先至教育辅导时间：3/5年级：初三时长：2H学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型回答问题专项阅读理解教学目标学会总结文章大意，归纳主旨授课时段8:00-10:00回答问题篇—技巧与策略考试说明《课标》初中生要达到的五级阅读目标要求：l能理解段落中个句子之间的逻辑关系l能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物l能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息l能获取文章的具体信息l能理解归纳文章的主旨要义题型介绍根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题型。此题为5个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨要义。12
历史回顾近几年的中考题中，特殊疑问句的比例在增大，2015年达到了100%；选择疑问句近五年中考只在2013年考了1题；一般疑问句由原来的必考1题在2015年也宣告了它的终结。未来预测命题难度将有所上升，突出能力考查与选拔功能，这主要表现在命题从不同角度，不同思维方式出发，除了考查准确获得信息的能力外更多的是测试综合运用英语的能力。提问类型1.由一般疑问句引出的判断题（Yes或No回答）2.由选择疑问句（AorB）来提问文章的细节。（选择A或者B来回答）3.由特殊疑问词Who(人物)、Where(地点)、When(时间)、What(事件)、Why(原因)、How(方式)引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章的细节。（根据文章细节回答）4.用一句话概括文章大意，提问形式如下：What’sthemainideaofthepassage?WhatarethepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay?Whatarethemainpointsabout...inthispassage?（概括文章大意）解题技巧答题时，要了解不同问题的回答方式。1.一般疑问句用Yes/No回答，相对简单些，只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以了。2.选择疑问句回答时不用Yes/No，需选择其中正确的一部分来做答。真题链接12
66．Wasthearearichorpoorinthe1950s?Itwaspoor.模拟链接66.Isplayinginwateragoodchoiceorabadone?Agoodchoice.3.回答特殊疑问句较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。(1)问目的，就应当用for短语，不定式短语等来回答；(2)问原因，就应当用becauseof短语或because从句来回答；(3)问方式，就应当用Bydoing来回答；(4)问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词。(5)提问词是what只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句)来回答;真题链接79.WhatarethepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay?Tohelpmorepeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheearthandencouragepeopletotakeaction.67.Whyshouldtheyhaveproperweight?Becausetheywon’tgethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds.67．WhydidtherestaurantworkershavenotimetolearnEnglish?Becausetheyoftenworked17hoursaday.18.HowdidyoungChicogetmoney?Bytakingalittlerubber．模拟链接69.Whatisthewriter’spurposeofwritingthispassage?Togivesuggestionsaboutwhattodotofeelgoodandhavefunonhotdays.12
66.Howdowemakeourmotherfeelclosetous?Byrespectingherpointofview.65.Whatcanhelpusunderstandourmotherbetter?Remembering/Knowingourmother’sage.64.WhatareSmokejumpers?Smokejumpersareaspecialkindoffirefighter.1.初读文章，标好段。2.根据问题中的keywords在文章中定位信息。--稳、准、快3.表述信息精（炼）准(确)人称变时态阅读回答问题第5题的解法l1.要点通常包括两个或多于两个。l2.抓住文章的结构，通过语篇结构分析文章的主旨大意。l3.记住下列单词的拼写及中文意思：ldevelopment(n.),history(n.),(dis)advantage(n.),Importance(n.),suggestion(n.)value(n.)information(n.),Introduction(n.),feature(n.)，responsible(adj.),creative(adj.)successful(adj.)confident,(adj.)achieve(v.),encourage(v.)l4.最后一题通常是用陈述句。记住这些有用的句型：lIt’s(about)…12
lWhat…isandhow…lTohelp…andencourage…真题链接68.What’sneededtobeasmokejumpers?Tobeasmokejumper,oneneedstohaveproperheightandweight,beabletoliveinthewildernessandlovehis/herjob.Para4.Althoughmostsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoining.Mostimportantareyourweightandheight.SmokejumpersintheU.S.forexample,mustbe54to91kilograms,sotheydon’tgethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds. Para5.Smokejumpersmustbeabletoliveinthewilderness.inRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees. Para6.Theyworkisdangerous,thehoursarelong.Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpersisn’tjustajob.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28-year-oldRussiansmokejumpersAlexiTishinsays,“Thisisthebestjobforthestrongandbrave.”此题答案应在4、5、6段中找，粗体部分为答题依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。68.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?Whyandhowtobearesponsibleconsumer.Weneedtoberesponsibleforourenvironment.Beingafrugalconsumer(节俭的消费者)isonewaytohelp.But,whatexactlydoesthatmean?UseItUpYoucanusethingsupinsteadofwastingthem.Squeezethatlastbitoftoothpasteoutofthetube.Usethelastlittlepieceofsoap....WearItOutYoudonotalwaysneedtohavenewthings.Supposeyoursneakersanymore.Thenyoucangetanewone....此题答案粗体部分为答题依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。文中有小标题,文章为总-分12
结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在“总”--也就是第一段中找。作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负责，下面每一个小标题都在说whatexactlyafrugalconsumermeans，也就是howtobeafrugalconsumer。模拟链接68.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?SomeroadrulesandthewaystogetmoreinformationonroadsafetyinNewZealand.此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为总-分结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在“总”--也就是第一段中找。theroadrules是关键词，下面的小标题都是在说roadrules,最后的小标题在说moreinformation，也需要总结。69.WhatarethemainpointsaboutChinatowninthispassage?Whereitisandhowithasdevelope.ChinatownisthenamegiventoanareainthemiddleofLondon．ItisjustbetweenLeicesterSquareandShaftsburyAvenue．GerrardStreetisatthecenterandisthemostimportantstreetinthearea．ThereisalargeChinesecommunity（社区）withalotofChineserestaurants,Chinesesupermarketsandshopsinthisstreet．Inthe1950s,itwasapoorareaandeverythingwasverycheap．....Inthe1970sand1980s,British-bornChinesestartedtohaveabettereducationandthisbrought....NoweveryoneknowsaboutLondon’sChinatown．DuringtheChineseNewYear,...归纳第一段大意为Whereitis，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为howithasdeveloped。79.WhatarethepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay?OnecoolApril22morning,peoplestartedthedayasusual.Yetitwasnotanormalday.What′ssospecialaboutApril22?Theanswerissimple.ItisEarthDay.Peopleallovertheworldcelebratethisimportantday.TheideaofhavingaspecialdaytocelebrateEarthbeganinthe1960s.Lifewasverydifferentthen.Fewpeopletalkedoreventhoughtabouttheenvironment.Mostpeoplehadnoideahowdirtyourairandwaterwere.OnApril22,1970,twentymillion(百万)AmericansjoinedthefirstEarthDayactivities.Theyshowedthatpeoplereallydidwanttodosomethingabouttheenvironment.Sincethenlawshavebeenpassedtoprotecttheair,water,land,andanimals.Thevehiclessuchascarsandbusesyourideinmustpassteststomakesuretheydon′tcausetoomuchpollution.Thankstothislaw,carstodayrelease(排放)abouthalfasmanybadchemicalsascarsdidbackin1970.Asaresult,theairwebreatheiscleanerthanitoncewas.Riversandlakesarealsocleanertodaythantheywereinthe1970s.It′sagoodthingbecausetheyneededalotof12
help.TheCuyahogaRiverinOhiowassopollutedthatrubbishandoilontheriverevencaughtfire!Today,theriveriscleaner.Itnolongerburns.It′shealthyenoughforbirds,fish,andotheranimals.Nowthecelebrationhasspreadtoothercountries.Morethan175countriestakeparteachyear.In2007,peopleinChinapaidmuchattentiontoabigproblem.Peoplewerethrowingaway27millionplasticbagsaday!Peoplehad“Bye-ByeThrowawayCultureWeek.”Theywantedeveryonetoseehowwastefulitwastousesomanyplasticbags.In2008,Chinapassednewlawsagainstthem.EveryApril22,millionsgettogethertocleanandprotectEarth.Theyalsocelebratehowfarwehavecome.Ourjobistoputthisknowledgetowork.Youcanhelpkeepourplanethealthytoo!此题关键问的是thepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay，找到关键句再加以归纳总结。Tohelpmorepeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheearthandencouragepeopletotakeaction.解题技巧1.在组织答语时要看清问题，不要答非所问，同时表述的句子内容要简洁明了、语法正确、语句通顺、书写规范，不要照搬照抄原文的句子。2.最后一题要关注语篇结构（总-分、分-总、总-分-总），组织语言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。答案通常是两个要点。2012年最后一题答案为三个要点。总之，阅读短文回答问题基于理解，重在表达，要精炼概括，言简意赅，体现“简”与“准”二字。随堂练习 第一篇Itiswidelyacceptedthattelevisionisplayinganimportantpartinpeople'slives.But,thereisaheateddiscussionastowhethertelevisiondoesgoodorharm.Televisionkeepsonelearningmoreaboutpresentevents,allowsonetofollowthemostre centdevelopmentsinpoliticsandscience,andoffersvariousprogramswhichare.bothinstructiveandexciting.Themostdistantcountries,thestrangestcustomsandthemostattractivescenesofnaturearebroughtrightintoone'sroomorhouse.However,somepeopleinsistthattelevisionisbadratherthangood.Theyarguethatithasbroughtaboutmanyseriousproblems.Themajoroneisitseffectsonyoungpeople.Childrenarenowsousedtogettingtheirinformationandentertainmentfromtelevisionthattheirabilitytoreadandwriteaswellasphysicalabilityhasbeengreatlyweakened.Evenworsethanthat,vulgar(庸俗的)advertisementsandpoorprogramsmaydeveloptheirbadtastes,shapetheirviewpointsbadlytowardshumanlifetosuchadegreethattheirmindsmightbedestroyed.12
Inaword,televisionhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Whatevereffectsithas,onepointiscertain,televisioninitselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheusetowhichitisputthatdecidesitsvaluetosociety.1.Whatarepeoplediscussingnowadays?___________________________________2.Whataretheadvantagestelevisionhasbroughtus?(至少2点)___________________________________3.Whydosomepeoplethinktelevisionisbadratherthangood?___________________________________4.Itistheusetowhichitisputthatdecidesitsvaluetosociety.___________________________________5.What'syouropinionabouttelevision?答案：1.whethertelevisiondoesgoodorharm.2.Televisionkeepsonelearningmoreaboutpresentevents,allowsonetofollowthemostrecentdevelopmentsinpoliticsandscience,andoffersvariousprogramswhicharebothinstructiveandexciting......3.Becausetheyarguethatithasbroughtaboutmanyseriousproblems.4.它是由人们对电视的具体使用决定它对社会的价值的。5.Televisionhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Televisioninitselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheusetowhichitisputthatdecidesitsvaluetosociety.(Theanswermaybevaried)第二篇Inthe1930sayoungtravelerwasclimbingtheFrenchAlps(法国阿尔卑斯山).Hearrivedatbigpieceoflandwithoutlivingthings.Itwasugly.Itwasthekindofplaceyouhurryawayfrom.Then,suddenly,theyoungtravelerstoppedontheway.Inthemiddleofthislargelandtherewasanoldman.Onhisbackwasabagofseeds.Inhislandwasanironpipe(铁管).Themanusedtheironpipetomakeaholeintheground.Thenfromthebaghetookaseedandputitinthehole.Hedidthisagainandagain.Latertheoldmantoldthetraveler,“I’veplantedover100,00seeds.Perhapsonlyatenthofthemwillgrow.”12
Theoldman’swifeandsonhaddied,andthiswashowhechosetospendhisfinalyears.“Iwanttodosomethinguseful,”hesaid.(1)二十年以后那个年轻的游客已不再年轻。Heretutnedtotheplace.Whathesawamazedhim.Hecouldmotbelievehiseyes.Thelandwascoveredwithabeautifulforesttwomileswideandfivemileslong.Birdsweresinging,animalswereplaying,andwildflowerswerehereandthere.(2)Thetravelerstoodthererememberingthelifelesspictureoftheplacethatitoncewas.Abeautifulforeststoodtherenow,allbecausesomeonecared.1.Whydidtheoldmanplantseeds?______________________________________________________________2.Howmanyseedsdidtheoldmanthinkcouldgrow,allofthemoronlysome?______________________________________________________________3.Whatamazedtheyoungtravelerwhenhereturnedtotheplace?_________________________________________________________________4.将短文中（1）汉语翻译成英语5.将短文中（2）英语翻译成汉语71、Becausehewantstoplantabeautifulforestforpeopletochangethelargelandwithoutlivingthings.72、Onlysome.73、Becausethelandwascoveredwithabeautifulforesttwomileswideandfivemileslong.74、25yearslatertheyoungtravelerisnolongyoung.75、那位游客站在那儿回想过去这里寸草不生一片死寂的画面。课后作业TwoChinesefarmerssang"inthespring"intheirsmallroomafterdrinkinginalateAugusteveninginBeijing.AfriendputtheirsongontheInternet.AndsoontheybecamestarsaroundChina.WangXu,44,isfromHenan,andLiuGang,29,isfromHeilongjiang.Theyareamongthemillionsoffarmerswhohavegonetothecitiestowork."Althoughnobodypaysattentiontothemusic,Iamsinginghappily,onstreets,underbridgesorinwildcountry12
,withnocreditcard,nogirlfriendorahomewithhotwater,butonlyaguitar.”Theysing,“Itisjustlikethelifewelivenow.”Wangsaid,“Wearepoorfarmers,andyouknowpeoplewon'tcareaboutus."TheirsongislovedbymillionsofChinese,includingthepeoplewhoarealsofromthecountryside.Manypeoplesaidtheycriedafterlisteningtothesong.WangcametoBeijingin2000andhastriedmanyjobs.Eachmonthafterhepaid600yuanforthehouseandboughtfood,therewaslittlemoneyleft."Ilovemusic,andalsowanttomakemoremoney."Wangsaid."Ineverdreamedofstandingonsuchabigstage.”LiucametoBeijingin2002."Iwantedtotrymyluckinthebigcity."Hesaid.Andnowtheirdreamsofmusichavecometrue.TheyarereallytheluckiestofallthetimersinChina.1.WhereisLiuGangfrom?_________________________________________________________________2.Havetheirdreamsofmusiccometrue?_________________________________________________________________3.WhenwasWangXubom?__________________________________________________________________4.WhydidLiuGangcometoBeijingin2002?____________________________________________________________________5.Whatdoyouthinkofthetwofarmersingers?【主旨大意】本文介绍了农民工歌手组合“旭日阳刚”。1.HeisfromHeilongjiang.2.Yes,theyhave.3.In1967.4.Hewantedtotryhisluckinthebigcity.5.Theyarereallycool.GregWoodburn,auniversitystudent,spendsalotoftimecleaningsportsshoes.Someofthemoncebelongedtohim;somebelongedtohisfriends.Butsoontheshoeswillhavenewowners,poorchildrenintheUSAand20othercountries,thankstoGreg’sShareOurSoles(鞋底)(S.O.S)charity.12
GregwasahighschoolrunningstarinasmalltowninCalifornia.Hehadtostoprunningformonthsbecausehiskneewasinjured.“IstartedthinkingaboutallthethingsIgotfromrunning,thehealth,thefriendshipsandtheconfidence.”hesays.AndIrealizedtherearechildrenwhodon’tevenhaveshoes.Gregcollectedhisownsportsshoesandthencalledhisfriendsandthetown.Hisaimwastohave100pairsbyChristmas2006.Whenthenumberclimbedtomorethan500pairs.Gregknowthathecouldcollectsportsshoesallyearround.Nowhehassetupcollectionboxesinhistown.Sofar,S.O.Shascollectedanddonatedmorethan3,000pairsofshoes.AndGreghascleanedalmostallofthem.“Peoplethinkofitasdutywork,”hesays,“butIlikedoingit,becauseIfeelhappywhenI’mdoingit.It’snotworkIwanttopassontosomeoneelse.”Injustthreeyears,Greghasstartedthreebranches(分部)ofS.O.Sandtherearemoreandmoresportsshoes.Formanypoorchildrenwhohavereceivedtheshoesmeanopportunity.TwoyoungboysinsouthernCaliforniausedtogotoschoolonalternatedays(隔日)becausetheybothsharedapairofshoes.Theyweretoobigforoneboyandtoosmallfortheother.ThankstoS.O.S,eachbrotherreceivedhisownpairofshoes.Theboysnowgotoschooleveryday.Whentheygraduate,theysaytheywillhelpothers,justasGreghelpedthem.根据短文内容回答下列问题（共5个小题，计10分）1.WhowillGregdonatethesesportsshoesto?_____________________________________________2.FromrunningGreggothealth,friendshipsandconfidence,andwhatdidherealize?_____________________________________________3.HowmanypairsofshoeshasS.O.Scollectedanddonatedsofar?_____________________________________________4.WhydoesGregliketocleanthedonatedshoes?__________________________________________________5.WhatdidthetwoboysinsouthernCalifornialearnfromGreg?66.Tothechildrenwhodon’tevenhaveshoes.67.Herealizedtherearechildrenwhodon’tevenhaveshoes.68.Morethan3,000pairsofshoes.69.Becausehefeelshappywhenheisdoingit.70.FromGregtheylearnedthattheyshouldhelpothers.12
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