchildrenaccesstothisvirtualworldwithoutguidanceandboundaries,whilecountingonthemtouseitwitheaseandwisdom.Weexpecttoomuchwithlittledirection.(但是，作为成年人，我们经常让我们的孩子在没有指导和界限的情况下进入这个虚拟世界，同时countingon他们轻松和智慧地使用它。我们期望太多，却没有方向)”可知，“我们”期望太多，即“我们”指望孩子轻松和智慧地使用虚拟世界，因此猜测划线词countingon意为“指望”。故选B项。3．,优点英语推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Butwe,asadults,oftengiveourchildrenaccesstothisvirtualworldwithoutguidanceandboundaries,whilecountingonthemtouseitwitheaseandwisdom.(但是，作为成年人，我们经常让我们的孩子在没有指导和界限的情况下进入这个虚拟世界，同时指望他们轻松和智慧地使用它)”和“Weexpecttoomuchwithlittledirection.TheadvicethatIgiveparentsistosetclearrulesandstayconsistent,evenrepeated.(我给父母的建议是，制定明确的规则，保持一致，甚至是重复)”可知，这篇文章是为父母写的。故选A项。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Weexpecttoomuchwithlittledirection.TheadvicethatIgiveparentsistosetclearrulesandstayconsistent,evenrepeated.(我给父母的建议是，制定明确的规则，保持一致，甚至是重复)”可知，在接下来的段落中可能会讨论具体如何为虚拟世界中的儿童制定规则。故选B项。5．A6．C7．B8．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。社交媒体在带来便利的同时也带来了新的问题，它对女孩的伤害更大，更容易导致患有严重抑郁症、有自残和自杀迹象的少女人数的增长。文章对此进行了原因的分析，并提出解决方案。5．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Since2010,thenumberofteenagegirlswhosufferfrommajordepression,showingsignslikeself-harmandsuicide(自杀),hasincreasedmuchfasterthanthatofboys.Itissocialmediaagainthatistoblame.(自2010年以来，患有严重抑郁症、有自残和自杀迹象的少女人数的增长速度远远快于男孩。社交媒体再次受到指责)”可知，特文奇表示，社交媒体导致更多抑郁的女孩伤害自己甚至自杀。故选A。,优点英语6．推理判断题。根据第三段倒第二句“Girls,however,simplytypeandbrowsethroughposts,whichisamuchmoreisolated(孤立的)experience.(然而，女孩只是简单地输入和浏览帖子，这是一种更加孤立的体验)”和最后一句中的“They'renothavingareal-timeconversationwithsomeonemostofthetime(她们大部分时间都没有和某人进行实时对话)”可知，女孩在网上更容易被社会孤立。故选C。7．词句猜测题。根据第四段第二句“Girlsfacemorepressureabouttheirappearance,whichcouldbeexacerbated(加重)bysocialmedia(女孩们在外表方面面临更多压力，社交媒体可能会加剧这种压力)”可知，此处是指说到网络羞辱，女孩也比男孩更容易受到伤害。所以vulnerable意为“容易受伤害的”。故选B。8．推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“ButMcLaughlinfoundasolution.ShestartedvolunteeringwiththeNationalCitizenService,whereshemadeface-to-facecontactwithpeople.(但McLaughlin找到了解决办法。她开始在国家公民服务中心做志愿者，在那里她与人们进行面对面的接触)”和第三句“It'ssoeasytoforgettheimportanceofrealconnectionswhenwehavehundredsofpeoplethatwe'retryingtoimpressatourfingertips(当我们想要给成百上千的人留下深刻印象时，我们很容易忘记真正联系的重要性)”可知，McLaughlin的解决方案是更多地与现实世界联系。故选B。
