2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题10含解析

2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（10）李仕才AWehadaTVseriesinLondon.OneofourfellowTVpresentersseriouslyupsetthecameracrewwhentheyarrivedathishouse.Hewasrudeandunconcerned,treatingthemlikelowlyworkers.Minuteslater,whenthecamerawasturnedon,hebecametheperfectlysmilingspiritualfigurehewaspubliclyknowntobe.But,asthecrewtolduslater,hehadalreadyshownthemthathedidn'twalkhistalk.Incontrast,EdwasmeetingwithJo,ourTVproducer,inasmallLondoncafe.IfyouhaveeverbeentoLondonyou'llknowthatinsuchcafethetablesareveryclose.TwowelldressedAfricanmensatdownnexttothem,whicheffectivelymeanttheyweresharingthesametable.Edaskedthetwostrangerswheretheywerefromandonesaid, "SouthAfrica."Themanpulledouthisbusinesscard—hisnamewasJacobZumawho,atthattime,wasthePresidentoftheANCbutisnowthePresidentofSouthAfrica.Usually,ifyousitnexttosomeoneinabigcitycafe,youdon'tevenmakeeyecontact,letaloneconversation. JacobhadnevermetEdbeforesohecouldhavebeendistantandpolite,hecertainlydidn'thavetotalk,letalonemaintaincommunication,whichhedidoverthefollowingfewyears.Heevenhuggedhim!Howwewalkourtalkshowsfarmorethanjustourpublicbehavior.Rather,ithighlightshowweviewtheworldandourplaceinit.JacobZumashowedushowhetreatsothers—withthefairness,considerationandrespectthathetreatsallbeings.Nomatterwhoweare,whetherastreetcleanerorapresident,weareallequal,heretogetherasonehumanfamily.1.WhatcanwelearnabouttheTVpresenter?A.Hefeltupsetbeforethecamera.B.Hewasknownforhisbeingimpolite.C.Hisdeedsdidn'tagreewithhiswords.D.Hepretendedtobepolitetothecameracrew.2.WhichwordcanbestdescribeJacobZumaaccordingtothetext?A.Friendly.B.Humorous.10\nC.Generous.D.Serious.3.WhydidEdgotothesmallLondoncafe?A.TofilmaTVseries.B.TointerviewJacobZuma.C.TomeetwithaTVproducer.D.Toobservepeople'spublicbehavior.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TVpresentersareoftentooproud.B.Therestillexistsinequalityinsociety.C.I.earnedpeoplearemorelikelytobepolite.D.Peopleshouldtreatotherswithequalrespect.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过举例讲述了我们如何做到言行一致，礼貌待人。我们的谈话方式是我们的公共行为，表明我们如何看待世界和我们在社会中的地位，因此我们应该公平的、体贴的、尊重地对待别人。1.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段二、三句Hewasrudeandunconcerned,treatingthemlikelowlyworkers.Minuteslater,whenthecamerawasturnedon,hebecametheperfectlysmilingspiritualfigurehewaspubliclyknowntobe.可知，这位电视节目主持人对待同事粗鲁不礼貌，当面对镜头，他就成了众所周知的完美的精神形象。因此推断他是一个言行不一的人。故选C。3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Incontrast,EdwasmeetingwithJo,ourTVproducer,inasmallLondoncafe.可知，Ed去咖啡馆是为了见一个电视节目制片人。故选C。4.D【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章通过举例讲述了我们如何做到言行一致，礼貌待人。我们的谈话方式是我们的公共行为，表明我们如何看待世界和我们在社会中的地位，因此我们应该公平的、体贴的、尊重地对待别人。故选D。BRegardedasoneoftheEnglishlanguage’smostgiftedpoets,JohnKeatswrotepoetrythatconcentratedonimagery,humannature,andphilosophy.AlthoughKeats10\ndidn’treceivemuchformalliteraryeducation,hisownstudiesandpassionbroughthimmuchsuccess.Additionally,hisownlifesituationinfluencedhispoetrygreatly.GrowingupasayoungboyinLondoninalowermiddle-classfamily,youngJohndidn’tattendaprivateschool,butwenttoapublicone.Histeachersandhisfamily’sfriendsregardedhimasanoptimisticboywhofavoredplayingandfightingmuchmorethanmindinghisstudies.Afterhisfather’sdeathintheearly1800s,followedbyhismother’spassingawayduetotuberculosis(结核病),hebeganviewinglifedifferently.Hewantedtoescapetheworldanddidsobyreadinganythinghecouldgethishandson.Ataroundtheageof16,theteenageJohnKeatsbeganstudyingunderasurgeonsothathetoomightbecomeadoctor.However,hisliteraryappetitehadtakentoomuchofhisfancy,especiallywithhisaddictiontothepoetryofEdmundSpencer.HewasabletohavehisfirstfullpoempublishedintheExaminerin1816,entitledOSolitude!IfIMustWithTheeDwell.Withintwomonthsin1817,Keatshadwrittenanentirevolumeofpoetry,butwassharplycriticizedbyamagazine.However,thenegativeresponsedidn’tstophisloveofrhythm.JohnKeats’nextworkwasEndymion,whichwaspublishedinMay1818.Thestoryinvolvesashepherdwhofallsinlovewiththemoongoddessandleadshimonanadventureofoneboy’shopetoovercomethelimitationsofbeinghuman.FollowingEndymion,however,hetriedsomethingmorenarrative-based(叙事体的)andwroteIsabella.Duringthistime,JohnKeatsbeganseeinghislimitationsinpoetryduetohisownlimitinlifeexperiences.Hewouldhavetohavethe“knowledge”associatedwithhispoems.HisnextworkwasHyperionthatwouldattempttocombineallthathelearned.However,about(发作)withtuberculosiswhilevisitingItalywouldkeephimfromhisworkandeventuallytookhislifein1821.1.JohnKeats’attitudetowardslifechangedbecauseof　　　. A.hisearlyeducationfromschoolB.thedeathsofhisparentsC.EdmundSpencer’spoetryD.thecriticismofamagazine10\n2.WhatisthecommonthingbetweenJohnKeatsandhismother?A.Theyreadmanybooks.B.Theyhadabadchildhood.C.Theydiedofthesamedisease.D.Theyshowedstronginterestinpoetry.3.Whiletryingtoachievehisdreamofbecomingapoetfirst,JohnKeatswas　　　. 　　　　　　　　　　A.determinedB.experiencedC.knowledgeableD.impatient4.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?A.Keatsreceivedlittleeducationatschool.B.Endymionwasaboutareallovestory.C.In1816Keatsspenttwomonthswritingapoem.D.Keatsoncehadachanceofbecomingadoctor.1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Afterhisfather’sdeathintheearly1800s,followedbyhismother’spassingawayduetotuberculosis,hebeganviewinglifedifferently.Hewantedtoescapetheworldanddidsobyreadinganythinghecouldgethishandson.”可知他对待人生的态度发生转变是在他父母去世后。2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...followedbyhismother’spassingawayduetotuberculosis...”可知他的母亲死于肺结核,再根据文章最后一句话“However,about(发作)withtuberculosiswhilevisitingItalywouldkeephimfromhisworkandeventuallytookhislifein1821.”可知他也死于肺结核。3.A　推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“AlthoughKeatsdidn’treceivemuchformalliteraryeducation,hisownstudiesandpassionbroughthimmuchsuccess.Additionally,hisownlifesituationinfluencedhispoetrygreatly.”可知是他自己的学习和热情使他在诗歌方面取得了巨大的成功,再根据后几段的内容可知无论家庭遭遇变故还是自己受到批评,“...thenegativeresponsedidn’tstophisloveofrhythm.”所以可以得出他是意志力坚定的人。4.D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段首句“Ataroundtheageof16,theteenageJohnKeatsbeganstudyingunderasurgeonsothathetoomightbecomeadoctor.”可知Keats10\n曾经学过医,故D项正确。CTraditionalbusinessmenfeelworriedthatgrowingecommercewillreducetheirshareofthemarket.Accordingtoasurvey,90%ofsomepeople'spurchasesaremadeonthecomputer.Astheyfindthatbybeingabletogoonlineandchoosethethingsthattheyneedtochoose,andhavethemdeliveredrighttotheirdoorsteps,theycouldnolongerbebotheredwithdriving,thecrowds,thenoiseofthat,andtheyusuallygetabetterselection.CornellUniversityMarketingProfessor,MeLaughlinsaystraditionalstorescankeeptheircustomersbyofferinggoodslikeclothing,whichcustomersmaywanttoseeandtryonbeforepurchasing,aswellasitemsthataredifficulttoship.Hesayssometraditionalstoresarealsopleasingcustomerswithservicesthatsetuporrepaircomputersandelectronics.Traditionalstoresalsoofferasocialexperiencethatsomeshoppersenjoy.Thereisstillalotofemotioninthebuyingdecisionthattakesplace.Oftentimes,youneedthatlastsenseof“thisisexactlywhatIwant”beforeyoupartwithmoney.Andyoucan'talwaysgetthatonline.It'sarathercoldprocess.AsmoreandmorepeoplehaveInternetaccessandsmartphones,onlinecommerceislikelytocontinueitsgrowthhereintheUnitedStatesandinothercountries.文章大意：本文为一篇议论文。越来越流行的网购严重冲击着传统商业市场，那么传统商业怎么能够留住顾客呢？对此本文专家给出了几点建议。1．Traditionalbusinessmenfeelupsetbecause________.A．consumerscangetabetterselectionbyshoppingonlineB．moreandmorepeoplepurchasethingsonthecomputerC．peopleliketohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtotheirhouseD．growingonlinesaleswillcuttheirshareofthemarket答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Traditionalbusinessmenfeelworriedthatgrowingecommercewillreducetheirshareofthemarket.”可知，答案D符合文义。2．AccordingtoMcLaughlin,sometraditionalstoresarekeepingcustomersby________.A．providingcustomerswithextraservicesB．invitingcustomerstotryonclothing10\nC．deliveringgoodstoeachdoorstepD．repairingcomputersandelectronicsonly答案：A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段的最后一句“Hesayssometraditionalstoresarealsopleasingcustomerswithservicesthatsetuporrepaircomputersandelectronics.”可以推知，答案A“给顾客提供额外的服务”符合文义。3．Fromthe4thparagraph,weknowthat________.A．onlineshopperstendtobecoldtoeachotherB．theprocessofshoppingonlineisfullofemotionC．someshopperslikethesocialclimateintraditionalstoresD．makingbuyingdecisionsintraditionalshopsisdifficult答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“Traditionalstoresalsoofferasocialexperiencethatsomeshoppersenjoy.”可知，答案C符合文义。4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureonlinecommerce?A．Doubtful.B．Optimistic.C．Sympathetic.D．Concerned.答案：B　作者态度题。根据文章最后一段“AsmoreandmorepeoplehaveInternetaccessandsmartphones,onlinecommerceislikelytocontinueitsgrowthhereintheUnitedStatesandinothercountries.”可知，作者对网上购物持乐观态度，故答案B符合文义。D(2022·山西太原一模)SomethingFunApersonisontrialformurderinacourtroominOklahoma.Thereisstrongevidenceindicatingguilt.However,thebodyisnotfound.Inthedefense’s(辩护)closingstatement,thelawyer,knowingthathisclientisguiltyandthatitlookslikehe’llprobablybeconvicted,resortedtoaclevertrick.“Ladiesandgentlemenofthejury(陪审团),Ihaveasurpriseforyouall,”thelawyersaysashelooksathiswatch.“Withinoneminute,thepersonassumeddeadinthiscasewillwalkintothiscourtroom,”hesaysandhelookstowardsthecourt-roomdoor.Thejury,somewhatsurprised,looksatthedooreagerly.Aminutepasses.Nothinghappens.Finallythelawyersays,“Actually,Imadeupthepreviousstatement.Butyouall10\nwaitedwithexpectation.I,therefore,putittoyouthatthereisareasonabledoubtinthiscaseastowhetheranyonewaskilledandinsistthatyoureturnaverdict(裁决)ofnoguilty.”Thejury,clearlyconfused,retirestodiscuss.Averyfewminuteslater,thejuryreturnedandarepresentativepronouncedaverdictofguilty.“Buthow?”inquiresthelawyer.“Youmusthavehadsomedoubt;Isawallofyoustareatthedoor.”Answerstherepresentative,“Oh,wedidlook.Butyourclientdidn’t.”1.Whywasthepersonontrialaccordingtothepassage?A.Becausehecouldn’tpayoffthedebts.B.Becausehewasaccusedofmurder.C.Becausehedidnotpaythetaxintime.D.Becauseheplannedtocheatthejury.2.Whydidthelawyercomeupwiththetrick?　　　　　　　　　　A.Tofindthebody.B.Toannoythejury.C.Tohelphisclient.D.Tosavehimself.3.Whydidthejurylookatthedooreagerly?A.Thelawyer’swordsmustbetrue.B.Theyexpectedhisfamilytocomein.C.Theyweresurprisedandtakeninbythelawyer.D.Theythoughtthepersonontrialwasescaping.4.Whatdidtherepresentative’sanswermeaninthelastparagraph?A.Theyfirmlybelievedthatnobodywaskilled.B.Thebehavioroftheclientgavehimaway.C.Thejurystillneededmoreevidencetoproveit.D.Thelawyer’swordswereworththinkingabout.1.B　细节理解题。根据文章第一句话“ApersonisontrialformurderinacourtroominOklahoma.”可知,他是因为谋杀罪被审判。10\n2.C　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话以及第四段律师的陈述“...therefore,putittoyouthatthereisareasonabledoubtinthiscaseastowhetheranyonewaskilledandinsistthatyoureturnaverdictofnoguilty.”可知他的目的是为犯罪嫌疑人辩护。3.C　推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可知律师耍了个伎俩,迷惑了陪审团,所以可以断定是被骗了。4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一句话“Answerstherepresentative,‘Oh,wedidlook.Butyourclientdidn’t.’”可知虽然陪审团被迷惑了,可诉讼委托人心里明白,所以他的行为暴露了自己。EThroughoutthewholeyear,the60museumsandtheatresinHannover,Germany,willfeatureonetopeventafteranother.ItbearsthetitleofUNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)CityofMusicandtakesitsplaceintheinternationalUNESCOnetworkofCreativeCities.Therangeofmusicaleducationfacilities,thecity’simpressiveachievementsinthemusicandcreativebusiness,thewiderangeofperformances—frompop,rockandjazzrightthroughtoancient,classicalandnewmusic—anditsmanytop-classchoirs(合唱团)wereallfactorsthatconvincedtheUNESCOCommitteeinParis.ThereismusicintheairinHannoverallyearround:theAcappellaweek(25April-3May)andtheMasalaWorldBeatFestival(17June-28June),forexample,taketheiraudiencesonapleasanttrip.EveryyearonAscensionDay,Hannoveristransformedintothecapitalofjazzwhenitattractstensofthousandstolistentoexcellentjazzmusicfromallovertheglobe.“Simplymakingmusic”isthemottooftheglobalmusicfestival“FêtedelaMusique”.Likehundredsofothercitiesthroughouttheworld,Hannovercelebratesthismajorfestivalfortoleranceandinternationalunderstandingon21Juneeveryyear.TerrificbandswilltakethestageattheNDRPlazaFestivalandtheN-JoyStarshow(29&30May).MusicloverscanalsolookforwardtotheFährmannsfest(31July-2August).10\nEveryyear,visitorscanfindoutforthemselvesjusthowgoodHannoverRegionsoundsduringthe“Kultursommer”,whenclassicalmusiceventsareonthebillintheHCCKuppelsaal,thelargestconcerthallanywhereinGermany.Everythreeyears,StiftungNiedersachseninvitesoutstandingyoungviolinistsfromallovertheworldtocompetehereinHannover. 1.What’sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.WhymusicispopularinHannover.B.WhatmusicwecanenjoyinHannover.C.HowtoconvincetheUNESCOCommittee.D.WhatmakesHannoveraUNESCOCityofMusic.答案:D解析:段落大意题。根据第二段中的“...allfactorsthatconvincedtheUNESCOCommitteeinParis”可知,该段主要介绍了汉诺威被联合国教科文组织评为“音乐之城”的原因。2.WhatcanbeinferredaboutFêtedelaMusique?A.Itencouragespeopletomakesimplemusic.B.It’sthebiggestmusiceventinGermany.C.Avarietyofmusicisplayedduringit.D.Itincludesmanymusiccompetitions.答案:C解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘Simplymakingmusic’isthemottooftheglobalmusicfestival‘FêtedelaMusique’...Hannovercelebratesthismajorfestivalfortoleranceandinternationalunderstanding...”可知,FêtedelaMusique这一音乐节仅仅关乎音乐,并且体现了包容和国际化这一主题。由此可推测,在这一音乐节上会有不同类型的音乐被演奏。3.Whichofthefollowingeventslastslongest?A.TheFährmannsfest.B.FêtedelaMusique.C.TheN-JoyStarshow.D.TheMasalaWorldBeatFestival.10\n答案:D解析:细节理解题。通读全文可知,四个音乐节的举办时间分别为7月31日~8月2日,6月21日,5月29、30日,6月17日—6月28日。由此不难看出,MasalaWorldBeatFesitval的持续时间最长。4.Theunderlinedwords“StiftungNiedersachsen”inthelastparagraphismostprobablythenameof　　　. A.auniversity　　　　　　B.afamousbandC.anorganizationD.afamousperson答案:C解析:推理判断题。根据最后一句内容可知,StiftungNiedersachsen每三年都会邀请全球范围内的优秀小提琴选手来汉诺威参加比赛,由此判断它应该是一个机构名称。10