2022届浙江省新高三8月开学摸底考试英语试卷03解析版班级___________姓名___________分数____________（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）选择题部分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhatisJimdoingnow?A.Cooking.B.WatchingTV.C.Reviewinghislessons.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Driveawayhercar.B.Parkhercarnearby.C.Buyaredcar.3.Howmuchdoesthewomanwantforthewatch?A.$200.B.$150.C.$50.4.Wherewasthemangoingwhenhefelloffthebike?A.Tothesupermarket.B.Tothebank.C.Tothehospital.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Peter’shealth.B.Peter’sschoollife.C.Peter’sage.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howmanydaysdoesthemanworkinaweek?A.5days.B.6days.C.7days.,7.Whoisthegirl?A.Apassenger.B.Theman’scolleague.C.Theman’sdaughter.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatdidSandradolastnight?A.Sherepairedherphone.B.ShecalledupMichael.C.Shelearnttopaint.9.WhatdidSandraandPeteragreetodoonSunday?A.Playtennis.B.VisitLondon.C.Gotothedentist.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatcolordoesthewomanlikebest?A.Black.B.White.C.Red.11.Whatwillthespeakersdothisevening?A.Attendaparty.B.Goshopping.C.Dosomecleaning.12.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Salesmanandcustomer.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingfirst?A.Seeingafilm.B.VisitingJames.C.Goingclimbing.14.WhatwillthemanfinishbeforecallingJames?A.Ajournal.B.Areport.C.Anessay.15.Howwillthespeakersgotothenewpark?A.Bytaxi.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.16.WherewillthespeakersmeetonSaturdaymorning?A.Inasupermarket.B.Neartheirschool.C.AttheWestMountain.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendoestheclassfinish?A.At5:00p.m.B.At5:30p.m.C.At6:00p.m.18.HowoftendothestudentstakeLindsayBlack’sclassinaweek?A.Twice.B.Threetimes.C.Fourtimes.19.Whatdoesthespeakeraskthestudentstodo?A.Photocopyherlessons.B.Visittheschoolwebsite.C.Buythestudent’sbook.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?A.She’sambitious.B.She’sstrict.C.She’shumorous.,第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）1—5CBAAC6—10BABAC11—15ABABC16—20BCACB听力原文Example:M:Excuseme,canyoutellmehowmuchtheshirtis?W:Yes,it’sninefifteen.Text1W:Hey,Jim.Wehaverunoutofsalt.Pleasebuymesomeattheshopdownstairs.M:Oh,Mum.I’mpreparingfortomorrow’sEnglishtest.MaybeJaneisfree.She’swatchingTVinherbedroom.Text2W:MyhusbandandIcometoseeourparentsthisevening.Theirhouseisnear.Youseetheredone?It’stheirs.M:Sorry,butyou’llhavetodriveyourcaraway.Youcannotparkthecarhere.Text3M:Is$150enoughforthewatch?W:I’mafraidnot.50moredollarsshouldbegiven.Text4W:Hi,Buzz.Oh,you’reinjured.Whathappened?M:Afterwithdrawingsomemoneyinthebank,IwasgoingtothesupermarkettobuysomethingforMarleywhenIfelloffmybike.Youknow,sheisinhospitalthesedays.Text5M:How’sPeterdoing?W:Oh,he’sfine.Hejusthadabirthday,and...M:Howoldishe,nine?W:Yeah.Hejustturnednine.Text6W:Excuseme,Sir.CanIaskyouaquestion?M:Yes,please.Whatisit?W:Howmanytimesdoyoutaketheplaneeveryweek?,M:Well,ItakeiteverydayexceptonSundayinaweek.W:Really?Soyoupayforticketseachtime.Areyouveryrich?M:Oh,no,littlegirl.Actually,that’smyjob.Theypaymeforthat.W:Howluckyyouare!Oh,mymumiscoming.Wearegoingtothesecuritycheckoverthere.Bye.Text7M:Hi,Sandra.It’sPeter.W:Hi,Peter.Whatasurprise!Iwaswaitingforyoutocalllastnight.M:Lastnight?Idid.Icalledyoufivetimes.Butthelinewasbusyallthetime.W:Oh,yes.I’msorryaboutthat.IwastalkingwithmybrotherMichaelonthephone.HeislearningtopaintinLondon.M:Oh,well,nevermind.IsSundaystillOKforplayingtennis?W:Yes.Whynot?M:Great!Howaboutteno’clockinthemorning?W:Well.Butlet’sputitoffuntil3pm.Ihaveanappointmentwithmydentistat9:30onSundaymorning.M:Gotit.Text8M:Doyoulikethosepants?W:Whichones?M:Theblackones.W:ButIdon’tlikethecolor.M:Whataboutthatdress?W:Whichone?M:Theredoneontheleft,andthecolorisyourfavorite.W:Thatone!Oh,Iloveit.Butit’sexpensive.Thewhiteoneisfine,too.ThepriceandthecolorareOKwithme.M:Don’tworryaboutthemoney.Igotaraiseinpaylastweek.It’shardforyoutotakecareofourchildrenathome.Youdeserveyourbestclothes.What’smore,youneedanewdressfortonight’sparty.W:Well,thentakeit.Oh,bequick!It’salmost3o’clock.Ineedtogohomeandcleanupthehouse.Text9,M:Hithere.We’vebeenbusyallthesedays.Shallwegosomewherethisweekend?W:Sure,whereshallwegothen?M:Ireallydon’tknow.Doyouhaveanyideas?W:Whydon’twegotothemovies?M:I’drathernotgo.Idon’tlikemovies.W:Iknowthere’sanewparkwherethereisaspecialbarbecueareaforvisitors.M:Whereisit?W:It’snotfarfromtheWestMountain.SoIsuggestwegothereforapicnic.WecancallupJames,invitinghimtojoinusbecausehe’sfondofsuchactivities.M:That’sagoodideaforme.I’llcallhimafterfinishingthereportaboutthemeetingheldyesterday.Seeit?I’malmostfinishingit.Bytheway,howwillwegothere,takeataxiortakeourbikes?W:Neither.TheNo.39bustakesusstraightthere.Let’smeetat9:00amonSaturdayatthestationnearourschoolsinceit’sconvenientforbothofustogetthere.M:Whatfooddoyouthinkweshouldtakewithus?W:Whatabouttakingsomechickenandsomefruits?M:Igoalongwithit.I’llbuytheminthesupermarketafterwork.W:OK.Seeyouthen.Text10W：Hello,everyone!It’snicetoseeyouallhere.WelcometoBritish LifeandLanguage.Iamyourteacher. MynameisLindsayBlack.That’sL-I-N-D-S-A-YBlack.Beforewebegin,hereissomeinformationabouttheclass.WehaveclassonMondayandWednesdayeveryweek.Ourclassbeginsat4:30p.m.andlasts90minutes.Also,Ihaveanofficehourifyouhavequestions.I’minoffice7Bonthesecondfloor.MyofficehourisFridayat6p.m.Forthiscourseyouneedthebook.Hereitis: British LifeandLanguageLevel1Student’sBook.So,pleasegetthebookonline,whichismuchcheaper.Ofcourse,youmaygetitfromthebookstorenearourschool.Idon’twanttoseeanyphotocopiesofthebook.Thankyou!EveryoneofyoumustrememberthatwhenIgivealesson,youmusttakenotescarefully,writingdowneverylessonItalkabout.Youarenotallowedtotalkonyourcellphoneoransweryourphonein,class.Don’tbelateorleaveearly,oryouwillbeseverelypunished.Ithinkthat’sall.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AA24-year-oldfemalespacecommanderhasbecomeaviralsensationonChinesesocialmediaforherwork.ZhouChengyuwasinchargeoftherocketconnectorsystem-describedasavitalrole.Herstoryinparticularhasdrawnthepublic’sattentiongivenheryoungage.Socialmediausershavebeencelebratingherbrillianceandreferringtoherasprideofthecountry.Beingtheyoungestoftheteam,ZhouChengyuwasbornin1996intheprovinceofGuizhou.Sheiscertainlynot“old”enoughcomparedwithhercolleagues,butsheisknownatworkas"BigSister”asasignofrespect.Onceina3-kmrunningcontest,sheactuallybeathalfofhermalecounterparts.AlthoughworkshiftsarenotuncommonattheWenchangSpacecraftLaunchSite,eachshiftrequirestremendouscouragebecauseofthedifferentbackgroundknowledge.However,forZhouChengyu,sheexperiencedmultiplepositionsin5launchingtestsandnowsheistheyoungestcommanderatthesite.Despitecarefulnessandhighresponsibilityatwork,sheisjustlikeherpeersinnormallife.Eatingsnacksandshoppingareherfavoritefree-timeactivities.Herhighschoolteacherremembersherastoughanddetermined.“Shealwayshadadreamofbecomingscientist,”saidherphysicsteacher.Accordingtohercolleague,ZhouChengyuwasverysurprisedwhenshefoundoutshewentviralonline.Shesaidthatshewashappywhenshesawpeopleonlineregardingherastheprideofthecountry,andyetshekeptsayingthatshewas“nobodybutnormalworkeratalaunchsite”andtherearealotmorepeoplejustlikehergoingunnoticedwhiledoingthehardestjobtoguaranteeabetterfuturefortheChinesespaceprogram.Shealsosaidthatshewishedtoremainhercurrentstatusandcontinuedoingherworkwithorwithoutthepopularity..WhatmakesZhouChengyutheprideofthecountry?A.Heryoungage.B.Hervitalroleinherwork.C.Hergreatcourage.D.Herresponsibilityatwork.22.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeZhouChengyu?A.Learnedandconfident.B.Respectableandgenerous.,C.Patientandresponsible.D.Modestanddetermined.23.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AYoungPrideB.ASuccessfulColleagueC.AnExtraordinaryDreamD.AnAmbitiousCommander【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名24岁的女太空指挥官因其出色的工作在中国社交媒体上走红的故事。.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句内容“ZhouChengyuwasinchargeoftherocketconnectorsystem-describedasavitalrole.Herstoryinparticularhasdrawnthepublic’sattentiongivenheryoungage.(周成宇负责的火箭连接系统，这被描述为一个至关重要的角色。考虑到她还很年轻，她的故事尤其吸引了公众的注意。)可知，因为周成宇成为国家的骄傲是因为她是最年轻的负责火箭连接系统的指挥官，担任着重要角色。故选B项。22.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句内容“Herhighschoolteacherremembersherastoughanddetermined.“Shealwayshadadreamofbecomingscientist,”saidherphysicsteacher.(在她的高中老师的印象中，她是一个坚强而坚定的人。“她一直梦想成为一名科学家，”她的物理老师说。)”可知，周成宇是一个非常坚定的人，再根据最后一段她对自己评价的内容“andyetshekeptsayingthatshewas“nobodybutnormalworkeratalaunchsite”（但她一直说自己“只是发射场的普通工人”）”可知，周成宇是一个非常谦虚的人。故选D项。23.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段最后一句内容“Socialmediausershavebeencelebratingherbrillianceandreferringtoherasprideofthecountry.(社交媒体用户一直在颂扬她的才华，称她为整个国家的骄傲。)”以及全文都在叙述有关她是祖国骄傲的事迹，可知A选项“一个年轻的骄傲”最适合作题目，故选A项。BAsCaliforniagraywhaleswindtheirwaysouthalongNorthAmerica'sPacificcoast,researchersarewatching,worriedaboutanotheryearofunexplaineddie﹣offs.Lastspringandsummer,5whalesinexplicably(说不清地)washedupalongNorthAmerica'sWestCoast.Concerned,theU.S.NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationcalledforaninvestigation,bringingtogetherresearchersfromtheArctictoMexicotoexplorethestrandings(搁浅)inauniformmanner.Accordingtothescientistsinvolvedwiththeinvestigation,it'sstillunclearwhatcausedthe2019die﹣offandwhetherthewhaleswillfarebetterthisyear.,Californiagraywhalesmigrate5,000mileseveryyearfromtheArctictoMexico'sBaja.Theirjourneyisthelongestmigration,andfullofdangerssuchasshipsandplasticrubbish.ThejourneybacknorthisparticularlydangerousbecausegraywhalesonlyeatwhileintheArctic;therefore,theyarerunningonemptyastheymaketheirreturntripfromBaja.DataandobservationscollectedthispastsummerbyresearchersbasedatNOAA'sAlaskaFisheriesScienceCenterhaveraisedmorequestionsthananswers.Forinstance,15graywhaleswerespottedinonedayintheeasternBeaufortSea-araresightingforaspeciesusuallyseengettingfatattheirfeedinggrounds.Butwiththeseaiceforminglaterinwinterandbreakingupearlierinsummer,scientistswonderwhethergraywhaleswillcontinuetomovefarthereasttonewfeedingareas.Inadditiontochangesinfoodavailability,asseaicedecreases,whalesarerunningintomoreandmoreshiptrafficintheseremotewaters.Shipstrikesandbeingtrappedinfishinggeararecommoncausesofwhaleinjuryanddeath.MaggieMooney﹣Seus,spokeswomanfortheAlaskaFisheriesScienceCenter,said,"Weareworkingtodeterminefuturewhaleresearchplansthatmayhelpshedlightonthisandotherrelevantquestions."24.Thereasonforthedie﹣offsoftheCaliforniagraywhalesis________.A.lackoffood.B.toomuchplasticrubbish.C.heavyshiptraffic.D.stillunderinvestigation.25.Whywere15graywhalesseenintheeasternBeaufortSea?A.Theyprobablywerelookingforanewmigratingpath.B.Theyprobablywereavoidingthenoisesoffishinggears.C.Theyprobablywereexploringtheirnewfeedinggrounds.D.Theyprobablywereescapingfrombeinghuntedbytheships.26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"shedlighton"refertointhelastparagraph?A.Clarify.B.Solve.C.Improve.D.Research.【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲的是目前尚不清楚是什么原因导致了2019年的鲸鱼死亡，灰鲸灭绝的原因仍在调查中。24.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Accordingtothescientistsinvolvedwiththeinvestigation,it'sstillunclearwhatcausedthe2019die﹣offandwhetherthewhaleswillfarebetterthisyear.,(据参与调查的科学家称，目前尚不清楚是什么原因导致了2019年的鲸鱼死亡，以及今年鲸鱼的情况是否会好转)”可知灰鲸相继死去的原因尚不清楚，仍在调查中。故选D。25.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Butwiththeseaiceforminglaterinwinterandbreakingupearlierinsummer,scientistswonderwhethergraywhaleswillcontinuetomovefarthereasttonewfeedingareas.(但由于冬季海冰形成较晚，夏季海冰分解较早，科学家们怀疑灰鲸是否会继续向东迁移到新的觅食区)”可知在波弗特海东部能看到15头灰鲸的原因是它们可能正在探索新的觅食地。故选C。26.A【解析】词句猜测题。根据第一题的分析可知，灰鲸相继死去的原因尚不清楚。根据最后一段“Weareworkingtodeterminefuturewhaleresearchplansthatmayhelpshedlightonthisandotherrelevantquestions.(我们正在努力确定未来的鲸鱼研究计划，这些计划可能有助于shedlighton这一点和其他相关问题)”可知，我们制定的未来的鲸鱼计划是可能有助于解释清楚灰鲸相继死去的这一问题和其他相关问题的。所以shedlighton是指的是“解释清楚”，也就是澄清。A.Clarify澄清；B.Solve解决；C.Improve改进；D.Research研究。故选A。CEverwonderedifdogscanlearnnewwords?Yes,sayresearchersastheyhavefoundthattalenteddogsmayhavetheabilitytograspnewwordsafterhearingthemonlyfourtimes.Whilepreviousevidenceseemstoshowthatmostdogsdonotlearnwords,unlesseventuallyverywelltrained,afewindividualshaveshownsomeextraordinaryabilities,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScientificReports.“Wewantedtoknowunderwhichconditionsthegifteddogsmaylearnnovelwords,”saidresearcherxuekwClaudiaFugazzafromtheEötvösLorándUniversityinHungary.Forthestudy,theteaminvolvedtwogifteddogs,WhiskyandVickyNina.Theteamexposedthedogstothenewwordsintwodifferentconditions.Intheexclusion-basedtask,presentedwithsevenknowntoysandonenewtoy,thedogswereabletoselectthenewtoywhenpresentedwithanewname.Researcherssaythisprovesthatdogscanchoosebyexclusionwhenfacedwithanewword,theyselectedtheonlytoywhichdidnothaveaknownname.However,thiswasnotthewaytheywouldlearnthenameofthetoy.Infact,whentheywerepresentedwithonemoreequallynewnametotesttheirabilitytorecognizethetoybyitsname,thedogsgottotallyconfusedandfailed.Theothercondition,thesocialone,wherethedogsplayedwiththeirownerswhopronouncedthenameofthetoywhileplayingwiththedog,provedtobethesuccessfulwaytolearnthenameofthetoy,,evenafterhearingitonly4times.“Therapidlearningthatweobservedseemstoequalchildren’sabilitytolearnmanynewwordsatafastratearoundtheageof18months,”Fugazzasays.“Butwedonotknowwhetherthelearningmechanisms(机制)behindthislearningarethesameforhumansanddogs.”Totestwhethermostdogswouldlearnwordsthisway,20otherdogsweretestedinthesamecondition,butnoneofthemshowedanyevidenceoflearningthetoynames,confirmingthattheabilitytolearnwordsrapidlyintheabsenceofformaltrainingisveryrareandisonlypresentinafewgifteddogs.27.WhatwasthepurposeofthestudypublishedinScientificReports?A.Tobettertraindogs’abilitytolearnnewwords.B.Tofurtherconfirmpreviousevidenceaboutdogs.C.Toproveextraordinarymemoryabilitiesofgifteddogs.D.Toexplorefavorableconditionsforgifteddogs’new-wordlearning.28.Howdidthedogsreactwhenexposedtotwonewnamesinthefirstcondition?A.Slowtounderstand.B.Quicktolearn.C.Ataloss.D.Inapanic.29.Whatwasfoundaboutdogs’new-wordlearninginthesocialcondition?A.Learningthroughplayingappliedtomostdogs.B.Thesocialconditionhelpeddogslearnnewwords.C.Dogs’new-wordlearningturnedouttobelesseffective.D.Dogssharedsimilarlearningmechanismswithchildren.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GiftedDogsCanLearnNewWordsRapidly.B.DogsIdentifyNewly-namedToysbyExclusion.C.DogsCanAcquireVocabularythroughTonsofTraining.D.GiftedDogsHaveSimilarLearningAbilitiestoHumans.【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了狗狗通过训练能够学习新的单词。27.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“‘Wewantedtoknowunderwhichconditionsthegifteddogsmaylearnnovelwords,’saidresearcherxuekwClaudiaFugazzafromtheEötvösLorándUniversityinHungary.”（匈牙利EötvösLoránd大学的研究员ClaudiaFugazza说:“我们想知道这些有天赋的狗在什么情况下可以学习新单词。）可知研究的目的是想探索出狗在什么情况下可以学习新单词。故选D。28.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Infact,whentheywerepresentedwithonemoreequallynew,nametotesttheirabilitytorecognizethetoybyitsname,thedogsgottotallyconfusedandfailed.”（事实上，当给它们一个同样的新名字来测试它们通过名字识别玩具的能力时，狗完全困惑了，并失败了。）可知，在第一种环境下狗非常的困惑。故选C。29.B【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Theothercondition,thesocialone,wherethedogsplayedwiththeirownerswhopronouncedthenameofthetoywhileplayingwiththedog,provedtobethesuccessfulwaytolearnthenameofthetoy,evenafterhearingitonly4times.”（另一种情况是社会性的，在这种情况下，狗狗和它们的主人一起玩耍，主人在和狗狗玩耍的同时念出了玩具的名字。结果证明，即使只听了4次，狗狗也能成功地记住玩具的名字。）可推出，在社会性条件下可以帮助狗狗学习新的单词。故选B。30.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Everwonderedifdogscanlearnnewwords?Yes,sayresearchersastheyhavefoundthattalenteddogsmayhavetheabilitytograspnewwordsafterhearingthemonlyfourtimes.”（想知道狗狗能不能学会新单词吗?是的，研究人员称，因为他们发现，聪明的狗狗可能只听四次就能掌握新单词。）以及文章中的案例，可知本篇文章主要讲述的是有天赋的狗能快速学习新单词。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed,headtothefront,andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotinotherlineslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutandofftotheparkinglot.31Itturnsout,it'sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.32Anysmallinterruption-apricecheck,achattycustomer-canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkabouttheprobability:33Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.Makeallcustomersstandinonelong,snakingline-calledaserpentineline-andserveeachpersonatthefrontwiththenextavailableregister.34Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonealittle,bitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.35Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan'taffordthespaceormanpower.Sowhereveryournextwaitmaybe:Goodluck.A.Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou?B.Sowhydon'tmostplacesencourageserpentinelines?C.Someofthemayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.D.Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.E.Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline?F.Withthreeregisters,thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.G.Butsometimes,asonaSundayafternoon,thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。31.A下文“Itturnsout,it'sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.（原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“Youchosewrong.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A项。32.G上文“Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。）”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Anysmallinterruptionapricecheck,achattycustomer-canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，故选G项。33.D根据上文“Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.（如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快。）”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。故选D项。34.F根据“上文Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedup,behindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonelittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。故选F项。35.B结合下文“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan'taffordthespaceormanpower.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Even15yearsaftermygrandfather'sdeath，heisstillfollowingmearound,36inmyearonwhattodo.HeisstilltheBritish-accented37inmyhead,givingmeanodof38formyrightchoice,andraisinganeyebrow39hedisagreeswithsomethingI'mdoing.Hiswiseandoptimisticviews40toaffectmylife.Mygrandfatherwalked10,000steps41everyday,andnotbecausehehada$100fitnesstracker42himtodoso.Insteadof“exercising,”heworkedinhisgarden,43vegetablesthatkeptourfamilythroughmanywintersandrosesthatwerethejoyofmanysummers.Hewasgoodtothe44inthewaythatpeopleusedtobebeforetheyhadtobetolditwasthe45thingtodo.Actually,henever46acarorlearnedtodrive,sohewalkedeverywherehecouldandtookabustherestofthetime.Aftermygrandmotherdied,Iusedtogoand17withhimonweekends.Wewalkedaround,chattedtotheneighbors,andwenttothe48forfoodandmilk.OccasionallyIwould49alittlecakeforhiminhiskitchen.Attheendoftheday,beforehe50thelight,hewouldsay,“Thatwasa(a)51day.Ienjoyedeveryminuteofit.”Ineverdoubtedforamomentthathe52it.Inthemorning,I'd53tohiswhistlinginthekitchendownstairs(usuallyitwasRaindropsKeepFallingonMrHead).Atthetime,it54me—Iamnotamorningperson—butnowI'dgive,anythingtohearthat55onemoretime.36.A.singingB.ringingC.whisperingD.asking37.A.adviserB.storytellerC.professorD.director38.A.thanksB.greetingC.approvalD.confidence39.A.untilB.thoughC.unlessD.when40.A.failB.continueC.happenD.try41.A.unexpectedlyB.deliberatelyC.routinelyD.randomly42.A.urgingB.allowingC.trainingD.enabling43.A.sellingB.wateringC.offeringD.growing44.A.friendsB.environmentC.familyD.neighborhood45.A.rightB.strangeC.funnyD.easy46.A.inventedB.repairedC.ownedD.rented47.A.keepupB.stayintouchC.putupD.hangout48.A.bankB.grocerystoreC.gardenD.postoffice49.A.cutB.bakeC.decorateD.order50.A.turnedoffB.shoneupC.cleanedupD.checkedon51.A.ordinaryB.busyC.inspiringD.good52.A.meantB.madeC.admittedD.put53.A.getdownB.wakeupC.giveinD.lookforward54.A.refreshedB.discouragedC.attractedD.annoyed55.A.songB.wordC.whistleD.voice【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的祖父即使去世了很长一段时间，作者仍然感觉他在自己身边，用他明智和乐观的信念继续影响着作者的生活。文中描述了祖父在世时和作者的一些日常生活。36.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在我祖父去世15年之后，他仍在我身边，在我耳边低语该怎么做。A.singing唱歌；B.ringing响铃；C.whispering低语；D.asking询问。根据后文“inmyearonwhattodo”可知在耳边低语，应用whisper。故选C。37.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的脑海里，他仍然是那个带着英国口音的顾问，对我正确的选择点头表示赞同，当他不同意我正在做的某件事时，他会扬起眉毛。A.adviser顾问；B.storyteller说故事的人；C.professor教授；D.director主任。根据上文“inmyearonwhatto,do”可知，祖父即使去世了这么久，作者还是感觉他在自己耳边低语告诉自己该怎么做，可推测祖父在作者心里像个顾问一样。故选A。38.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的脑海里，他仍然是那个带着英国口音的顾问，对我正确的选择点头表示赞同，当他不同意我正在做的某件事时，他会扬起眉毛。A.thanks感谢；B.greeting问候；C.approval赞同；D.confidence自信。对应后文“hedisagreeswithsomethingI'mdoing”祖父不同意作者时的反应，此处点头表示赞同。故选C。39.D【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在我的脑海里，他仍然是那个带着英国口音的顾问，对我正确的选择点头表示赞同，当他不同意我正在做的某件事时，他会扬起眉毛。A.until直到；B.though虽然；C.unless除非；D.when当……时候。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”应用when。故选D。40.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他明智和乐观的信念继续影响着我的生活。A.fail失败；B.continue继续；C.happen发生；D.try尝试。呼应上文“Even15yearsaftermygrandfather'sdeath,heisstillfollowingmearound”祖父去世了很久仍然在继续影响着作者的生活。故选B。41.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的祖父每天都要走一万步，并不是因为有一个100美元的健身追踪器催促他这么做。A.unexpectedly意外地；B.deliberately故意地；C.routinely常规地；D.randomly随便地。根据后文“everyday”可知每天走一万步是祖父的日常活动。故选C。42.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖父每天都要走一万步，并不是因为有一个100美元的健身追踪器催促他这么做。A.urging催促；B.allowing允许；C.training训练；D.enabling使能够。根据前后文“notbecausehehada$100fitnesstracker…himtodoso”指健身追踪器催促祖父走一万步。故选A。43.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有“锻炼”，而是在菜园里种菜，让我们一家人熬过许多个冬天；种玫瑰，让我们度过许多个夏天。A.selling销售；B.watering浇水；C.offering提供；D.growing种植，生长。根据后文“vegetables”指种植蔬菜应用grow。故选D。44.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在不得不告知人们这是正确的事情之前，他就对环境很好。A.friends朋友；B.environment环境；C.family家庭；D.neighborhood街坊。根据后文提到祖父外出靠走路或坐公交车，可推测祖父对环境友好。故选B。45.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在不得不告知人们这是正确的事情之前，他就对环境很好。A.right正确的；B.strange奇怪的；C.funny有趣的；D.easy容易的。上文提到祖父对环境友好，后文提到他不开车，这些都是正确的事情。故选A。46.C,【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他从未拥有过一辆车，也没有学过开车，所以他去哪儿都是步行，其余时间都坐公交车。A.invented发明；B.repaired修理；C.owned拥有；D.rented租用。根据后文“acarorlearnedtodrive”指祖父从来没有买过车或者学过开车。故选C。47.D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我祖母去世后，我经常在周末和他一起出去玩。A.keepup保持；B.stayintouch保持联系；C.putup提供；D.hangout闲逛，挂出。根据后文“Wewalkedaround,chattedtotheneighbors”可知作者经常和祖父一起周末外出。故选D。48.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们四处走走，和邻居聊天，然后去杂货店买食物和牛奶。A.bank银行；B.grocerystore杂货店；C.garden花园；D.postoffice邮局。根据后文“forfoodandmilk”结合选项，买食物和牛奶的地方应该是杂货店。故选B。49.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我偶尔会在他的厨房里为他烤一个小蛋糕。A.cut切割；B.bake烘焙；C.decorate装饰；D.order命令。根据后文宾语“alittlecakeforhiminhiskitchen”可知指烘焙蛋糕，应用bake。故选B。50.A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天结束时，他会在关灯前说：“这是美好的一天。每一分钟我都很享受。”A.turnedoff关闭；B.shoneup倾心专注；C.cleanedup清理；D.checkedon检查。根据前后文语境“Attheendoftheday,beforehe…thelight”可知，一天结束，关灯前祖父会说自己很享受这一天。故选A。51.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天结束时，他会在关灯前说：“这是美好的一天。每一分钟我都很享受。”A.ordinary普通的；B.busy忙碌的；C.inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.good好的。根据后文“Ienjoyedeveryminuteofit.”可知，祖父享受这一天，觉得这是美好的一天。故选D。52.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未怀疑过他是认真的。A.meant意味；B.made制作；C.admitted承认；D.put放置。祖父热爱度过的每一天，对此作者从来没有怀疑过他对生活的认真，meanit“认真，当真”。故选A。53.B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：早上，我会被他在楼下厨房里吹口哨吵醒（通常是“雨点不停地落在海德先生身上”）。A.getdown写下；B.wakeup醒来；C.givein屈服；D.lookforward期待。根据上文“Inthemorning”以及后文“Iamnotamorningperson”可知祖父的口哨吵醒了不喜欢早起的作者。故选B。54.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，这让我很恼火——我不是一个喜欢早起的人——但现在，只要能再听到那声口哨，我愿意付出任何代价。A.refreshed使清爽；B.discouraged灰心；C.attracted被吸引；D.annoyed恼怒。根据后文“Iamnotamorningperson”可知作者不喜欢早起，祖父的口哨吵醒了自己，因此作者觉得恼火。故选D。,55.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，这让我很恼火——我不是一个喜欢早起的人——但现在，只要能再听到那声口哨，我愿意付出任何代价。A.song歌曲；B.word话语；C.whistle口哨；D.voice嗓音。呼应上文“hiswhistlinginthekitchendownstairs”指再听到祖父的口哨。故选C。非选择题部分第三部分运用运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。TheSanxingduiRuinssiteliesinSichuanprovince.It56(consider)oneofthemostimportantarcheologicalsitesalongtheupperreachesoftheYangtzeRiver.Sixpits(坑)werenewlydiscoveredin57site,accordingtoanewsconferenceinChengdu58March20.AccordingtoXinhua,thesepitsdateback3,200to4000yearsandincludeover500artifacts.“Thankstothenewdiscoveries,sofarwe59(find)thelayoutofthesacrificialzoneoftheSanxingduisite.”saidLeiYu,aresearcher60isinchargeofthegoingondiggingwork.The12-squarekilometerssitewasdiscoveredin1929,andmajorbreakthroughsweremadein1986withthediscoveryoftwopits61(believe)tobeforsacrificialceremonies.Thepitswereuncoveredaccidentallybylocalfarmersdiggingupearth62(make)bricks.Over1000itemswerefoundatthattime,includingbronze-wares,facemasks,63more.Leipointedoutthatthereweremanysimilaritiesamongthe64(recent)discoveredpitsandthetwofoundin1986,intermsofthetypesofitemsunearthed.“TheseitemsshowtheSanxingduisitenotonlyhadaclose65(connect)withCentralChina,butitalsomarksanoriginalancientcivilization.”saidChenXiandan,amemberoftheproject.【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。三星堆遗址位于四川省。它被认为是长江上游最重要的考古遗址之一。据3月20日在成都举行的新闻发布会上称，该遗址新发现了6个坑。文章主要介绍此次考古发现的一些情况。56.isconsidered【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：它被认为是长江上游最重要的考古遗址之一。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语动词用单数。故填isconsidered。57.the【解析】考查冠词。句意：据3月20日在成都举行的新闻发布会上称，该遗址现场新发现了6个坑。结合句意表示“在现场”可知短语为inthesite。故填the。,58.on【解析】考查介词。句意：据3月20日在成都举行的新闻发布会上称，该遗址现场新发现了6个坑。根据后文“March20”表示在具体的某一天应用介词on。故填on。59.havefound【解析】考查动词时态。句意：“多亏了这些新发现，我们目前已经发现了三星堆遗址祭祀带的布局。”负责挖掘工作的研究员雷宇说。根据上文“sofar”可知应用现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have。故填havefound。60.who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“多亏了这些新发现，我们目前已经发现了三星堆遗址祭祀带的布局。”负责挖掘工作的研究员雷宇说。此处为定语从句修饰先行词researcher，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。61.believed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个占地12平方公里的遗址于1929年被发现，1986年取得重大突破，发现了两个据信是祭祀仪式用的坑。分析句子结构可知believe在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语twopits构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填believed。62.tomake【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些坑是当地农民在挖土制砖时偶然发现的。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填tomake。63.and【解析】考查连词。句意：当时发现了超过1000件物品，包括青铜器、口罩等。根据句意表示“等等”短语为andmore。故填and。64.recently【解析】考查副词。句意：雷指出，就出土物品的类型而言，最近发现的这些坑与1986年发现的两个坑有许多相似之处。修饰后文动词discovered，应用副词recently，作状语。故填recently。65.connection【解析】考查名词。句意：项目成员陈先丹说：“这些物品表明，三星堆遗址不仅与中原地区有着密切的联系，而且标志着一个原始的古代文明。”根据上文“aclose”可知应填名词connection，作宾语。故填connection。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack发来邮件说他被哈佛大学(HarvardUniversity)录取了。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，要点包括:1.表达祝贺;2.介绍你的学习情况;3.寻求建议。注意：1.词数100左右,2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【范文】DearJack，Iamdelightedtoknowthatyou'vebeenadmittedintoHarvardUniversity.Youhavebeenworkinghardforthisoverthepastyearsandyoureffortshavefinallypaidoff.Congratulations!Tobehonest,IplantostudyatoneofChina’stopuniversitieswhenIgraduatefromhighschool.Ihavepreparedforalongtime.However,withthecollegeentranceexamsdrawingnear,IsuddenlyfindmyselflosingconfidenceandfeelingafraidthatImightfail.Haveyoueverdoubtedyourselftoo?Iwouldappreciateitifyouwouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtodealwithmypresentsituation.Iamlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事，Carterenjoyedridingtheschoolbushome.Theridehomegavehimsometimetorelaxafterabusydayoffifthgrade.Heusuallysataloneandenjoyedthattoo.Withfoursiblings（兄妹）hedidn’tgetmuchtimealone.Sometimeshesatwithhisyoungerbrother,Jackson,butJacksonwassickathometoday.Thebusstoppedandthetallestboyinhisclass,Dexter,steppedofffollowedbyhisyoungerbrother,Billy.Asthebuspulledaway,Carterlookedbackoverhisshouldertowatchtheboys.Dexterwasyellingandwavinghishandsathislittlebrother.BillysaidsomethingCartercouldnothear.Dexteryelled,gavehisyoungerbrotherahardshoveandknockedhimtotheground.Billywasonthegroundwipingathiseyes,butDexterwalkedaway.Carterturnedinhisseat,feelingdisgusted.Hehatedseeinglittlekidsgetpickedon(欺负).ThesightofBillyonthegroundcryingwasburnedintohismemory.Hetriedtothinkofsomethingelse.Hethoughtofthemodelcarhewasworkingonathome,a1967Corvette.Hestartedbuildingitovera,weekagoandjustfinishedputtingittogetherlastnight.Tonight,assoonashefinishedhishomework,hecouldstartpaintingthecar.Thatwashisfavoritepart.Healreadyhadtheperfectcolorofbluepickedout.Hehurriedoffthebus,ranthroughhisyard,andbreezedthroughthekitchenwithaquickhellotohismom.Shewasmakingspaghetti,whichsmelleddelicious.Heranupthestairstwoatatimeandrushedintohisroom.“Surprise!”hisbrotherJacksonsaid,throwinghisarmsintotheair.“Whatareyoudoinginmyroom?Ithoughtyouweresick!”“Ifeelbetter!”“What’sonyourface?Areyoubleeding?”“No!I’mnotbleeding.”Jacksonwipedathisface.“It’sprobablyjustpaint.Look!LookwhatIdid!”HepointedatthedeskinthecornerofCarter’sroom.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1:Carterlookeddownathisdeskinhorror.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Cartertookadeepbreathandthenunfoldedhisfist.,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【范文】Onepossibleversion:Carterlookeddownathisdeskinhorror.HisCorvette!Jacksonhadpainteditred.Anawfuldullshadeofred!"Whywouldyoudothat?"Cartershouted."Iwantedtosurpriseyou!"Jacksongrinned,withhiseyesgleaming.Cartercouldfeeltheangergrowing,bubblingupinsidehim,hishandscurlingintofists.Jacksonkeptsayingsomething,butsoangrywasCarterthathecouldn'tevenhearaword."Doyoulikeit?Itriedsohard.Look!"askedJackson.Redpaintwassmearedacrosshisface,forehead,evenhair.LookingatJackson,Cartercouldn'thelpimagininghislittlebrotherspendingthewholedaycarefullypaintingthecar.Cartertookadeepbreathandthenunfoldedhisfist.PicturingthescenethatBillysitonthegroundwipingathiseyesashisbigbrotherDexterwalkedaway,Cartersteppedtowardthetablewherethecarwasstilldrying.Carterwasn'tsurewhattosay.Hedidn'twanttolie,buthedidn'twanttohurthisbrother'sfeelingseither.Jacksonwasonlytryingtosurprisehim.Hecouldseethatnow.“Doyou?Doyoulikeit?"Jacksoninsisted."EverytimeIlookatthiscar,I'mgoingtothinkofyou,"Carterresponded,asmilestretchingacrosshisface.Andthatwasthetruth."Now,we'dbettergetthatpaintoffyourfacebeforedinner."
