优点英语专题18定语从句【2021年】1.(2021·天津卷)WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakes________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.A.fromwhichB.inwhichC.withwhomD.forwhom【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意:威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过,历史会告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知,pastmistakes为现行词,_____wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.为定语从句,从句中谓语动词canlearn可知,要从过去的错误中学习,learnfrom“从……中学习”,可知应用fromwhich引导定语从句。故选A。2.(2021·天津卷)AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands________artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意:在中国艺术节上有不同的展台,在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知,stands作先行词,空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands,从句中不缺主宾表,故选关系副词,先行词stands在从句中作地点状语,所以应用where。故选A。4.(2021年浙江1月卷)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier28.thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.【答案】28.and29.that/which【解析】28.考查连词。句意:在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中,科学家们发现,世界各地的人们体重越来越重,而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知,thatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier和thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.都是found引导的宾语从句,是并列关系,故填and。
优点英语29.考查定语从句关系代词。句意:BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具,它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知,tool是先行词,且在从句中做主语,故填that/which。【2020年】1.(2020·江苏卷)Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from__________studentscanchooseforfree.A.whoseB.whichC.whenD.whom【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意:许多课程现在都可以在网上找到,学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词是manylessons,关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语,应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。3.(2020·天津卷)Dr.Rowan,__________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.A.whoseB.ofwhomC.ofwhichD.which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了,他现在只能自己打字。______secretaryresignedtwoweeksago是非限制性定语从句,修饰Dr.Rowan,引导词在从句中作定语,表示“Dr.Rowan’s”,表示“……的”,应用关系代词whose引导该从句,故选A。3.(2020·新课标Ⅲ卷)InancientChinalivedanartist61paintingswerealmostlifelike.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意:中国古代有一位画家,他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist,且先行词在从句中作定语,故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。【2019年】1.【2019·江苏卷】Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为anage(一个时代),且先行词在从句中做时间状语,所以关系词用when。故选C。2.【2019·天津卷】Theirchildisatthestage__________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.what【答案】B
优点英语【解析】考查定语从句。句意:他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences是一个定语从句,先行词是thestage,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故选B。3.【2019·新课标I卷】OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.【答案】OneafternoonIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.【解析】考查定语从句。先行词oneafternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语,所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。4.【2019·新课标II卷】NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___62___sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.【答案】where【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词为thepetshop,在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语,故用which。5.【2019·新课标III卷】Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters___64___hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意:它们被他们的主人训练地很好,它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters(主人),且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。6.【2019·新课标III卷】Inthecafe,customerswillenjoythemselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatiscreatedforthem.【答案】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment is created for them. 【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment在从句中做主语,指物,关系代词用that/which。故把what改为that/which。7.【2019·浙江卷】Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth___58___givesofflightinthedark.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句,先行词是cloth,指物,从句中缺少主语,因此,可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。8.【2019·北京卷】Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan___8___theygo.
优点英语【答案】where【解析】句意:学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里(哪所大学)更重要。这里表达去哪所大学,表示地点,作状语。故用where。9.【2019·北京卷】Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose___9___aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife.【答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意:从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife.是定语从句,修饰先行词those,空格处在句中作主语,代指人,故填who或that。【2018年】1.【2018·北京】Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.A.whichB.whoC.asD.that【答案】A【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:她和家人骑自行车去上班,这有助于她们保持健康。“____helpsthemkeepfit”是非限制性定语从句,该从句修饰整个主句,引导词在从句中做主语,故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。2.【2018·天津】Kae,_________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.A.whomB.thatC.whoseD.her【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意:凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候,我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子,句中先行词为Kate,在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语,故用关系代词whose。故选C。3.【2018·江苏】Self-driving is an area _______China and the rest of the world are on the same startingline.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意:自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area,在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where,相当于inwhich。故选B。4.【2018·新课标I卷】Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showed
优点英语amerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses(cause).【答案】that或which【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处astudy是先行词,其在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。5.【2018·新课标I卷】Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellingthefish.【答案】which改成inwhich或where【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。他们还有一个小池塘,里面养着鱼。此处asmallpond是先行词,其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语,故用inwhich或where。6.【2018·新课标II卷】TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment_started_(start)asoil-testingprogram___69___givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.【答案】that或which【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知,该空缺少主语,指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which,故填that或者which。7.【2018·新课标II卷】Manywesterners57cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.【答案】that或who【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句中包含定语从句,先行词是westerners指人,在定语从句中做主语,用关系代词who/that引导,故填who/that。【2017年】1.【2017·北京卷】Thelittleproblems______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.A.thatB.asC.whereD.when【答案】A【解析】句意:我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。______wemeetinourdailylives是定语从句,从句缺少宾语,先行词是problems,用that。2.【2017·江苏】In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof_______purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.
优点英语A.whichB.it’sC.whoseD.whom【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是“theWorldFoodProgramme”,“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是……,whose在定语从句中作定语,这里限定purposes,故选C。句意:1963年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署,其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。3.【2017·天津】Myeldestson,_______worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.A.thatB.whoseC.hisD.who【答案】B【解析】本句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是Myeldestson,根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语,选项中只有whose修饰名词作定语。故选B。