2022年2月甘肃省部分普通高中高三第一次联考英语试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．ANextyearmarksthe150thanniversaryofwhenlargenumbersofChinesestartedworkingonahugeprojectintheUnitedStates.TheyhelptobuildAmerica’sfirsttranscontinentalrailroadbetween1863and1869,connectingtheEastCoastwiththeWest.PeopleknowlittleabouttheChineserailroadworkersandwhathappenedtothemaftertheprojectwasfinished.StanfordUniversityinCaliforniawantstolearnmoreaboutthelivesofthesemenbyreachingouttotheirfamilies.BillYee’sancestorscamefromsouthernChina.Hesaid,“Mygreat-great-grandfathercametoAmericaduringthe‘goldrush’daysandhereturnedtoChinaasawealthyman.Andthenmygreat-grandfathercametoworkontherailroadanddiedthere.”ButthatdidnotstophisgrandfatherfromcomingtotheUSonfalsepapers.Heoperatedalaundry.BillYee’sfathercontinuedtorunthebusinessandhasneverreturnedtoChina.“ThingswereprettybadinsomepartsofChinainthe1860’s.TheycametoAmericaatallcostsinorderthattheynolongerhadtobearhunger,”BillYeesaid.ShelleyFisherFishkinishelpingtodirecttheChineseRailroadWorkersinNorthAmericaProjectatStanfordUniversity.Shesaid,“ManyoftheChineseworkerswhocametoworkonthetranscontinentalandotherrailroadsreturnedtoChinaaftertheirworkwasdoneandcreatedfamiliesthere.SomeofthemsettledinAmericaandcreatednewfamilies,buttheyhadfamilieswhotheyleftwhentheycamehereandtheymayhavedescendantsinChina.”Thereisaneedtocreatearecordoftheobjectandspokenhistoryfromthefamiliesoftherailroadworkers.“TheUScouldnothavebecomethemodernindustrialnationwithouttherailroads.AndtherailroadswouldnothavecometogetherwithouttheworkoftheseChineseworkers,”saidShelleyFisherFishkin.1.WhatdoyouknowaboutBillYee?A.Hisfamilywasrichinthe1860’s.B.HisfathersettledintheUSA.C.Heknowslittleabouthisancestorsandhopestoknowmore.D.HisgrandfathercametoAmericawithhisgreat-grandfather.2.AccordingtoBillYee,manyChinesewenttoAmericainthe1860’smainly.A.toruntheirownbusinessesB.tofindtheirancestorsC.tomakealivingD.todiggold93.AccordingtoShelleyFisherFishkin,.A.thedescendantsoftheChineserailroadworkersallliveagoodlifeB.theyexpecttofindallthedescendantsoftheChineserailroadworkersC.someChineserailroadworkershopetheycanfindtheirdescendantsinChinaD.someChineserailroadworkershavedescendantsbothinChinaandtheUS4.WhydidStanfordUniversitycarryouttheproject?A.BecausetheywanttohelptheChineserailroadworkers’descendantstogettogether.B.BecausetheywanttoshowtheimportanceofAmerica’sfirsttranscontinentalrailroad.C.BecausetheywanttolearnmoreabouthowtobuildarailroadinthepastinAmerica.D.BecausetheywantAmericanstoremembertheChineserailroadworkers’roleinUShistory.BTheWorldBankhaslookedatthedistinguishingfeaturesofsuccessfulschoolsystem.AccordingtotheWorldBank’seducationspecialist,HarryPatrinos,thisinclude:improvingthequalityofteachersandmakingsurethatteachersarehighlyregarded;providinginformationtomakeschoolsaccountableandgivingautonomytoschoolsandheadteachers.Thismattersnotonlyforindividualpupilsbutalsoforthewell-beingofcountries,hesays,becauseimprovingeducationalperformancehasadirectimpactonimprovingeconomicperformance.China’seducationperformance—atleastincitiessuchasShanghaiandHongKong—seemstobeasspectacularasthecountry’sfastgrowingeconomy.Certainlyboththeseopenandoutward-lookingcitiesconsidereducationtobeimportantandarewillingtoadoptthebesteducationalpracticesfromaroundtheworldtoensuresuccess.InHongKong,educationaccountsformorethanone-fifthofentiregovernmentspendingeveryyear.“ShanghaiandHongKongaresmalleducationsystems,withaconcentrationofideas,manpowerandresourcesforeducation,”saysProfCheng.Underthebanner“Firstclasscity,firstclasseducation”,Shanghaisetaboutsystematicallyre-equippingclassroom,upgradingschoolsandimprovingthecurriculuminthelastdecade.Itgotridofthe“keyschools”systemwhichconcentratedresourcesonlyontopstudentsandtopschools.Insteadstaffweretrainedinmoreinteractiveteachingmethodsandcomputerswerebroughtin.About80%ofShanghaischoolleaversgotouniversitycomparedtoanoverallaverageof24%inChina.Meanwhile,dynamicHongKongwasforcedintoeducationalimprovementsasitsindustriesmovedtocheapermainlandChineseareasinthe1990s.Itssurvivalasaserviceandmanagementhubdependsonupgradingknowledgeandskills.InthelastdecadeHongKonghasconcentratedonclosingthegapforallstudents,saysareportbyMcKinseymanagementconsultants.Thereport,HowtheWorld’sMostImprovedSchoolSystemsKeepGettingBetter,ratedHongKong’seducationsystemamongthebestintheworld.5.TheWorldBank’ssurveyabouteducationmainlyconcentrateson.A.whathasmadesomeeducationsystemssuccessfulB.China’seducationsystemandcompetitiveexams9C.howtorelieveChinesestudentsoftheirheavyschoolworkD.therelationshipbetweeneducationandeconomicdevelopment6.AccordingtoHarryPatrinos,thekeytosuccessfulschoolsystemsis.A.togiveautonomytoallteacherstoeducatestudentsfreelyinclassB.toletstudentsattendafter-schooltutoringanddomoreexercisesC.toimproveteachers’abilitiesandgiveschoolsfreeperformancerightD.tomakeschooleducationdirectlyservetheeconomyofthecountry7.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat.A.the“keyschool”systemisthekeytomanyschools’failureB.studentsinShanghaiandHongKongworkthehardestC.HongKong’seducationalperformanceisn’tasgoodasShanghai’sD.ShanghaiandHongKong’seconomicperformancewillimprove8.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheschoolsystemsofShanghaiandHongKong?A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Neutral.D.Critical.CAground-basedsystemthatusesmuchstrongersignalsthanGPScanfindyourlocationincitiesandindoors.ItisanewpositioningsystemthatcouldcompetewithGPStomakesureyouneverloseyourdirectionsagain.Insteadofsatellites,Locatausesground-basedequipmenttolauncharadiosignaloveralocalizedareathatisamilliontimesstrongeronarrivalthanGPS.Itcanworkindoorsaswellasoutdoors,andthemakersclaimthereceiverscanbeshrunktofitinsidearegularcellphone.EventheUSmilitary,whichinventedGPStechnology,signedacontractlastmonthagreeingtoalarge-scaletestofLocataattheWhiteSandsMissileRangeinNewMexico.“Thisisoneofthemostimportanttechnologydevelopmentsforthefutureofthepositioningindustry,”saysNunzioGambale,CEOandco-founderofthefirmLocata,basedinGriffith,Australia.AsfortheLocata’saccuracy,ChristopherMorinoftheUSAirForcetesteditrecentlyatWhiteSands,anditworkedtowithin18centimetersalonganyaxis(轴).Morinsaysitshouldbepossibletogettheresolutiondownto5centimeters.Admittedly,thetestswereperformedinanopendesertwhereGPSalsoworksbeautifully,butitssignalsareweak—likeacarheadlightfrom20,000kilometersaway—andeasilyblockedbysolidobjects.“Locata’ssignalisfarstronger,thoughnotguaranteedtoworkinacomplexurbanenvironment,”saysDavidLast,consultanttotheUK’sGeneralLighthouseAuthorities.“Locata’stechnologywillfacecompetitionintheracetotransformindoornavigation.Butitcouldshineinspecificareas,”Gambalesays.“RobotswithLocatacouldeasilynavigateinsidebuildingswithoutthecomplexopticalsystemstheyneedatthemoment.Andprocessthathandlepreciselocationdatacouldnotonlyguideyouaroundamall,railwaystationorairport,butalsotakeyoutotheexactshelfinashopfortheproductyouwant.Theunitssmallandcheapenoughforsmartphonesshouldbeavailablewithinfiveyears—asimilarpathtotheoneGPStookonitswaytowardsworlddomination.”9.Thepassageiswrittenmainlyto.A.encouragepeopletobuytheLocataB.tellusthedisadvantageoftheGPS9C.introduceanewpositioningsystemLocataD.tellusthatLocatawillreplaceGPSoneday10.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutLocataaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Withoutthehelpofthesatellites,Locatacantellyouwhereyouare.B.TheUSmilitaryhastotestitbeforeusingit.C.LocatahasabettersignalthanGPS.D.Locatacanbefixedintosmartphonesonly.11.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtoreplacetheunderlinedwordinParagraph4?A.accuracyB.speedC.determinationD.length12.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweknowaboutGambale?A.HedidtheexperimentatWhiteSands.B.HeisconfidentinLocataandthinkhighlyofit.C.HesaidthatLocatacouldnotworkinacomplexurbanenvironment.D.HeisworriedaboutthecompetitionthatLocatafaces.DEnergyindependence.Ithasaniceringtoit.Doesn’tit?Ifyouthinkso,you’renotalone,becauseenergyindependencehasbeenthedreamofAmericanpresidentfordecades,andnevermoresothaninthepastfewyears,whenthemostrecentoilpriceshockhasbeenpartlyresponsibleforkickingoffthegreatrecession.“Energyindependence”anditsrhetorical(修辞的)companion“energysecurity”are,however,slipperyconceptsthatarerarelythrough,though.Whatisitthatwewantindependencefrom,exactly?Mostpeoplewouldprobablysaythattheywanttobeindependentfromimportedoil.Buttherearereasonsthatwebuyallthatoilfromelsewhere.Thefirstreasonisthatweneedittokeepoureconomyrunning.Yes,thereisatrickle（涓涓细流）ofbiofuel（生物燃料）available,andmoremaybecomeavailable,butmostbiofuelscauseeconomicwasteandenvironmentaldestruction.Second,Americanshavebasicallydecidedthattheydon’treallywanttoproducealltheirownoil.Theyvaluetheenvironmentalqualitytheypreserveovertheiroilimportsfromabroad.VastareasoftheUnitedStatesareoff-limitstooilexplorationandproductioninthenameofenvironmentalprotection.TowhatextentareAmericansreallywillingtoenduretheenvironmentalimpactsofdomesticenergyproductioninordertocutbackimports?Third,therearebenefitstotrade.Itallowsforeconomicefficiency,andwhenwebuythingsfromplacesthathavelowerproductioncoststhanwedo,webenefit.Andalthoughyoudon’treadaboutthismuch,theUnitedStatesisalsoalargeexporterofoilproducts,sellingabout2millionbarrelsofpetroleumproductsperdaytoabout90countries.ThereisnoquestionthattheUnitedStatesimportsagreatdealofenergyand,infact,reliesonthatsteadyflowtomaintainitseconomy.Whenthatflowisinterrupted,wefeelthepaininshortsuppliesandhigherprices,atthesametime,wederivemassiveeconomicbenefitswhenwebuythemostaffordableenergyontheworldmarketandwhenweengageinenergytradearoundtheworld.13.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbiofuels?A.TheykeepAmerica’seconomyrunninghealthily.9B.Theyprovetobeagoodalternativetopetroleum.C.Theydonotprovideasustainableenergysupply.D.Theycauseseriousdamagetotheenvironment.14.WhydoesAmericarelyheavilyonoilimports?A.Itwantstoexpanditsstorageofcrudeoil.B.Itsownoilreservesarequicklyrunningout.C.Itwantstokeepitsownenvironmentintact.D.Itsownoilproductionfallsshortofdemand.15.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutoiltrade?A.Itprovesprofitabletobothsides.B.Itimproveseconomicefficiency.C.Itmakesforeconomicprosperity.D.Itsavesthecostofoilexploration.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Houseworknotgoodexercise,saysstudy16Itevensaidthatpeoplewhodidthemosthouseworkwereusuallythemostoverweight.17Thecontributionofdomesticphysicalactivitytomeetingcurrentrecommendationsforhealth.Itquestionswhetheractivitieslikedo-it-yourself,gardeningandhouseworkaregoodexercise.18butthereisadangerthatpeopleincorrectlythinkhouseworkisproperexercise.Atotalof4,563adultstookasurveyabouttheirweeklyphysicalactivity.19ResearcherProfessorMurphysaidanyphysicalactivityshouldincreasetheamountofcaloriesburnt.20Shesaidhouseworkwas“inverselyrelatedtoleanness”.Shesaidthissuggestedthateitherpeopleoverestimatehowhardhouseworkwasanexercise,ortheyeattoomuchbecausetheythinktheyhavelostlotsofcaloriesdoinghouseholdchores.However,herstudyfoundtheopposite.Peoplewhodohouseworkusuallyeatmore.Anewstudysayshouseworkisnotthequalityexercisemanypeoplethinkitis.Theresearchshowedthatpeoplewhoincludedhouseworkasexercisetendedtobeheavier.ThestudyiscalledDoes“doinghouseworkkeepyouhealthy”?Theythinkdoingexerciseisofgreatbenefittohealthy.Itsaysanyactivityisbetterthannone.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）IthinkI’moneoftheluckiestpeopleintheworldbecauseofthetimeI’mabletospendwithyoungpeoplewhoarenotafraidtoshowtheirexcitementandzestforlife.21,Iwouldpreferapersonwithpassionandenthusiasmtoapersonwith22andtalentanydayoftheweek.Youcanteachanddevelopskills,23youcannotdevelopaloveoflifeandanoptimisticattitude.Theseare24ofapersonandappearatalltimesduringworkorplay.Furthermore,theyaretraitsthatoneisbornwithandtheywillnever25them.9Asa26andanIndependentEducationandCareerPlanningAdvisor,I27toomanychildrenandyoungadultswhoareonaroadtodespairunlesssomeonecanfindawaytochangetheirattitudetowards28andindeedlifeitself!29,societyhasturnedouttoomanychildrenandyoungthatareunwillingtoputmuch30orthoughtintotheirwork.WheneverIcomeacrosssuchpeople—31orold,I’mremindedofaboywhowentwithhismotheronablueberrypickinghikeintothe32.Theboyfilledhis33mostlywithmoss(苔藓)andthencoveredthemosswithathinlayerofblueberriessothatitlooked34.Butthenextmorning,hefoundtheblueberrypiewhichhismother35forhimwasmoss.So36,whetheryouareinschoolor37,ifyouhaveenthusiasmandifyouare38toputinconsistenteffortalongwithpassion,youwillreceivethe39.If,ontheotherhand,youare40andprefertotakeshort-cuts,youshouldnotexpecttoachievethesameresults.21.A.ObviouslyB.PersonallyC.LuckilyD.Quickly22.A.skillsB.ideasC.kindnessD.courage23.A.orB.forC.butD.if24.A.choicesB.requestsC.appearancesD.characters25.A.useB.deserveC.loseD.cherish26.A.journalistB.doctorC.colleagueD.teacher27.A.searchforB.comeacrossC.careaboutD.dependon28.A.learningB.donatingC.speakingD.greeting29.A.EventuallyB.UnfortunatelyC.HopefullyD.Perfectly30.A.equipmentB.informationC.effortD.possession31.A.innocentB.youngC.poorD.stupid32.A.woodsB.cornerC.parkD.market33.A.mouthB.panC.basketballD.hand34.A.deliciousB.beautifulC.cleanD.full35.A.collectedB.bakedC.keptD.bought36.A.promiseB.guessC.rememberD.look37.A.indangerB.indistanceC.inhospitalD.atwork38.A.willingB.confidentC.proudD.careful39.A.cropB.trustC.votesD.rewards40.A.lazyB.busyC.curiousD.stubborn第Ⅱ卷第二节（共10题；每小题1.5，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Thetruth41treesarevitaltoourlifeisnotasecret.Theyprovideuswithfood,woodandmost42(important),oxygen.Nowthereisonemorethingwecanaddtothislist—blockingoutharmfulbacteriafromwater.Thediscovery43(make)byateam44(consist)ofscientistsfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)andhighschoolstudents45wereseekinganaturalwaterfilter—onethatwouldhelpcommunitiesindevelopingcountriesthatdo9nothave46(accessible)tomodernwaterfiltersystems.The47(research),ledbyProfessorRohitKarnik,decidedtoturntotreesforhelpbecausetheycouldallowliquidtoflowthrough,whileblockingoutairbubbles.Theybeganbycutting1.5-inch-widesectionsoftreebarkfromthebranchesofawhitepinetree.Thepeoplerelatedthentestedthewood’sfilteringabilitybypouringwatercontainingreddyeparticlesofdifferentsizesthrough.48theiramazement,theyfoundthatitwaseffectiveintrappingallthearticles.49(encourage),theteamconducted50experiment,thistimewithwaterthatcontainedbacteria.Sureenough,thesapwoodheldback99%ofthebacteria,allowingonly1%toflowthrough.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请修改下面的短文。短文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多着（从第11处起）不计分。InChina,peopleandgiantpandashadbeenlivingtogetherforthousandsofyears.ButChina’shumanpopulationhasbeengreatgrowing.Morepopulationmeansmorelandisneededforfarming.Italsomeanmoreforestsarecutforwoodtobuildandheathouses.Lossofhabitatinlowlandareashasforcedpandasliveonlyinthemountains.Themostdamagedresultofdevelopmenthasbeenthatithasdividedthepanda’shabitatintolittleislandsofforest.Today,manypandaareisolatedinthesesmallsectionsofforest,becauseoftheywillcrossintoareaswhichpeoplelive.Theresultisthatthegiantpandascanconnectwithoneanothertomateandhavebabies.Besides,toourrelief,thereisstillsomegoodnewsthatpeoplearetryingtohelpthegiantpandasbycreatingprotectedareas.第二节书面表达（满分25分）面对繁重的学业负担，很多学生出现了不同程度的心理和身体方面的不适。鉴于此种情况，中学生应该学会放松。假入你是中学生李华，请以HowtoRelaxOurselves为题写一篇文章给《21世纪英语报》投稿内容包括：为什么要学会自我放松；自我放松的途径（如看电视﹑上网﹑体育锻炼﹑旅游等）你更喜欢哪种自我放松方式及原因注意：1.词数120左右；2.文章开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。HowtoRelaxOurselvesFacedwithheavylearningburdens,manyofus9students__________________________________9座位号学校：班级：姓名：考号：请不要在密封线内答题2022年2月甘肃省部分普通高中高三第一次联考英语答题卷第二部分语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5，满分15分）41.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.第三部分写作第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）InChina,peopleandgiantpandashadbeenlivingtogetherforthousandsofyears.ButChina’shumanpopulationhasbeengreatgrowing.Morepopulationmeansmorelandisneededforfarming.Italsomeanmoreforestsarecutforwoodtobuildandheathouses.Lossofhabitatinlowlandareashasforcedpandasliveonlyinthemountains.Themostdamagedresultofdevelopmenthasbeenthatithasdividedthepanda’shabitatintolittleislandsofforest.Today,manypandaareisolatedinthesesmallsectionsofforest,becauseoftheywillcrossintoareaswhichpeoplelive.Theresultisthatthegiantpandascanconnectwithoneanothertomateandhavebabies.Besides,toourrelief,thereisstillsomegoodnewsthatpeoplearetryingtohelpthegiantpandasbycreatingprotectedareas.第三部分写作第二节书面表达（满分25分）HowtoRelaxOurselvesFacedwithheavylearningburdens,manyofusstudents_______________________92022年2月甘肃省部分普通高中高三第一次联考英语参考答案阅读理解：1—4：BCDD5—8：ACDB9—12:CDAB13—15:DCB补全对话答案：16.C17.E18.G19.D20.A完形填空：21—40：BACDCDBABCBACDBCDADA语法语篇填空41.that42.importantly43.wasmade44.consisting45.who46.access47.researchers48.To49.Encouraged50.another改错InChina,peopleandgiantpandashadbeenlivingtogetherforthousandsofyears.ButhaveChina’shumanpopulationhasbeengreatgrowing.Morepopulationmeansmorelandisgreatlyneededforfarming.Italsomeanmoreforestsarecutforwoodtobuildandheathouses.Lossmeansofhabitatinlowlandareashasforcedpandas∧liveonlyinthemountains.Themosttodamagedresultofdevelopmenthasbeenthatithasdividedthepanda’shabitatintolittledamagingislandsofforest.Today,manypandaareisolatedinthesesmallsectionsofforest,becauseofpandasof划掉theywillcrossintoareaswhichpeoplelive.Theresultisthatthegiantpandascanconnectwhere/inwhich/live后加incan’t/cannotwithoneanothertomateandhavebabies.Besides,toourrelief,thereisstillsomegoodnewsHoweverthatpeoplearetryingtohelpthegiantpandasbycreatingprotectedareas.书面表达Facedwithheavylearningburdens,manyofusstudentsoftenfeeltiredbothpsychologicallyandmentally.Ifthesituationcontinues,itwillhaveanegativeinfluenceonourlifeandstudy.Inviewofthis,wearesupposedtolearntorelaxourselves.Asyouknow,therearevariouswaystorelaxourselves,suchaswatchingTV,surfingtheInternet,takingregularexerciseandtraveling.Asforme,IprefersurfingtheInternetinmysparetime.Foronething,theInternetprovidesmewithawiderangeofactivitiesforrelaxation.SometimesIkeeptrackofthelatestnewsasanentertainment.Ialsoplaycomputergamestorelaxmyself.Foranother,theInternetgivesmeeasyaccesstomakingfriendswithpeopleathomeandabroad.Furthermore,thevividpicturesontheInternetcangreatlyrefreshmewhenIfeeltired.
