阅读理解通关技能高二英语期末拔高课堂精讲专题
前言高考英语阅读理解（readingcomprehension）。根本上提高阅读能力：一要；二要。
contentsPart1高考英语阅读理解探究Part2阅读理解通关Part3阅读理解实战
Part1：高考英语阅读理解探究篇目体裁主题考题类型频率A应用文诗歌比赛细节型主旨型推理型猜词B记叙文终身学习2020新高考ⅠC记叙文跨文化交流7152D说明文生活方式
阅读理解深度解析阅读理解题型（readingcomprehension）近5年阅读理解，文体以说明文为主，主题语境在三大主题范围之内——人与自我、人与社会为主，人与自然为辅，体现了高考的立德树人的价值导向。
Part2：阅读理解通关阅读理解的通关技能：第一步：在语篇设问中确定关键词。关键词主要是问题中的核心信息语词。第二步：在语篇阅读中准确定位到关键词需要认真比对，排除干扰信息。
Part2：阅读理解通关阅读理解的通关技能：第三步：认真比对题型选项，答案常出现在每一段首句和尾句，细节题会在文章中间出现。第四步：最后检查核对目标词是否正确。
阅读理解技能总结：01确定问题关键词03比对匹配信息02锁定文章目标词04善用排除法
2020浙江卷AIamanactiveplaygoerandplay-reader,andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers.TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright（剧作家）hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.However,avarietyoftypesisrepresentedhere.Theseincludecomedy,satire,poignantdrama,historicalandregionaldrama.Toshowtheversatility（多面性）oftheshortplay,Ihaveincludedaguidanceplay,aradioplayandatelevisionplay.Amongthewritersoftheplaysinthiscollection,PaulGreen,SusanGlaspell,MaxwellAnderson,ThorntonWilder,WilliamSaroyan,andTennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizesfortheircontributionstothetheater.Moreinformationabouttheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendofthisbook.Togetthemostoutofreadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.Thehouselightsdim（变暗）.Thecurtainsareabouttoopen,andinafewminutestheactionanddialoguewilltellyouthestory.
2020新高考Ⅰ21.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Hehaswrittendozensofplays.B.Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.C.Heisaprofessionalstageactor.D.Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.22.Whatdoestheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork?A.Statingtheplays’centralideas.B.Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.C.IncludingvarioustypesofplaysD.Offeringinformationontheplaywrights.23.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays?A.Controltheirfeelings.B.Applytheiractingskills.C.Usetheirimagination.D.Keeptheiraudienceinmind.24.Whatisthistext?A.Ashortstory.B.Anintroductiontoabook.C.Aplayreview.D.Anadvertisementforatheater.
阅读通关：21.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Hehaswrittendozensofplays.B.Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.C.Heisaprofessionalstageactor.D.Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.关键信息：第一段了解到什么作者的信息锁定目标词，可用排除法，挨个比对原文。
阅读通关：AIamanactiveplaygoerandplay-reader,andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers.TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.关键信息：play-reader是喜剧读者，所以A选项说作者是戏剧作家排除。C选项说作者是演员也排除D选项说作者给别人读喜剧，也没有提到，故选B
阅读通关：21.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Hehaswrittendozensofplays.B.Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.C.Heisaprofessionalstageactor.D.Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.关键信息：play-reader是喜剧读者，所以A选项说作者是戏剧作家排除。C选项说作者是演员也排除D选项说作者给别人读喜剧，也没有提到，故选B
阅读通关：22.Whatdoestheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork?A.Statingtheplays’centralideas.B.Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.C.IncludingvarioustypesofplaysD.Offeringinformationontheplaywrights.关键信息：作者工作中避免做什么？锁定目标词，避免
阅读通关：Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright（剧作家）hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.关键信息：指出中心主题不是我的意图，即避免阅读通关技能：同义替换故选A
阅读通关：22.Whatdoestheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork?A.Statingtheplays’centralideas.B.Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.C.IncludingvarioustypesofplaysD.Offeringinformationontheplaywrights.关键信息：指出中心主题不是我的意图，即避免阅读通关技能：同义替换故选A
阅读通关：23.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays?A.Controltheirfeelings.B.Applytheiractingskills.C.Usetheirimagination.D.Keeptheiraudienceinmind.关键信息：作者的建议是什么？锁定问题中的目标词。在文章中找目标词
阅读通关：Togetthemostoutofreadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.关键信息：努力想象戏剧就在舞台上，读者在观众之中。故选D,和观众有关的只有D项。
阅读通关：23.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays?A.Controltheirfeelings.B.Applytheiractingskills.C.Usetheirimagination.D.Keeptheiraudienceinmind.关键信息：努力想象戏剧就在舞台上，读者在观众之中。故选D,和观众有关的只有D项。
阅读通关：24.Whatisthistext?A.Ashortstory.B.Anintroductiontoabook.C.AplayreviewD.Anadvertisementforatheater.关键信息：推理题，本篇文章属于什么类型A.短篇小说B.一本书的介绍C.戏剧评论D.为剧院做的广告排除法：文章不是小说，不是评论，也不是广告，类似于序言。
2020新高考ⅠDAccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly（表面上）participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.
2020新高考ⅠBoththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I’llhavewhatshe’shaving”effect.However,we’lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I’llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I’llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan’tI?
12.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Foodsafety.B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand.D.Eatingbehavior.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"beanpoles"inparagraph1referto?A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.14.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A.Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.15.Onwhatbasisdowe"adjusttheinfluence"accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Howhungryweare.B.Howslimwewanttobe.C.Howweperceiveothers.D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.
阅读通关：关键信息：最近研究，主要关于什么？（主旨型）运用关键法
阅读通关：关键信息：最近研究，主要关于什么？（主旨型）运用关键法，可知关键信息出现在了段首句，而且和eating相关，选项中含有eating这个概念的，只有D。快速得出答案的解题思路
阅读通关：关键信息：猜词题，bean(豆子)+pole(杆子)一般猜词题合成词、带有词根词缀的单词，在今年高考中出现频繁。运用逻辑推理法
阅读通关：关键信息：猜词题，bean(豆子)+pole(杆子)运用逻辑推理法，contrary（与。。。相反）与研究说的相反，研究表示你要避免和经常点大份且胖的人一起吃饭，那么下文应该是它的对立面，故选择D
阅读通关：关键信息：为什么雇佣演员？运用排除法
阅读通关：关键信息：为什么雇佣演员？运用排除法+逻辑推理法，看段首句，表明实验目的，主要测试社会影响如何影响饮食习惯。答案中涉及影响的只有A。
阅读通关：关键信息：调整这种影响的基础是什么？运用排除法+逻辑推理法
阅读通关：关键信息：调整这种影响的基础是什么？运用排除法+逻辑推理法，可知我们做出改变主要是因为别人的影响，而不是我们自己的怎么样，故选C
Part3：阅读理解实战演练CChallengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptocomebacktothelabevery18monthstotakethesamesortsoftests.Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating（刺激）,demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive（认知）functionatamuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentallychallengingjobs.Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants’overallhealthstatus.
Part3：阅读理解实战演练“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise,”saysFranciscaThen,wholedthestudy.“Afteralongrun,youmayfeellikeyou’reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butitmakesyoufit.Afteralongdayatwork—sure,youwillfeeltired,butitcanhelpyourbrainstayhealthy.”It’snotjustcorporatejobs,orevenpaidworkthatcanhelpkeepyourbrainfit,Thenpointsout.Awaiter’sjob,forexample,thatrequiresmultitasking,teamworkanddecision-makingcouldbejustasstimulatingasanyhigh-levelofficework.And“runningafamilyhouseholdrequireshigh-levelplanningandcoordinating（协调）,”shesays.“Youhavetoorganizetheactivitiesofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries.”Ofcourse,ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons—includingotherenvironmentalinfluencesorgeneticfactors.Still,continuingtochallengeyourselfmentallyandkeepingyourmindbusycanonlyhelp.
Part3：阅读理解实战演练28.Whydidthescientistsaskthevolunteerstotakethetests?A.Toassesstheirhealthstatus.B.Toevaluatetheirworkhabits.C.Toanalyzetheirpersonality.D.Tomeasuretheirmentalability.29.HowdoesFranciscaThenexplainherfindingsinparagraph4?A.Byusinganexpert’swords.B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy.D.Byintroducingaconcept.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.RetiredWorkersCanPickUpNewSkillsB.OldPeopleShouldTakeChallengingJobsC.YourToughJobMightHelpKeepYouSharpD.CognitiveFunctionMayDeclineAsYouAge
参考答案28.D29.B30.C
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