Unit2Robots李仕才***阅读理解。Despitebeingusedby1.34billionpeopleeachyear，travelingontheTubeinLondoncanactuallybequitelonely.Onecitizen，however，istryingtochangethis.“YougetontheTubeandit’scompletelysilentandit’sweird，”saysJonathanDunne，whohasstartedaworldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withthewords“Tubechat？”lastmonth，encouragingpassengersinLondontogettalkingtooneanother.“Ihandedout500badgesduringrushhourinacityof8million，expectingmostofthemtobethrownaway，butafterabout24hoursitcompletelysnowballed，”hesays.Dunneandhis“Tubechat”campaignhavesincebeenreportedbymediaacrosstheworld，seeingTVinterviewsinSweden,BrazilandtheU．K.，aswellascountlesswebsite，newspaperandmagazineappearances.AlthoughDunnesayshe’sreceivedmostlypositivefeedback，noteveryoneagreeswithhisidea.LondonerBrianWilsonrespondedwithacampaignofhisown，handingout500badgeswiththewords“Don’teventhinkaboutit”onthem.MichaelRobinson，24，astudentfromLondon，agrees.“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoandfromwork.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeoplecomingupandchattingtoyou，”hesays.“PeopleassumethatIjustwalkupandtalktostrangers,whichIdon’t，butit’sbeenagreatwaytomeetpeopleyouwouldneverhavenormallyspokento，”Dunnesays.SoifyoueverendupusingpublictransportintheWest,whynotsayhellotothepersonnexttoyou？Justmakesuretocheckforabadgefirst.【解题导语】 每年乘坐伦敦地铁的乘客众多，可是人们仍然感到孤独；为此JonathanDunne发起了一个旨在鼓励乘客相互交谈的运动，此举引起了世界媒体的关注。尽管如此，人们对此仍有不同的态度。1．HowdidDunneencourageLondonpassengerstotalkwitheachother?A．ByputtinguppostersontheTube.8\nB．Byadvocatinghisideaonthemedia.C．Byofferingpassengersspecialbadges.D．Bystartingadialoguewithpassengers.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“whohasstartedaworldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withthewords‘Tubechat？’”可知，Dunne给乘客们分发写着“Tubechat？”的徽章来鼓励乘客聊天，故C项正确。2．HowisDunne’scampaigngettingalong?A．Ithascaughtinternationalattention.B．Ithasbecomeaworldwidecampaign.C．Mostpassengershaverefusedtoacceptit.D．Wilsonhasmadegreateffortstopromoteit.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘Tubechat’campaignhavesincebeenreportedbymediaacrosstheworld,seeingTVinterviewsinSweden,BrazilandtheU．K.,aswellascountlesswebsite,newspaperandmagazineappearances”可知，Dunne和他的“Tubechat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注，故A项正确。3．AccordingtoMichaelRobinson，whatshouldTubepassengersdo?A．Handintheirfeedbackintime.B．Walkupandtalktostrangers.C．Stopusingpublictransport.D．Enjoythepeacequietly.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoandfromwork.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeoplecomingupandchattingtoyou”可知，MichaelRobinson认为乘伦敦地铁是人们上下班时享受安静的时刻，而不是交谈的时刻，故D项正确。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TubeChatorNotB．LonelyTravelintheLondonTubeC．SilenceontheTubeD．TubePassengersWearingBadgesA 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第二段介绍Dunne和他的“Tube8\nchat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注；第三段介绍一些人持不同的观点；最后一段建议如果要跟陌生人打招呼，先看看他有没有徽章。据此可以判断，文章主要介绍了人们对于是否在伦敦地铁相互交谈持不同的观点，故A项最能概括文意。***语法填空。ResidentsofatowninJapanhavebrokentheworldrecordforbuildingsnowmen.Around630citizensattheIiyamaSnowFestival__1__(make)1,585snowmeninonehour.The__2__(early)recordwas1,279snowmen,__3__wassetin2022.Theeventcoincidedwiththeopeningof__4__newbullettrainstation.JustinPatterson,thejudgefromtheGuinnessWorldRecordsorganization,saidtheeventwasawonderfuloccasion.Hesaid__5__thetownwasbeingburiedinsnow,theresidentsdealtwiththechallengetogetherinapositivelight.Therewerestrictrulesfortherecord__6__(break).Onewasthateachsnowmanhadtobeover80cmtall.They__7__bemadeofthreeseparatesnowballs,witheyes,anoseandarms.Peopleusedonlytheirhandstomake__8__.CommitteememberJiroKobayashitoldtheAsahiShimbunnewspaperthattheeventsuitedtheopeningofthebullettrainstation.Hesaidthatthankstothe__9__(cooperate)ofmanypeople,therecordwasbroken.Hesaidtheeventadded__10__thecelebrationsoftheopeningofthebullettrainstation.However,manypeoplesaidthatitwasatoughthingtodobecausethesnowdidn'tsticktogether.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________篇章导读：本文为一篇说明文。在日本的一个小镇，人们在一个小时内堆了1585个雪人，打破了先前创造的一个小时内堆1279个雪人的纪录。1．made考查动词的时态。堆雪人是过去发生的事，所以用一般过去时。2．earlier考查形容词的比较级。此处指一个小时内堆1,279个雪人是早前的纪录，和1,585的记录进行比较，故空格处用比较级。3．which考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为record，指物，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。4．a考查冠词。此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。5．although/though考查连词。根据语境可知，空格处应用连词although/though引导让步状语从句，指“虽然小镇被雪覆盖，但居民们还是情绪高涨，共同迎接挑战”。6．tobebroken8\n考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处说的是“将被打破的纪录”，故用不定式表示将来发生的动作，又因逻辑主语record是不定式动作的承受者，所以用不定式的被动式。7．must/should考查情态动词。此处指“雪人必须/应该由三个独立的雪球组成”，故用must/should。8．them考查代词。此处指代人们堆的雪人，且作make的宾语，故用them。9．cooperation考查词性转换。此处指“幸好有许多人的合作”，且空处位于定冠词之后，故用名词形式cooperation。10．to考查介词。addto为固定用法，意为“增加；增添”。***完形填空。Hello,Mr.WiFi.Lifewithoutyouisnexttoimpossiblenow.We'rehappytosingyournamefrommorningtillevening,sometimestilldawn.__1__Iknowyouhelpme,sometimesyou'remakingmedothingswith__2__attention.ManytimesIpromisemyselfthatI'll__3__myfeelingstowardsyou,butyou're__4__mecloserandcloser...You'veenteredbothmyhomeandmy__5__.You'rejustawindowforour__6__andinformation.Butwepeoplearen't__7__onlywiththewindow.Soweopenallour__8__foryou.Isthisa(n)__9__orsomekindofattachment?Ifthisisanillness,isitcurable?Andifthisisanattachmentwillyou__10__metothelifelongtogetherness?Wewantyou24/7.Can'tyoutakeafewdaysoffsothatbothyouandIcan__11__？You'reapoison—notaslowonebutasuper__12__poisonwhichholdsourmindandmakesusdance__13__itstune.Nowadaysyou'reso__14__thatanyonecanbuyandmakeyouour__15__.You'llneverbebotheredaboutourhealthbutwe'll__16__beconcernedaboutyour“health”.Becauseyouaccompanyuseverywhereandneverletusbealone.Ifyouwerea__17__personmadeoffleshandblood(血肉之躯)wouldweloveyouthesame?You__18__uswithyournumeroustalentsandweevencan'tgetridofyou.We'reallyou__19__.SometimesIwonderhowpeopleinthepreviousgenerations__20__，butiftheydidwhycan'twe?1．A.NowthatB．OnlyifC．ThoughD．When2．A.praisedB．increasedC．focusedD．divided3．A.keepinB．bringbackC．approveofD．giveup8\n4．A.drawingB．pushingC．forcingD．observing5．A.spaceB．soulC．societyD．workplace6．A.entertainmentB．argumentC．expansionD．struggle7．A.strictB．satisfiedC．generousD．busy8．A.thoughtsB．eyesC．exitsD．doors9．A.diseaseB．inspirationC．routineD．phenomenon10．A.recommendB．instructC．commitD．adapt11．A.persistB．relaxC．progressD．balance12．A.rawB．ambiguousC．strongD．fast13．A.toB．againstC．fromD．within14．A.affordableB．valuableC．conventionalD．attractive15．A.additionB．expertC．companionD．instrument16．A.sometimesB．alwaysC．neverD．seldom17．A.selfishB．dishonestC．responsibleD．real18．A.controlB．scoldC．comfortD．challenge19．A.friendsB．slavesC．colleaguesD．employers20．A.sufferedB．connectedC．survivedD．surfed8\n【解题导语】作者用诙谐的语气质问WiFi，这呈现了现代人的一种通病，那就是对无线网络的依赖。1．C 根据语境可知，虽然(Though)作者知道WiFi帮助了自己，但是正是WiFi的特殊作用让作者在做事情的时候会分心。2．D 参见上题解析。3．A 根据语境可知，作者很多次都对自己承诺说要抑制(keepin)自己对WiFi的情感。bringback“使回忆起，使想起”；approveof“同意，赞成”；giveup“放弃”。4．A 根据语境可知，此处形象生动地表现了作者不能抗拒WiFi对自己的吸引。draw“吸引”符合语境。force“强迫，迫使”；observe“观察”。5．B WiFi进入了作者的家和灵魂中。下文中的“holdsourmind”是关键提示。6．A WiFi(本来)只是我们娱乐(entertainment)和获取信息的窗口。argument“争论”；expansion“扩张”；struggle“斗争，奋斗”。7．B 根据上文的“You'rejustawindowforour...information”以及“But”所表示的转折关系可知，此处表示人们并不满足于(satisfied)WiFi仅仅是个“窗口(window)”。strict“严格的”；generous“慷慨的”。8．D 此处表示人们将WiFi的作用扩大化，不仅仅满足于其作为窗口的作用，而是将所有的“门(doors)”打开迎接WiFi。某种程度上而言，door是window的“升级版”。9．A 结合下文中的“anillness”可知，作者疑惑的是自己和其他人对WiFi如此依赖的现象是否是一种病(disease)。inspiration“灵感”；routine“惯例”；phenomenon“现象”。10．C 如果对WiFi的情感是一种依赖的话，WiFi能保证与作者一生都亲密无间吗？commit意为“保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等)，承诺”，符合语境。recommend“推荐”；instruct“教导”；adapt“适应”。11．B WiFi不能给自己放几天假以便它和作者都能放松(relax)一下吗？persist“坚持”；progress“发展、(使)进步”；balance“平衡”。12．D 根据本句中的“notaslowone”可知，WiFi并不是慢性毒药，而是快速起效的毒药，故用fast与slow形成对比。raw“不熟练的”；ambiguous“含糊不清的”。13．A WiFi是一种能控制人们的思想并使人们随着它的音调起舞的毒药。danceto表示“随着……跳舞”。14．A 根据下文中的“anyonecanbuy”可知，如今WiFi的价格是如此低廉以至于任何人都能买到，并使其成为人们的伴侣。affordable“支付得起的，不算太贵的”；valuable“有价值的”；conventional“传统的”；attractive“有吸引力的”。15．C 参见上题解析。下文中的“Becauseyouaccompanyuseverywhereandneverletusbe8\nalone”亦是提示。addition“加，添加”；companion“伴侣，伙伴”；instrument“工具”。16．B 毫无生命的WiFi是决不会在意其用户的健康的，但是用户们会一直担心WiFi的“健康”，此处用always与上文的“never”形成对比，强调人们对WiFi的在意程度。17．D 根据下文中的“personmadeoffleshandblood(血肉之躯)”可知，作者想知道如果WiFi成为拥有血肉之躯的真实的人，人们是否会一样喜欢它。selfish“自私的”；dishonest“不诚实的”；responsible“负责任的”。18．A 根据上文作者介绍的人们对WiFi的依赖及下文中的“weevencan'tgetridofyou”可知，人们离开了WiFi简直无法生活下去，而本句中的“withyournumeroustalents”正是WiFi控制人们的方式。control“控制”；scold“责备”；comfort“安慰”；challenge“挑战”。19．B 根据语境可知，WiFi控制了人们，也就是说人们成了被其掌控的奴隶(slaves)。colleague“同事”；employer“雇主”。20．C 根据语境尤其是本句中的“inthepreviousgenerations”可知，作者非常疑惑的是在早期没有WiFi的时候人们是如何存活(survived)下来的。suffer“受苦”；connect“联系”；surf“冲浪”。***短文改错。Nowadays,foodwasteisbecomingseriouslyinChina.Toshowtheirhospitalityininterpersonalcommunication,somecustomersorderedfarmorethanwhatisenough,causemuchfoodtobeuntouchedandthrownaway.Whatisevenmoreunbearablelieinthefactwhatbanquetsatpublicexpensescostthereputationofourgovernmentaswellasahugeamountofmoney.Themoneycouldhaveactuallybeenspenthelpingthosewhichareinneed.Consequently,suchwastereallymakespeoplebedisappointedanddepressed.Toourdelighted,asanationwidecampaignagainstwasteatthediningtablehaslaunched,“ClearthePlates”isgainingmoreacceptanceandsupport.Therefore,thenation's“ClearthePlates”ismostlikelytobecomethemainstreamideaofhospitalitythrougheveryoneefforts.答案：Nowadays,foodwasteisbecominginChina.Toshowtheirhospitalityininterpersonalcommunication,somecustomersfarmorethanwhatisenough,muchfoodtobeuntouchedandthrownaway.8\nWhatisevenmoreunbearableinthefactbanquetsatpublicexpensescostthereputationofourgovernmentaswellasahugeamountofmoney.Themoneycouldhaveactuallybeenspenthelpingthoseareinneed.Consequently,suchwastereallymakespeopledisappointedanddepressed.Toour，asanationwidecampaignagainstwasteatthediningtablehaslaunched,“ClearthePlates”isgainingmoreacceptanceandsupport.Therefore,thenation's“ClearthePlates”ismostlikelytobecomethemainstreamideaofhospitalitythroughefforts.难项分析：第三处：cause→causing考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词短语作结果状语。第七处：去掉disappointed前的be考查make的复合结构。“make＋宾语＋宾补”中，宾补可以是动词原形、形容词、副词、过去分词等。disappointed和depressed是过去分词转化来的形容词，所以be是多余的。第九处：在has后加been考查动词的语态。launchacampaign“发起运动”，campaign与launch之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。***8
