专题检测卷(四)动词和动词短语(建议用时:20分钟)1.(2022·南宁模拟)China’seffortsonfoodproductionandsafetywill afterthenewfoodlawisintroduced.A.showoff B.turnoff C.putoff D.payoff2.Lookingbackonthethree-yearlifeinthemountainvillage,Thomas itasamilestoneinhispersonaldevelopment.A.valuesB.confirmsC.declaresD.assumes3.—Doyouhaveenoughto allyourdailyexpenses?—Oh,yes,enoughandtospare.A.coverB.spendC.fillD.offer4.(2022·潍坊模拟)Ifyouwanttomakeprogress,youshouldalways_______yourself.A.relaxB.contentC.occupyD.challenge5.—Howwillyou yourselfafteryouretire?—Iintendtogetintogolftospendtherestofmylife.A.occupyB.associateC.chargeD.devote6.I banningtrucksinthecitycentrebecauseitwillreduceairpollutionandnoise.A.assistB.advocateC.admitD.oppose7.(2022·宁波模拟)Ningboisasmallcity.Therefore,to theflowoftraffic,thegovernmenthasdecidedtobroadensomemainstreets.A.speedupB.buildupC.putupD.comeup8.Johnwentthroughthetestpaperoncemorecarefullyforfearthathewould________anyessentialdetail.A.convinceB.abandonC.overlookD.escape9.Sofar,relativelyfewerwomenhave ittothetopinthebusinessworld.A.achievedB.promisedC.takenD.made10.YoulookverysadnowandIsupposemaybeyouneedashoulderonwhichto_______yourheadforawhile.A.pressB.stickC.restD.base11.(2022·南平模拟)Adoptingthedoctor’sadvice,he oncoffeeandcigarettesandateabalanceddiet.A.cutdownB.brokedownC.turneddownD.putdown12.(2022·长春模拟)Wecan’t towaitanylongerorwe’llmisstheplane.A.offerB.avoidC.affordD.spare13.(2022·开封模拟)EinsteinlikedBose’spapersomuchthathe hisownworkandtranslateditintoGerman.A.gaveoffB.turnedupC.tookoverD.setaside-4-\n14.Ifyousitinanofficealldaylongandrarely ,you’relikelytosufferfromneckandbackpains.A.cutinB.workoutC.breakdownD.stayup15.(2022·合肥模拟)ThetwinsisterswereshoppingforhoursonWomen’sDayandmanagedto bagsofbargains.A.comeacrossB.pickupC.dealwithD.takein16.(2022·湖北八校模拟)Wealmostalways ourconcertswithit,notonlybecauseit’sagreatpieceofmusic,butalsobecauseoftheenergythatwegetbackfromtheaudience.A.analyzeB.handleC.confirmD.conclude17.(2022·南京模拟)ShewantedtoaskifhehadnewsofWilliams,butwords_______inherthroat.A.burstB.stuckC.brokeD.settled18.Well,inthatcase,whydon’tyougototheschoollibraryand allthebooksonthesubjects?A.checkoutB.bringoutC.putoutD.leaveout19.(2022·盐城模拟)Whatwasitthatmadetheyoungman amongthecandidates?A.pickoutB.runoutC.giveoutD.standout20.Youhadpromisedto whenpassingbyourtown,butwhatwasitthatpreventedyoufromshowingupinmyhome?A.fitinB.breakinC.dropinD.checkin21.(2022·黄山模拟)—Whydidn’tIseeyouattheconcert?—Badluck!Iwas attheentranceofthetheaterasaresultofnotbringingmyticket.A.turneddownB.turnedoverC.turnedawayD.turnedoff22.(2022·哈尔滨模拟)Thetwosides aseriesofcompromisesuggestionsandthensignedthecontract.A.madeoutB.workedoutC.putoutD.pickedout23.AfterseveralroundsofI’maSingercompetition,YuQuan becauseoftheirexcellentvoicesandperformance.A.putoutB.pickedoutC.brokeoutD.stoodout24.(2022·吉安模拟)Travelingisagoodwayto differentculturesandbroadenthemind.A.expandB.exploreC.exposeD.export25.Economicgrowthintheworldremainsweakthroughout2022anditishopedthatitwill graduallyin2022.A.breakupB.makeupC.pickupD.putup答案解析-4-\n1.【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:在新的食品法引入之后,中国在食品生产及安全方面所做的努力会取得好的结果。showoff炫耀,卖弄;turnoff关闭;putoff推迟;payoff努力取得成功,得到好的结果。2.【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:回顾在这个山村三年的生活,托马斯把它当成他个人发展的一个里程碑。value在本题中意为“重视,珍视”;confirm确认,证实;declare宣布;assume假设。3.【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:——你有足够的钱来支付所有的日常费用吗?——噢,有,绰绰有余。cover负担,支付;够付(费用);spend花费(时间或金钱);fill填充,满足;offer提供,出价。4.【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你想要取得进步,你就应当经常挑战自己。relax放松;content使满足;occupy使忙于,占据,从事于;challenge挑战。5.【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:——在你退休后你如何让你自己不赋闲呢?——我打算打高尔夫来度过我的余生。occupy使忙碌;associate联想,使发生联系;charge对……索费,使充电,使承担;devote致力于,奉献。6.【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我拥护在市中心禁止卡车,因为它会减少空气污染和噪音。assist协助,帮助;advocate提倡,主张,拥护;admit承认,准许进入;oppose反对。7.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:宁波是一个小城市。因此为了加快交通流量,政府已经决定拓宽一些主要的街道。speedup加速,加快;buildup增进,积累,加强;putup举起,张贴,提供住宿,建造;comeup走近,上升,被提出。8.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:约翰再次仔细检查了试卷生怕会忽略任何基本的细节。convince说服,使确信;abandon放弃;overlook忽略,忽视;escape逃避,被忘掉。9.【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:到目前为止,只有相当少的女性成功达到商界的顶峰。achieve获得,达到;promise许诺,承诺;take拿,取,采取,接受。makeit为固定短语,意为“成功达到预定目标,及时到达”。10.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:你看起来很伤心。我想你可能需要一个肩膀,可以把你的头靠在上面一会儿。press按,压,逼近;stick坚持,伸出,粘住;rest使休息,使倚靠;base基于,在……的基础上,以……为基础。故本题正确选项为C。11.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:他采纳了医生的建议,减少了喝咖啡和吸烟的量,饮食也均衡了。cutdown削减,减少;breakdown分解,发生故障,失败,毁掉;turndown拒绝,关小;putdown记下,写下,镇压。【变式训练】(2022·吉安模拟)—DoyouknowwhyMichaelresignedfromtheboard?—Heheldoutforhigherwages,butwas intheend.A.putdownB.brokedownC.cutdownD.turneddown【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:——你知道为什么迈克尔从董事会辞职吗?——他坚持要求更高的工资,但是最后被拒绝了。turndown拒绝。12.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们再也等不起了,要不然我们就错过航班了。offertodosth.主动提出做某事;avoiddoingsth.避免做某事;afford与can和beableto连用,可用于表示“担负得起(损失、后果等);足以;经得起;能受得住,够得上(做某事)”;spare节约,分出,抽出,留出。13.【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:爱因斯坦非常喜欢Bose的论文,于是他就放下自己的工作,将它译成了德语。giveoff发出(光等),放出;turnup出现,开大;takeover接管,接收;setaside留出,挑出,把……搁在一边。14.【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果你整天坐在办公室很少锻炼,你就可能感到颈部和背部疼痛。cutin插话;workout制订出,解决(问题),锻炼;breakdown使分解,出故障,stayup熬夜,不睡觉。15.【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:这对双胞胎姐妹在妇女节这天花费数小时购物,结果设法买到了成袋的便宜商品。comeacross偶遇,偶然发现;pickup在本句中意为“便宜地得到”;dealwith处理,应付;takein吸收。-4-\n16.【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们几乎总是用它来结束我们的音乐会,不仅因为它是一首极好的曲子,也是因为我们从观众那里所获得的活力。analyze分析;handle处理;confirm确认;conclude结束。17.【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:她想问一下他是否有威廉姆斯的消息,但是这些话却难以开口。burst爆发,stick卡住,塞住,过去式为stuck。wordsstuckinherthroat意为“这话让她难以开口”。18.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:噢,如果情况是那样的话,你为什么不到学校图书馆把所有这些科目的书都借出来?checkout在本句中意为“办妥手续借出(或取出)”;bringout出版,使显现;putout伸出,扑灭,出版;leaveout遗漏,忽略。19.【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:是什么使得这个年轻人在这些应征者中脱颖而出?pickout挑选出,辨认出;runout用完,耗尽。giveout分发,发出;发表;用尽,精疲力竭;standout杰出,突出,引人注目。20.【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:你答应过在经过我们镇时顺便来我家拜访,可是是什么事使你没能到我家呢?fitin适应,适合;breakin插嘴,闯入;dropin顺便拜访;checkin登记,报到。21.【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:——为什么我在音乐会上没有看到你?——真倒霉!因为没有带票,我在剧院入口被拒绝入内。turndown拒绝;turnover翻阅,把……翻过来;反复考虑;turnaway把某人拒之门外;转身离开;turnoff关闭。22.【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:双方得出了一系列折中的建议,然后签署了这项合同。makeout理解,辨认出;workout解决问题;锻炼;putout熄灭,出版;pickout挑选出,辨认出。23.【解析】选D。考查动词短语。句意:《我是歌手》经过几轮比赛之后,羽泉因为他们出色的声音和表现胜出。standout胜出。24.【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:旅行是一种很好的了解不同文化、开拓思想的方式。expand扩张,展开;explore探索,了解;expose揭露,暴露,使接触;export出口。25.【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:2022年世界经济增长依然缓慢,人们希望在2022年会好转。breakup(使)破碎;分手,关系破裂;makeup组成,化妆,杜撰,和解;pickup拾起,获得,不费力地学会,恢复,好转;putup搭建,张贴,留宿。-4-
