欢迎来到英语课堂\n走向高考·英语路漫漫其修远兮吾将上下而求索外研版·高考总复习\nModule3TheViolenceofNature必修三第一部分 基础知识聚焦\n基础知识梳理2考点探究演练3单元语法4基础知识巩固5课时作业6话题作文晨诵1\n话题作文晨诵\n话题：自然灾害2004年12月26日印度洋发生地震，并引发海啸(tsunami)，造成了30多万人死亡，请根据下列提示，写一篇介绍海啸的英语短文。词数120～150。关键词语：特点：不是一种普通的海浪，而是一种具有极强破坏力的海浪；通常由海底地震引起；在海面的行进速度超过800千米/小时；靠近海岸时，速度减慢，但高度增加，波高可达30～50米，造成严重损失。应对措施：感觉强烈震动或长时间震动时，须立即离开海岸到高处；不要观看，如果靠海岸很近，危险很大。\nⅠ.头脑风暴，知识链接单词短语1.earthquake地震2．wave波浪3．cause导致4．terrifying可怕的；吓人的5．damage损失；损害1.morethan不仅仅2．atthespeedof以……的速度3．riseupto上升到4．becloseto接近，靠近5．escapefrom摆脱句式1.Theearthquakeandthetsunamithatfollowedcausedover300,000peopletodie.2．Itcanriseuptoaheightof30to50metresasithitstheshore，oftencausingseriousdamagetothelivesandproperty.3．Whenastrongearthquakeorshakelastsforalongtime,youshouldleavetheshoreandgotoahigherplaceatonce.4．Ifyouaretooclosetothetsunami，itwillbetoolateforyoutoescapefromthedanger.\nⅡ.范文必背TsunamiOnDecember26,2004,astrongearthquakehittheIndianOcean.Theearthquakeandthetsunamithatfollowedcausedover300,000peopletodie.Atsunamiismorethanawave.It'sakindofwavewithterrifyingdestruction.Atsunamiisoftencausedbytheundergroundearthquakeintheocean.Itcantravelacrosstheoceanataspeedofover800kilometresanhour.Whenitrushesnearacoastline,itsspeedslowsdownbutitsheightincreases.Itcanriseuptoaheightof30to50metresasithitstheshore，oftencausingseriousdamagetothelivesandproperty.\nWhenastrongearthquakeorshakelastsforalongtime,youshouldleavetheshoreandgotoahigherplaceatonce.Don'twatchthetsunami.Ifyouaretooclosetothetsunami,itwillbetoolateforyoutoescapefromthedanger.\n基础知识梳理\nⅠ.单词速记核心必记1．___________(vt.)经历2．________(vt.)引起；导致(n.)原因；事业；目标3．________(vt.)埋葬4．________(vi.)发生5．________(vt.&n．)(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击6．________(n.&v．)损失；损害7．________(vt.)毁坏(n.)废墟experiencecauseburyoccurstrikedamageruin\n8．________(adv.)幸运地；幸亏→________(adj.)幸运的→________(n.)运气，好运9．________(adv.)满怀希望地；有希望地→________(adj.)有希望的→________(n.&vt.)希望，期望10．________(adv.)伤心地；不幸地→________(adj.)悲伤的→________(n.)悲伤11．________(n.)警告→________(vt.)警告12．________(adj.)积极的；活跃的→________(n.)活动luckilyluckyluckhopefullyhopefulhopesadlysadsadnesswarningwarnactiveactivity\n高频必知13．________(n.)灾难14．________(n.)海流；潮流15．________(n.)家具→________(vt.)装备，配备16．________(adj.)猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→________(n.)暴力17．________(n.)可能；可能性→________(adj.)可能的→________(adv.)可能地18．________(adj.)吓人的，可怕的→________(adj.)恐惧的，受惊吓的→________(vt.)使恐惧；惊吓disastercurrentfurniturefurnishviolentviolencepossibilitypossiblepossiblyterrifyingterrifiedterrify\nⅡ.短语互译1．指的是；谈到；提到；涉及____________________2．拿起，举起；收拾；接载；偶然学会；恢复____________________3．记下；放下；镇压____________________4．去掉；脱掉；起飞；成功____________________refertopickupputdowntakeoff\n5．onaverage____________________6．endup____________________7．setfireto____________________8．catchfire____________________9．putout____________________10．turnover____________________11．takeplace____________________12．inall____________________平均起来结果为……，以……结束放火(焚烧)……着火扑灭(火)翻过来；翻阅(书页)发生总共；总计\n情景活用选用上面单词或短语的正确形式填空A________(可怕的)earthquake________(袭击)thearea,________(引起)alotof________(损失).Manypeoplewere________(埋葬)underthe________(废墟)andseveralpeoplelosttheirlives.________(幸运地),peopleallovertheworldofferedtheirhelpimmediatelyit________(发生)．答案：terrifying;struck;causing；damage;buried;ruins;Luckily;occurred/tookplace\nⅢ.典句析练1．Theycandestroyhouses,but______________________.它们(龙卷风)能够毁坏房子，但是房子里面的家具却留在原地。[解析]属于“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。[仿写]你让机器日夜一直开着是不对的。It'swrongofyouto______________________dayandnight.\n2．Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,______________________________________________．美国平均每年有800场龙卷风，导致约80人死亡，1500人受伤。[解析]causingabout80deathsand1,500injures是现在分词短语作结果状语。[仿写]南方雨下得很大，导致好几个省发生洪涝灾害。Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,________________inseveralprovinces.\n3．Whenthelavareachedthesea,_____________hugetidalwavewhichcouldfloodhalftheisland.当岩浆涌进大海时，有可能引发巨大浪潮，足以淹没半个岛屿。[解析]thereis/wasthepossibilityof表示“有……的可能性”。[仿写]不过，许多人相信与陌生人见面会有危险。However,manypeoplebelieve_____________________dangerinanysituationwhenstrangersmeet.\n答案：1.leavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas;leavethemachinerunning2.causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries;causingseriousflooding3.therewasthepossibilityof,thereisthepossibilityof\nⅣ.课文回顾Almostallofthetornadoes__(1)__intheUS.Theycandestroyhouses,butleave__(2)__insideexactlywhereitwas.On__(3)__，thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,__(4)__(cause)manydeathsandinjuries.Theworsttornadoofalltimeoccurredin1925,__(5)__(affect)threeUSstates.__(6)__thetimeitended,morethan700peoplehadbeenkilledand2,700hadbeen__(7)__．\nHurricanesarestrongtropical__(8)__andtheyusuallytakeplaceinthesouthernAtlanticOcean,theCaribbeanSeaandtheGulfofMexico.Theworsthurricane__(9)__ofalltimeoccurredin1900,whichkilled6,000peopleand__(10)__(destroy)3,600buildings.(1)________(2)________(3)________(4)________(5)________(6)________(7)________(8)________(9)________(10)________答案：(1)occur(2)furniture(3)average(4)causing(5)affecting(6)By(7)injured(8)storms(9)disaster(10)destroyed\n考点探究演练\n1.experiencevt.经历；感受；体验；遭受n．经验；经历[填空→激活知识]①Mr.Wang________________________inteaching.王老师有丰富的教学经验。②Ourcountry________________________________inthelastthirtyyears.我们国家在过去的三十年里经历了巨大的变化。答案：①hasmuchexperience②hasexperiencedgreatchanges\n[知识拓展]experiencedadj.有经验的，熟练的beexperiencedin在……方面有经验learnbyexperience从经验中学习experiencein/of在……方面的经验havemuchteaching/workingexperience教学/工作经验丰富注意：experience作“经验”讲时不可数，可用much修饰；experience作“经历”讲时为可数名词，有复数形式。\n[真题寻踪](2013·福建卷阅读E篇)Kieranthinksthetripwasalifechangingexperience.基兰认为这次旅行是一次改变生命的经历。\n2．causevt.引起；导致；使遭受n．原因；事业；目标[填空→激活知识]①Theearthquake________________________________________________.地震使许多建筑物倒塌。②Carelessnessis________________________hisfailure.粗心是他失败的原因。答案：①causedmanybuildingtofalldown②thecauseof\n[知识拓展](1)causesb.sth.给某人造成某种结果causesb.todosth.导致某人做某事(2)thecauseof...……的原因causeandeffect因果\n3．occurvi.发生，出现；被想起；被想到[填空→激活知识]①Theidea________________himinadream.他在梦中想到了那个主意。②Didn't________________________youtoclosethewindow?难道你没有想到去关窗户吗？答案：①occuredto②itoccurto\n[知识归纳]sth.occurstosb.某人突然想起某事。Itoccurstosb.that...某人突然想起……。Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事。ItoccurredtomethatIhadleftthedoorunlocked.我忽然想起来忘了锁门了。\n[辨析→明晰异同]happen表示“发生”时，强调事件发生的偶然性和不可预见性，其主语为事物；表示“碰巧”时，常用于Ithappened＋that从句或happentodosth.句型中。occur表示“发生”时，属于比较正式的用语，常以具体的事件、事物为主语，此时可以与happen互换。表示“在脑海中出现某种想法”时，要用occur，而不可用happen。takeplace多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生，比如举办活动、发生变化等。breakout多指自然灾害、战争、某种疾病的突然爆发。\n①Twoworldwarsbrokeoutlastcentury.上个世纪爆发了两次世界大战。②Thesportsmeetingwilltakeplacenextweek.运动会下星期举行。\n4．strikev.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；打，击；咬伤；打动；(钟)敲响(报时)；使突然想起n.打击；空袭；攻击；罢工[填空→激活知识]①Atree________________________lightningoutsidetheschool.校外的一棵树被闪电击中了。②Asnowball________________________thebackofthehead.一个雪球砸在了他的后脑勺上。\n③________________________________themanwasnottellingthetruth.我想到那个人没说真话。答案：①wasstruckby②struckhimon③Itstrikesmethat\n[辨析→明晰异同]strike表示“击打”时，既可表示有意地“打”，也可表示无意地“打，撞”；还可表示“时钟敲响；罢工；使突然想起；袭击；打动”。另外，它还是名词，表示“打击；空袭；攻击；罢工，罢市，罢课”。beat指用棍棒等连续击打。它还表示在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方，还可指心脏或脉搏的跳动、(雨点)拍打着等。beat作名词时，表示“敲打；心脏的跳动；节拍”。hit指对准某一目标“打”，hit还可以引申为“攻击，抨击”，也指精神上或感情上的“打击”。hit表示自然灾害袭击时与strike可互换。hit作名词时，表示“一击；击中；轰动一时的人或物”。\n[图解助记]\n5.pickup卷起；掀起[填空→激活知识]结合下面例句，体会pickup的不同意义①Thesandstormpickedupmanyhouseslastnight.②Hekeptpickingupmagazinesandputtingthemdown.③ShallIpickyouupatthestation?④Hepickeduptheinformationfromthemagazine.\n⑤Myradiocanpickup“FollowMe”veryclearly.⑥Theeconomyisfinallybeginningtopickupagain.⑦Tompickeduphiscoatfromthedrycleaner's.答案：①卷起；掀起②拿起；捡起③开车；接人④偶然学到⑤接收⑥好转⑦取回\n[助记]\n6．endup结果为……，以……结束[填空→激活知识]①Theboyreferredto________________________anengineer.提到的那个男孩结果成了一位工程师。②Somepeopletriedmanywaystoloseweight，________________________________soonagain.有些人尝试多种方法减肥，结果不久体重却又重新增加了。答案：①endedupas②endingupgainingweight\n[构建→导图助记]\n[真题寻踪]①(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Havingalltheinformationinoneplacecouldendupsavingyourmother'slife.把所有信息放在一起就能最终救你妈妈的命。②(2014·安徽阅读·D)Towarnthatwecouldenduplivingincaves.警告他们我们最终会居住在洞穴里。\n7.Theycandestroyhouses,butleavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas.它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。[填空→激活知识]①Never________________________________allthetime.不要让水一直流着。\n②Shemusthave________________________________sheoftenhasadatewithherboyfriend.她肯定是把手提包忘在了她经常和男友约会的地方了。答案：①leavethewaterrunning②leftthehandbagwhere\n[知识归纳]“leave＋sth./sb.＋宾语补足语”为leave的复合结构，此时leave作使役动词，表示“使/让……保持某种状态”，常跟复合宾语。构成如下：leavesth./sb.①TheteacherleftlittleTomstandingallthetime.老师让小汤姆一直站着。②Leavehimtodoithimself.让他自己去做这件事吧。\n8．Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.在美国，平均每年发生800次龙卷风，引起约80人死亡，1500人受伤。[填空→激活知识]①Therewere21,880personsforthetorchrelayofthe2008OlympicGames,________itthebiggestintheGames'history.(make)\n②Europeanfootballisplayedinmorethan80countries,________(make)itthemostpopulargameintheworld.80多个国家都踢欧式足球，使得它成为世界上最流行的运动。答案：①making②making[知识归纳]课文句中causingabout80deathsand1500injuries是现在分词短语作结果状语。表示句子主干中的动作与状语中的动作之间具有必然的因果关系，通常放在句末。\n[知识拓展](1)现在分词短语作结果状语，表自然的、必然的结果；(2)不定式作结果状语表出乎意料的、没有预料到的结果。①Heiscleverandhonest,makingallofuslikehim.他既聪明又诚实，使得我们所有人都喜欢他。②Ihurriedtotheairport,onlytobetoldthatmyfriendhadgonealready.我匆忙赶到机场，结果有人告诉我我的朋友已经走了。\n单元语法\n过去完成时的被动语态 直接引语与间接引语语法填空1．Roselookspale.Whatdoyouthink________toher？(happen)答案：hashappeneddoyouthink作插入语，主句为特殊疑问句。\n2．Thetwonurses________100,000yuanbythepolicebutdonatedittovictimsoftheexplosion.(reward)答案：hadbeenrewarded考查动词的时态和语态。句意：两位护士被警方奖励了100,000元，但是他们把钱捐给了爆炸事件的遇难者。根据句意可知，reward所表示的动作发生在“dontated”这一动作之前，所以用过去完成时；分析句子结构可知，“reward”与“Thetwonurses”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。\n3．(2015·吉林长春高中毕业班调研改编)Whenshereturnedhome,Rosefoundhercomputer________andshewasveryconfused.(remove)答案：hadbeenremoved分析句子成分可知，remove与computer构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，排除A和C；根据句意可知，remove这一动作发生在returned之前，故此处应用过去完成时。\n4．(2015·黑龙江四校高三联考改编)Anewapproachtothetrafficproblem________atthemeetingtheotherday.(adopt)答案：wasadopted句意：几天前一种(解决)交通问题的新方法在会议上被采用。分析句子成分可知，adopt和anewapproach之间是动宾关系，同时根据时间状语theotherday可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。\n5．Afterschoolwewenttothereadingroomtodosomereading,onlytobetoldthatit______.(decorate)答案：wasbeingdecorated本题考查动词的时态和语态。句意：放学后我们去图书馆做一些阅读，结果被告知图书馆正在被装修。“图书馆”与“装修”之间是被动关系；再根据句意可知，图书馆正在被装修，故用过去进行时态的被动语态。\n1.Wouldyoupleaselook________thepaperformeandseeifthereareanyobviousmistakes?答案：through考查动词短语辨析。lookthrough“查看，快速浏览”；lookaround“环顾四周”；lookinto“调查”；lookup“查阅；抬头看”。\n2．(重庆高考改编)—I'vegottogonow.—Mustyou?I________(think)youcouldstayfordinnerwithus.(think)答案：thought答句后句意为：我原以为你能留下来和我们吃晚饭。根据could可知用一般过去式时。3．(2014·陕西卷改编)RalphW.Emersonwouldalwayssetdownnewideasthatoccured________him.答案：to句意：RalphW.Emerson总是记下出现在他头脑中的新想法。occurto“想到”。\n基础知识巩固（点此链接）\n课时作业（点此链接）\n
