优点英语2020-2021学年高一期末复习热点话题阅读与题型专练01话题：新冠疫苗【01】BeijingwillprovideCOVID-19vaccinations(接种疫苗)forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.Thosewhowillreceivethevaccinesincludenursinghomekitchenworkers,securityguardsandcleaners.BeijingDailyreportedonFriday.XingYinli,directorofJingkangyuan,anursinghomeinFengtaidistrictwithabout290elderlyresidents(居民),saidtheyhavereceivedthedocumentrecentlyandwillstrictlyfollowitsguidance."It'sourtopdutytostrengthenpreventionandcontrol",Xingsaid,addingtheyhavebeenusingmethodssuchaskeepingdetailedrecordsofresidentcontactsoutsidethenursinghome,andencouragingonlinevisitsforfamilymembers.Astovaccinations,shesaidtheywillaskforpermissionfromresidents,theirfamilymembersandworkersbeforegivingvaccines.InlateOctober,Shaoxing,ZhejiangprovincecarriedoutanemergencyCOVTD-19vaccineprogram,allowingthepublictoaskforinjections(注射)inadvance,withkeygroupsfirst.AsimilarprogramwasalsoorganizedinJiaxing,NingboandYiwuinZhejiang.Nationwide,emergencyuseofhomegrownCOVID-19vaccineswasapprovedinJuneandlaunchedinlateJuly.Chinanowhasfourcoronaviruscandidatevaccinesinthethirdstageclinicaltrials(临床试验).ThedocumentfromBeijingalsosaidnursinghomesshouldconductnucleicacidtesting(核酸检测)everymonthamongkitchenworkersandresidentswholeavethenursinghomestoseeadoctor.Testswillcoverallpeopleinnursinghomesconsideredathighriskifnewinfectionsarereportedinthecity.Besides,routinedisinfections(消毒)shouldbestrengthenedinkitchens,storeroomsandrestrooms,itsaid.Thedocumentalsorecommendednoncontactvisitsfromfamilymembers.,优点英语1．Wherecanyouprobablyfindthisarticle?A．Inanewspaper.B．Inafashionmagazine.C．Inabookreview.D．Inatraveljournal.2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraphs4and5?A．Thenursinghomekeptdetailedrecordsofresidents.B．Allthememberswillmakepreparationsforinjections.C．Thenursinghometakespreventionandcontrolseriously.D．Jiaxingisthefirstcitytohavecarriedoutanemergencyprogram.3．What'sthemainideaofthispassage？A．Nursinghomesshouldconductnucleicacidtesting.B．CertaingroupswillhavevaccinesfirstinlateJune.C．Beijingnursinghomesaretobeprovidedvaccines.D．Routinedisinfectionsshouldbestrengthenedinkitchens.【02】COVIDherdimmunity(群体免疫)willnothappenin2021WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)chiefscientistSoumyaSwaminathansaidMondaythatherdimmunitytocoronaviruswouldnotbeachievedin2021,despitethegrowingavailabilityofvaccines(疫苗产量).Factorsthatdelayherdimmunityincludelimitedaccesstovaccinesindevelopingcountries,skepticism(怀疑)overvaccination,andthepotentialforvirusmutations(变异),accordingtohealthexperts.Agrowingnumberofcountriesaroundtheworld,includingtheUnitedStates,theUnitedKingdom,Singapore,GermanyandotherEuropeanUnioncountries,areinthefirststagesofmass-vaccinationcampaigns.,优点英语Herdimmunityoccurswhenenoughpeopleinapopulationhaveimmunitytoaninfection(传染)sothatitpreventsthediseasefromspreading.“Wearenotgoingtoachieveanylevelsofpopulationimmunityorherdimmunityin2021,”Swaminathansaid,whileemphasizingthatmeasureslikephysicaldistancing,handwashingandmaskwearingcontinuetobenecessaryincontrollingCOVID'sspreadfortherestoftheyear.However,Swaminathanpraisedthe“incredibleprogress”madebyvaccineresearcherstodevelopseveralsafeandeffectivevaccinesatunprecedented(空前的)speed.CountriesarecurrentlyadministeringvaccinesdevelopedbyBioNTech-Pfizer,OxfordUniversityAstraZenecaandModerna.“Thevaccinesaregoingtocome,”shesaid.“Theyaregoingtogotoall.countries,butmeanwhilewemustn'tforgetthattherearemeasuresthatwork,”sheadded,referringtohygiene(卫生)andsocialdistancing.“Wewon'tgetbacktonormalquickly,”DaleFisher,chairmanoftheWHO'sOutbreakAlertandResponseNetwork,toldaconferencehostedbyReutersnewsagency.“Weknowweneedtogettoherdimmunityandweneedthatinamajorityofcountries,butwearenotgoingtoseethatin2021,”Fishersaid.“Theremightbesomecountriesthatmightachieveitbuteventhenthatwillnotcreatenormalespeciallyintermsofbordercontrols,”headded.4．Whichofthefollowingarenotthefactorsthatdelayherdimmunity?A．Peopleareskepticalaboutvaccination.B．Accesstovaccinesindevelopingcountriesislimited.C．Agrowingnumberofcountriesbeginmass-vaccinationcampaigns.D．Virusmutationsarelikelytohappen.5．Asforthefirststagesofmass-vaccinationcampaigns,whichcountryisnotmentionedinthepassage?A．VietnamB．GermanyC．SingaporeD．theUnitedKingdom6．WhatcanwelearnfromwhatFishersaid?,优点英语A．Inmanycountriesin2021,peoplewillliveanormal’lifeintermsofbordercontrols.B．Ifsomecountriesmightachieveherdimmunity,peoplewilllivea‘normal’life.C．Intermsofgoodbordercontrols,wecanachieveherdimmunity.D．Theremaybealongwaytogettoherdimmunityallovertheworld.7．WhatistheattitudeofSwaminathantotheprogressofvaccinedevelopment?A．positiveB．negativeC．unclearD．neutral参考答案1．A2．C3．C【分析】本文是新闻报道。文章围绕北京市政府为养老机构中的老年人和护理人员等特定人群接种新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬季节期间养老机构再次爆发疫情而展开报道。1．推理判断题。根据第一段“BeijingwillprovideCOVID-19vaccinations(接种疫苗)forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.（京市政府表示，将在自愿的基础上，为养老机构中的老年人和护理人员等特定人群接种新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬季节期间养老机构再次爆发疫情）”可知，这段是本篇导语，文章接下来的内容都围绕此展开，再结合第二段结尾“BeijingDailyreportedonFriday.（《北京日报》周五报道。）”此处提到了新闻报道，由此推知文章来源于报纸，故选A项。2．,优点英语推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段的“theyhavebeenusingmethodssuchaskeepingdetailedrecordsofresidentcontactsoutsidethenursinghome,andencouragingonlinevisitsforfamilymembers.Astovaccinations,shesaidtheywillaskforpermissionfromresidents,theirfamilymembersandworkersbeforegivingvaccines.（他们一直在使用一些方法，比如详细记录养老院以外的居民联系，鼓励家庭成员在线访问。至于接种疫苗，她说，他们在接种疫苗前将征求居民、家属和工作人员的同意。）”可知，养老院重视预防和控制。故选C项。3．主旨大意题。根据第一段“BeijingwillprovideCOVID-19vaccinations(接种疫苗)forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.（京市政府表示，将在自愿的基础上，为养老机构中的老年人和护理人员等特定人群接种新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬季节期间养老机构再次爆发疫情）”和全文内容可知，文章围绕北京市政府为养老机构中的老年人和护理人员等特定人群接种新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬季节期间养老机构再次爆发疫情而展开报道，即北京的养老院很快会被提供疫苗。故选C项。4．C5．A6．D7．A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了尽管全球多国已经开始大规模疫苗接种，2021年仍无法实现任何程度的群体免疫。4．细节理解题。由第二段“Factorsthatdelayherdimmunityincludelimitedaccesstovaccinesindevelopingcountries,skepticism(怀疑)overvaccination,andthepotentialforvirusmutations(变异),accordingto,优点英语healthexperts.(据卫生专家说，推迟群体免疫的因素包括发展中国家获得疫苗的机会有限、对疫苗接种的怀疑以及病毒突变的可能性。)”可知，越来越多的国家开始大规模接种疫苗不是推迟群体免疫的因素。故选C项。5．细节理解题。由第三段“Agrowingnumberofcountriesaroundtheworld,includingtheUnitedStates,theUnitedKingdom,Singapore,GermanyandotherEuropeanUnioncountries,areinthefirststagesofmass-vaccinationcampaigns.(世界上越来越多的国家，包括美国、英国、新加坡、德国和其他欧盟国家，正处于大规模疫苗接种运动的第一阶段。)”可知，处于大规模疫苗接种运动第一阶段的国家中，没有提及越南。故选A项。6．推理判断题。由最后一段中的““Weknowweneedtogettoherdimmunityandweneedthatinamajorityofcountries,butwearenotgoingtoseethatin2021,”Fishersaid.“Theremightbesomecountriesthatmightachieveitbuteventhenthatwillnotcreatenormalespeciallyintermsofbordercontrols,”headded.(Fisher说：“我们知道我们需要获得群体免疫力，我们需要在大多数国家获得这种免疫力，但我们不会在2021年看到这种情况。”“可能有些国家可能实现这一目标，但即便如此，也不会创造正常的环境，特别是在边境管制方面。”，他补充说。)”可知，Fisher认为有些国家可能实现群体免疫这一目标，但全世界范围内获得群体免疫能力近期是看不到的，可得出要想在全世界范围内获得群体免疫也许还有很长的路要走。故选D项。7．推理判断题。由倒数第三段中的“However,Swaminathanpraisedthe“incredibleprogress”madebyvaccineresearcherstodevelopseveralsafeandeffectivevaccinesatunprecedented(空前的)speed.(然而，Swaminathan赞扬疫苗研究人员以前所未有的速度研制出几种安全有效的疫苗所取得的“令人难以置信的进展”。)”可知，Swaminathan称赞疫苗研究人员所取得的“令人难以置信的进展”，可得出Swaminathan对疫苗研发的进展持的态度是积极的。故选A项。
