第四部分 阅读理解专题一 拨云见日——巧解事实细节类题目 Ⅰ.体验高考体裁：记叙文 话题：人物故事 时间：6分钟(2022·广东卷，A)SamuelOsmondisa19yearoldlawstudentfromCornwall，England.Heneverstudiedthepiano.However，hecanplayverydifficultmusicalpiecesbymusicianssuchasChopinandBeethovenjustafewminutesafterhehearsthem.Helearnsapieceofmusicbylisteningtoitinparts.Thenhethinksaboutthenotesinhishead.Twoyearsago，heplayedhisfirstpieceMoonlightSonata(奏鸣曲)byBeethoven.Hesurprisedeveryonearoundhim.Amazedthatherememberedthislonganddifficultpieceofmusicandplayeditperfectly，histeacherssaySamuelisunbelievable.Theysayhisabilityisveryrare，butSamueldoesn'tevenrealizethatwhathecandoisspecial.Samuelwantedtobecomealawyerasitwasthewishofhisparents，butmusicteacherstoldhimheshouldstudymusicinstead.Now，hestudieslawandmusic.Samuelcan'tunderstandwhyeveryoneissosurprised.“Igrewupwithmusic.Mymotherplayedthepianoandmyfatherplayedtheguitar.Abouttwoyearsago，Isuddenlydecidedtostartplayingthepiano，withoutbeingabletoreadmusicandwithouthavinganylessons.Itcomeseasilytome—Ihearthenotesandcanbeartheminmind—eachandeverynote，”saysSamuel.Recently，Samuelperformedapieceduringaspecialeventathiscollege.Thepiecehadmorethanathousandnotes.Theaudiencewasimpressedbyhisamazingperformance.Heisnowlearningapiecethatissodifficultthatmanyprofessionalpianistscan'tplayit.Samuelsaysconfidently，“It'sallaboutsupermemory—IguessIhavethatgift.”However，Samuel'sabilitytorememberthingsdoesn'tstopwithmusic.Hisfamilysaysthatevenwhenhewasayoungboy，Samuelheardsomeonereadastory，andthenhecouldretellthestorywordforword.Samuelisstillonlyateenager.Hedoesn'tknowwhathewantstodointhefuture.Fornow，heisjusthappytoplaybeautifulmusicandcontinuehisstudies.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文，记述了SamuelOsmond一个音乐天才的人物故事。1．WhatisspecialaboutSamuelOsmond?A．Hehasagiftforwritingmusic.B．Hecanwritedownthenotehehears.C．Heisatopstudentatthelawschool.D．Hecanplaythemusicalpiecehehears.解析 事实细节题。由第一段中的However，hecanplayverydifficultmusicalpiecesbymusicians...可知，故选D项。答案 D2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Samuelchoselawagainstthewishofhisparents.B．Samuelplannedtobealawyerratherthanamusician.14\nC．Samuelthinksofhimselfasamanofgreatmusicalability.D．Samuelstudieslawandmusicontheadviceofhisteachers.解析 事实细节题。由第二段最后两句“butmusicteacherstoldhimheshouldstudymusicinstead.Now，hestudieslawandmusic”可知选B。答案 B3．EveryonearoundSamuelwassurprisedbecausehe________.A．receivedagoodearlyeducationinmusicB．playedtheguitarandthepianoperfectlyC．couldplaythepianowithoutreadingmusicD．couldplaytheguitarbetterthanhisfather解析 事实细节题。由第三段最一句Samuelcan'tunderstandwhyeveryoneissosurprised和第三、四句“Isuddenlydecidedtostartplayingthepiano，withoutbeingabletoreadmusicandwithouthavinganylessons.Itcomeseasilytome...eachandeverynote”可知，他不用看音符就能弹钢琴，故选C项。答案 C4．WhatcanweinferaboutSamuelinParagraph4?A．Hebecamefamousduringaspecialeventathiscollege.B．Heisproudofhisabilitytorememberthingsaccurately.C．Heplaysthepianobetterthanmanyprofessionalpianists.D．Heimpressedtheaudiencebyplayingallthemusicalpieces.解析 推断判断题。由第四段最后一句Samuelsaysconfidently，“It'sallaboutsupermemory－IguessIhavethatgift.”可推出。答案 B5．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．TheQualitiesofaMusicianB．TheStoryofaMusicalTalentC．TheImportanceofEarlyEducationD．TheRelationshipbetweenMemoryandMusic解析 主旨大意题。每段都有Samuel，全文都是说学法律的Samuel有音乐天才。答案 BⅡ.仿真、模拟Passage1体裁：说明文 话题：如何去公园租个凉亭 时间：7分钟CABANARENTALSEachtablehasafoodmenualongwithanordercard.Thecabanaareaisstaffedwithaserver.Costoffoodanddrinksnotincludedinthecabanarental.PRICEKingCabanaProvideashadedareawithatable，fourchairsandtwoloungechairs.Willaccommodateupto8people.DS|125AttheParkDS|120ONLINEStandardCabanaProvideashadedareawithatable，twochairsandtwoloungeDS|85AttheParkDS|75ONLINE14\nchairs.Willaccommodateupto6people.MiniCabanaProvideashadedareawithatableandtwoloungechairs.Willaccommodateupto2people.DS|45CabanaAddonsToteBag—DS|44.99Addafewnecessitiestoyourcabanaandleavesomeofthepackingtous!ThiswonderfultotecontainstwoWaterCountryBeachTowels，SunscreenandapairofFlipflops(ChooseyoursizeattheGiftShop)．Pickupthetotewhencheckinginforyourcabana.CabanaLocker—DS|13.99Cabanasareavailableforuptoeightpeople.Pricesdonotincludeadmissiontickets.Pricingissubjecttochange.Aservicefeeisappliedtoeachonlineorder.Norefunds，rainchecksorexchanges，includingforlossortheft.Cabanareservationsaredatespecific;pleaseconfirmyourintendeddateofreservationbeforecompletingyourorder.CanIusemyparkticketthatIdidnotuselastyear?ThevalueofunusedsingledayGeneralAdmissionandConsignmentticketsfrompreviousyearscanbeappliedtowardthepurchaseofacurrentticketattheGuestServicesoffice.Guestswillberesponsibleforpayinganydifferenceinpricefromthevalueoftheoldtickettothecurrentpriceofthesametickettype.PricinginformationcanbeobtainedatGuestRelations.Complimentaryticketsofanytypemaynotbeupgradedandhavenocashvalue.【语篇导读】 本文是说明文，主要介绍了租凉亭的价格、租凉亭以外的其他费用以及关于往年未用旧票的说明等。1．WhatcanpeopledointheCabanaaccordingtothetext?A．Selldailynecessitiesinthesummer.B．Choosesomelovelygifts.C．Holdaninformalparty.D．Havesomefoodanddrinks.解析 考查细节理解。根据CABANARENTALS部分的信息“Eachtablehasafoodmenualongwithanordercard.Thecabanaareaisstaffedwithaserver.Costoffoodanddrinksnotincludedinthecabanarental.”可知，顾客可以在凉亭吃饭、喝饮料，只是这一部分费用在凉亭租金之外。答案 D2．Howcancustomersrentacabana?A．Theymustgotothepark.B．Theycanplaceanorderonline.C．Theyhavetoaskaserverforhelp.D．Theyneedpayaservicefeeinadvance.解析 考查细节理解。根据表格内容可知，人们可以到公园或在网上购买。A项错在“must”。答案 B3．Ifyouwanttomakeacabanareservation，youshouldpayattentionto________.A．theweatherB．thespecificdateC．theservicefeeD．thenumberofpeople解析 考查细节理解。根据CabanaAddons部分的信息“Cabanareservationsaredatespecific;pleaseconfirmyourintendeddateofreservationbeforecompletingyour14\norder.”(预订凉亭的日期要具体；请在完成您的订单之前确认您的预订日期)可知，预订凉亭一定要注意日期。答案 B4．“Complimentarytickets”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefertotickets________.A．foradmissionB．reservedonlineC．givenfreeofchargeD．frompreviousyears解析 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的信息“Guestswillberesponsibleforpayinganydifferenceinpricefromthevalueoftheoldtickettothecurrentpriceofthesametickettype.”可知，顾客需要补足旧票和如今的票价之间可能存在的差价；再结合对complimentarytickets的描述“maynotbeupgradedandhavenocashvalue”可推知，这种票应该指的是免费赠送的票。答案 C5．Whatwillyoudowithyourunusedadmissionticketaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Upgradeitonline.B．ReturnittotheGuestServicesoffice.C．Useitwhilebuyingacurrentticket.D．Exchangetheoldticketforcash.解析 考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“ThevalueofunusedsingledayGeneralAdmissionandConsignmentticketsfrompreviousyearscanbeappliedtowardthepurchaseofacurrentticketattheGuestServicesoffice.”可知，顾客在购买新票时可以使用旧票。答案 C【长难句解读】原文 Cabanareservationsaredatespecific;pleaseconfirmyourintendeddateofreservationbeforecompletingyourorder.译文 预订凉亭的日期要具体；请在完成您的订单之前确认您的预订日期。分析 这是两个并列分句。在第一个分句中，reservation是动词reserve“预订”的名词形式；在第二个分句中，过去分词intended作定语，before引导时间状语。Passage2体裁：说明文 话题：旅游世界 时间：7分钟(2022·吉林长春调研)Europeishometoavarietyofculturaltreasures.LonelyPlanet，theworld'slargesttravelguidepublisher，hasofferedpairsofcitiesforculturehungrybuttimepoortravelers.LondonandParisIttakesyouabouttwohourstotravelfromLondontoParisbyEurostar，ahighspeedrailwayservice.Thetwocapitalcitieshavebeencompetinginfashion，artandnightlifefordecades—buteachsecretlylooksuptotheother.NoonecandoubtthegrandandimpressivebeautyofParis'LouvreMuseum，butifyouwanttosavemoney，youcannotskiptheBritishMuseumfreetovisit.ComparedwithLondon，ParishasmoreoutdoorattractionssuchasthebeautifulgreenwalkwayLaPromenadePlantée.InParis，you'llseedinerslingeroverredwine.WhileinLondon，youcantrysomeafternoontea，eatfishandchipsorsaltedcake.ViennaandBratislavaAustriancapitalViennaandSlovakiancityBratislavaareanhourapartbytrain.ButsincetheyarelinkedbytheDanubeRiver，thebestwaytotravelisbyship.Atourofthetwocitiesistheperfect14\nwaytoexperienceeverythingfrom17thcentury'sHabsburgDynastysplendortoscifirestaurants.ViennaisfamousforMozartandimperialpalaces.YoucanappreciatetheperfectblendingofarchitectureandnatureinthegrandSchonbrunnPalace，andrewardyourselfwithacupofViennacoffee，whichhasmadeitswaytotheworld'sculturalheritagelist.Bratislavaisbestknownforitsfinedining—theremarkableUFOrestaurant.Youcanenjoyameatladendinnerhereinanamazingsetting.【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了两组对于旅游者来说不容错过的欧洲城市——伦敦和巴黎，维也纳和布拉迪斯拉发。1．What'stherelationshipbetweenLondonandParisaccordingtothetext?A．Theyhelpeachother.B．Theyattackeachother.C．Theyadmireeachother.D．Theydon'tlikeeachother.解析 细节理解题。根据LondonandParis下面的“buteachsecretlylooksuptotheother”可知，这两座城市相互钦佩，因此选C。答案 C2．WhataretheadvantagesofParismentionedinthearticle?a．TheLouvreMuseum.b．Freeaccesstomuseums.c．Moreoutdoorattractions.d．Betterwinesandperfumes.A．acB．cdC．acdD．bcd解析 细节理解题。根据LondonandParis下面的“NoonecandoubtthegrandandimpressivebeautyofParis'LouvreMuseum”可知a被提及了；根据本段中的“Parishasmoreoutdoorattractions”可知c被提及了。而文中关于巴黎的优点并没有提到b和d，因此选A。答案 A3．Whichofthecitiesshouldyouchooseifyouareinterestedinscifirestaurants?A．London.B．Paris.C．Glasgow.D．Bratislava.解析 细节理解题。根据ViennaandBratislava下面的“Atourofthetwocitiesistheperfectwaytoexperienceeverythingfrom...toscifirestaurants.”和“Bratislavaisbestknownforitsfinedining—theremarkableUFOrestaurant.”可推知，D项正确。答案 D4．LonelyPlanetrecommendsthesetwopairsofcitiesbecause______.A．theyarenotexpensivetovisitB．theyarebestknowntotheworldC．theyarealwaysenemiesbetweeneachotherD．theyareclosebutdifferentinmanyaspects解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“LonelyPlanet，theworld'slargesttravelguidepublisher，hasofferedpairsofcitiesforculturehungrybuttimepoortravelers.”并结合下文可知，每组中的两个城市相距不远，比较节约时间，而且它们有着不同的文化，因此才推荐给旅游者。故选D。答案 D14\nPassage3体裁：新闻报道 话题：绿色环保社区中心 时间：8分钟KPMG(aglobalnetworkofprofessionalfirmsprovidingaudit，taxandadvisoryservices)China，inpartnershipwithChinaChildrenandTeenagers'Fund(CCTF)andChengduWomen'sFederation,hasbuiltanexemplar(典范)greencommunitycentreinCifengTownship，PengzhouCity，SichuanProvince，aspartofeffortstomaketheearthquakestrickenareasingoodconditionagainandpromotethedevelopmentofthelocalcommunities.TheKPMGCCTFCommunityCentreistheworld'sfirstlongspanreconstructedbambooframestructureandbuiltwithleadingquakeresistanttechnology.TheProjectArchitect，IntegerChina，hasmadefulluseoflocallysourcedmaterialsinbuildingapeopleoriented，energysaving，andenvironmentallysustainablevillage.Theproject'smainconstructionmaterialshavecomefromrenewableresourcessuchasreconstructedbamboo，strawbalewallsandtimberwindows.Theprojectisalsoencouraginggreenenergybyusingsuchdesignsassolarlighttubes，LEDlampsandbiogasgenerators.Thedesignconcept，releasedatthe2022BeijingIntelligentGreen&EnergyEfficientBuildingsConvention，hasbeenwidelyrecognizedbothnationallyandinternationally，havingalsobeenawardedthe“2022NationalHumanSettlementBestPracticeGoldMedal”．TheKPMGCCTFCommunityCentreprojectisbeingfeaturedasoneofthebestpracticecasesforsustainablelivingenvironmentalprotectionattheZEDpavilionoftheShanghaiWorldExpo2022.Theprojecthasreceivedmanpower，resourcesandfinancialsupportfrom30domesticandinternationalenterprises，researchinstitutionsandgovernmentagencies.The450squaremeterCommunityCentrewasopenedon17May2022，andisusedforlocalchildren'sextracurricularactivitiesandvillagers'vocationaltraining.Theprojecthasadvancedtheruralcommunitydevelopmentbymeansofcorporatesponsorship，publicparticipationandpublicprivatepartnership，andservesasanexampleforimprovingeducational，culturalandrecreationalfacilitiesinruralcommunities.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了毕马威与中国少年儿童基金会、成都妇联一起在四川省彭州市磁峰镇建造的一个绿色社区示范中心，本中心充分利用当地资源，处处体现了绿色环保的理念。1．KPMGandCCTFhavebuiltagreencommunitycenterinorderto________.A．showthebeautyoftheruralcommunitiesB．advancethelocalcommunity'sdevelopmentC．offerearthquakestrickenareasfinancialaidD．giveanexampleofquakeresistanttechnology解析 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的信息“tomaketheearthquakestrickenareasingoodconditionagainandpromotethedevelopmentofthelocalcommunities.”可知，建造这个绿色社区示范中心的目的是促进当地社区的发展，故选B项。答案 B2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoftheKPMGCCTFCommunityCentre?A．Itisstillaconceptofconstruction.B．Itsmaterialsarealllocallysourced.C．Itisfriendlytoenvironmentalprotection.14\nD．Itistheworld'sfirstwoodframestructure.解析 考查细节判断。根据文章第二段中的信息“TheProjectArchitect，IntegerChina，hasmadefulluseoflocallysourcedmaterialsinbuildingapeopleoriented，energysaving，andenvironmentallysustainablevillage.”及该段最后一句“...isbeingfeaturedasoneofthebestpracticecasesforsustainablelivingenvironmentalprotection...”可知，该社区中心是有利于环境保护的，故C项正确。答案 C3．Whatdoyouthinkofthedesignconcept?A．Itistraditional.B．Itiswellreceived.C．Itisabstract.D．Itisnotverypractical.解析 考查推理判断。根据第二段最后两句和第三段可知，该建筑理念是广受欢迎的(wellreceived)。答案 B4．TheKPMGCCTFCommunityCentreisusedfor________.A．educationalandculturalpartnershipB．sustainablelivingenvironmentalprotectionC．localchildren'sactivitiesandvillagers'vocationaltrainingD．professionalaudit，taxandadvisoryservices解析 考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段中的信息“andisusedforlocalchildren'sextracurricularactivitiesandvillagers'vocationaltraining.”可知，该中心被用作当地儿童的课外活动中心和村民的技术培训中心。答案 C5．Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheproject________.A．usedtolackresourcessupportB．willbenefitthelocalpeoplealotC．wasfinancedbythelocalgovernmentD．isonlyinternationallyacknowledged解析 考查推理判断。通过文章最后一段可知，该中心促进了当地社区的发展，由此推知，当地居民从中受益很多。答案 B【长难句解读】原文 KPMG(aglobalnetworkofprofessionalfirmsprovidingaudit，taxandadvisoryservices)China，inpartnershipwithChinaChildrenandTeenagers'Fund(CCTF)andChengduWomen'sFederation,hasbuiltanexemplar(典范)greencommunitycentreinCifengTownship，PengzhouCity，SichuanProvince，aspartofeffortstomaketheearthquakestrickenareasingoodconditionagainandpromotethedevelopmentofthelocalcommunities.译文 毕马威(一家网络遍布全球的专业服务机构，专门提供审计、税务和咨询等服务)与中国儿童少年基金会、成都妇联一起在四川省彭州市磁峰镇建造了一个绿色社区示范中心，努力让地震灾区恢复良好状态并促进当地社区的发展。分析 这个句子很长，却是一个简单句。句子的主干部分是KPMGChinahasbuiltanexemplargreencommunitycentre；inpartnershipwithChinaChildrenandTeenagers'Fund(CCTF)andChengduWomen'sFederation和aspartofeffortstomakethe14\nearthquakestrickenareasingoodconditionagainandpromotethedevelopmentofthelocalcommunities是介词短语作状语。Passage4体裁：记叙文 话题：人生百态 时间：7分钟TheOlympicmedalceremonieshavealreadybegun.Butsomeathleteshardlydisguisetheirdisappointmentwhensilverandnotgoldishungaroundtheirnecks.TheBritishjudosilvermedallistNeilAdamscallshistwofromthe1980s“loser'smedals”．Untilfouryearsago，theywereinaboxatthebackofacupboard.Hiswifethenhadthemframedforhis50thbirthdayandtheyarenowuponthewall.Adamsfeelsproudwhenhelooksatthem，buthisthoughtsquicklyturnto“whatifs”．“Iwouldn'tchangemuch”，headds.Andhewouldn'tneedto.Goldwaswithinhisgrasptwice，butslippedawaybyanarrowmarginonthejudomat.“ThelossesattheOlympicGameswerethemostdifficultthingformetoaccept，”hesaid.“Ididn'twinthesilvermedal.Ilostthegold.Inmymindtheywerelosses.Ithastakenmorethan30yearstogetoverit.”MarkCavendish，JessicaEnnisandMoFarahhaveneverwonOlympicgold，buttheycameintoLondon2022asthreeofTeamGB'sbiggestmedalhopes.Unfortunately，Cavendishhasalreadysuffereddisappointmentinthecyclingroadrace.NeilAdamswasinthatsamepositioninboththe1980and1984games.However，inacareerinwhichhecollectedeveryotherjudoaccolade，thingssimplywentwrongattheOlympics.InMoscow1980，Adamswasjust21yearsoldandfoundthemediafocusandpressureofexpectationtoomuch.Askedaboutbeingafavourite，Adamssaid：“Itishell，andabouthowyoucopewithitinthemind.Itcanmakeyouafraidtowinorloseandthereisadifference.Iwasafraidtolose.Sometimesyoufreeze.Sometimesittakesyouover.”Adamssaysthathewasverycautiousandthatwhensomethingwastacticalandtechnicalheapproachedittootactically.Perhapsit'sbettertogoinwitha‘nothingtolose'attitude.ThatmightbethereasonwhytheOlympicGameshaveoftencreatedsurpriseresults.Sometimesit'stheoneswhokeeptheircoolandworkthehardestwhogettheresults.【语篇导读】 参加奥运会的运动员都希望获得金牌，而那些与金牌失之交臂获得银牌的运动员的心里是什么滋味儿呢？1．WhereareNeilAdams'silvermedalsnow?A．Aroundhisneck.B．Atthebackofacupboard.C．Inabox.D．Onthewall.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，现在这两枚银牌被他的妻子裱框后挂在了墙上。答案 D2．HowlongdidAdamskeepthemedalsinthebox?A．Morethan30years.B．Morethan40years.C．Morethan20years.D．Nomorethan20years.解析 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，他分别于1980年和1984年参加奥运会，并分别夺得了一枚银牌，但他的两枚银牌是在四年前才从盒子里拿出来的，也就是2022年，那么第一枚银牌在盒子里放了28年，第二枚银牌放了24年。因此答案应为20多年。14\n答案 C3．Adamsalwaysfeltitapitytowinsilvermedalsbecause________.A．hewasnarrowlybeatenbythechampionB．hedidn'ttryhisbestC．helackedtechniquesD．hewastoogreedy解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知，他本来是能够获胜的，但最后都是对手勉强获得冠军，这让他觉得很可惜。答案 A4．Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetootherathletes?A．Trytobecomethemediafocus.B．Keeptheircoolandworkhard.C．Trytodobetternexttime.D．Useasmanytechniquesaspossible.解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，作者建议其他运动员要保持冷静并努力锻炼，因此选择B。答案 BPassage5体裁：说明文 话题：游戏与学习 时间：7分钟Astudysuggestsplayingvideogamesthatmighthelpdyslexic(诵读困难的)peoplelearnmorequickly.VanessaHarrarofBritain'sUniversityofOxfordledthestudy.ShereportedthefindingsinthejournalCurrentBiology.Thestudysuggeststhatdyslexicpeoplemayhavetroublemovingquicklyfromwhattheyreadtowhattheyhear.Inthestudy，DoctorHarrartested17peoplewithdyslexia，and19otherswithoutreadingproblems.Thevolunteerswereaskedtopushabuttonasquicklyaspossiblewhentheyheardasound，sawalightorexperiencedbothtogether.DoctorHarrarcomparedthespeedoftheirreactions.Shefoundthatpeoplewithdyslexiawerejustasfastastheotherswhentheysawonlyapictureorheardonlyasound.ButtheDyslexicshadaslowerreactiontimewhentheyheardasoundandsawapictureatthesametime，thismayhaveaneffectonhowdyslexicchildrenaretaughthowtoread.DoctorHarrarfeelslikeplayingvideogamescouldhelpdyslexicpeopleshiftfromseeingtohearingmorequickly.Sheaddsthatimagesinvideogamesforcetheeyestomoveandfocusquickly.“Videogametypesofthingspopoutofhereandthere，theymoveyoureyesaroundthescreenquitequicklyinresponsetothingsquitequickly，andthemoreyouplayavideogamethefasteryougetthatkindofthing.So，thevideogameisreallytrainingtheattentionsystemtomovequickly，”saidHarrar.Whenchildrenlearnthealphabet，theyusuallyseetheletterfirstandthenhearthesound，ortheyseeandheartheletteratthesametime.ThestudyshowsthatDyslexicsmightlearnmorequicklyiftheyhearthesoundofaletterorwordfirstbeforeseeingit.【语篇导读】 研究表明视频游戏能帮助阅读障碍者学习。1．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HowtoPlayVideoGamesBetter14\nB．VideoGamesMightHelpDyslexicsC．VideoGamesCanCureDyslexicsCompletelyD．What'sDyslexics解析 标题概括题。文章主要讲述了研究表明视频游戏能帮助有阅读障碍者学习，故用B作为文章的标题最好。答案 B2．Accordingtothepassagethedyslexicpeoplehavedifficultyin______.A．changingfromwhattheyseetowhattheyhearquicklyB．movingaroundC．playingvideogamesD．watchingmovies解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thestudysuggeststhatdyslexicpeoplemayhavetroublemovingquicklyfromwhattheyreadtowhattheyhear.”和第四段中的“DoctorHarrarfeelslikeplayingactionvideogamescouldhelpdyslexicpeopleshiftfromseeingtohearingmorequickly.”可知有阅读障碍的人在所看到的东西和所听到的东西之间进行转换时有困难。答案 A3．Thestudyshowsthepeoplewithdyslexiaresponse______whentheyonlytakeasingleaction.A．slowerthanthepeoplewithoutdyslexiaB．fasterthanthepeoplewithoutdyslexiaC．asfastasthepeoplewithoutdyslexiaD．twicefasterthanthepeoplewithoutdyslexia解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Shefoundthatpeoplewithdyslexiawerejustasfastastheotherswhentheysawonlyapictureorheardonlyasound.”可知应选C。答案 C4．WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph4?A．Thereasonaboutherstudy.B．Thesituationaboutherstudy.C．Theproblemaboutherstudy.D．Theconclusionaboutherstudy.解析 推理判断题。通读第四段不难发现Harrar向我们介绍了她研究的结论：如何才能更好地使有阅读障碍的人反应的更快——玩视频游戏。答案 D5．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．TheDyslexicsreactquicklywhentheyhearawordandseeitinthemeantime.B．TheDyslexicsmakenoreactionwhentheyhearawordandseeitinthemeantime.C．TheDyslexicsreactquicklywhentheyhearawordbeforeseeit.D．TheDyslexicsreactquicklywhentheyhearawordafterseeit.解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ButtheDyslexicshadaslowerreactiontimewhentheyheardasoundandsawapictureatthesametime...”和最后一段中的“ThestudyshowsthatDyslexicsmightlearnmorequicklyiftheyhearthesoundofaletterorwordfirstbeforeseeingit.”可知有阅读障碍的人在看到一个单词之前先听到它，他们反应会快一些，故选C项。答案 CPassage614\n体裁：记叙文 话题：个人情况 时间：8分钟Annewokeupat6：00amthismorningbecauseitwasthefirstdayofschool.Shewentintothebathroom，lookedinthemirrorandshestartedtoscream.Herlittlesisterwokeupandwenttoseewhatwaswrong.Annestartedtocry，“It'sthefirstdayofschoolandmyhairisamess！”HerlittlesisterEmilyshookherhead，“Oh!Anneyouwokemeupforthat.I'mgoingbacktobed.”“THANKSFORTHEHELP...NOT！”Annescreamedtohersister.Annewasreallysadaboutherhair.Shestartedtosearchthrougheverythingtryingtofindsomethingtofixherhair.Finallyshefoundsomehairspray.Ithelpedalittlebutnotmuchsoshewenttopickoutherclothes.Shehadnoideawhattowear.ItwaseitherhernewdresswithlittlepinkbowsalloveritorherfavoritewhitebutnowbrownTshirtandrippedjeanssincetheywereinstyle.SheputonherTshirtandjeans.Aftershewasfinallydonewiththatshewenttothekitchentofindsomethingtoeat.Aftersheateshewentbackintothebathroom.Scaredtolookinthemirrorshestartedtobrushherteeth.Sheturnedonherradioandstartedtodance.Forgettingabouttheslipperyfloorsheslippedinthepuddleandhurtherheadbuttryingtobebraveshegotbackupandcontinuedtobrushherteeth.Sherinsed_outhermouthandwentbackinthelivingroom.Sheglancedattheclock.Itwas7：00.Shehurriedtogetonthebus.Shewaitedandwaited，butthebusnevercame.Soshewentinsidetoseewhattimeitwas.Itwas8：00.Shegotscared.Shewasrunningthroughthehousescreaming，“MOM!MOM!THEBUSFORGOTME！”Hermomwokeupandsatup.Shestartedtolaugh.“Schooldoesn'tstarttilltomorrow，silly，”hermomchuckled.Annestoodthereaminute.“WHAT!Igotupfornothing.Ihavetodothisallagaintomorrow，”shethought.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了一个女孩早早起床准备第一天上学的情景。1．WhydidAnnestarttoscreaminthebathroom?A．Becausesheslippedontheslipperyground.B．Becauseshewaslateforthefirstdayofschool.C．Becauseherhairwasinanuntidystate.D．Becauseherlittlesisterdidn'thelpher.解析 考查细节理解。从第一段中的“It'sthefirstdayofschoolandmyhairisamess！”可知她叫嚷的原因是发现自己的头发乱糟糟的，故选C。答案 C2．WhydidAnnechooseherTshirtandjeans?A．Becausesheexpectedtowearcasualclothes.B．Becauseshelikestowearnewclothesforschool.C．Becauseshefoundthemcomfortabletowear.D．Becausetheyarefashionablethen.解析 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ItwaseitherhernewdresswithlittlepinkbowsalloveritorherfavoritewhitebutnowbrownTshirtandrippedjeanssincetheywereinstyle.”可知她选择这身衣服是因为比较流行，故选D。14\n答案 D3．WhatdidAnnedowhilebrushingherteeth?A．Shedancedtothemusic.B．Shelookedinthemirrorcarefully.C．Shelistenedtothenewsontheradio.D．Sheplannedtochangeherhairstyle.解析 考查细节理解。结合第四段中的“Scaredtolookinthemirrorshestartedtobrushherteeth.Sheturnedonherradioandstartedtodance.”可知，她一边刷牙，一边跳舞，故选A。答案 A4．Whatdoesthephrase“rinsedout”inPara.5mean?A．Closed.B．Washed.C．Covered.D．Opened.解析 考查短语猜测。结合前面的“continuedtobrushherteeth”和画线词组后面的“hermouthandwentbackinthelivingroom”可知，画线词组在这里表示“冲洗”，故选B。答案 B5．Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AbusydayB．AnactivegirlC．AbigmorningD．Thefirstdayofschool解析 考查标题判断。本文主要描写了一个女孩在早晨为第一天上学进行的各种忙碌的准备，但是最后却被告知明天才是第一天上学的日子，所以C项作为本文标题最合适。答案 CPassage7体裁：说明文 话题：公民科学 时间：7分钟Citizenscienceisatermusedforprojectsorongoingprogramsofscientificworkinwhichindividualvolunteersornetworksofvolunteers，manyofwhommayhavenospecificscientifictraining，performormanageresearchrelatedtaskssuchasobservation，measurementorcomputation.AnexampleofcitizenscienceisaprojectcalledProjectBudBurst.Overthepastsixgrowingseasons，ProjectBudBursthasusedthousandsofvolunteerobservers.Theyrecordwhenlocalplantsdeveloptheirleaves，flowersandfruit.Theobservationsgointoahugedatabase.Thenplantscientistscanstudythedatatolookforchangesovertime.ProjectdirectorSandraHendersonsaysparticipatorysciencelikethisisanideathatisgrowingquickly.Forexample，peoplewhoenjoyastronomycanobservechangesinthebrightnessofastar.PeoplecanexaminesatelliteimagesofEarthtolookforsiteswherearcheologistsmightfindthelosttombofGenghisKhan，theMongolianwarriorandruler.Orsomeoneinterestedinorcawhalescanlistentounderwatermicrophonesandletresearchersknowwhenthewhalesarepresent.ThousandsofAmericansandCanadiansvolunteeredtocountbirdsthispastmigrationseasonaspartofProjectFeederWatch.Anotherareawherecitizensciencehasgrownisintestingwater.AmandaBrunercoordinatesSoundCitizen，aprojectbasedattheUniversityofWashingtoncampusinTacoma.ItkeepstrackofpollutantsinPugetSound.Somepeople，includingscientists，stillquestionwhetheraveragecitizenscancollectreliabledata.Newdigitaltoolscanhelpsettlequestionsaboutdataquality，andmakeiteasierforpeopleto14\ntakepartincitizenscience.Publichealthresearchisanotherareawhereaveragecitizensaregettinginvolved—insomecases，whetherresearcherslikeitornot.Theideaisforthepublictohaveavoiceinhowpublichealthstudiesaredone.Thereisevenasayingforthiskindofactivism：“Nomoreresearchaboutuswithoutus.”【语篇导读】 本文属于科普类说明文，主要介绍了公民科学的含义以及人们对它的看法。1．Whoaretheparticipantsinvolvedincitizenscience?A．Professionalscientistswhohaveretired.B．Thepublicshowinginterestinsomescienceprojects.C．Citizenswhohavespecificscientifictraining.D．Studentswantingtobescientists.解析 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，公民科学的参与者是对一些科学项目有兴趣的民众，他们中很多人并没有接受过特定的培训。故B项正确。答案 B2．Accordingtothepassage，ifyouareinterestedinplants，youmaytakepartin______.A．ProjectBudBurstB．ProjectFeederWatchC．SoundCitizenD．publichealthresearch解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theyrecordwhenlocalplantsdeveloptheirleaves，flowersandfruit...Thenplantscientistscanstudythedatatolookforchangesovertime.”可知答案为A。答案 A3．FromParagraph3，wecaninferthat______.A．citizensciencedevelopsquicklyandincludesmanyfieldsB．thereisnoneedforprofessionalscientiststodoresearchC．observationistheonlymethodtodocitizenscienceD．citizensciencehasgrownintestingwater解析 推理判断题。根据第二段末尾句和第三段所述内容可推知，citizenscience发展迅速且所涉领域很广，故A项正确。D属于明示信息，不属于推论。答案 A4．Whatcanhelpgetreliabledataincitizenscience?A．Specificscientifictraining.B．Moreparticipationofthepublic.C．Greatersocialsupport.D．Newdigitaltools.解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Newdigitaltoolscanhelp...takepartincitizenscience.”可知答案为D。答案 D【长难句解读】原文 Citizenscienceisatermusedforprojectsorongoingprogramsofscientificworkinwhichindividualvolunteersornetworksofvolunteers，manyofwhommayhavenospecificscientifictraining，performormanageresearchrelatedtaskssuchasobservation，measurementorcomputation.14\n译文 公民科学用于指那些处理科学工作的工程或持续进行的项目，参与其中的是一些个人志愿者或志愿者群体，他们中许多人可能没有经过特定的科学训练，而执行或者管理与科学研究有关的一些任务，如观察、测量或计算。分析 定语从句“inwhichindividualvolunteersornetworksofvolunteers...orcomputation”为限制性定语从句，修饰“projectsorongoingprogramsofscientificwork”，这一定语从句的主语“individualvolunteersornetworksofvolunteers”又被manyofwhom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰。14
