介词、介词短语和动词短语（测试时间：40分钟，总分：60分）班级：____________姓名：____________座号：____________得分：____________I.用适当的介词（短语）填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)1.(2022·新课标I卷·语法填空)Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffectssuchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.2.(2022·新课标I卷·阅读理解)Igotarescuecall___________awomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰)ontheground..3.(2022·新课标I卷·阅读理解)Since1962,PacificScienceCenterhasbeeninspiringapassion(热情)__________discoveryandlifelonglearning__________science,mathandtechnology.4.(2022·新课标I卷·阅读理解)Thefriendshipthatgrewout__________theexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsroot__________thefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcame__________atraditionoftheaterandliveTV.5.(2022·新课标I卷·完形填空)__________theyears,I’drunintoformerstudentswhowouldprovideupdatesonoldclassmates.6.Mostpeopleworkbecauseit’sunavoidable.________contrast，therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork.7.Thesecommentscame________responsetospecificquestionsoftenaskedbylocalnewsmen.8.Thismeetingroomisanon－smokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyou________advancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.x&kw9.Thelittlepupiltookhisgrandma________thearmandwalkedheracrossthestreet.10.Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord，withglobaltemperature0.68℃________theaverage.【参考答案】-12-\n1.as 2.from 3.for;in 4.of;in;from 5.Through 6.By 7.in8.in 9.by 10.aboveⅡ.单项填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.（2022·北京）Manypeoplewholivealongthecoastmakealiving_______fishingindustry.A.atB.inC.onD.by【答案】B【解析】句意：许多住在海边上的人都是靠渔业来谋生的。此处用介词in,不用by,因为by后面通常接做什么事情来谋生，此处是指在捕鱼这个行业里，在这个行业里谋生，用in，故选B。2.（2022·江苏）Determiningwhereweare____________oursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.A.incontrasttoB.indefenseofC.infaceofD.inrelationto【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语。句意：根据周围的环境辨别方位仍然是我们生存的一项极其重要的技能。A.incontrastto对比，截然不同；B.indefenseof为……辩护；C.infaceof面对；D.inrelationto与……有关。故选D。3.（2022·江苏）WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahas____________thebestinherasadoctor.A.heldoutB.broughtoutC.pickedoutD.givenout【答案】B4.（2022·天津）Mr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughter___________,get-12-\nmarried,andhavekids.A.settleddownB.keepoffC.getupD.cutin【答案】A【解析】句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。settleddown安顿下来；keepoff远离；getup起床；cutin插嘴。根据句意可知选A。5.Ifyouhadprepared__________,youwouldn’tbeinsuchabadposition.A.inturnB.inparticularC.inadvanceD.inshort【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:如果你提前作好准备，你现在也不会处于这样糟糕的处境。inturn"反过来"；inparticular"尤其，特别"；inadvance"预先，提前"；inshort"总之"。6.Whentheirchildrenlivedfarawayfromthem,theseoldpeoplefelt__________fromtheworld.A.carriedawayB.brokendownC.cutoffD.broughtup【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语。句意：当这些老人的孩子们远离他们生活时，他们感觉到跟这个世界隔绝了。cutoff意为"切断，隔绝"，符合语意，所以这里选C项。7.Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I’malwaystoobusyto__________aconversationwithher.A.carryonB.breakintoC.turndownD.cutoff【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我讨厌工作时她给我打电话，因为我总是很忙，难以和她进行谈话。carryon"进行，从事"；breakinto"破门而入"；turndown"拒绝(提议等)"；cutoff"中断，切断"。8.We’dbetterdiscusseverything___________beforeweworkouttheplan.A.indetailB.ingeneral-12-\nC.onpurposeD.intime【答案】A9.Thesalesmansoldmethecaratalowerpriceandaddedsomefancygifts_____.A.forexampleB.forsaleC.forgoodmeasureD.foronething【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语。句意：那个推销员以较低的价格卖给我汽车，并额外给我送了一些精美的礼物。A.forexample例如：B.forsale出售；待售；C.forgoodmeasure作为额外增添；另外；D.foronething一方面。故选C。10.Peoplecanlive__________oneanotheronlywhentheyregainthatsimpleandbasiclove.A.inharmonywithB.inlovewithC.inlinewithD.intouchwith【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：人唯有重拾那份简单的、基础的爱，彼此才能和平相处。inharmonywith"与……和平相处"。III.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft（技艺）andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,and-12-\nmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore（核心）ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebriefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn’tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn’tneedalotofwords.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与PaulNewman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时，PaulNewman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。1.Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletoauthoratfirst?A.PaulNewmanwantedit.B.Thestudiopowersdidn’tlikehisagent.C.Hewasn’tfamousenough.D.Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.2.WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?A.Theywereofthesameage.B.Theyworkedinthesametheater.C.Theywerebothgoodactors.D.Theyhavesimilarcharacteristics.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Theirbelief.B.Theircareforchildren.C.Theirsuccess.D.Theirsupportforeachother.4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhisloveoffilms.-12-\nB.Torememberafriend.C.Tointroduceanewmovie.D.Tosharehisactingexperience.1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul”可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore（核心）ofourrelationshipoffthescreen”可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。4.B【解析】写作意图题。根据“Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit”可知Paul已经去世了，再结合前文“IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968”，可推断作者非常怀念这位朋友。故选B。IV.完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IAmTrulyGratefulThatIHadCancerAttheageof10,Iwasdiagnosedwithcancer.Duringtreatment,Iunderstoodeverythingbutthe1ofmycase.ItwasnotuntilrecentlythatIrealizedhowsickIwasthen.ThisNovemberof2022will2myfiveyearsoffchemotherapy(化疗)andIwillbefinally3ofcancer.-12-\nIknowsickchildrenoftenfeltblue.Inordertohelpbrightentheir4,IcreatedaprogramthroughwhichIbroughtcelebrities(名人)children5andrespectedtovisittheminhospitals.The6Ireceivedfrombeingableto7upthechildren’sdaywasindescribable.Thisfall,Iwill8myjunioryearofhighschool.IlovelearningandItruly9thetimespentinschoolbecauseduringchemotherapytreatmentsIwasoftentoo10toattend.Anotherbigpartofmylifeis11activity.Duringmytreatmentitwasveryhardformetowalk—letalone12.Afterfinishingchemotherapymymain13wasbeingabletorunandplay14again.I’moverjoyedtosayI’vebeenableto15thataim.Beingabletostandonthecourtandplaysportsagainisa(n)16feeling.Tomeit’simportanttoconveya17ofpositivityandhopethatanyonecanmakethemostofanysituationinlife.Manydon’t18andthinkit’sstrangewhenIsaythis,butI’mtrulygratefulthatIhadcancer.Havingexperiencedthat,Ihavebecomebrave19havealsogainedappreciationforlife.Iknowwithdeterminationeveryonecanfollowtheir20.1.A.developmentB.seriousnessC.nameD.cause2.A.markB.endC.beginD.reward3.A.warnedB.informedC.suspectedD.cured4.A.spiritsB.futureC.roomsD.way5.A.attractedB.impressedC.admiredD.missed6.A.respectB.joyC.giftD.education7.A.makeB.clearC.cleanD.light8.A.enterB.leaveC.visitD.drop9.A.killB.saveC.treasureD.waste10.A.youngB.weakC.lazyD.busy11.A.mentalB.indoorC.physicalD.social12.A.swimB.lieC.jumpD.run-12-\n13.A.goalB.taskC.problemD.idea14.A.cardsB.chessC.sportsD.music15.A.furtherB.kickC.setD.achieve16.A.amazingB.puzzlingC.satisfyingD.touching17.A.noteB.messageC.wordD.wish18.A.speakB.apologizeC.understandD.remember19.A.andB.butC.orD.so20.A.stepsB.examplesC.suggestionsD.dreams【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了身患癌症的作者在战胜病魔后，对生活充满了热情，以积极乐观的态度投入生活的故事。1.B【解析】根据下文howsickItrulywasthen可知，作者在治疗过程中不知道自己病情的严重程度，故选B。2.A【解析】根据语境可知，作者已经有五年没有接受化疗了，故选A。3.D根据前文的offchemotherapy可判断，作者的癌症被治愈了。cure...of治愈……的疾病，此处用过去分词表示被动。9.C【解析】从前句Ilovelearning和后文可知，作者喜欢上学，由此判断，作者会很珍惜在学校的时间，故选C。10.B【解析】根据上下文可知，作者因生病化疗身体虚弱而不能上学，故选B。11.C【解析】从下文的＂walk＂＂run＂和＂playsports＂等词可判断，此处指体育运动。12.D【解析】根据下文的＂run＂判断，作者身体虚弱而不能走路，更别说跑了。let…alone更别说。-12-\n13.A【解析】根据下文中的＂aim＂判断，化疗结束后，能够再次跑步、运动是作者的目标，故选A。14.C【解析】根据下文＂Beingabletostandonthecourtandplaysportsagain＂判断，作者希望仍然能参加体育运动。15.D【解析】从语境判断，作者病愈后达到了自己的目标。16.A【解析】根据上文中的＂overjoyed＂可以推断作者目标达成后惊喜的心情，故选A。17.B【解析】根据后面的从句内容可知，作者想传递的是一种积极乐观的信息。18.C【解析】从下文可知，人们对于作者的这种说法感到奇怪，也不理解该说法。19.A【解析】分析句子结构并结合语境可知此处应用and连接两个并列的谓语。20.D【解析】从上文可知，只要有毅力，任何人都可以追寻自己的梦想，故选D。V.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Recentlyanewresearchhasbeenreported.Itsaidthatmanyfathersofchildrenexperiencedlotsofinjuriesperyearwhileplayingwith 1 (they)children.Somefathersfeltthatitwasthemostdangerousthingofbeingaparentwalkingacrossthefloor 2 (cover)bytoys.Andsomeofthemfelloverbecauseclothesorotherthings 3 (throw)everywhere.Besides, 4 thirdoffatherswereknockeddownbytheiryoungchildrenwhenfightingwiththemandaquartergothurtwhenplayingfootballorclimbingtreeswiththem.Infact,one 5 fiveyoungfatherspickedupaninjurywhendoingsomethingthatwasn’tsuitableforthem.z*xxkTheresearchalsofoundthatsomeofthefatherswhowere 6 (serious)injuredhadtotaketimeoffwork. 7 ,notallofthemhadmedicalinsurance(保险)inplace 8 (prevent)thecasethattheyweretooilltowork.Andtheyweremorelikelytofaceasituation 9 theirmobilephonesandholidaybookingsdeclinedsharplyduringillness.Sothefatherstookmuch 10 (press)fromboththefamilyandthework.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了由于父亲们在与孩子们玩耍时候常常会受到意外的伤害，得出父亲们有很多的来自家庭和工作上的压力。1.their【解析】考查代词。句意：据说每年很多父亲在与他们的孩子玩耍时候都会经历受伤，故用their。-12-\n2．covered【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为父母最危险的事情是步行通过铺满玩具的地板，前面名词floor与动词cover之间表示被动且后面by被动语态标志，故用covered作后置定语。5．in【解析】考查介词。1/5的父亲会得到意外的伤害，此处是分数的表达：基数词+介词+基数词，故用in。6．seriously【解析】考查副词。句意：那些遭受严重伤害的父亲们不得不请假此处副词修饰动词，故用seriously。7．However【解析】考查副词。句意：然而并不是所有的人有医疗保险，前后形成转折且副词However表示转折后面用逗号隔开。VI.短文改错(每小题1分，共10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。-12-\n注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Everyoneshouldtaketheactiontoreducehaze(雾霾),whichisharmfultoourhealth.Firstofall,Ibelieveifweplantmoretrees,therewillbelesshazeintheircity.Treescanabsorbexhaustfumes(尾气)fromcars,thusreducepollution.Second,thegovernmentshouldpunishthefactorieswhereproducetoomanyfumes.Exhaustfumesisthemaincauseofhazeanddogreatlyharmtopeople’shealth.Maybewecanmovefactoriestoareaswherefewpeopleslive.Third,Ithinkitwasagreatideatoencouragepeopletousepublictransportation.Lastbutnotleast,wecancallincitizenstoridebikesiftheytravelshortjourneys.【参考答案】Everyoneshouldtakeactiontoreducehaze(雾霾),whichisharmfultoourhealth.Firstofall,Ibelieve ifweplantmoretrees,therewillbelesshazein city.Treescanabsorbexhaustfumes(尾气)fromcars,thus pollution.Second,thegovernmentshouldpunishthefactoriesproducetoomanyfumes.Exhaustfumes themaincauseofhazeanddo harmtopeople’shealth.Maybewecanmovefactoriestoareaswherefewlive.Third,Ithinkitagreatideatoencouragepeopletousepublictransportation.Lastbutnotleast,wecancall citizenstoridebikesiftheytravelshortjourneys.【语篇解读】雾霾对人类健康有很大的危害。本文介绍了减少雾霾的四个有效措施：植树、惩罚污染企业、乘坐公共交通工具、骑自行车。第一处：去action前the。考查冠词。takeaction是固定短语，表＂采取行动＂，action前应用零冠词，故去掉the。-12-\n第五处：where改that/which。考查定语从句。关系代词在定语从句中作主语，指代先行词factories，应用that或which。第六处：is改are。考查主谓一致。主语是exhaustfumes，且该句叙述一般情况，应用一般现在时，故谓语动词用复数are。第七处：greatly改great。考查形容词。修饰名词harm应用形容词，故将greatly改为great。第八处：peoples改people。考查名词。people表示＂人，人们＂，无复数形式。第九处：was改is。考查时态。本文叙述一般情况，都用一般现在时，故将was改为is。第十处：callin改callon。考查动词短语。callonsb.todosth.表示＂号召某人做某事＂；callin表示＂召集＂。-12-
