2021年重庆育才中学二诊模拟考试英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Giveuphisjob.B.Focusonhisstudy.C.Talkwithhisparents.2.WhatwasPetermostprobably?A.Acook.B.Adriver.C.Ateacher.3.Whatisthemandoing?A.Checkinganappointment.B.Bookingatable.C.Askingforsickleave.4.Whatdoesthewomanprobablyworryabout?A.Thelecture.B.Theinterview.C.Thefinalexam.5.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atanairport.B.Atabusstation.C.Inahotel.第二节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C,三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Buysomebooks.B.Borrowsomebooks.C.Applyforahistoryclass.7.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Impatient.B.Strict.C.Nice.听下面一段对话，回答第8、9题。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ashoppingcenter.B.Areport.C.Atask.9.WhatwillSharondofirst?A.Finishareport.B.Goshopping.C.Contactherboss.听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。10.Whenwillthewomangiveapresentation?A.OnSeptember7th.B.OnSeptember8th.C.OnSeptember9th.11.Whatwillthewomandolaterinthemorning?A.Workonseveralreports.B.MeetRachelandSam.CAttendameeting.12.HowwillMarkinformeveryoneofthedetailsofthemeeting?A.Byphone.B.Byletter.C.Byemail.听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoesthewomanprobablywork?A.Inashop.B.Inatravelagency.C.Inahotel.,14.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Gotraveling.B.Bookatrainticket.C.Buynewsunglasses.15.Whatdoesthemanwanttolearn?A.Howtoswim.B.Howtosurf.C.Howtobookahotel.16.WhyisMaythebesttimetovisitHawaii?A.Theexpensesarethelowest.B.Theweatherispleasant.C.Thesceneryisthemostbeautiful.听下面一段对话，回答第17至20题。17.WhatisOliverJohnson?A.Apoliceman.B.Areporter.C.Aprisoner.18.WhatisthecolorofFredBurke'shair?A.Gray.B.Brown.C.Dark.19.HowtallisKenMurray?A.170cm.B.175cm.C.180cm.20.Whatshouldyoudoifyouseetheprisoners?A.Makeacall.B.Talkwiththem.C.Gotothepolicestation.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AReadytostartanexcitingnewjourneyandpursueaneducationinNationalUniversityofSingapore?OverseasTrainingProgramforseniorhighschoolgraduatesmaybeyourchance.Ourteamisheretowalkyouthroughtheapplicationprocessandansweranyandallofyourquestionsalongtheway.Qualifications,•Theapplicantmustbeanon-Singaporeancitizenholdingaforeignpassport.•Applicantshavenocriminalrecord,observeSingaporeangovernmentlaws,regulations,andrespectthecustomsandhabitsoftheSingaporeanpeople.•Applicantsshouldbeover18yearsold.•Applicantsshouldbephysicallyandmentallyhealthy.•ApplicantsshouldbeabletocommunicateinEnglish.ApplicationTime：July10,2021toSeptember1,2021Enrollment（入学）Date：September10,2021ApplicationProcedure•Applicantsshouldvisittheofficialwebsitetoinquireaboutthe2021admissioninformationandfillintheApplicationForm.•Applicantsshallnametheapplicationmaterialsaccordingtothelist,packthefolderandsendittoourschoolandtheschoolwillevaluatetheadmissionqualification.•Applicantswhohavepassedtheadmissionqualificationreviewwillparticipateintheintervieworwrittentestorganizedbythedepartmentthatyouapplyfor.•Thequalifiedcandidateswillfinallyreceiveouradmissionletter.FeesItemsFull-timeGraduateProgramsTextbooksInsuranceAccommodationFees(peryear)$5,000$500$100SingleDouble$1,000$5001.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.BeingaSingaporeancitizen.B.Havingacleanpersonalrecord.C.Havingasoundbodyandmind.D.HavingagoodcommandofEnglish.,2.Whatcanensuretheapplicantsaninterviewopportunity?A.Ahightestscore.B.Anapplicationform.C.Overseasstudyingexperience.D.Qualifiedapplicationdocuments.3.What'sthetotalannualcostforastudenthopingtolivealone?A.$1,000.B.$6,600.C.$6,100.D.$5,600.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章以广告的形式介绍了新加坡国立大学的申请流程。【1题详解】细节理解题。由Qualifications下的第一段“Theapplicantmustbeanon-Singaporeancitizenholdingaforeignpassport.”（申请人必须是持有外国护照的非新加坡公民。），可知申请人必须是非新加坡公民，新加坡公民不能申请。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由ApplicationProcedure下的第二段“Applicantsshallnametheapplicationmaterialsaccordingtothelist,packthefolderandsendittoourschoolandtheschoolwillevaluatetheadmissionqualification.”（申请者应根据名单对申请材料进行命名，并将文件夹打包发送至我校，学校将对入学资格进行评估。），可知学校对入学资格进行评估，进行文件审查，所以要按照申请学校的要求准备文件，即拥有合格的申请文件才能确保申请人获得面试机会。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由Fees下的表格信息“Full-timeGraduatePrograms$5000”（全日制研究生课程5000美元），“Textbooks$500”（课本500美元），“Insurance$100”（保险100美元）和“Accommodation:Single$1,000Double$500”（住宿：单人1000美元双人500美元）可知，一个希望独居的学生每年的总费用是6600美元（5000美元+500美元+100美元+1000美元）。故选B项。BIhadmovedtoJapanforalong-termclientconsultingengagement.AfterafewdaysinaTokyohotel,Imovedtoanapartment.Afterbeingmovedinbymycolleagues,itwastimetoget,dinner.IfoundapizzadeliverflyerinmymailboxanddecidedtosimplyorderapizzaasImighthavethepreviousweekinManhattan.ThephonecalltoCaliPizzawaseasierthananticipatedandwhilewaitingforthepizzaIsetaboutunpacking.Unfortunately,after45minutesnopizza.Ifiguredthatmy“easy”callreallywasn’teasyandthatIwouldneedtomakealternativeplansfordinner.Whilethinkingaboutwhattodonext,myphonerang.ItwasCaliPizzacallingtosaythattheycouldnotfindmyapartmentbasedontheaddressthatIhadgiventhem.OnceitwasdeterminedthatIhadprovidedanincorrectaddress,theclerkonthephoneaskedmetodescribewhatIcouldseefrommywindow.AftersomebackandforththeyseemedsatisfiedthattheyknewwhereIwas.Afewminuteslaterthepizzaarrived.Thiswaswhenmy“customerdelight”experienceprevailed.First,thedeliverypersonapologizedrepeatedlyforbeinglate,thenheshowedmethesmallbluemetalplateonmybuildingwiththecorrectaddress,andfinallyherefusedtoacceptpaymentforthepizzabecausehewaslate.Netresult:onedelightedcustomer(me),andfrequentordersfromCaliPizzaduringmytwo-yearstayinJapan.Such“customerdelight”experiencesbecomestoriesIhaveusedtoshowwhatitmeanstotrulydelightacustomer.4.Whatdidthewriterdofirstafterhemovedintheapartment?A.Hedeliveredflyers.B.Heplacedanorder.C.Hecalledhiscolleagues.D.Hesetaboutunpacking.5.Whywasthedeliverydelayed?A.Thenumberontheflyerwasinaccurate.B.Theclerkwasunfamiliarwiththeaddress.C.Thewriterprovidedaninaccurateaddress.D.Thepizzawassenttoawrongaddress.6.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“prevailed”underlinedinparagraph3?A.fadedaway.B.brokedown.C.paidoff.D.tookover.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.It’snevereasytosettledowninanewcity.B.Ashort-termlossofbenefitmayrewardalot.,C.Onecan’tbetoocarefulwhenplacinganorder.D.Adelayeddeliverysurelyresultsingoodprofit.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者点披萨输错了地址，但是送餐员最终通过联系找到了正确地址并拒绝收费，让作者感到很高兴。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Ifoundapizzadeliverflyerinmymailbox,anddecidedtosimplyorderapizza.”（在我的邮箱里发现了一个送披萨的传单，于是决定简单地订一个披萨。）可知，作者到达公寓后，首先下了一个订单。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“OnceitwasdeterminedthatIhadprovidedanincorrectaddress,theclerkonthephoneaskedmetodescribewhatIcouldseefrommywindow.”（当我确定我提供的地址是错误的时候，电话里的接线员要求我描述一下我从窗口所能看到的东西）可推知，快递迟到是因为作者提供了错误的地址。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词后文“First,thedeliverypersonapologizedrepeatedlyforbeinglate,thenheshowedmethesmallbluemetalplateonmybuildingwiththecorrectaddress,andfinallyherefusedtoacceptpaymentforthepizzabecausehewaslate.”（首先，快递员为迟到多次道歉，然后他给我看了我大楼上的蓝色小金属板，上面有正确的地址，最后他拒绝接受披萨的付款，因为他迟到了。）可知，作者的“顾客愉悦”体验占据了主导地位了，所以猜测划线词表示“掌控、支配”的意思。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Netresult:onedelightedcustomer(me),andfrequentordersfromCaliPizzaduringmytwo-yearstayinJapan.”（最终的结果是：一个满意的顾客(我)，在我在日本的两年时间里，经常订购Cali披萨。）可推断，虽然快递员损失了这笔单的钱，但却因此让顾客有了良好的体验，得到了作者的喜爱，从而使得作者经常订购Cali披萨，因此推断短期利益的损失可能会带来很大的回报。故选B项。CDuringadeclineintourism,onenationalparkinThailandhasseenadramaticrisein“visitors”,recently.Somanyarethehermitcrabs（寄居蟹）floodingintotheotherwiseemptybeachesofKohLantathatshells（贝壳）forthemtoliveinhavebecomeinshortsupply.TheThaigovernmentmovedquicklytoeasethehousingshortage,launchingapublicappealforemptyshellsthatnettedover200kg.OnDecember5theseweredistributedaroundtheparkinaceremony.Hermitcrabsrelyonshellstoprotecttheirsoftbodies,movingtolargershellsastheygrow.OnKohLantaandthesurroundingsmallerislands,theirrapidincreaseseemstobeanaturalphenomenon,ratherthandirectlyrelatedtotheabsenceoftourists.Buttheshortageofshellsmaybeman-made：prettyoneshavelongbeengatheredtobesoldasgoods.Crabshadbeguntomakedowithpotentialdeath-trapssuchasplasticcapsandbottles.Theshelldrivewaspartofagovernmentinitiativeto“regainthebalanceofnature”.“Ihaveinstructedallnationalparkstodowhateverittakes,”saysVarawutSilpa-archa,theministerfornaturalresources.HisinspirationcomesfromthepauseintourismbroughtonbyCOVID-19.Abanoninternationalvisitorsandtheclosureofnationalparkshavehelpednaturerecover,bringingendangeredleatherbackturtlesbackontoThaibeaches.InthecoastalprovincesofPhangNgaandPhuket,turtleshavelaidthelargestnumberofeggsfor20years.ThegovernmenthasdecidedtotrytocopytheshortbreakforcedonitbyCOVID-19infuture.Fromnowon,allnationalparkswillberequiredtocloseforashortperiodduringtheoff-seasonandtolimitthenumberoftouriststhroughareservationsystemwhentheyareopen.Althoughsuchrestrictionsmeanreducedearningsfromtourismintheshortterm,inthelongerrunmoreparksmayhelptokeepthetouristscoming.8.WhathappenedtothebeachesofKohLantarecently?A.Theygotfloodedbyseawater.B.Theybecamecompletelyempty.C.Theywerepackedwithhermitcrabs.D.Theysawaconstantstreamoftourists.9.Whatcontributedtothehousingshortageforhermitcrabs?A.Naturaldisasters.B.Humanactivities.C.Theirpreferenceforbottles.,D.Thegovernment'sinvolvement.10.Whyareturtlesmentionedinparagraph4?A.Towarnturtlesaredyingout.B.Toprovebeachesaretheiridealhabitats.C.TostressecologicaldiversityofThailand.D.ToillustratethebirthofVarawut’sinspiration.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DevelopingEconomyorProtectingAnimals?B.ClosingNationalParksorDrawingMoreVisitors?C.GovernmentsareResponsiblefortheBalanceofNatureD.AuthoritiesHelptoFindSheltersforHomelessHermitCrabs【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，在旅游业下滑期间，寄居蟹数量暴涨，泰国政府向公众发出呼吁，要求提供净重超过200公斤的空壳给寄居蟹居住。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Somanyarethehermitcrabs（寄居蟹）floodingintotheotherwiseemptybeachesofKohLantathatshells（贝壳）forthemtoliveinhavebecomeinshortsupply.”（许多寄居蟹涌入原本空旷的科兰塔海滩，以至于供它们居住的贝壳变得供不应求。），可知原本空旷的科兰塔海滩现在有许多寄居蟹，以至于贝壳都不够住了，说明科兰塔海滩挤满了寄居蟹。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Buttheshortageofshellsmaybeman-made：prettyoneshavelongbeengatheredtobesoldasgoods.”（但贝壳的短缺可能是人为的：漂亮的贝壳早就被收集起来作为商品出售了。），可知贝壳是寄居蟹的住房，但贝壳的短缺可能是人为的，因为漂亮的贝壳早就被人类收集起来作为商品出售了，所以是人类活动导致了寄居蟹的住房短缺。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中的“HisinspirationcomesfromthepauseintourismbroughtonbyCOVID-19.Abanoninternationalvisitorsandtheclosureofnationalparkshavehelpednaturerecover,,bringingendangeredleatherbackturtlesbackontoThaibeaches.InthecoastalprovincesofPhangNgaandPhuket,turtleshavelaidthelargestnumberofeggsfor20years.”（他的灵感来自于CO-VID-19带来的旅游业停顿。禁止国际游客和关闭国家公园有助于自然恢复，将濒危的棱皮龟带回泰国海滩。在沿海省份邦加和普吉岛，海龟产卵数量已达20年之久。），可知CO-VID-19的禁令将濒危的棱皮龟带回了泰国海滩，这是自然恢复的例子，而VarawutSilpa-archa的灵感正是来源于这次海龟拯救行动，所以提到海龟是为了说明Varawut灵感的诞生。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。第一段讲“旅游业下滑期间，许多寄居蟹涌入原本空旷的科兰塔海滩，供它们居住的贝壳变得供不应求”，第二段讲“为了解决寄居蟹住房问题，泰国政府向公众发出呼吁，要求提供净重超过200公斤的空贝壳”，第三段讲“人类活动导致寄居蟹住房短缺”，第四段讲“政府的贝壳行动的目的和灵感来源”，最后一段讲“泰国政府已经决定在未来尝试复制CO-VID-19的政策，使旅游业短暂休息以恢复生态”，可知文章主要讲泰国政府帮助无家可归的寄居蟹寻找庇护所，D项“当局帮助无家可归的寄居蟹寻找庇护所”符合文意。故选D项。DIfMarswerethepopularkidinschool,Venus（金星）wouldbetheunwelcomeonesittinginthecorner,largelyignored.VenushasnearlythesamemassandsizeasEarth,butbeingclosertothesun,itgetsnearlytwiceasmuchheatfromthesun.However,insteadofhavingaclimatethatisjustawarmerversionofEarth’s,Venus’ssurfaceandatmosphereareunbearable:cloudsofsulphuricacid(硫酸)blankettheplanet,whileatgroundlevel,itishotenoughtomeltlead.Despitethis,thereisnowasignthatVenusmayharbourlife.JaneGreavesatCardiffUniversity,UK,andhercolleaguesrecentlydetectedphosphine(磷化氢)inVenus’satmosphere,withonepotentialexplanationthatitistheby-productofbiology.ThatisbecausetheonlywaythisgasismadeonEarthisinlaboratoriesorbymicrobes(微生物).Thoughthisdoesn'tmeanitwasproducedbylifeonVenus,attemptstofindnon-biologicalexplanationsforitspresencehavesofarfailed.OurbestwayofconfirmingorrejectingthepossibilityoflifeonVenusistogoandhaveaproperlook.WhileMarshasbeenthefocusofinterplanetaryexplorationeffortslately,thephosphinediscoveryletspeoplelookatVenusinanewlight.AsNASAadministratorJim,Bridenstinetweeted:“It’stimetoprioritizeVenus.”Inthemonthsandyearstocome,computersimulationswillbeusedtofurtherstudythepossiblechemistriesoftheatmosphereonVenus.Morelaboratoryexperimentswillbeconductedtotrytoidentifyotherwaysthephosphinetherecouldbeproduced.However,thereisnoguaranteethattheseeffortswillrevealthetruenatureofthissubstanceonVenus.Anewly-proposedstrategyistodirectlysampletheatmosphereandsurfaceofVenus.Bydoingso,wewouldbeabletotakedirectmeasurementsofphosphine.ThediscoveryofphosphineinVenus'satmosphereisagreataccomplishment.Thescientificeffortsmaybejustwhatweneedtofinallyrefocusonthisneglectedworld.Possibly,thequietkidinthecornermaygetthelastlaugh.12.WhichdescriptionaboutVenusisnottrue?A.ItisalmostaslargeasEarth.B.IthasnearlythesamemassasEarth.C.IthasawarmerEarth-likeclimate.D.Ithastheunbearablesurfaceandatmosphere.13.WhatcanthediscoveryofphosphineonVenusindicate?A.Thiskindofgasisverycommon.B.Theremightexistsignsoflife.C.Manyproductscanbemadewithit.D.Experimentswereonceconductedthere.14.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Theapproachestoexploringphosphine.B.Theimportanceofobservations.C.Thepowerofcomputersimulations.D.Thenecessitytoanalysephosphine.15.Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetotheexplorationofVenus?A.Casual.B.Cautious.C.Supportive.D.Doubtful.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C,【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。随着磷化氢被发现在金星，科学家们相信金星上可能孕育着生命。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“However,insteadofhavingaclimatethatisjustawarmerversionofEarth’s,Venus’ssurfaceandatmosphereareunbearable:cloudsofsulphuricacid(硫酸)blankettheplanet,whileatgroundlevel,itishotenoughtomeltlead.”（然而，金星的气候并不像地球那样温暖，金星的表面和大气层令人难以忍受:硫酸云覆盖了整个行星，而在地面上，温度高到足以融化铅。）由此可知，C选项“金星有像地球一样温暖的气候”错误。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Despitethis,thereisnowasignthatVenusmayharbourlife.”（尽管如此，现在有迹象表明金星可能孕育生命）根据第三段“JaneGreavesatCardiffUniversity,UK,andhercolleaguesrecentlydetectedphosphine(磷化氢)inVenus’satmosphere,withonepotentialexplanationthatitistheby-productofbiology.”（英国卡迪夫大学的简·格里夫斯和她的同事最近在金星的大气层中发现了磷化氢，一种可能的解释是，它是生物的副产品）由此可知，磷化氢的发现表明金星上可能有生命的迹象。故选B项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“Inthemonthsandyearstocome,computersimulationswillbeusedtofurtherstudythepossiblechemistriesoftheatmosphereonVenus.Morelaboratoryexperimentswillbeconductedtotrytoidentifyotherwaysthephosphinetherecouldbeproduced.However,thereisnoguaranteethattheseeffortswillrevealthetruenatureofthissubstanceonVenus.Anewly-proposedstrategyistodirectlysampletheatmosphereandsurfaceofVenus.Bydoingso,wewouldbeabletotakedirectmeasurementsofphosphine.”（在未来的几个月和几年里，计算机模拟将被用来进一步研究金星大气可能的化学性质。将进行更多的实验室实验，试图确定生产磷化氢的其他方法。然而，不能保证这些努力会揭示金星上这种物质的真实性质。一个新提出的策略是直接对金星的大气层和表面进行取样。通过这样做，我们将能够直接测量磷化氢。）可知，第五段主要是关于探索磷化氢的方法。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThediscoveryofphosphineinVenus'satmosphereisagreataccomplishment.Thescientificeffortsmaybejustwhatweneedtofinallyrefocusonthisneglectedworld.Possibly,thequietkidinthecornermaygetthelastlaugh.,”（在金星大气中发现磷化氢是一项伟大的成就。科学努力可能正是我们最终重新关注这个被忽视的世界所需要的。也许，角落里安静的孩子会笑到最后。）由此判断出，作者对于探索金星持支持的态度。故选C项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Psychologistshavelongbelievedthathumanbeingshaveafairlyconsistent“negativitybias（消极偏见）”thatleadsustopaymoreattentiontonegativethoughts,feelingsandeventsthantopositiveones.____16____Thereisapositiveexplanationforthequestion.Afterall,wearemotivatedtogrowafteramisstep.However,wecan'tabandonourselvestothenegativitybiasforever.How?____17____PracticePositivity.Likeyourmuscles,yourthoughtpatternsrespondtohowtheyareusedandexercised.Youdon'thavetoerasethenegativitybiasfromyourmind.____18____Forexample,setcalendarremindersthroughoutyourdaytoconveyanexpressionofgratitudeorsimplyadjustyourbodylanguagesoyou'reholdingyourselfwithstrengthandconfidence.____19____We'relivinginatimeofpandemicorfinancialstressanddeepdivision.Ournegativitybiasescallourattentiontowardthoserealities.Butwearewellservedtoalsoseetheopportunitiesinthismoment：Maybethere'sahomeprojectweotherwisewouldn'thavefoundtimetotackle.AskforPositiveReminders.Getinthehabitofcheckinginwithpeoplewhoarewithyouwhengoodnessfindsyoutoday.Mentiontothem,“Thatisanunexpectedbitofpraisefromtheboss,isn'tit?”____20____Andwhoknows,youmayhelpyourfriend,familymemberorcoworkerhaveamorepositivedayaswell!A.Trythefollowingsuggestedideas.B.Redefinenegativityasanopportunity.C.Instead,practiceyourpositivelifestyle.D.Itsnegativeinfluencecanneverbeavoided.E.Whyandhowdoesthisphenomenonhappen?F.Howdoyouhandleitasyoutrytolivewithmorepositivity?G.Askingotherstoconfirmyourpositiveinsightscanfacilitateyourpositivity.【答案】16.E17.A18.C19.B20.G,【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，人类有一种相当一致的“消极偏见”，但人们不能永远沉浸在消极偏见中，文章给了一些方法帮助人们走出消极偏见。【16题详解】由上一句“Psychologistshavelongbelievedthathumanbeingshaveafairlyconsistent“negativitybias（消极偏见）”thatleadsustopaymoreattentiontonegativethoughts,feelingsandeventsthantopositiveones.”（心理学家长期以来一直认为，人类有一种相当一致的“消极偏见”，这导致我们更多地关注消极的思想、情感和事件，而不是积极的思想、情感和事件。）和下一句“Thereisapositiveexplanationforthequestion.”（对这个问题有一个肯定的解释。）可知，上句提到了“消极偏见”这种消极的心理问题现象，下句又说这个问题有一个肯定的解释，可得出该空填写内容应与解释这种现象为什么和如何发生的信息有关，承接上下文，E选项“这种现象为什么会发生，又是如何发生的？”切题。故选E项。【17题详解】由上两句“However,wecan'tabandonourselvestothenegativitybiasforever.How?”（然而，我们不能永远沉浸在消极偏见中。怎样做呢？），第二段首句“PracticePositivity.”（实践积极性。）和最后一段首句“AskforPositiveReminders.”（索要积极的提醒。）及下文内容可知，上文说人们不能永远沉浸在消极偏见中，下文讲走出消极偏见的一些建议（如实践积极性和要求积极的提醒），可得出该空填写的内容与提供建议有关，承接上下文，A选项“尝试以下建议。”切题。故选A项。【18题详解】由本段小标题“PracticePositivity.”（实践积极性。）和上一句“Youdon'thavetoerasethenegativitybiasfromyourmind.”（你不必消除你心中的消极偏见。）可知，作者建议读者在生活中去实践积极性，即以积极的态度去生活，所以无需消除你心中的消极偏见，只需在生活中不断实践积极的生活方式，承接上文，C选项“相反，练习你积极的生活方式。”切题。故选C项。【19题详解】根据本段内容，归纳出小标题。由本段后文“We'relivinginatimeofpandemicorfinancialstressanddeepdivision.Ournegativitybiasescallourattentiontowardthoserealities.Butwearewellservedtoalsoseetheopportunitiesinthismoment：Maybethere'sahomeprojectweotherwisewouldn'thavefoundtimetotackle.,”（我们生活在一个大流行病、经济压力和严重分裂的时代。我们的消极偏见要求我们关注这些现实。但我们也很乐意看到这一刻的机遇：也许有一个家庭项目，否则我们就没有时间去解决。）可知，即使我们的消极偏见要求我们关注那些消极的现实，但我们也要在消极中看到机遇，可得出本段主要讲在消极中找到机遇，承接下文，B选项“将消极性重新定义为机遇。”切题。故选B项。【20题详解】由本段小标题“AskforPositiveReminders.”（索要积极的提醒。）和上一句“Mentiontothem,“Thatisanunexpectedbitofpraisefromtheboss,isn'tit?””（对他们说：“这是老板出乎意料的表扬，不是吗？”）可知，在本段中作者建议读者要去向别人索要积极的提醒来摆脱消极偏见，如用反义疑问句“这是老板出乎意料的表扬，不是吗？”来肯定自己的积极性，承接上文，G选项“让别人确认你的积极见解可以促进你的积极性。”切题。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thephrase“OnePersonCanMakeaDifference”isoneofthosesayingsthatweteachyoungsters.Weuseitto___21___themtodosomethingkind,tohelpanotherperson.As____22____,dowereallybelievethis?Orisita(n)___23___justforyoungpeople?Almost15yearsagowhiledrivingacrosstown,Iwaslisteningtoaradiointerviewandheardastoryof____24____andcommitmentthatwasinspiring.Awomanhad____25____tenwintercoatsontheThanksgivingweekendtodonatethemattheOneWarmCoatDrive.Sheknewthecityhadmanyhomelesspeopleandfamiliesin____26____.Sheknewher____27____coatscouldmakeadifferencebetweencoldand____28____fortenpeoplethatwinter.Shewasonlyoneperson,____29____itwasheractionthat____30____methattherewouldalwaysbeaneedformorecoats.Nearly15yearslater,OneWarmCoathas___31___inspiredthedonation—over4millioncoatsacrossthecountry.Asthenationalfounder,Ifeelmyheartisfulland____32____,knowingthatwe,eachoneofus,canmakearealdifferenceinthelivesofthousandseachfallandwinter.That'stheripple（涟漪）effectof____33____.Sowhenyoustepforwardtodonateyourtime,or___34___anitem,orhelpyourneighbor,perhapswondering“Willmyeffortreally___35___?”Icantellyouthatitwill!21.A.forceB.encourageC.preferD.invite,22.A.citizensB.victimsC.adultsD.amateurs23.A.lessonB.trapC.excuseD.obstacle24.A.braveryB.curiosityC.selflessnessD.sadness25.A.tailoredB.designedC.sparedD.purchased26.A.needB.vainC.returnD.control27.A.extraB.wornC.casualD.smart28.A.fortuneB.comfortC.confidenceD.gratitude29A.andB.soC.orD.yet30.A.pressedB.frightenedC.convincedD.shocked31.A.hardlyB.greatlyC.occasionallyD.narrowly32.A.anxiousB.warmC.concernedD.disappointed33.A.kindnessB.loyaltyC.cooperationD.wisdom34.A.putawayB.takeinC.giveawayD.handin35.A.changeB.respondC.improveD.matter【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.A27.A28.B29.D30.C31.B32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者叙述了15年前听到的一个电台采访：一位妇女在感恩节周末购买了十件冬衣，准备在“OneWarmCoat（一件温暖的外套）”活动中捐赠。结合15年后OneWarmCoat再次激发了捐赠——全国超过400万件外套被捐出的事件，告诉我们：每个人的努力真的很重要。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们用它来鼓励他们做一些善事，帮助他人。A.force强迫；B.encourage鼓励；C.prefer更喜欢；D.invite邀请。根据前文的“Thephrase“OnePersonCan,MakeaDifference”isoneofthosesayingsthatweteachyoungsters.”（“一个人可以有所作为”这句话是我们教年轻人的格言之一。）可知，我们常用这句话来鼓励他们做一些善事，帮助他人。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词。句意：作为成年人，我们真的相信这一点吗？A.citizens公民；B.victims受害者；C.adults成年人；D.amateurs业余爱好者。根据“youngpeople”可知，年轻人相对成年人。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词。句意：还是仅仅针对年轻人的一堂课程？A.lesson课程；B.trap陷阱；C.excuse借口；D.obstacle障碍物。根据上文提到的“Thephrase“OnePersonCanMakeaDifference”isoneofthosesayingsthatweteachyoungsters.”（“一个人可以有所作为”这句话是我们教年轻人的格言之一。）可知这里指的是还是仅仅针对年轻人的一堂课程？故选A。【24题详解】考查名词。句意：大约15年前，当我开车穿过小镇时，我听了一个电台采访，听到了一个关于无私奉献的令人振奋的故事。A.bravery勇敢；B.curiosity好奇；C.selflessness；D.sadness哀伤。结合下句中“AwomanhadpurchasedtenwintercoatsontheThanksgivingweekendtodonatethemattheOneWarmCoatDrive.”（一位妇女在感恩节周末购买了十件冬衣，准备在“一件温暖的外套”活动中捐赠。），结合本句中and后的并列成分commitment（奉献），可知应该选择无私，即一个关于无私奉献的令人振奋的故事。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位妇女在感恩节周末购买了十件冬衣，准备在“一件温暖的外套”活动中捐赠。A.tailored定制；B.designed设计；C.spared抽出，匀出；D.purchased购买。根据本句中提到的“ontheThanksgivingweekendtodonate”（在感恩节的周末去捐赠）和下句中的“homelesspeople（无家可归的人）”可知应该是买了十件冬衣去捐赠。故选择D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道这个城市有很多无家可归的人和需要帮助的家庭。介词in和四个选项A.need需要；B.vain徒劳；C.return返回；D.control控制。结合本句中的“manyhomelesspeopleandfamilies”（很多无家可归的人和家庭），可知应该是通过捐赠帮助处于困难中人和家庭。inneed“困难”。故选A。,【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她知道她的额外的外套在那个冬天能对十个人在寒冷和舒适之间有影响。A.extra额外的；B.worn磨损的；C.casual随意的，休闲的；D.smart聪明的。结合上文中“AwomanhadpurchasedtenwintercoatsontheThanksgivingweekendtodonatethemattheOneWarmCoatDrive.”（一位妇女在感恩节周末购买了十件冬衣，准备在“一件温暖的外套”活动中捐赠。）可知应该睡额外的外套对被捐赠者有影响。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道她的额外的外套在那个冬天能对十个人在寒冷和舒适之间有影响。A.fortune财富；B.comfort舒适；C.confidence信心；D.gratitude感激。根据本句中的makeadifferencebetweencoldand…（在寒冷和……之间有影响），应该选择和cold相对的词。故选B。【29题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：她只是一个人，然而，正是她的行为让我相信，永远都需要更多的外套。A.and和，并且；B.so所以；C.or或者；D.yet然而。本句中“Shewasonlyoneperson,”(她只是一个人)和“itwasheractionthatconvincedmethattherewouldalwaysbeaneedformorecoats”(正是她的行为让我相信，永远都需要更多的外套)是转折关系，应该用yet符合题意。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只是一个人，然而，正是她的行为让我相信，永远都需要更多的外套。A.pressed按压；B.frightened使害怕；C.convinced使相信；D.shocked使震惊。本句中含有强调句式强调了主语“heraction”（她的行为）结合上下文的捐赠活动应该是让我相信永远都需要更多的外套。故选C。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：近15年后，一件温暖的外套（活动）极大地激发了捐赠——全国超过400万件外套被捐赠。A.hardly几乎没有；B.greatly极大地；C.occasionally偶尔；D.narrowly狭隘地。根据空格后的“inspiredthedonation—over4millioncoatsacrossthecountry.”（激发了捐赠——全国超过400万件外套被捐赠），可知这里应该是选择表示程度的副词：极大地。故选B。【32题详解】,考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为国家的缔造者，我感到我的心是充实的、温暖的，因为我知道我们每个人都可以在每年的秋冬给成千上万的人的生活带来真正的改变。A.anxious焦虑的；B.warm温暖的；C.concerned担心的，有关的；D.disappointed失望的。根据空格前的full（充实的），and应该连接并列成分，选择“温暖的”符合题意。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是善意的涟漪影响。A.kindness善意，好心；B.loyalty忠诚；C.cooperation合作；D.wisdom智慧。根据前文提到的“inspiredthedonation—over4millioncoatsacrossthecountry.”（激发了捐赠——全国超过400万件外套被捐赠），可知应该是每个人的善意的影响，选择“善意”符合题意。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以，当你站出来贡献你的时间，或者赠送一件物品，或者帮助你的邻居时，也许会想“我的努力真的重要吗？”我可以告诉你，它真的重要！A.putaway放好，储存；B.takein吸收，理解，欺骗；C.giveaway赠送，泄露；D.handin上交。根据本句中的donateyourtime（贡献你的时间）和连词or（或者），可知选择并列关系的动词短语，“赠送一件物品”符合题意。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，当你站出来贡献你的时间，或者赠送一件物品，或者帮助你的邻居时，也许会想“我的努力真的重要吗？”我可以告诉你，它真的重要！A.change改变；B.respond回应；C.improve提高；D.matter起重要作用。根据上下文可知应该是问“我的努力真的重要吗？”和文章首句中Thephrase“OnePersonCanMakeaDifference”（“一个人可以有所作为”这句话）相呼应。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaspeedisamazingtheworld.Whileothercountriesarestrugglingtomakehigh-speedrailwaya____36____(real),theChinaRailwayCorporationhasbeenbusyingitselfinlayingdownover25,000kmofhigh-speedtracksoverthepasttenyears—accountingforroughlytwo____37____(three)oftheworld’stotallengthofhigh-speedraillines.Uptonow,China_____38_____(build)thelargesthigh-speedrailnetworkworldwide.Theimpactsgowellbeyondtherailwaysector.Italsoincludeschangedpatternsofurbandevelopment,increasesintourism,andgrowthofregionaleconomy.Toboostregionalintegrationandeconomicgrowth,plansforhigh-speedmaglev(磁悬浮)lineswithtrains_____39_____(travel)ataspeedof,600kphormorearetakingshapeinmoreChinesecities.“Chinastartedoperating_____40_____(it)firstmaglevrailwaymorethanadecadeago.______41______,forlackofcriticaltechnologiesatthattime,weonlyconcentratedonconventionalhigh-speedrail,”saidSunZhang,_____42_____isaleadingrailwayspecialist.Buttheresearchteam,____43____(lead)byhim,triedtheirbesttolearnadvancedtechnologiesfromforeigncountriesandeventuallydevelopedourowninnovations.Thereisnodenyingthatalloftheseachievementsmakeourtravelconvenientand_____44_____(rely),especiallyduring“Chunyun”,______45______annualtestontheChina'stransportationsystem.Thanksto“Chinaspeed”,peoplecangobackhomeforreunionswithfamiliesandfriendsintime.【答案】36.reality37.thirds38.hasbuilt39.travelling##traveling40.its41.However##Nevertheless42.who43.led44.reliable45.an【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国高速铁路的快速发展，带动了城市，经济和旅游业的发展，为人们提供了更多的便利。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：其他国家正在努力实现高速铁路时，中国铁路总公司却在过去十年里忙于铺设超过2.5万公里的高速铁路——约占世界高速铁路总长度的三分之二。分析句子可知，冠词修饰单数可数名词，故填reality。【37题详解】考查数词。句意：其他国家正在努力实现高速铁路时，中国铁路总公司却在过去十年里忙于铺设超过2.5万公里的高速铁路——约占世界高速铁路总长度的三分之二。分析句子可知，设空处应该是分数的分母，分数的表达为分子是基数词，分母是序数词，当分子大于一时，分母用复数，故填thirds。【38题详解】,考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建设了全球最大的高速铁路网。分句句子可知，build是谓语动词，由时间状语Uptonow可知，用现在完成时，主语China是第三人称单数，故填hasbuilt。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了促进区域一体化和经济增长，时速600公里或以上的高速磁浮线路计划正在中国更多城市形成。分析句子可知，谓语动词是“aretakingshape”，故travel用非谓语动词形式作定语修饰trains，trains与travel之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，故填travelling/traveling。【40题详解】考查代词。句意：十多年前，中国开始运营它的首条磁悬浮铁路。修饰名词railway用形容词性物主代词，故填its。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，由于当时缺乏关键技术，我们只专注于传统高速铁路，铁路专家孙章说。根据句意，此处与上文是转折关系，且由逗号与主句隔开，故填However##Nevertheless。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，“____7____isaleadingrailwayspecialist”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词SunZhang，设空处为引导词，在从句中做主语，指人，引导非限制性定语从句用关系代词who，故填who。43题详解】考查过去分词。句意：但是他领导的研究团队，尽他们最大的努力从国外学习先进的技术，最终开发出我们自己的创新。分析句子可知，设空处修饰theresearchteam作定语，和被修饰语theresearchteam之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填led。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：不可否认，所有这些成就都使我们的旅行变得方便和可靠，特别是在“春运”期间，这是中国交通系统的一次年度测试。分析句子可知，设空处和convenient并列为宾语补足语，应用形容词，故填reliable。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词，并且前面有形容词，应用冠词，根据句意，此处泛指“一次年度测试”，且设空后的词annual以元音因素开头，故填an。,第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假如你是校英文报编辑李华，你报拟举行以三牛精神为主题的征文活动。请用英语为本活动写一份征稿启事，内容如下：1.活动目的；2.稿件要求；3.截稿日期及投稿方式。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：三牛精神thespiritoftheox:diligence\innovation\hardworkwithoutcomplaintsContributionsWanted______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________EditorialSectionApril32021【答案】ContributionsWantedAimedatpromotingstudents'understandingofthespiritoftheox,theschoolEnglishnewspaperisgoingtoholdanEnglishEssayContestnextmonth.Requirementsareasfollows.Firstly,allentriesmustbethemedonthespiritoftheox,whichmeansdiligence,innovationandhardworkwithoutcomplaints.Next,youressaysshouldbeassociatedwiththereallifeofteenagerswithamaximumof300words.Pleasedon'tmissthedeadline—March25,2021andsubmityourentriestoenglishnewspaper@yahoo,com.ThewinningentrieswillbepublishedinourAprilissue.Lookingforwardtoyouractiveparticipation.EditorialSectionApril3,2021,【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英语为以三牛精神为主题的征文活动写一份征稿启事。【详解】1.词汇积累比赛：competitor→contest改善：improve→promote与……有关：berelatedto→beassociatedwith提交：handin→submit2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Aimedatpromotingstudents'understandingofthespiritoftheox,theschoolEnglishnewspaperisgoingtoholdanEnglishEssayContestnextmonth.拓展句：TheschoolEnglishnewspaperisgoingtoholdanEnglishEssayContestnextmonth,whichaimsatpromotingstudents'understandingofthespiritoftheox.【点睛】[高分句型1]Aimedatpromotingstudents'understandingofthespiritoftheox,theschoolEnglishnewspaperisgoingtoholdanEnglishEssayContestnextmonth.Requirementsareasfollows.(运用了过去分词作状语)[高分句型2]Firstly,allentriesmustbethemedonthespiritoftheox,whichmeansdiligence,innovationandhardworkwithoutcomplaints.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Idon’twanttoseethatcatinouryardagain,”myhusbandsaidashedrovethebeautifulcatbackintotheneighbor’syard.“Catsaren’tlikedogs,honey.Theyareveryindependentandtendtomovearoundwherevertheyplease,especiallyiftheyaremousing,”Isaid.“Well,textourneighborandletherknowIdon’Iappreciatehercatinouryard,”heinsisted.Sighing,Isentoffaquicktexttooursweetneighbor,Cheryl,informingherofmyhusband’sdislikeofcats.“I’lldomybest,”sherepliedsometimelater,“butit’skindofhardcontrollingwhereshegoeswhenIletheroutside.”Thefollowingmorning,Johnstoodatthepicturewindowinourbedroom.He’dinstalleditsothatIcouldwatchthebirdsvisitingourfeeders.“Youaren’tgoingtobelievethis,”hesaid.“Comelook!”Slowly,Iapproachedthewindow,,prayingCheryl’scatwasn’tinouryard.“Oh,myGod!”Icried.Seatedsidebyside,rightinthecenterofouryard,weretwoenormousgroundhogs(土拨鼠).We’dobservedgroundhogsbefore,especiallysinceourbackyardbacks,uptoawoodedarea,butnever,hadtheybeenasbraveasthesetwo.Johnraisedthewindow,andthetworacedintothewoods.Thatevening,Ihappenedtoglanceoutthepicturewindow.Thensomethingcaughtmyeyein.theflowerbedbeyond.“John,comequick!”Hurriedly,heenteredthebedroomjustintimetoseeoneofthegroundhogschewingontheflowerswe’dplantedaroundthewaterfountain.“Why,it’seatingeverysingleblossom!”Again,Johnliftedthewindow,andthegroundhogfledintothewoods.“Hmmm,Ibetterlookupgroundhogsonthecomputerandseejusthowdestructivetheycanbe.”Beforehelefttheroom,however,hesawsomethingagain.Agroundhogwaschewingourvegetablesinthecenterofthegarden.Acrosstheyard,we’dplantedavegetablegarden.We’dtakengreatpainstoenclosetherowsandrowsofplantsinchickenwire.注意：1.续写词数应150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。“Something’sgottobedone!”Johnshouted.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Icouldn’thelpsmilingtomyselfasIwenttosearchformycellphone.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1:“Something’sgottobedone!”Johnshouted.Hewenttostartthecomputerintheotherroom.“Itsaysherethatgroundhogsdonotlikecats...infact,theyhatethesmellofsoiledkittylitter.”Ithoughtabouttheabsenceofourneighbor’scatlately.“Youknow,Ihaven’tseenCheryl’scatmousinginouryardforsometime.Iwonderifthat’sthereasonthesegroundhogshavegottensobrave.”Johnglancedinmydirection.“Youmighthavesomethingthere.Whydon’tyoutextCherylandletherknowtheeatbanhasbeenremoved.”Paragraph2:Icouldn’thelpsmilingtomyselfasIwenttosearchformycellphone.Thatevening,wespottedthesweetyellowcatmovingaroundtheborderofourwoodsinsearchofmice.Thegroundhogswerenowhereinsight.“It’sbeautifulevening,isn’tit?”Myhusbandsmiledaswe,satonthesofa.Thesunsetpaintedtheskypink,purpleandgold.Icouldn’thelpsighingcontentedly.Cheryl’scatmeowedinthedistance.“Youmightsayit’sabsolutelyperfect!”【解析】【分析】本文以邻居家的猫为线索展开，讲述了作者的丈夫约翰不喜欢邻居家的猫到自己家院子里，作者只好发短信给邻居，要求邻居控制家里的猫，结果没过多久，作者家院子里经常出现胆大的土拨鼠，啃食蔬菜，破坏花木。作者一家又想起邻居家那只猫，把猫请来了，土拨鼠吓跑了。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“‘一定要做点什么（采取措施）！’约翰喊道。”可知，第一段可描写作者丈夫想办法，解决土拨鼠的问题。②由第二段首句内容“我情不自禁地笑了，一边去找我的手机。”可知，第二段可描写作者发短信给邻居，请求邻居把猫放过来，驱除土拨鼠。2.续写线索：积极——想办法——请求——驱除土拨鼠——满意3.词汇激活行为类①想办法：trytofindasolution/thinkofaway②驱除土拨鼠：insearchof/driveoutgroundhogs/getridofgroundhogs情绪类①积极：positiveattitude/actpositively②满意：besatisfied/bepleased/feelrelieve【点睛】[高分句型1]Iwonderifthat’sthereasonthesegroundhogshavegottensobrave.（宾语从句以及省略why的定语从句修饰thereason）[高分句型2]Thatevening,wespottedthesweetyellowcatmovingaroundtheborderofourwoodsinsearchofmice.（现在分词作宾语补足语）
