欢迎来到英语课堂\n板块十一 Modules 1－3\n\n\nⅠ.词汇认知1．n．申请2．n．移民3．n．恩惠；照顾4．v．戏弄；嘲弄；揶揄Module1SmallTalkapplicationimmigrationfavortease\n5．v．反驳6．_v．想象→n．想象力；幻想；空想7．adj.不礼貌的→_adj.有礼貌的8．n．缺乏，不存在→adj.缺席的，不在的9．n．道歉，致歉→v．道歉10．v．打断→n．打扰；打断11．想起，回忆起12．除此之外，另外13．了解(到)，找出(信息)14．知道15．炫耀contradictimagineimaginationimpolitepoliteabsenceabsentapologyapologise/apologizeinterruptinterruptionthinkofinadditionfindout(be)awareofshowoff\nⅡ.语境助记Imustforthedelayintoyouletter.Thesedays，Ioftenhaveanlookonmyfacebecauseofworryingaboutthecomingjobinterview.inmyselfandI'mnotwhetherIwillsucceed.Ican'twhatwillhappenifIlosethis.Couldyougivemesomeadviceonhowtosolvethisproblem?apologisereplyingabsentIlackconfidencecertainimagineopportunityserious\n1．lackv．缺乏；缺少n．没有；不足；缺乏①Theresearchlackssolidevidence，andtherefore，itsconclusionsaredoubtful.这项研究缺乏确凿的证据，因此，它的结论是值得怀疑的。\n②WhenIbeganplanningtomovetoAucklandtostudy，mymotherwasworriedaboutalackofjobsandculturaldifferences.当我开始计划去奥克兰求学时，母亲既担心我找不到工作又担心两国文化之间的差异。③Sheseemstobelackingin/lackcommonsense.她似乎缺乏常识。lack作及物动词时，直接接宾语；作不及物动词时，常与介词in连用；作名词时常接介词of；lacking为形容词，一般不放在名词前。\n2．advanceadj.预先的；在前的n.&v．前进；进展；预付\n①Whenstudentsweretoldmyruleinadvanceoftheclass，someofthemwerenothappy.当学生们在上课之前被告知我的规定时，有些学生不高兴了。②LettheworldknowmoreaboutChina，letChinaadvancetowardstheworld.让世界了解中国，让中国走向世界。③Ishouldwarnyouin_advance，wemaybedelayed.我得预先提醒你，我们也许会被耽搁。\n3．absencen．[U]缺乏；不存在；缺席\n①Canyouaccountforyourabsencefromthemeeting?你能为你缺席会议做出解释吗？②However，learningEnglishasaforeignlanguageisverydifficultintheabsenceofanativelanguageenvironment.然而，在缺乏母语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。③In_his_absenceIlookedtoseewhatwasonhisdesk.他不在时，我看了看他桌上有什么东西。\n\nabsent用作形容词，意为“缺席的，不在的”，修饰名词时要放在名词之后作后置定语。其反义词present意为“在场的”时，也放在名词之后作后置定语。如：Thestudentsabsentshouldbepunished，whilethosepresentshouldbepraised.那些缺席的学生应受到惩罚，而那些在场的学生应受到表扬。\n4．imaginev．想象；设想\n①YoucanimaginehowtiredIwasafter10hourswork.你可以想象干了10个小时后我是多么的累。②Heneverimagined(him/his)goingabroadforfurtherstudy.他从未想到出国深造。③Ineverknewmygrandmother，butIalwaysimagineherasakind，gentleperson.我从未见过祖母，但我总把她想像成一个心地善良、和蔼可亲的人。\n5.apologisev．道歉①(2012年高考山东卷)HesmiledpolitelyasMaryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.当玛丽为她醉酒的朋友们向他道歉时，他礼貌地微笑着。②You'dbetterapologise_to_your_deskmate_forwhatyousaid.＝You'dbettermake_an_apology_to_your_deskmate_forwhatyousaid.你最好为你说的话向你的同桌道歉。\n6．inaddition另外；除此之外\n①...Shelleywillcontinuetospeaktoyouthaboutsafedriving，inadditiontomanyotherthingstohelptheyouth.除了帮助年轻人其他的事情，Shelley将继续给他们讲安全驾驶的事。②Youneedmoneyandtime，inaddition/besides/furthermore/what'smore，youneeddiligence.你需要钱和时间，除此之外，你还需要勤奋。\n7．leaveout省去，删去；遗漏，不考虑\n①It'shightimeweleftfortheairport.我们该前往机场了。②AlltheothersseemedtoknoweachotherandIbegantofeelleftout.其他所有人看上去都彼此认识，于是我开始觉得被冷落了。③Leave_her_alone.Sheisinabadmoodnow.别惹她，她现在情绪不好。\n8．beawareof知道，意识到\n①Igraduallybecameawarethattherewassomeoneelseintheroom.我逐渐注意到房间里还有他人在场。②HealthofficialshavetriedtoraiseawarenessaboutAIDSamongteenagers.卫生(部门)官员曾努力提高青少年对艾滋病的认识。③ThefirstthingIbecame_aware_ofwasallthevividcolourssurroundingme...我意识到的第一件事是所有我周围这些生动的颜色……\n9．showoff炫耀，卖弄，出风头①Thenewbucketmadeconversationswiththeoldonemainlytoshowoffitsbeautifullooks.新桶与旧桶交谈主要是为了炫耀它美丽的外表。②Showthevisitorsin，willyou?请你把参观者迎进来好吗？③IwasalmostasleepwhenChrisfinallyshowed_up.克里斯最终来到时，我几乎睡着了。\n1．________therisingbirthrateandimmigration，thedecliningdeathratealsoresultedinthepopulationgrowth.A．InadditiontoB．IntermsofC．InconsequenceofD．Inspiteof解析：inadditionto除……之外(还)；intermsof就……而言，从……角度；inconsequenceof由于……的缘故；inspiteof尽管。句意：除了不断增长的出生率和移民外，逐渐下降的死亡率也导致了人口的增长。答案：A\n2．________isknowntoall，Chinawillbean________andpowerfulcountryin20or30years'time.A．That；advancingB．This；advancedC．As；advancedD．It；advancing解析：as引导非限制性定语从句；advancedadj.先进的。故选C项。答案：C\n3．Victorapologizedfor________toinformmeofthechangeintheplan.A．hisbeingnotableB．himnottobeableC．hisnotbeingableD．himtobenotable解析：考查动词用法。apologizetosb.forsth./doingsth.“因某事向某人道歉”，for是介词，后面应跟动名词，动名词的否定式应放在动名词的最前面。答案：C\n4．________hersoexcitedlastnight?A．WhatdoyouimaginemakingB．WhatdoyouimaginemadeC．DoyouimaginewhatmadeD．Doyouimaginewhathadmade解析：doyouimagine为插入语，真正的句子结构为Whatmadehersoexcitedlastnight？此题易错选A。答案：B\n5．Fromtimetotimeacrocodilehassnatchedsomeonebeforeheorsheiseven________thatthecrocodileisthere.A．awakeB．awareC．asleepD．seen解析：考查固定结构。beawareof意识到。句意：有时候鳄鱼在人们还没有意识到那儿有鳄鱼之前就抓住他们。答案：B\n6．—Whatdoyouthink________theplan?—Ihave________andfounditveryuseful.A．of；thoughtoveritB．over；thoughtaboutitC．about；thoughtitaboutD．of；thoughtitover解析：考查动词短语辨析。whatdoyouthinkof...为固定句型，意为“你认为……怎样”，thinkover意为“仔细考虑”，当用代词作宾语时，代词应放于中间。故选D项。答案：D\n7．Don't________anyletterintheword，oritwillbeawrongword.A．findoutB．giveoutC．leaveoutD．lookout解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要遗漏这个单词里的任何字母，否则它就会是一个错的单词。findout查清楚，弄明白；giveout释放，分发，用尽；leaveout省去，遗漏；lookout小心。答案：C\n8．(2013年泉州模拟)Everytimeafteralong________fromschool，IfeelreallystupidbecauseIamabitbehindtheothers.A．loadB．rangeC．journeyD．absence解析：句意：每次长时间的缺课之后，我因为比别人落后而感到非常的愚蠢。absencefromschool“缺课，旷课”，是固定搭配。答案：D\n9．Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsanda________ofexercise.A．limitB．lackC．needD．demand解析：考查名词辨析和常用搭配。limit限制，限度；lack缺少、缺乏，可构成短语“alackof...”，意为“缺少……”；need需要，可构成短语“inneedof”；demand要求，需要。句意：健康问题是与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼有着密切的联系的。答案：B\n10．Theyknockeddowntheoldbuildingsforthe________ofmakingroomforthenewlybuiltmotorway.A．purposeB．meaningC．useD．lack解析：forthepurposeof是习惯搭配，短语意为“为了……”。句意：为了给新建高速公路腾地方，他们拆除了那些旧楼房。答案：A\n11．Shehasn'tmuchactingability，butusesthestageasaplaceto________.A．showupB．showoverC．showoffD．showout解析：showup出现；showsb.over领某人参观；showoff炫耀，展示；showout送出去。根据句意可知答案为C。答案：C\n12．Thesituationisquiteinmy________.Sothereisnothingtoworryabout.A．sideB．supportC．helpD．favour解析：句意：形式对我很有利，因此没有什么可担心的。本题考查inone'sfavour“对……有利”这一习惯搭配。答案：D\n1．Talktoamanabouthimself,andhewillspeaktoyouforhours.和一个人谈论他自己，他会和你说上几个小时！[知识提炼]“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”结构。[句式仿写]努力学习你就会梦想成真。Work_hard_and_you'll_achieve_your_dream.2.It'salongtimesinceIheardfromyou.我收到你的来信已很长时间了。[知识提炼]Itis/hasbeen＋时间段＋since...意为“自从……以来有多长时间了”。[句式仿写]自从我上次见到他已经三年了。It_is/has_been_three_years_since_I_last_met_him.\n3．Whensomeonetalks,everyoneisexpectedtolisten,nomatterhowdulltheperson'sspeakingmaybe.当一个人讲话的时候，不管他讲的可能是多么的枯燥，都希望每个人倾听。[知识提炼]nomatterhow引导让步状语从句，意为“不管怎样……；无论多么……”。[句式仿写]不管怎样努力，他都赶不上别人。No_matter_how_hard_he_worked，he_could_not_catch_up_with_others.\n1.Infact,shehadneverlearntthebasicrulesofsocialcommunication,andasaconsequence,shemadesystematicmistakeseverytimesheopenedhermouth.实际上，她从来没有学会社交的基本规则，因此每次张嘴都会犯与之相关的错误。everytime在上文的句子中作连词使用，引导时间状语从句。(1)以名词短语的形式出现，用来引导状语从句的短语有：themoment,theinstant,theminute,thesecond,everytime,anytime,nexttime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,theday,themonth,theweek,theyear,themorning,theafternoon等。\n①IgainedstrengtheverytimeIsaid，“Yes，I'lltrythat.”每次我说，“是的，我去尝试一下”，我都获得了力量。②Shecametothescenetheinstantsheheardthenews.一听到消息她就来到了现场。(2)immediately，instantly，directly等词，也可以用作连词连接两个句子，表示两个紧接着发生的动作，assoonas/nosooner...than.../hardly...when...意同③Ileftimmediatelytheclockstruck12.钟一敲12点我就离开了。\n2．Itisestimatedthat80%ofallconversationinEnglishissmalltalk.据估计80%的英语会话是闲聊。itisestimatedthat...该句运用了itis＋过去分词＋thatclause结构，用it作形式主语，把主语从句移到后面。真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。①Itisestimatedthatthevaseisabout2,000yearsold.据估计这个花瓶有大约两千年的历史。\n②It'sbelievedthatChinesefirstinventedthecompass.人们相信中国人最早发明指南针。(1)以上句式可转换成sb./sth.isreported/believed/suggestedtodo/tohavedone...句型。若动作先于前面动作发生，则用tohavedone形式。如①可转换为Thevaseisestimatedtobeabout2,000yearsold.(2)在it＋be＋suggested/advised/ordered/commanded/requested/required...＋that从句中，从句中的谓语要用(should)do的形式。Itissuggestedthattheschool(should)takeactiontohelpthestudentsinneed.有人建议学校要采取行动帮助有困难的学生。\n1．________，Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.A．HoweverthestoryisamusingB．NomatteramusingthestoryisC．HoweveramusingthestoryisD．Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing解析：howeveramusingthestoryis＝nomatterhowamusingthestoryis。however引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么，不管多么”。答案：C\n2．Nodecision________aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.A．willbemadeB．ismadeC．isbeingmadeD．hasbeenmade解析：这句话是一个以until引导的时间状语从句。后面从句中的“havebeeninterviewed”其实是表示将来完成时的意义，因为时间状语从句中，要用现在时态表示将来时态。因此，前面主句中要用一般将来时，只有A项正确。答案：A\n3．—Canyouhelpme?—Yes.________yourteacher'sadvice，inmyopinion，andeverythingwillbeOK.A．FollowB．FollowingC．TofollowD．Followed解析：考查句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”。此题难点在于inmyopinion为插入语，但它不影响整个句子的结构。答案：A\n4．Manyanewhouseisreported________inthedisasterareaandpeoplearemovingintothem.A．arebeingbuiltB．havebeenbuiltC．tobebuiltD．tohavebeenbuilt解析：根据句型要求此处应用动词不定式，且动作是被动的并已完成，才能有下面的“人们正在搬入”。答案：D\n5．—DoyouknowMaryverywell?—Yes.Webecamegoodfriends________wemetatameeting.A．bythetimeB．thefirsttimeC．untilD．aslongas解析：由对话语境可知，B项意思相符。thefirsttime可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。答案：B\n本小节结束请按ESC键返回\n
