专题十九 应用广告类阅读+社会文化类阅读+完形填空+语篇填空+短文改错Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2022河北衡水模拟)ThebestbikesforthebeginnersWhenitcomestopurchasingyourfirstbike,thechoiceisendless,makingittoughtoknowwhattogofor.Herearethebestbikesonthemarketrightnow.BoardmanCXCompThisisacross-countrybike,andit’ssoversatile(多用途的)thatyoucanhandleanyterrain(地势)onit,makingitagreatchoiceforthosewantingtotryvariouscyclingsubjects.Ifyouleaveonthethicktiresitcomeswith,itcanrideonvariouspathsandcanevenhandlesomelessdemandingmountainbikeroutes.Alternatively,putonthin,slicktiresandtreatitasaroadbike.IthasbasketandcomeswithShimanoSoragears,whichareoutstandingforitsprice.&650.Halfords.PlanetXRT-58v2PlanetXisbasedinYorkshire,whichmeansyou’dprobablyhavetobuythisbikewithoutseeingit.Butitisworthit,becausethisisanexcellentmachineatalowerprice.PlanetXisahighlyratedmanufactureandthismodelcomeswithShimanoSoragears.&439.PlanetXSpecializedAllezES10\nSpecializedisoneofthebiggestandmostpopularbrandsincycling,andthisisitshugelypopularprimaryroadbike.Itcomeswithsolidcomponentsfromfronttobackandyou’lllookgreatoutontheroad.&575.EvansCyclesBoardmanRoadTeamCarbonIfyoucanpushyourbudgetfurtherstill,thisbikeisworththeextrainvestment.Theframeismadeentirelyfromcarbon,whichislighter,fasterandmorecomfortablethanthecompositionmetalmodelsaboveandgivesyouanall-roundmoreenjoyableride.Italsomeansthatifyougetreallyseriousaboutcycling,youdon’thavetoupgradeasquicklyasyouwouldwithacheaperbike.&800,Halfords【语篇解读】本文是广告类应用文。本文主要向初学者介绍了四种自行车:BoardmanCXComp、PlanetXRT-58v2、SpecializedAllezES和BoardmanRoadTeamCarbon。1.Comparedwithotherbikes,whatisthestrengthoftheBoardmanCXComp? A.Itsoutstandingprice.B.ItsShimanoSoragears.C.Dealingwithanyterrain.D.Puttingonveryfirmtires.答案C解析细节理解题。根据BoardmanCXComp中的“Thisisacross-countrybike,andit’ssoversatile(多用途的)thatyoucanhandleanyterrain(地势)onit,”可知,这是一辆越野自行车,它的用途如此之多,你可以应付任何地形。答案为C项。2.WhichissuitableforyouifyouwanttobuyataneconomicalpricebutwithShimanoSoragears?A.PlanetXRT-58v2.B.SpecializedAllezES.C.BoardmanCXComp.D.BoardmanRoadTeamCarbon.答案A解析细节理解题。根据PlanetXRT-58v2中的“PlanetX...Butitisworthit,becausethisisanexcellentmachineatalowerprice.PlanetXisahighlyratedmanufactureandthismodelcomeswithShimanoSoragears.”可知,PlanetXRT-58v2价廉而又配备禧玛诺Sora系列部件。答案为A项。3.Whatcanweknowaboutthebikesmentionedinthetext?A.Thesecondhassoldoutsofast.B.Youshouldbecarefulwhenridingthethird.C.Theforthisveryexpensivebutwithspecialmaterial.D.Youcanonlyridethefirstonthemountainousroad.答案C10\n解析推理判断题。根据BoardmanRoadTeamCarbon中的“Ifyoucanpushyourbudgetfurtherstill,thisbikeisworththeextrainvestment.Theframeismadeentirelyfromcarbon,whichislighter,fasterandmorecomfortablethanthecompositionmetalmodelsaboveandgivesyouanall-roundmoreenjoyableride.”可知,如果你能进一步增加预算,这辆自行车值得额外投资。车架完全由碳制成,比上面的金属模型更轻、更快、更舒适。分析句意可知,第四种车价格高,但所用的材料特殊,所以答案为C项。4.Inwhichcolumndoesthetextprobablyappearinthenewspaper?A.Travelandculture.B.Fashionandlifestyle.C.Healthandmedicine.D.Productionandmarketing.答案D解析推理判断题。本文主要向初学者介绍了四种自行车,因此可以判断出本文有可能出现在报纸的“产品和销售“版面,所以答案为D项。B(2022山东德州一模)Aparentmightplacehisdaughter’sdrawingonthefridgeoutofaloveforhischildratherthanforthewonderfulimage,butformanypeople,thatchildrenartisactuallyquiteamazing.Infact,adultartistswereofteninspiredbychildren’sdrawing.Forthemuseum-goersouttherewhotendtopointtoapieceofmodernartandsay,“Mykidcouldhavemadethat!”It’sworthrememberingthatoften,that’sactuallyjustwhattheartisthadinmind.Formanykids,drawingisexcitingnotbecauseofthefinalproductitleadsto,butbecausetheycanlivecompletelyintheworldoftheirdrawingforafewminutes.Evenchildrenarescribbling(涂鸦).They’rerepresentingthroughaction,notthroughpictures.LianeAlves,aprekindergartenteacher,recalledastudentwhopresentedherwithadrawingfeaturingasinglestraightlineacrossthepage.Alvesassumedthechildhadn’tgiventoomuchthoughttothedrawinguntilheexplainedthatthelinewasoneofthestems(茎)fromThePrincessAndThePea,oneofthefairytalestheyreadinclass.MaureenIngram,who’sapreschoolteacheratthesameschool,saidherstudentsoftentelldifferentstoriesaboutagivenpieceofartdependingontheday,perhapsbecausetheyweren’tsurewhattheyintendedtodrawwhentheystartedthepicture.“Weasadultswilloftensay,‘I’mgoingtodrawahorse,’andwesetout...andgetfrustratedwhenwecan’tdoit,”Ingramsaid.“Childrenseemtotakeadifferentapproach,wheretheyjustdraw,andthentheyrealize,‘itisahorse.’”10\nAndwhataboutthoseoddorscary-lookingdrawings?Doesthatmeankidsaretellingthemselvesstoriesthatareoddorscary?It’shardtosay,butit’srarelyagoodideatoover-interpretit.EllenWinner,apsychologyprofessor,pointedtoparentswhoworrywhentheirkiddrawsachildbiggerthantheadults.What’smostimportanttorememberisthat“children’sarthasitsownlogic,”Winnersaid.“Childrenarenotbeingcrazy.”【语篇解读】本文是社会文化类阅读。孩子们画画有自己的逻辑和意义,父母应该正确对待孩子的作品。5.Whatmaytheauthoragreemostaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Childrenaremoreskilledandcreativethanadultsinart.B.Theremightbesimilarpatternsinartists’andkids’drawings.C.Nooneknowswhatthedrawingexperiencemeanstochildren.D.Parentsshouldbecomedrawingteachersoftheirchildren.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段“Infact,adultartistswereofteninspiredbychildren’sdrawing.”可知,成人艺术家常常受到儿童绘画的启发,所以儿童绘画和艺术家绘画的模式可能有类似的地方。答案为B项。6.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoprovewiththeexampleofLiane’sstudent?A.Simplescribblesfromchildrenaremeaningful.B.Notallthechildrenlikedrawingintheclassroom.C.Children’sdrawingistoocomplicatedtounderstand.D.Teachersoftenfindithardtoteachchildrendrawing.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段“...heexplainedthatthelinewasoneofthestems(茎)fromThePrincessAndThePea,oneofthefairytalestheyreadinclass.”的例子可知,孩子画的直线是童话《豌豆公主》中的一条茎,作者举这个例子是为了说明孩子们简单的画对他们来说是有意义的。答案为A项。7.Whatismostimportantforchildrenwhiletheyaredrawing?A.Thebestimage.B.Drawingprocess.C.Acopyofrealthings.D.Theendingofstories.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段“Formanykids,drawingisexcitingnotbecauseofthefinalproductitleadsto,butbecausetheycanlivecompletelyintheworldoftheirdrawingforafewminutes.”可知,绘画之所以令孩子们兴奋,不是因为它带来的最后结果,而是因为有几分钟,他们能完全生活在绘画的世界里。由此可见对孩子们来说最重要的是过程而非结果,所以答案为B项。8.Whatshouldparentsdoiftheirchildrendrawthingsoddorscary?A.Askteacherstoshowthechildrenhowtodraw.10\nB.Helpthechildrentodrawthepictureagain.C.Inviteotherchildrentohaveadiscussionaboutthedrawing.D.Takeiteasyandlistentothestorybehindthepicture.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段“Doesthatmeankidsaretellingthemselvesstoriesthatareoddorscary?It’shardtosay,butit’srarelyagoodideatoover-interpretit.”及“What’smostimportanttorememberisthat‘children’sarthasitsownlogic’”可知,父母对孩子奇怪或吓人的画不要过度解读,他们的画有自己的逻辑,所以放松,听孩子讲画背后的故事。答案为D项。Ⅱ.完形填空(2022安徽十校联考)SouthKoreanartistYoung-SungKimhasaveryspecialtalent,hecanpaintphotographs.Thatmaysoundlikekindofexaggeration(夸张).MostofKim’spaintingsdescribesmall 1 interactingwithman-madeobjects.Theartistadmitsthathehasbeengreatly 2 byinsectsandreptiles(爬行动物)sincehewasayoungboy,keepingtheminhisroomand 3 them.Fromthatdayson,he 4 tobecomeapainter. “Itwasn’t 5 topainttheirstructureandcolorwell.ItwasmuchharderthanIhadexpected.IpromisedmyselfIwouldtrainmyselfatartschool 6 Icouldpaintthemperfectly,”the 7 toldYonhapNewsAgency. 8 ,hisparentsdidn’tapproveofhisdecisiontofocushisstudiesonart, 9 thathewouldnotbeabletolandagoodjob.Inhigh-school,their 10 onlymadeKimrebel(叛逆)evenmore.Aftertwoyearsofthis,hisfamilyfinally 11 andallowedhimtofollowhisdream. Intheend,Kim 12 hisparentsthattheymadethe 13 decision.Notonlydoeshegettoearnalivingdoingwhathe 14 most,buthebecameoneoftheworld’smosthighly-regarded 15 painters,earningbetween$10,000and$130,000perartwork. Young-SungKimpaintsformorethan12hoursaday, 16 onweekends.Despitethe 17 realismofhispaintings,Young-SungKimnevercompletely 18 withhiswork.He 19 hisartworksona100-pointscale,andnoneofhisdozensofpaintingshaveever10\nscoredabove90points.Kimhopesto 20 himselfandgetasclosetothat100-pointmarkaspossible. 【语篇解读】本文是人物传记。讲述韩国画家Young-SungKim的成才经历以及他的作品。 1.A.kidsB.plantsC.animalsD.toys答案C解析行文逻辑题。根据后文“insectsandreptiles”可知,Young-SungKim的大部分作品描绘的都是小动物和人造物件之间的互动,所以答案为C项。2.A.attractedB.confusedC.frightenedD.attacked答案A解析词义辨析题。A项“吸引”;B项“困惑,使迷惑”;C项“吓唬,使害怕”;D项“攻击,进攻,袭击”。他表示,自己从小就对昆虫和爬行动物十分着迷,会把它们饲养在房间里,当作绘画对象。答案为A项。3.A.feedingB.countingC.trainingD.painting答案D解析词义辨析题。A项“喂养,饲养”;B项“计算,重要,数数”;C项“训练,培训”;D项“绘画,粉刷”。根据上一题的分析可知答案为D项。4.A.managedB.decidedC.agreedD.demanded答案B解析词义辨析题。A项“管理,经营”;B项“决定”;C项“同意”;D项“要求”。从那天起,他决定成为一名画家。答案为B项。5.A.easyB.uselessC.necessaryD.impractical答案A解析词义辨析题。A项“容易”;B项“无用的”;C项“必要的”;D项“不切实际的”。根据后文“ItwasmuchharderthanIhadexpected.”可知,要想画好它们的结构和颜色,并不容易。答案为A项。6.A.evenifB.sothatC.unlessD.while答案B解析语法功能题。根据句意可知,他长大后去艺术院校接受培训,目的是使自己的画作更加完美。此处是sothat引导的目的状语从句,所以答案为B项。7.A.photographerB.architectC.artistD.biologist10\n答案C解析文化常识题。A项“摄影师”;B项“建筑师”;C项“艺术家”;D项“生物学家”。根据文章内容可知,他是一位绘画艺术家,所以答案为C项。8.A.SurprisinglyB.BasicallyC.NaturallyD.Unluckily答案D解析词义辨析题。A项“令人惊讶地”;B项“主要地,基本上地”;C项“自然地,天生地”;D项“不幸地”。不幸的是,他的父母并不赞成他把学习重心放在艺术上,因为担心他找不到好工作。答案为D项。9.A.fearingB.assessingC.suggestingD.predicting答案A解析词义辨析题。A项“害怕,担心,唯恐”;B项“评估,估计”;C项“建议,表明,暗示”;D项“预测”。根据上一题的分析可知答案为A项。10.A.requirementB.oppositionC.commentD.announcement答案B解析词义辨析题。A项“要求,条件”;B项“反对”;C项“评论”;D项“宣布,通知”。高中时,父母的反对让他愈加叛逆,所以选择B项。11.A.turnedawayB.settleddownC.gaveinD.tookover答案C解析词义辨析题。A项“避开,解雇”;B项“定居,安定下来”;C项“屈服,妥协”;D项“接管”。这样过了两年,他的家人终于做出妥协,允许他追求自己的梦想。答案为C项。12.A.guaranteedB.remindedC.informedD.convinced答案D解析词义辨析题。A项“担保,保证”;B项“提醒,使想起”;C项“告知”;D项“使相信”。他最终向父母证明,让他们相信他们当初的决定是正确的。答案为D项。13.A.similarB.rightC.quickD.normal答案B解析词义辨析题。A项“相似的”;B项“正确的,恰当的”;C项“快速地”;D项“正常的,标准的”。根据上一题的分析可知答案为B项。14.A.needsB.consumesC.trustsD.loves答案D10\n解析词义辨析题。A项“需要”;B项“消费,耗费”;C项“相信,信任”;D项“爱,喜欢”。从事自己最热爱的事业不仅能让他谋生,还让他成为世界上最受推崇的超写实画家。答案为D项。15.A.realisticB.internationalC.abstractD.simple答案A解析词义辨析题。A项“现实的,现实主义的”;B项“国际的”;C项“抽象的”;D项“简单的”。从事自己最热爱的事业不仅能让他谋生,还让他成为世界上最受推崇的超写实画家。答案为A项。16.A.just B.seldomC.even D.yet答案C解析行文逻辑题。他每天作画时间超过12小时,甚至连周末也是如此。答案为C项。17.A.splendidB.digitalC.magicalD.positive答案A解析词义辨析题。A项“辉煌壮丽的”;B项“数字的,数码的”;C项“魔幻的”;D项“积极的,正面的”。尽管他的写实主义画作令人叹为观止,但他本人却从来不觉得百分之百满意。答案为A项。18.A.popularB.contentC.busyD.familiar答案B解析词义辨析题。A项“受欢迎的,流行的”;B项“满意的”;C项“忙碌的”;D项“熟悉的”。根据上一题的分析可知答案为B项。19.A.chargesB.advertisesC.scoresD.improves答案C解析词义辨析题。A项“指控,要价,收费,充电”;B项“登广告”;C项“进球得分,打分”;D项“提高,改善”。他给自己的几十幅画作打分,满分是100分,没有任何一幅作品超过90分。答案为C项。20.A.faceB.expressC.accustomD.better答案D解析词义辨析题。A项“面对”;B项“表达”;C项“使习惯”;D项“胜过,改善,提高”。他希望自己能表现得更好,尽可能接近100分。答案为D项。Ⅲ.语篇填空(2022河北石家庄一模)AnAmericaninBeijingliveshisChinesedream10\nGaoTianruiwalksalongstreetsinBeijing’sXichengdistrictas1.publicsecurityvolunteer.2.(wear)hisbrightredarmband(红袖章)andspeakingfluentMandarin,62-year-oldGaoTianruicould3. (take)foranyregularChineseman.Buton4. (close)inspection,thingsarenotquite5.theyseem:Gao’srealnameisTerryCrossmanandheisfromtheUnitedStates.Heisnowamemberof“XichengDama”,thatis,volunteers,usuallywomeninlatemiddle-age,6.walkalongthestreetsofdowntownBeijing’sXichengdistrict.Terrysaidthat,atfirst,hesawthegroupasbusybodies,but7.(gradual)hesawthatitwasagoodthingforretiredseniors8. (help)others. Heisoftenseengivingtourists9. (direction),gettingwaterforababyandevenhelpinganeighborsellyogurt.“Ilikehelpingothers,”hesaid,“IliveinthehutongandmyneighborsandIusuallyhelpeachother...ThisiswhereIlive,wheremyfriendsareandwhereIcallhome.”Crossman10. (become)interestedinChinesecultureasateenagerwhenhereadTaoTeChingbyLaozi. 答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。本文介绍一个在北京的美国人做志愿者,实现中国梦的故事。1.a 考查冠词。句意:GaoTianrui作为一名公共安全志愿者在北京西城区沿着大街行走。这里表示“作为一名”,所以用不定冠词。2.Wearing 考查非谓语动词。句意:戴着鲜艳的红袖章,说着流利的普通话,62岁的GaoTianrui俨然就是一个普通的中国人。此处动词wear和主语为主动关系,所以用动词-ing形式作状语。3.betaken 考查动词语态。take...for...“把……当做……”,此处用被动语态。4.closer 考查形容词比较级。句意:但是进一步的调查发现,情况并不是看起来的那样。根据句意可知用比较级。5.what 考查表语从句。此处是what引导的表语从句。6.who 考查定语从句。句意:他现在是“西城大妈”的成员,“西城大妈”也就是志愿者,通常是岁数大的中年妇女,她们在北京西城区的街道巡视。根据句意可知,此处volunteers是先行词,指人,在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语。7.gradually 考查副词。此处是副词修饰整个句子,表示“逐渐地,渐渐地”。8.tohelp 考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作后置定语,考查的结构为:be+adj.+forsb./sth.+todo。9.directions 考查名词。句意:人们常常见到他给游客指方向。此处用名词作宾语补足语,因direction是可数名词,这里前面没有限定词,故用复数形式。10\n10.became 考查动词时态。句意:当Crossman读老子的《道德经》时,他就对中国文化产生了兴趣。根据句意可知,句子应该用一般过去时。Ⅳ.短文改错(2022重庆一中月考)SohappyamItolearnthatyouarecomingtoChinaandwouldstayatmyhomeduringtheChineseNewYear.MyparentsandIamverypleasedtohavethemwithus.Nowpleaseallowmetotellyouthatwehavearrangedforyou.Myfamilywillarrangelargenumberofthingsforyoutodointhemorning.Afterthat,I’llshowyouaroundandtakeyoutosomeplacesofinterests.Atnight,we’llmoststayathomewatchtheSpringFestivalGala,playingmahjong,andchattingwithpeople.Ifirmlybelieveinthatwe’llhaveawonderfultimebutenjoyeachother’scompany.答案SohappyamItolearnthatyouarecomingtoChinaandwouldwillstayatmyhomeduringtheChineseNewYear.MyparentsandIamareverypleasedtohavethemyouwithus.Nowpleaseallowmetotellyouthatwhatwehavearrangedforyou.Myfamilywillarrange∧alargenumberofthingsforyoutodointhemorning.Afterthat,I’llshowyouaroundandtakeyoutosomeplacesofinterestsinterest.Atnight,we’llmostmostlystayathomewatchwatchingtheSpringFestivalGala,playingmahjong,andchattingwithpeople.Ifirmlybelieveinthatwe’llhaveawonderfultimebutandenjoyeachother’scompany.10
