第3讲单句语法填空1．Sometimesit'shardtoacceptthetruth________theliesoundssomuchbetter.because [句意：有时候事实真相很难被接受，因为谎言往往要顺耳多了。此处表示原因，故填because。]2．________notedotherwise,thesebrochuresarefreeofcharge.Unless [句意：除非另外说明，否则这些小册子都是免费的。根据语意可知，空格处用unless，引导一个省略的状语从句，相当于Unlesstheyarenoted。]3．Shewassuchaproudpersonthatshewoulddie________shewouldadmitshewaswrong.before [句意：她是个非常骄傲的人，宁愿死也不认错。这里用before，翻译成“宁可……也不愿”，常与will或would连用。]4．Ihadhardlyrungthebell________thedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andmysonrushedouttogreetme.when [句意：我刚一(几乎还没有)按门铃，门突然就被打开了，我儿子就冲出来迎接我。hardly/scarcely...when，表示“一……就，刚刚……就”。]5．Whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamark________youhaveanyquestion.where [句意：当你读这本书的时候，你最好在你有问题的地方做个标记。where在此处引导地点状语从句。]6．________themoviestarhasalwaysbeenthefocusofmuchmediaattention,hetriestoleadanormallife.While/Though/Although [句意：虽然这个影星一直是媒体关注的焦点，但是他努力过一种正常的生活。根据题意可知，从句表示让步，故填While/Though/Although。]7．________studentsdecidewhichcollegetogoto,theyshouldresearchtheadmissionprocedures.Once [句意：一旦决定了要上哪所大学，学生们应该去查询学校的录取程序。once“一旦”，引导时间状语从句。]8．Well,wecertainlyknowfromevidenceinthesleepcenterandthatofmanyotherscientiststhatnapscangiveyoubenefitsforbothyourbrain________your\nbody.and [考查连词。句意：当然，我们从睡眠中心和其他许多科学家提供的证据中得知，午睡能给你的大脑和你的身体带来好处。根据设空处前的both可知设空处填and，构成“both...and...”结构。]9．Thebosswillsamplesomeofthedelicacies(佳肴)thatpopupintheoffice,eitherwhenstaffersreturnfromChina________whenthegoodiesarecookedrighthere.or [分析句子结构以及句中的“either”可知，此处表示选择关系。故填连词or。]10．Twelveweekslater,6.5%ofthemstoppedsmokingactivelyinthehighfrequencygroup________3%gotridofsmokinginthelowfrequencygroup.while [句意：12周后，在高频率组中，6.5%的人主动戒烟，而在低频率组中，3%的人戒烟。此处表示对比，故填while。]11．(2020·山东省实验中学高三阶段性检测)________mostkidsweregoingtothemoviesonweekends,Georgepreferredtodesignhisownspecialprojects.While/Though/Although [句意：虽然大多数孩子周末会去看电影，但George却喜欢设计他自己的特殊项目。此处表示让步，故填While/Though/Although。]12．(2020·河北衡水中学二调)China'sindustrialoutputisexpectedtorisebyaround6.5percentthisyear,markingthebestperformancesince2010,________theMadeinChina2025strategy(战略)helpstoraiseproductivityandrevenue(税收).as/because [句意：中国的工业产量今年有望增长约6.5%，标志着自2010年以来的最高产量，因为“中国制造2025”战略有助于提高生产率、增加税收。由句意可知前后是因果关系，故填as/because。]13．(2020·湖南长沙长郡中学检测)Andawayfromthemysteriousworld,ColonelSandersdidn'topenhisfirstKFCrestaurant________hewas62，whileFaujaSinghranhisfirstmarathonat89．until/till [此处是说他直到62岁才开了第一家KFC餐馆。此处为not...until/till...结构，该结构意为“直到……才……”。]14．(2020·浙江台州高三第一次模拟)Whentheservantsbroughtthesteak,hetookoutaforkandbegantoeat________peopledidinItaly.as [句意：当仆人拿来牛排时，他拿出一把叉子，开始像意大利人那样吃起来。结合句意可知，此处应用as引导方式状语从句。]15．(2020·浙江高考模拟)Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredom________theyareperformedonaroutinebasis.if [考查条件状语从句。根据语境可知，设空处表示条件，故填if。]\n语法填空A(2020·临沂二模)XuLizhen,a74yearoldlady,hasbeenactingasatourguidefornearly20yearsinYangShuo,GuiLin,1．________isacityknownbothinChinaandabroadforitsbeautifullandscape.2．________sheattendedonlyprimaryschoolwhenshewasyoung,shecannowspeakapproximately11foreignlanguages3．________(fluent)．Since20yearsago,tourists4．________(show)affectionforYangShuo,includingagreatmanyforeigners.Inordertomakea5．________(live),XuLizhenbegantosellwater.However,shecouldhardlymakeanymoneyatfirstbecauseforeignersdidn'tunderstandheraccent.Shetriedtoimitatethe6．________(pronounce)oftheforeigners,takenotesandlearnthem7．________heart.IfshecameacrosstouristswhocanspeakbothChineseandaforeignlanguage,shewouldaskthemtotranslatetheirwordsmanytimessothatshecouldrememberthem8．________(well)．Itisinthiswaythattheoldgrannymasters11languages,suchasEnglish,French,Russian,Korean.Now,shehasnodifficultyatall9．________(communicate)withforeignfriendsinsimpleoralEnglish.Sheisalso10．________(refer)toasMotherMoonforherkindnessamongtourists.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位自学了11门语言的74岁导游奶奶的故事。1．which [此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是YangShuo，引导词应填which。]2．Though/Although/While [此处用连词Though/Although/While引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。]3．fluently [副词修饰动词speak。]4．haveshown [根据时间状语“Since20yearsago”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填haveshown。]5．living [makealiving“谋生”，为固定搭配。]6．pronunciation [此处表示模仿外国人的发音，pronounce的名词形式pronunciation作宾语。]7．by [learnbyheart“记住”，为固定搭配。]8．better [多翻译几次的目的是记得更好，所以用比较级better。]9．communicating [havedifficulty(in)doingsth.“做某事有困难”，为习惯用法，故填动词的现在分词。]\n10．referred [她还被称作“月亮母亲”。“被称作”为bereferredtoas，主动形式为referto...as...。]BEasternEuropeholdssomeoftheworld'smosthiddentravelbargains.Bulgariaisoneofthenationsthataren'toftenmentionedinthenewsorinmanybooksonEuropeantravel.Yetit'saculturallydiverseBalkannationthat'squite11．________(expensive)tovisit.InBulgaria，youcanexploretheancientchurchesin12．________(it)capitalcity，Sofia，suchastheSaintAlexanderNevskyCathedral.13．________you'reinSofia，youdon'thavetotravelfar14．________(reach)thecountrysideandmountains.Youcould，forexample，visitVitoshaMountain，15．________isfamousfortheamazingviewsineveryseason.Inthesummer，youcancooloffatsomeofEurope'smostbeautiful16．________(beach)bytheBlackSea，suchasNirvanaBeachandPerlaBeach.Another17．________(attract)bytheseaisSozopol，anancientcitythat18．________(found)bytheGreeksinthe7thcenturyB．C.andisnow19．________popularseasidetouristtown.Bulgariaisalsowellknown20．________theRoseKingdom.Soyoucanenjoyafragrantandpleasanttourintheoceansofrosesthere.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了东欧国家保加利亚的旅游特色。11．inexpensive [上文谈到东欧有一些鲜为人知的低价旅游景点，保加利亚就是其中之一，由此可知，此处应是“便宜”的意思，故填inexpensive。]12．its [设空处修饰名词短语capitalcity，应用形容词性物主代词作定语，故填its。]13．When/While/If [句意：当你在索非亚时/如果你在索非亚，你不必走很远就可以到达乡村和山区。设空处可以表示“当……的时候”，也可以表示“如果”，故填When/While/If。]14．toreach [句意见上一题解析。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处应用不定式作目的状语，故填toreach。]15．which [分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词VitoshaMountain，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。]16．beaches [beach意为“海滩”时是可数名词，根据设空处前的someof可知，此处应用名词复数形式，故填beaches。]17．attraction [分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作主语，应用名词形式，且前面有Another修饰，应用名词单数，故填attraction。]\n18．wasfounded [分析句子结构可知，设空处前面的关系代词that在定语从句中作主语，指代先行词anancientcity。anancientcity和found之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。句子的时间状语是inthe7thcenturyB．C.，故填wasfounded。]19．a [根据语境可知，此处泛指“一个受欢迎的海滨旅游城镇”，应用不定冠词，popular的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。]20．as [bewellknownas...为固定搭配，意为“作为……而闻名”，故填as。]
