专题检测卷(十五)阅读理解(建议用时:25分钟)A体裁说明文话题手机对人体的影响词数370 Millionsofpeopleareusingcellphonestoday.Inmanyplacesitisactuallyconsideredunusualnottouseone.Inmanycountries,cellphonesareverypopularwithyoungpeople.Theyfindthatthephonesaremorethanameansofcommunication—havingamobilephoneshowsthattheyarecoolandconnected.Theexplosionsaroundtheworldinmobilephoneusemakesomehealthprofessionalsworried.Somedoctorsareconcernedthatinthefuturemanypeoplemaysufferhealthproblemsfromtheuseofmobilephones.InEngland,therehasbeenaseriousdebateaboutthisissue.Mobilephonecompaniesareworriedaboutthenegativepublicityofsuchideas.Theysaythatthereisnoproofthatmobilephonesarebadforyourhealth.Ontheotherhand,whydosomemedicalstudiesshowchangesinthebraincellsofsomepeoplewhousemobilephones?Signsofchangeintheissuesofthebrainandheadcanbedetectedwithmodernscanning(扫描)equipment.Inonecase,atravelingsalesmanhadtoretireatayoungagebecauseofseriousmemoryloss.Hecouldn’trememberevensimpletasks.Hewouldoftenforgetthenameofhisownson.Thismanusedtotalkonhismobilephoneforaboutsixhoursaday,everydayofhisworkingweek,foracoupleofyears.Hisfamilydoctorblamedhismobilephoneuse,buthisemployer’sdoctordidn’tagree.Whatisitthatmakesmobilephonespotentiallyharmful?Theanswerisradiation.High-techmachinescandetectverysmallamountsofradiationfrommobilephones.Mobilephonecompaniesagreethatthereissomeradiation,buttheysaytheamountistoosmalltoworryabout.Asthediscussionabouttheirsafetycontinues,itappearsthatit’sbesttousemobilephoneslessoften.Useyourregularphoneifyouwanttotalkforalongtime.Useyourmobilephoneonlywhenyoureallyneedit.Mobilephonescanbeveryusefulandconvenient,especiallyinemergencies.Inthefuture,mobilephonesmayhaveawarninglabelthatsaystheyarebadforyourhealth.Sofornow,it’swisenottouseyourmobilephonetoooften.1.Peoplebuycellphonesforthefollowingreasonsexceptthat .A.they’repopular B.they’reconvenientC.they’reusefulD.they’recheap2.Theunderlinedword“detected”inParagraph3couldbebestreplacedby .A.discoveredB.removedC.curedD.caused3.Thesalesmanretiredyoungbecause .A.hedislikedusingmobilephonesB.hecouldn’tremembersimpletasksC.hewastiredoftalkingonhismobilephoneD.hisemployer’sdoctorpersuadedhimto4.Onthesafetyissueofmobilephones,themanufacturingcompanies .-5-\nA.denytheexistenceofmobilephoneradiationB.developnewtechnologytoreducemobilephoneradiationC.holdthattheamountofradiationistoosmalltoworryaboutD.trytoprovethatmobilephonesarenotharmfultohealth5.Thewriter’spurposeofwritingthisarticleistoadvisepeople .A.tobuymobilephonesB.tousemobilephoneslessoftenC.toupdateregularphonesD.tostopusingmobilephonesB体裁记叙文话题温情传递词数273(2022·衡阳模拟)IreceivedacalltodayaskingifIwouldbewillingtobringfoodtoafamilyinneed.Themotherwashavingamajoroperationandwouldbelyingdownforseveralweeks.Ofcourse,Irespondedwithanimmediate“Yes!”.AsIplannedthemealinmyhead,IreflectedonhowmanytimesovertheyearsIhadbeenaskedtopreparefood.Ihavedonesocountlesstimeswithaveryopenheart.ButthetrulyamazingthingisthatIhavereceiveddoubleoverthecourseofmylife.Whenmymotherpassedaway,ourhousewasfilledwithfreshdinnersforweeks.Awomanfromthechurchofourcommunitystoppedbyeacheveningwithsomefood.Thegiftoffoodwashersmallwayoftryingtoeaseourpain.Laterinmylife,whenIwasonbedrestduringmypregnancywithtwins,womenofthechurchagainsteppedintohelp.Theyarrangedbabysittingformytwo-year-olddaughter,andbroughtlovelydinnerstoourhouse.EvenwhenIwasputinthehospital,myhusbandwouldbringcookedmealstomyhospitalroom.Howwereliedonthesedinnerstofeedmytiredhusbandandyoungdaughter.Foodisallaboutcomfort.Itfeedsourbodies,butitcanalsofeedoursouls.Whenyouhearpeopletalkingabouttheirfavouriteholidays,itusuallyincludestheirfeelingsconnectedwithsharingfood.IknowthatIwillhavemanymoreopportunitiesinmylifetimetopreparefoodforothers.ItistrulyagiftIwanttoprepareanddelivertosomeoneinneed.6.Theauthorhasgivenlotsoffoodtoothersbecause .A.sheispooratcookingB.sheisachurchmemberC.sheisfriendlytoothersD.shehasreceivedothers’food7.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor .A.hadtostayinbedforseveralweeksB.knewthefamilyinneedverywellC.wasgladtobeabletolendahandD.wastiredofpreparingfood8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheauthor?A.Hermotherdiedwhenshewasinhospital.B.Shedidn’tgetenoughfoodduringherpregnancy.C.Shereceivedfoodaswellascomfortinherhardtimes.D.Shethinksofferingfoodisthebestwaytoshowlove.-5-\n9.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sfamily?A.Herfamilyistoopoortobuyenoughfood.B.Herfamilylivesnotfarfromachurch.C.Herhusbandisnotgoodatcooking.D.Shehasababysittertakingcareofhertwins.10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingconclusionscanweget?A.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Everymanhashisfaults.C体裁记叙文话题收集垃圾词数359 Webuythings,usethem,thenthrowawaythepackaging,largelyunawarethatmostofourtrashendsupinlandfillswhereitcansitfordecades,pollutingthesoilandecosystemsaroundit.Reducingtheamountofgarbageweproduceinthefirstplaceisoneofthebestwaystosavetheplanet.FromJan.1toDec.31,2022,Isavedeverypieceofmygarbage.No,I’mnothomeless,andIdidn’tlosemymind.Keepingallmytrashmeantliterallylivingwiththeimpactofmydailydecisions,whichledmetomakedramaticchangesinmylifestyle.IshouldclarifythatIsavedallmynonbiodegradable(不能生物降解的)trash—thingslikeglass,foam,andplastics,whichdon’trotnaturally.Isetasidebananapeels,coffeegrounds,eggshells,andotherbiodegradablewasteforcomposting(制成堆肥).JustasIwashedmydishes,Iscrubbedmysodacans,potatochipbags,andjuicebottleswithsoapandwaterandhungthemonmydishracktodry.“Doesn’tyourtrashstink?”peopleoftenasked.AslongasIwashedanddriedeverything,itdidn’tsmell.Ibelievethat“waste”isactuallyaresourcethatcanbeusedratherthandiscarded.Savingmytrashallowedmetorecycleor“repurpose”it.Ratherthanthrowoutmyplasticbags,I’llputthemintoplasticbottlesthatcanbesuedas“bricks”tobuildbusstops,benches,andevenhouses.Thisspring,IwaspartofagroupofstudentsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,whousedplasticbrickstocreateabenchforthecampus.ThoughIwon’tbesavingallmytrashagainthisyear,myexperiencehaspermanentlychangedmyconsumptionhabits.EverytimeIgotothegrocerystore,Ibringreusablebags.AndIavoidconsumingdrinksfromglassbottles.Inshort,I’llneveragainbeabletobuyanythingwithoutpausingtoaskmyself:IsthisreallysomethingIneed?Isthereawaytogetitthatinvolveslesswaste?Ialsohopethatallpeoplewillsee“waste”asjustaresourceinthewrongplace.11.WhatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinParagraph3?A.Howhecleanedhistrash.B.Howhedealtwithhistrash.C.Howhestoredbiodegradablewasteathome.D.Howheselectedhisnonbiodegradabletrash.12.Theunderlinedword“discarded”inParagraph4means .A.recycled B.valuedC.thrownoutD.handedover-5-\n13.Wecanlearnfromthetextthattheauthor .A.kepthistrashinthegarageB.savedgarbageforhalfayearC.madethebestuseofhistrashD.willcontinuetosavehistrash14.Accordingtothelastparagraph,theauthor’sexperience .A.gavehimmuchpleasureandjoyB.allowedhimtosavealotofmoneyC.madehimshowlittleinterestinshoppingD.increasedhisawarenessoftheneedtoreducewaste15.Thetextismainlyabout .A.howgarbageendeduppollutingthesoilB.howtrashchangesourmodernlifestyleC.theauthor’sexperienceofsavinggarbageD.theauthor’sgoodconsumptionhabits【拓展训练】阅读C篇,完成下列各题。1.What’sthepurposeoftheauthor’sexperienceofsavinggarbage?_________________________________________________________________2.Completethesentencewithaphrasefromthefourthparagraph.Idecidedtowrite____________totelephone.答案解析A【文章大意】现在许多人都使用手机。但手机的泛滥使用引起了医务工作者的担忧,他们担心长时间使用手机会对人造成伤害。1.【解析】选D。细节理解题。文中第一段提到了人们买手机的原因:手机是一种通信工具;是一种时尚。文章最后一段提到手机很有用,很方便。故文中没有提到手机很便宜,故D项符合题意。2.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据句意可知用扫描设备能发现大脑和头部疾病的迹象,故A项正确。3.【解析】选B。事实细节题。根据第三段“...atravelingsalesmanhadtoretireatayoungagebecauseofseriousmemoryloss.Hecouldn’trememberevensimpletasks.”可知B项正确。4.【解析】选C。事实细节题。根据第四段最后一句“Mobilephonecompaniesagreethatthereissomeradiation,buttheysaytheamountistoosmalltoworryabout.”可知C项正确。5.【解析】选B。写作意图题。本文通过介绍使用手机对人的健康有害,同时在最后一段点明了本文的目的在于建议人们不要太经常使用手机,故B项正确。B【文章大意】作者的母亲过世的时候,社区教堂中的女人给她带过食物;作者怀孕的时候,社区教堂中的女人也同样给她带过食物,并帮她照顾她两岁的女儿。因此,今天有人需要帮助的时候,作者也非常愿意伸出援手。6.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“ButthetrulyamazingthingisthatIhavereceiveddoubleoverthecourseofmylife.-5-\n”可知作者乐于赠送食物给别人是因为她自己也曾经收到过他人的许多馈赠,故选D项。7.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段“Ofcourse,Irespondedwithanimmediate‘Yes!’”可推断作者非常高兴能帮助别人,故选C项。8.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenmymotherpassedaway,ourhousewasfilledwithfreshdinnersforweeks.”和第三段“Laterinmylife,whenIwasonbedrestduringmypregnancywithtwins,womenofthechurchagainsteppedintohelp.Theyarrangedbabysittingformytwo-year-olddaughter,andbroughtlovelydinnerstoourhouse.”可知作者在她自己有困难的时候接受过他人的食物与照顾,由此判断选C项。9.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段“Awomanfromthechurchofourcommunitystoppedbyeacheveningwithsomefood.”可知教堂在作者生活的社区里面,即离她家不远,故选B项。10.【解析】选B。推理判断题。通过上下文可知,作者在自己困难的时候接受过别人的帮助,故如今她也非常乐意帮助别人,由此可得出结论:善有善报,故选B项。C【文章大意】作者把自己的垃圾收集在卧室里,这样坚持了一年。他这样做的目的是让自己深入认识减少垃圾的重要性。11.【解析】选B。段落大意题。作者在第三段中主要介绍了自己是如何处理所存储的垃圾的。12.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由canbeusedratherthan...以及后文中的Ratherthanthrowout等可知此处的画线单词有“丢弃”的含义,故答案为C。13.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第四段可知,作者对他收集的垃圾进行了重新利用,比如把塑料袋塞进塑料瓶里,做成凳子等,故选C项。其他选项与事实不符:作者把垃圾放在自己的卧室里;他收集垃圾是从2022年1月1日到12月31日,即一年时间;最后一段说他今年不会再收集垃圾了。14.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,作者一年收集垃圾的经历增强了他的环保意识。15.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。作者把自己的垃圾收集在卧室里,这样坚持了一年。他这样做的目的是,让自己深入认识减少垃圾的重要性。C项概括全面合理。【拓展训练】1.Toincreasehisawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.2.ratherthan-5-
