动词的时态和语态（测试时间：40分钟，总分：60分）班级：____________姓名：____________座号：____________得分：____________I.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)1.（2022·新课标卷I）I__________(work)withVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.2.（2022·新课标卷I·语法填空）Whenfatandsalt(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.3.（2022·新课标卷II·语法填空）Steamengines_____(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.4.（2022·新课标卷II）Scientists__________(find)thatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.5.（2022·新课标卷II）Inventors_________(try)tomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.6.ItwasraininglightlywhenI________(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.7.Hesoldorexchangedsomeofthemilkinthetownsnearbyforotherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhat________(leave)．8.Whilemakinggreateffortstorunaway，she________(fall)overthehillanddied.9.Itisreportedthataspacestation________(build)onthemooninyearstocome.10.Inthelastfewyears，China________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.【参考答案】1.work2.areremoved3.wereused4.havefound5.havebeentrying6.arrived 7.wasleft 8.fell 9.willbebuilt 10.hasmade Ⅱ.单项填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)-12-\n从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Assoonashecomesback,I'lltellhimwhen___________andseehim.A.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucome【答案】A【解析】考查时态和语序。分析可知，when所引导的是宾语从句而不是状语从句，表示将来的意义，要用将来时态，而且用陈述语序。故选A。2.—Phew!Haveyoubeensmokingagain?Yourbreathsmellsterrible.—Well,I__________acigaretteinthecaronthewayhome.A.hadhadB.hadC.amhavingD.willhave【答案】B3.Mr.Wanggaveusalecturetheotherday,ofwhichmost_________abouthowtheancientcitywasdiscovered.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.havebeen【答案】A【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：不久前的一天王老师给我们做了一个讲座，其中大部分是关于这座古城是如何被发现的。根据句意可知此处应用一般过去时，且非限制性定语从句的主语mostofwhich中的which代指先行词alecture，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式was，故选A。4.Nowtheworld’sattention________thestockingmarkets,astheyhavegreatinfluenceontheworld’seconomy.A.isfixingonB.isbeingfixedonC.hasfixedonD.hadbeenfixedon【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句子主语theworld’sattention与fix-12-\non之间是被动关系，故排除A、C两项；再根据Now可知，应用现在进行时的被动语态。句意：现在，全世界的注意力都集中在股市上，因为它们对世界经济的影响是巨大的。故选B。5.–Nancydoesn’tlookverywell.What’swrongwithher?--Shehasaterribleheadachebecauseshe__________toolong.Sheshouldstoptohaveagoodrest.A.hasbeenworkingB.hadworkedC.isworkingD.wasworking【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：——Nancy看起来不舒服。她怎么了？——因为她写东西时间太长了，一直头疼。她应该停下来休息一下。从Sheshouldstoptohaveagoodrest.可知，她从过去到现在一直在工作，可能还要继续下去，应该用现在完成进行时。故选A。6.Helen______herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband______home.A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome【答案】C7.Silk___________oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.A.hadbecomeB.wasbecomingC.hasbecomeD.isbecoming【答案】A【解析】考查过去完成时。句意:到大约公元前100年,丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上最主要的交易商品之一。根据句意及byabout100BC可知,become的动作发生在过去的过去,故选过去完成时。8.—Hi,Lily.Don’tforgettowatchI’maSingerat20:10thisFriday!—Whatapity!I___________inaplanetoHainanforameetingthen.A.willsitB.willbesittingC.amsittingD.sit-12-\n【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：——喂，Lily。不要忘了观看本周五晚上八点十分的《我是歌手》!——太可惜啦!那时我正坐着飞往海南的飞机去开会呢。根据then可知此处为将来时，联系上句中的时间状语可推知，这里表示在将来某个时间正在进行的动作，故用将来进行时，故答案为B。9.—Hi,Mr.Smith.Whichdepartmentdoyouworkin?—IamintheMarketingDepartmentnow,butI___________intheSalesDepartmentbeforelong.A.workedB.willworkC.haveworkedD.willhaveworked【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：——你好,Smith先生。你在哪个部门工作?——我现在在市场部，但我不久就要到销售部工作。根据beforelong推知此处表将来的动作，故选项B正确。10.—Whatwereyouuptowhenyourparentscamein?—I_________and__________somereading.A.wasplaying;wasgoingtodoB.played;didC.haveplayed;wasgoingtodoD.hadplayed;did【答案】AIII.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofdietplan.z*xxkOpenthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessself-conscious(难为情)whenthey’reinpoorlylitplaces-andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn’thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.-12-\nMindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint,goblue.Don’tforgettheclock-ortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou’reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown,turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintake(摄入)jumpsby14percent.Andwe’llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatall,skinnyglass.1.Thetextisespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhocareabout_______.A.theirhomecomfortsB.theirbodyshapeC.housebuyingD.healthydiets2.Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople_________.A.digestfoodbetterB.reducefoodintakeC.burnmorecaloriesD.regaintheirappetites3.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoatmealtimes?A.Eatquickly.B.Playfastmusic.C.Usesmallerspoons.D.Turndownthelights.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsYourHouseMakingYouFat?B.WaysofServingDinnerC.EffectsofSelf-ConsciousnessD.IsYourHomeEnvironmentRelaxing?【文章大意】文章讲述了如何科学的设计自己的房间内部的颜色、装饰等来达到减少食物的摄入量，从而让自己保持自己喜欢的体形。-12-\n4.A【解析】标题推断题。本文分析了我们如何通过改善室内的陈述及就餐时的器具等来达到节食的目的，故A项符合题意。IV.完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutine(常规)basis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis 1 atworkinpeopleofall 2 .Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout 3 withtheirnewtoys.Buttheir 4 soonwearsoffandbyJanuarythose 5 toyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement.Theworldisfullof 6 stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone's 7 interest.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchild 8 bathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,the 9 ofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.Adolescentsenterhighschoolwithgreat 10 butaresoonlookingforwardto 11 .Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtocollege.Andthen,howmany 12 ,whonowcomplain(抱怨)aboutthelongdrivestowork, 13 droveforhoursatatimewhentheyfirst 14 theirdriver'slicenses(执照)?Beforepeopleretire,theyusually 15 todoalotof 16 things,whichtheyneverhad 17 todowhileworking.But 18 afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobsthey 19 .And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfornew 20 .1.A.principleB.habitC.wayD.power-12-\n2.A.partiesB.racesC.countriesD.ages3.A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going4.A.confidenceB.interestC.anxietyD.sorrow5.A.sameB.extraC.funnyD.expensive6.A.well-organizedB.colorfully-printedC.newly-collectedD.half-filled7.A.broadB.passingC.differentD.main8.A.silentlyB.impatientlyC.gladlyD.worriedly9.A.promiseB.burdenC.rightD.game10.A.courageB.calmnessC.confusionD.excitement11.A.graduationB.independenceC.responsibilityD.success12.A.childrenB.studentsC.adultsD.retirees13.A.carefullyB.eagerlyC.nervouslyD.bravely14.A.requiredB.obtainedC.noticedD.discovered15.A.needB.learnC.startD.plan16.A.greatB.strangeC.difficultD.correct17.A.timeB.moneyC.skillsD.knowledge18.A.onlyB.wellC.evenD.soon-12-\n19.A.lostB.choseC.leftD.quit20.A.petsB.toysC.friendsD.colleagues【文章大意】本文通过举例说明这样一个道理：各种形式的活动，如果人们经常做，都会产生厌倦情绪。1.A其实，我们可从各年龄段的人们身上看到这个准则是如何起作用的。第一段的第一句出现短语Asageneralrule，本空填principle呼应名词rule。2.D各年龄段的人都会产生厌倦情绪。从下文可知，孩子厌倦玩具、少年厌倦高中、青年厌倦大学、成年人厌倦开车、老年人厌倦退休后的生活。因此本空填ages。3.C在圣诞节早上，孩子们一开始很喜欢玩(playing)他们的新玩具。4.B但是，不久他们对新玩具的兴趣(interest)逐渐消失了。5.A到了一月，同样的(same)玩具再也不能吸引孩子们了，他们就把那些玩具收起来了。6.D生活中满是装满一半(half-filled)邮票的集邮册和没有完工的模型。后文的＂unfinished＂是关键信息。13.B而当他们刚刚拿到驾照时，他们翘首企盼(eagerly)一次开好几个小时。eagerly＂渴望地＂，符合文意。14.Bobtain＂得到＂。这里指考取驾照。15.D在退休前，人们通常计划(plan)做很多事情。16.A这些事情是他们上班时没有时间做的大事(greatthings)。17.A参见上题解析。他们上班太忙了，没有时间(time)做这些事情。18.D但是，退休后不久(soon)，像打高尔夫、钓鱼、阅读及其他所有的消遣方式都变得没有意思了。-12-\n19.C那些消遣方式就像他们刚离开(leave)的工作一样，非常乏味。20.B这些退休老人遭遇的处境，就像一月的孩子一样，开始找新玩具(toys)，寻求刺激了。V.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Gettingfitnolonger 1 (require)apencil-and-paperworkoutplanorafooddiary.Ifyou'relookingforsomenewand 2 (create)waystoimproveyourhealth,tryFitTime.It'slikeyourpersonaltrainer.After 3 (get)alltheinformationitneeds-yourheight,weight,age,andexercisehabits-itgivesyouacustomizedtrainingcourse, 4 asksyoutoworkoutfourtimesaweekforabouttwo 5 (month).Theexercisesfocus 6 adifferentpartofyourbodyeveryday.Forinstance,onMonday,youdopush-ups(俯卧撑)tobuildupyourarms,andonTuesday,youbuildup 7 (strong)inyourlegsbydoingdeepkneebends. 8 exerciseplanchangesastimegoesby.Thebestpartofthisappisthateveryonecanshare 9 (they)workoutresultsandfollowtheirtraining.Itisagreatwayforyouandyourfriends 10 (encourage)eachothertobuildstrongbodies.【文章大意】本文介绍了一个帮助减肥的手机app。1.requires【解析】考查时态。动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，而且讲的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故填requires。Zxx*k2.creative【解析】考查形容词。修饰名词用形容词，故填creative。3.getting-12-\n7.strength【解析】考查名词。此处应该用strong的名词形式作宾语，故填strength。8.The【解析】考查定冠词。前面已经出现了一次plan，此处表示特指，故填The。9.their【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。此处修饰workoutresults用形容词性物主代词，故填their。10.toencourage【解析】考查不定式。Itisawayforsbtodo结构，应该用不定式作定语，故填toencourage。VI.短文改错(每小题1分，共10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。WhenMolly'sfatherwasabouttowork,hisdaughterMolly,aged8,handhimabag.Thefatherwasinhurrysohedidn'tknowwhatwasinside.Whilehavinglunch,hetookoutthecontents: aplasticdinosaur, atinyseashellandthreesmallstone.Thebusyfathersmiled,finishedeating,andsweepingthedeskcleanintothe-12-\ndustbinincludeMolly'sjunk.Thisevening,Mollywantedherbagbackbecauseshehadnotmadeanoteintoit:Iloveyou,Daddy.Thefatherwenttohisofficehurried,carryingthejunkhome.HeaskedMollytotellheraboutthejunk.Itwasturnedoutthateverythinginthebaghadastory.ToMollytheywerenotjunkandtreasures!【答案】WhenMolly'sfatherwasabouttowork,hisdaughterMolly,aged8, himabag.Thefatherwasin hurrysohedidn'tknowwhatwasinside.Whilehavinglunch,hetookoutthecontents: aplasticdinosaur, atinyseashellandthreesmall .Thebusyfathersmiled,finishedeating,and thedeskcleanintothedustbin Molly'sjunk. evening,Mollywantedherbagbackbecauseshehadnotmadeanoteintoit:Iloveyou,Daddy.Thefatherwenttohisoffice ,carryingthejunkhome.HeaskedMollytotell aboutthejunk.It turnedoutthateverythinginthebaghadastory.ToMollytheywerenotjunk treasures!【解析】第一处：由前面的was判断此处用一般过去时，故把hand改为handed。第二处：inahurry是固定搭配，表示＂匆忙＂，故在hurry前加a。第三处：由前面的three可知，此处用可数名词复数，故把stone改为stones。第四处：此处与前面的smiled,finished是一系列的动作，也应该是用一般过去时，故把sweeping改为swept。第五处：由句子结构可知此处使用介词including，表示＂包括＂，故把include改为including。第六处：此处表示＂那天晚上＂，故把This改为That。第七处：修饰动词went用副词，故把hurried改为hurriedly。第八处：此处指代主语he，故把her改为him。-12-\n第九处：Itturnedoutthat表示＂结果是、被证明是＂，故把was去掉。第十处：此处表示语义的转折，故把and改为but。-12-
