欢迎来到英语课堂\n走向高考·英语路漫漫其修远兮吾将上下而求索外研版·高考总复习\nModule6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorld必修四第一部分 基础知识聚焦\n基础知识梳理2考点探究演练3单元语法4基础知识巩固5课时作业6话题作文晨诵1\n话题作文晨诵\n话题：自然界的不解之谜很多稀有动物濒临灭绝，那么原因到底是什么呢？请你根据以下提示，写一篇120～150词的短文。关键词语：1．动物不适应环境的变化只是一部分原因，人类的行为是很重要的因素。人类不仅猎杀动物，而且毁掉它们的栖息地。2．研究表明环境的恶化也根源于人类的行为。3．我们对这些问题应感到乐观，毕竟我们的政府已经声称要采取措施保护环境和动物。\nⅠ.头脑风暴，知识链接单词短语1.extinct绝种的2．unpredictable变化莫测的3．attack攻击4．exist存在5．fierce凶猛的6．destruction毁坏7．positive积极的8．claim声称1.dieout灭绝2．adaptoneselfto...使自己适应……3．berelatedto与……有关4．dueto由于5．havea．..reputation有……的名声6．throwlighton帮助弄清楚7．growoutof源于，来自句式1.Asecondreasonisthathumanbeingsevendestroytheirhabitatstomakeafortune.2．Butwearepositiveabouttheproblemsbecauseourgovernmenthasclaimedthatwewilltakemeasurestoprotecttheanimalsandtheenvironment.\nⅡ.范文必背Asweallknow，manyrareanimalsaredyingout.Thereasonwhytheygoextinctmaybethattheycan'tadaptthemselvestotheunpredictableenvironment.ButIthinkitisnotonlyrelatedtotheenvironmentbutalsoduetohumanactivities.Manyanimalsareoftenattackedbyhunterswhoexistonhuntinganimals.Theyhaveabadreputationfortheirfiercebehavior.Asecondreasonisthathamanbeingsevendestroytheirhabitatstomakeafortune.Andmanyresearcheshavethrownlightonthefactthatthedestructionoftheenvironmentoriginallygrowsoutofthehumanactivities.\nButwearepositiveabouttheproblemsbecauseourgovernmenthasclaimedthatwewilltakemeasurestoprotecttheanimalsandtheenvironment.\n基础知识梳理\nⅠ.单词速记核心必记1．________(vt.)袭击；攻击2．________(vt.)声称3．________(adj.)平静的4．________(vt.)占地(多大面积)5．________(n.)名誉；名声6．_________(adj.)吓人的→________(vt.)使害怕→_________(adj.)害怕的；惊吓的；受惊的→________(n.)害怕7．________(vi.)存在→________(n.)存在attackclaimcalmcoverreputationfrighteningfrightenfrightenedfrightexistexistence\n8．________(adj.)锋利的；尖的→________(vt.)使锋利；削尖9．________(adj.)不可能的→________(adj.)(反义词)可能的10．________(vi.)适应；适合→________(adj.)适应性强的→________(n.)适应11．________(n.)运气；命运；财富→________(adj.)幸运的→________(adv.)幸运地12．________(vi.)不见；消失→________(vi.)(反义词)出现sharpsharpenunlikelylikelyadaptadaptableadaptationfortunefortunatefortunateydisappearappear\n高频必知13．________(adj.)怀疑的；不相信的14．________(n.)表面；水面15．________(adj.)有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的16．________(adj.)正面的17．________(adj.)绝种的；消亡了的→________(n.)消失；灭绝18．________(n.)毁坏→__________(adj.)破坏性的；毁灭性的→________(vt.)破坏；消灭；毁坏19．________(vt.)象征；暗示→________(n.)指示；象征20．________(n.)身份；特性→________(vt.)确定；辨别scepticalsurfacegenerouspositiveextinctextinctiondestructiondestructivedestroyindicateindicationidentityidentify\nⅡ.短语互译1．接近，靠近____________________2．伸出____________________3．对……怀疑____________________4．与……有关____________________5．适应____________________6．dieout____________________7．cutoff____________________8．throwlighton____________________9．comestraighttothepoint____________________10．dueto____________________goclosetostickoutbescepticalaboutberelatedtoadaptto灭绝切断，使隔绝帮助弄清楚；阐明某事谈正题；开门见山由于；因……造成\n情景活用选用上面的单词或短语的适当形式填空①A________(尖的)thing________(伸出)ofwaterand________(破坏)the________(平静的)________(水面),whichwas________(吓人的).________(幸运的),whenit________(靠近)thebank,it________(消失了)verysoon.②________(由于)________________(阐明)hisnewfinancialpolicies,this________(有雅量的)ministerwonagood________(名声).He________(声称)tobringmore________(财富)topeople.答案：①sharp;stuckout;destroyed;calmsurface;frightening;Fortunately;wentcloseto;disappeared②Duetothrowinglighton;generous;reputation;claimed;fortune\nⅢ.典句析练1．Heclaims____________aroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.他声称看见过一个黑黑的、圆圆的东西在水中快速游动。[解析]tohaveseen是动词不定式的完成形式，表示动作发生在谓语动词claim之前。[仿写]他认为没有邀请我们参加晚会是个遗憾。Hethoughtitapity______________toattendtheparty.\n2．Theysawthatthelawtemperaturelake____________abletosupportsuchlargelivingcreatures.他们说，温度低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的生物。[解析]beunlikelytodosth.“做某事是不可能的”。[仿写]他们未必会来，因为天气这么糟糕。They________________sincetheweatherissobad.\n3．Othermembersoftheroyalfamilywereallowedtoweardragonsymbols,too,butwithfewerclawsand______________.也允许皇室的其他成员穿带有龙标志的袍子，但袍子上龙的爪子少了并且颜色也不同。[解析]beofadifferentcolour是“be＋of＋名词”结构，表示主语的“类属或属性”。[仿写]你的朋友可能会有许多不同的类型。Yourfriendsmaybe________________.答案：1.tohaveseen；nottohaveinvitedus2.isunlikelytobe；areunlikelytocome3.ofadifferentcolour；ofmanydifferentkinds\nⅣ.课文回顾The“MonsterofLakeTianchi”isbackinthenewsafterseveralrecent__(1)__.Althoughnoonereallygotaclearlookatthe__(2)__creature,alocalphotographer__(3)__thatitsheadlookedlikeahorse.Agroupofsoldierssaidthattheysawananimalmovingonthe__(4)__ofthewater.AthirdreportcamefromLiXiaohe,whosaidthathecouldseethemonsterclearlybecausethelakewas__(5)__.TherehavebeenreportsofmonstersinLakeTianchi__(6)__thebeginningofthelastcentury.Manypeoplethinkthatthemonstermaybea__(7)__cousinoftheLochNessmonsterinScotland.Theyalsothinkthattheremightbe__(8)__creaturesinotherlakesaroundtheworld.However,scientistsare__(9)__.Theysaythatthelowtemperaturelakeis__(10)__tobeabletosupportsuchlargelivingcreatures.\n(1)________(2)________(3)________(4)________(5)________(6)________(7)________(8)________(9)________(10)________答案：(1)sightings(2)mysterious(3)claimed(4)surface(5)calm(6)since(7)distant(8)similar(9)sceptical(10)unlikely\n考点探究演练\n1.attackvt.袭击；攻击；(疾病)侵袭n．攻击；进攻；病情发作[填空→激活知识]①He________thepress________misleadingthepublic.他抨击新闻界误导公众。②Theystartedto________________________________eachother________sharpwords.＝Theystartedto________________eachother________sharpwords.他们开始用激烈的言语相互攻击。答案：①attacked；for②makeanattackagainst/on,with；attackagainst/on；with\n[知识拓展](1)attacksb.forsth.由于某事而责难某人attacksb.withsth.用……攻击某人attackon/against向……攻击(2)makeanattackon/upon/against攻击……；抨击……underattack受到攻击TheystoodbymewhenIcameunderattack.当我受到攻击时，他们支持我。\n[知识拓展](1)attacksb.forsth.由于某事而责难某人attacksb.withsth.用……攻击某人attackon/against向……攻击(2)makeanattackon/upon/against攻击……；抨击……underattack受到攻击TheystoodbymewhenIcameunderattack.当我受到攻击时，他们支持我。\n2．existvi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在[填空→激活知识]①Manymaterialscan________________avarietyofsolidforms.许多物质可以以不同的固体形态存在。②________________manyancienttemplesinthecountry.那个国家有很多古老的寺庙。答案：①existin②Thereexist\n[知识拓展](1)existin存在于existon＝liveon靠……生存；靠……生活Thereexist(s)．..有……。(2)existence存在；生存；生活(be)inexistence现存的；存在comeintoexistence开始存在(2013·四川高考)I'mluckybecauseIknowmyfirsthomestillexists.Itexistsinmymindandheart.我很幸运，因为我知道我最初的家还存在。它存在于我的头脑和心中。\n3．adaptv．适应；适合；改编；改写[填空→激活知识]①Weshould________________________thechangedconditions.我们应当使自己适应变化了的情况。②Thenewstudentsareveryslowto________________therules.新生对于那些规定适应得很慢。③Thefilm________________________anovelwrittenbyafamouswriter.这部电影是根据一位著名作家写的一部小说改编的。答案：①adaptourselvesto②adaptto③wasadaptedfrom\n[构建→导图助记]\n[真题寻踪](2014·江西·D)Whenweacceptprogressandadaptittosuitourneeds,anew“past”iscreated.当我们接受进展并调整它来适应我们的需要，一个新的“过去”产生了。\n4．indicatevt.表明；显示；象征[填空→激活知识]①Thelightabovetheelevator________thattheelevatorwasthenatthefifteenthfloor.电梯上方的灯指示那时电梯在十五楼。②Thereare________thattheweatherischanging.有好些迹象显示天气要变了。答案：①indicated②indications\n[构建→导图助记]\n注意：indicate后接双宾语时，sb.前需加介词to，即：indicatesth.tosb.，而不可说成indicatesb.sth.。WithanodofhisheadheindicatedtomewhereIshouldsit.他点头示意我应坐的地方。[真题寻踪](2014·江西·D)Progressindicatesaperson'sabilitytochangethewayheislivingatthemoment.进步表明一个人改变他目前生活方式的能力。\n5.dieout灭绝；(习俗、习惯等)消失[填空→激活知识]①Asaresult,theseendangeredanimalsmayeven________________.结果，这些濒临危险的动物甚至可能会灭绝。②Thatstyleofmusic________________tenyearsago.那种风格的音乐10年前就消失了。答案：①dieout②diedout\n[知识链接]dieaway(声音或感情等)慢慢变弱，渐渐消失diedown(风或噪音等)渐弱；逐渐平息dieoff先后死去；一一死去dieof/from...死于……diefor为……而死；渴望\n6．dueto由于；因……造成；应支付/归于某人[填空→激活知识]①Thecaraccidentwas________________________________.这场车祸是粗心驾驶造成的。②Theteam'ssuccesswaslargely______________________________.这个队的成功主要归功于她的努力。③Whatistheamount________________you?欠你多少钱？答案：①duetocarelessdriving②duetoherefforts③dueto\n[知识拓展]dueadj.欠款的；预定的；到期的beduetodosth.预期做某事，预定要做某事beduetosth./sb.归因于某事/某人；欠某人……bedueforsth.应有；应得到提示：dueto表示“由于，因……造成”时，其中的to为介词；当dueto表示“即将/预期将……；应支付”时，to为动词不定式符号。ProfessorSmithisduetogiveusalectureateighttomorrowmorning.史密斯教授预定明天上午8点给我们做演讲。\n7.Theysaythatthelowtemperaturelakeisunlikelytobeabletosupportsuchlargelivingcreatures.他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。[填空→激活知识]①Thechildwhorebels__________________________.叛逆的孩子不太可能被忽视。\n②Ifanuclearwareverbreaksout,___________mostpeoplewillsurvive.＝Ifanuclearwareverbreaksout,mostpeoplewill________________.如果核战争爆发，绝大部分的人都不可能幸存。答案：①isunlikelytobeoverlooked②itisunlikelythatbeunlikelytosurvive\n[知识拓展](1)主语(具体人/物)＋be＋(un)likelytodosth.(2)It(形式主语)＋be＋(un)likely＋thatclause(2013·浙江高考)Beforeyoustart,itseemsthatthetaskisunlikelytobeaccomplished.在你开始之前，似乎任务不可能完成。\n单元语法\n语法填空1．—Didyouleaveyourumbrellaatthemarket?—Yes,I________.答案：did。2．(2015·黑龙江哈尔滨四校高三统一检测改编)Look!Therearesomanymistakesinyourcomposition.You________havefixedfullattentiononit.答案：should句意：看！你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做实际上没有做”应该用shouldhavedone结构。\n3．(2015·河南开封高三第一次模拟改编)—DidAnnfailinEnglish?—She________.Don'tyounoticethatshelooksdepressed?答案：mayhave——“Ann英语考试没及格吗？”——“可能是。难道你没看到她看上去很沮丧吗？”may意为“可能，也许”，常用在肯定句中，表示推测。再根据句意可知空处表示对已发生的事情的推测，应用情态动词的完成时，其省略形式要保留have。\n4．(2015·山西高三上学期诊断改编)Honey,youneedn't________alcoholfortheyhavestoppeddrinking.(buy)答案：havebought亲爱的，你本来没有必要买酒的，因为他们已经不喝了。根据句中的“theyhavestoppeddrinking”可知应选needn'thavebought，表示“本来没有必要买的”。\n5．(2015·河南三地高三调研改编)—ItisapitythatyoumissedthelecturebyMaYun.—Iwould________(attend)it,butIwasbusypreparingareport.答案：haveattended句意：——“真遗憾你错过了马云的演讲。”——“我本来要去听演讲的，只是当时忙着准备一份报告”。此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故用wouldhavedone结构。\n1.(安徽高考改编)Chinahasgotagood________forfightingagainstthefluwithitscarefulandsmoothorganization.答案：reputation考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国以其精心且顺利的组织抗击流感而得到了好评。reputation“名誉，名声”。根据句意，只能用reputation。2．(浙江高考改编)Thereisagreatdealofevidence________thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.(indicate)答案：indicating句意：有很多证据表明音乐活动涉及大脑不同的部位。indicate“表明”，与evidence之间为主谓关系，故用v.ing形式。\n基础知识巩固（点此链接）\n课时作业（点此链接）\n
