课时提能练(十七)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·黑龙江省六校协作体模拟)Wealllikefantasystories，andgrowupreadingandlisteningtofantasies.Thesetalesfuelourimaginations，andsatisfyourlongingsforadventures.Themostinterestingthingaboutfantasiesisthattheirplotsinvolvemagicalbeastsandheroes，animalcreaturestalkinglikehumans，andotherthingswecan'tseeinreallife.Also，fantasieshaveadistinguishedwritingstyle，withfreedomofexpression.ToyFantasyIntoyfantasystories，narrators(叙述者)bringtheirbelovedtoystolifethatcanlive，talk，think，breatheandbehavelikehumanbeings.Youwouldseemoderntoyfantasiesinapicturebookformat.RepresentativeworksareA．A.Milne'sWinniethePoohandCarloCollodi'sTheAdventuresofPinocchio.AnimalFantasyTheanimalfantasytellstalesaboutanimalsbehavinglikehumanbeings，experiencingemotions，andhavingtheabilitytotalk.However，animalsinfantasiesholdtheirvariousanimalcharacteristics，too.ExamplesincludeTheWindintheWillowsbyKennethGrahame，Charlotte'sWebbyE．B.White，andTheTaleofPeterRabbitbyBeatrixPotterwhichinfluenceschildrenaroundtheworld.MagicalFantasyInamagicalfantasy，youseeacharacterhavingmagicalpowers，orastrangemagicalobjectbecomesthesubjectofthestory.Storiesofthistypebeganwidelyspreadinglongago，includingRoaldDahl'sCharlieandtheChocolateFactoryandWilliamSteig'sSylvesterandtheMagicPebble.ModernFolktalesModernfolktalesaretypesoffantasythatnarratorstellinatraditionaltaleaccompanyingsometypicalparts，suchasstrongconflict，littledescriptionofcharacters，andsometimesmagicalelements.Thesetalescomebeforeallothersandarepopular，asauthorsthroughouthistoryhavewrittenthem.HansChristianAndersenhaswrittenseveraltalesofthiscategoryincludingTheNightingale，TheEmperor'sNewClothesandThumbelina.【语篇解读】 本文介绍了奇幻文学的几种类型：玩具奇幻、动物奇幻、魔法奇幻以及现代民间故事。\n1．Whatisthecommonfeatureofthefantasies?A．Theircharactersarehighlypopular.B．Theireventsoccurintheunrealworld.C．Theirwritingstylesshowdesiresforfreedom.D．Theirplotsencouragepeopletohaveadventures.B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“andotherthingswecan'tseeinreallife”可推断，这些奇幻文学作品中发生的事情在现实世界中不会发生，即它们发生在虚幻世界中，故选项B符合题意。【干扰项分析】文章第一段仅提到“theirplotsinvolvemagicalbeastsandheroes，animalcreaturestalkinglikehumans，andotherthings”，无法断定故事中的角色都受欢迎，故排除A项；第一段最后一句中的“fantasieshaveadistinguishedwritingstyle，withfreedomofexpression”表明奇幻文学的写作风格体现了表达自由，并非是对自由的渴望，故排除C项；根据第一段的“Thesetalesfuelourimaginations，andsatisfyourlongingsforadventures.”可知，这些故事可以满足我们对冒险的渴望，而非鼓励人们去冒险，故排除D项。]2．Whomadeagreatcontributiontotheanimalfantasy?A．CarloCollodi. B．BeatrixPotter.C．WilliamSteig.D．HansChristianAndersen.B [细节理解题。根据AnimalFantasy部分中的关键信息“TheTaleofPeterRabbitbyBeatrixPotterwhichinfluenceschildrenaroundtheworld.”可知，BeatrixPotter对动物奇幻作出了很大的贡献。]3．Whichtypeoffantasyhasthelongesthistory?A．Thetoyfantasy.B．Theanimalfantasy.C．Themagicalfantasy.D．Themodernfolktales.D [细节理解题。根据ModernFolktales部分中的“Thesetalescomebeforeallothersandarepopular，asauthorsthroughouthistoryhavewrittenthem.”可知，现代民间故事出现得最早。]B(2020·贵州省适应性测试)Theshadowplayisatypicaltraditionalentertainmentthathassurvivedandthrivedoverthecenturies.Itistakenasanearliestancestorofmoderncinema.Legendhasitthatmorethan2,000yearsago，EmperorWuofHanwasverydepressedaboutthedeathofhisfavoriteconcubine(妃子)．Tohelphimgetoverhissadness,aministermadeapuppetoutofcottonandsilkinthelikenessofthe\nconcubineandprojecteditsshadowonacurtainfortheemperortosee.Theshowbroughttheemperorsomecomfort.Hesomehowbelievedtheshadowwashislover'sspirit.Thisisthoughttobethebeginningoftheshadowplay.Onemouthtellsstoriesofthousandsofyears；apairofhandsoperatemillionsofsoldiers.Thisishowtheshadowpuppeteetworks.Nicknamed“thebusinessofthefive”，ashadowplaygroupismadeupoffivepeople.Oneoperatesthepuppets，oneplaysasuonaandayueqin，oneplaysthebanhu，oneisinchargeofpercussion(打击乐器)instruments，andonesings.Duringperformances，“actors”areheldclosetoawhitecurtainwiththeircoloredshadowscastonitbyastronglightfrombehind.Theoperatorplaysfivepuppetsatthesametime，eachofwhichhasthreethreads.Tenfingershandlefifteenthreads.Movedbyguidingsticks，thepuppetsplayroleswithmusicalaccompaniment.Thepopularityoftheshadowplayinsomewayliesintheequipmentbeinglightandeasytocarry，thesmallnumberofpeopleneededforaperformance，andtheflexiblerequirementsforperformanceplaces.Theplayscanbequitedramaticand，whenitcomestomythsorkungfustories，the“actors”maybemadetorideoncloudsorperformunusualfeats，tothegreatenjoymentoftheaudience，especiallychildren.Thedesignofthefiguresfollowstraditionalmoralevaluation.Theaudiencecantellafigure'scharacterbyseeinghismask.LikethemasksinBeijingopera，aredmaskrepresentsloyaltyandbravery，ablackmask，integrity(正直)andselflessness,andawhiteone,wickednessandbetrayal.Nowadays，theshadowplayhasbeenindustrializedanddevelopedaseriesoftouristproductsforthepromotionofChinesecultureandtourism.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了中国传统民间艺术——皮影戏，重点介绍了一个有关皮影戏起源的故事、皮影戏的表演特点以及其发展现状。4．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．AlovestoryofEmperorWuofHan.B．Howtopleaseanemperor.C．Theoriginoftheshadowplay.D．Howtomakeacottonpuppet.C [段落大意题。通读第二段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Thisisthoughttobethebeginningoftheshadowplay”可知，该段主要介绍了皮影戏的起源。故C项正确。]5．Accordingtotheauthor，theaudiencemaytakegreatpleasure________.\nA．whenrolesareplayedwithoutmusicB．becausetheequipmentislighttocarryC．whenthepuppetsgivelivelyperformancesD．becausethenumberoftheoperatorsissmallC [细节理解题。根据第四段尾句可知，当表演神话和武打故事时，“演员”会表演惊人的技艺，这会给人留下深刻的印象，使观众特别是孩子们获得极大的快乐，故C项正确。【干扰项分析】A项错在“withoutmusic”，根据第三段尾句可知，皮影戏表演包含打击乐器和演唱，故A项错误；B、D两项说的是皮影戏的道具很轻，便于携带以及参演人员少的特点，与题意无关。]6．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheRapidDevelopmentofBeijingOperaB．ShadowPuppetry：ATraditionalArtC．TheBusinessoftheFive：AShadowPlayGroupD．TraditionalCharactersandMasksinBeijingOperaB [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段第一句给出了本文要介绍的话题；又结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国传统民间艺术——皮影戏，重点介绍了一个有关皮影戏起源的故事以及皮影戏的表演特点等。故B项最适合作本文标题。]7．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureoftheshadowplay?A．Negative. B．Doubtful.C．Positive.D．Unconcerned.C [观点态度题。根据文章尾句“Nowadays，theshadowplayhasbeenindustrializedanddevelopedaseriesoftouristproductsforthepromotionofChinesecultureandtourism.”可知，如今，皮影戏已经工业化，并开发了一系列的旅游产品，以推广中国文化和旅游业。据此可以推知，作者对皮影戏的未来持积极乐观的态度，故C项正确。]C(2020·广州市综合测试)After400years，WilliamShakespeare(15641616)isstillwidelycelebratedasagreatcraftsmanoflanguageandplaywright(剧作家)．Buthewasnottheonlygreatmasterofdramaticwritingtodiein1616，andheiscertainlynottheonlywritertohaveleftalastingimpactontheatre.Whilelessfamousworldwide，TangXianzuisrightlyconsideredChina'sgreatestplaywrightandishighlyadmiredinthatcountryofancientliteraryanddramatictraditions.Tangwasbornin1550inLinchuan，JiangxiProvince，andworkedasagovernmentofficialuntil，in1598，heretiredtofocusonwriting.UnlikeShakespearehavingplentyofplaysandpoems，Tangwroteonlyfourmajorplays：ThePurpleHairpin，\nADreamUndertheSouthernBough，DreamofHandanandThePeonyPavilion—widelyconsideredtobehismasterpiece.Inthelatterthreeplays，muchofthestoryistoldthroughdreamsequences.Tangusedthesescenestoexplorehumanemotionsinwaysthatchallengedthefeudalsystemofhistime.ItisasimilardreamstructurethatwefindinShakespeare'sAMidsummerNight'sDream.TanglivedtowardstheendoftheMingdynasty(13681644)andhislastingsuccesswaspartlyduetothegrowthoftheatreasanartisticpracticeduringhislifetime.AsinShakespeare'sEngland，itbecamehugelypopularinChina，withpublictheatresopeningindifferentcitiesandtravelingperformancegroupsbecomingcommon.Theatricalaudiencesstartedtopopulateopenpublicspaces，andtheatreasapopularformofentertainmentfounditsplaceoutsidepalaces.However，unlikeinShakespeare'sEngland，therewashardlyanymixingoftherichwithcommonersattheatricalevents.Duringthistime，thewayinwhichdramaswereenjoyed，spreadandperformedalsochanged.Initially,Chinesedramashadanemphasisonpoeticlanguageandweredistributedinbookform，tobereadlikenovels.Theywereseldom，ifever，performed.However，fromthemid16thcentury，Kunquopera，aformofmusicaldrama，spreadfromsouthernChinaandbecameasymbolofChineseculture.WhileTangandShakespearelivedinaworldawayfromeachother，theyhaveincommonthehumanityoftheirdrama，theirheroicfigures，theirloveforlanguage，thelastingpopularity—andtheanniversaryduringwhichwestillcelebratethem.【语篇解读】 与莎士比亚同时代的中国伟大的剧作家汤显祖在中国备受赞誉。本文主要介绍了汤显祖的代表作和他的作品的特点以及他所处时代的中国戏剧的相关情况。8．WhydoesthewriterrefertoShakespearethroughoutthisarticleaboutTang?A．Tocomparethewritingstylesofthewriters.B．ToemphasizeTang'simportanceinliterature.C．Toassesstheachievementsofthesetwogreatwriters.D．ToexaminethedifferentinfluencesofTangandShakespeare.B [目的意图题。根据第一段，特别是该段尾句“Whilelessfamousworldwide，TangXianzuisrightlyconsideredChina'sgreatestplaywrightandishighlyadmiredinthatcountryofancientliteraryanddramatic\ntraditions.”可知，作者开篇通过莎士比亚引出汤显祖后，接着说明虽然汤显祖在世界上不太出名，但他被认为是中国最伟大的剧作家是理所当然的，而且他在中国这个有着古老的文学和戏剧传统的国家里备受赞誉。又结合下文第二、三、五段中关于莎士比亚和汤显祖的各个方面的异同点可以判断，作者在文章中提及莎士比亚是为了强调汤显祖在文学上的重要地位，故B项正确。]9．WhatdistinguishesThePurpleHairpinfromTang'sotherplays?A．Itdoesnotrelyheavilyondreamscenes.B．Itiswidelyconsideredtobehisbestwork.C．Itistheonlyplaytobepubliclyperformed.D．ItchallengesthefeudalsystemofancientChina.A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“UnlikeShakespearehavingplentyofplaysandpoems，Tangwroteonlyfourmajorplays：ThePurpleHairpin，ADreamUndertheSouthernBough，DreamofHandanandThePeonyPavilion”“Inthelatterthreeplays，muchofthestoryistoldthroughdreamsequences.”可知，与莎士比亚撰写大量的戏剧和诗不同，汤显祖只写了四部主要的戏剧——《紫钗记》《南柯记》《邯郸记》《牡丹亭》；在后三部戏剧中，大部分故事都是通过梦境片段来讲述的。据此可知，《紫钗记》与其他三部作品的不同点是这部作品没有过度依靠梦境，故A项正确。]10．WhatcharacteristicwassharedbybothEnglishandChinesetheatreduringTang'slifetime?A．Musicandpoetrywerepresentinmostperformances.B．Thepopularityofpublictheatricalperformancesgrewrapidly.C．Differentsocialclassesoftenattendedthesameperformances.D．Mostplayswerewrittentobereadasnovelsratherthantobeperformed.B [细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“AsinShakespeare'sEngland，itbecamehugelypopularinChina，withpublictheatresopeningindifferentcitiesandtravelingperformancegroupsbecomingcommon.”可知，在汤显祖所处的时代，在英国和中国，戏剧作为一种艺术习俗变得广受欢迎，公共的剧院在不同的城市营业，巡回演出团变得普遍，故B项正确。]11．Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Tang'splaysareasremarkableashispoems.B．Tang'splaysaremorefamousthanShakespeare's.C．TangisoneofthebestplaywrightsinChinesehistory.D．TangandShakespeareknewofeachother'sworks.C [推理判断题。根据第一段尾句中的“TangXianzuisrightlyconsideredChina'sgreatestplaywright”可知，汤显祖被认为是中国最伟大的剧作家是理所当然的，故C项正确。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五\n(2020·淄博市部分学校模拟)Oneofthegreatbenefitsofbeingabletorecordsoundistomakebooksavailableforlistening.Withtheappearanceofaudio(音频的)recordings，manypeoplewereabletohearliteraryclassicsreadaloud.Audiobooksare，ofcourse，booksreadaloudandrecordedtobelistenedtoonsomekindofplayer.Assoundtechnologyhaschanged，audiobookshavechanged，aswell.1Now，booksarealsoavailableonaudiotapeorCD.Talkingbooksarebookscreatedforpeoplewhohavesightproblems.Someofthesetalkingbooksoftenneedspecialplayerstobeused.Manyvisuallydamagedpeopleareabletoreceiveplayersforfree.2CDtechnologyhascausedgreatchangesinthetalkingbookindustry，sincemoredatacanbewrittenonasingledisc.3Sothevisuallydamagedpersonhasamultiusemachine.4Someareevenreadintheformofaplay，inwhichdifferentactorstakethepartsofthecharactersinthebook.Theymayalsohavesoundeffectsormusictohelpimprovethelisteningexperience.Somebookclubshavestartedofferingaudiobooksaspartoftheirservices.Librariesalsohaveaudiobooksavailableandtheymayalsobepurchasedonlineoratanybookstore.5Thosewhofeeltheydonothavetimetoenjoythepleasureofagoodbookmayfindaudiobookstobethenextbestthing.A．Theyarenolongeravailableonlyonvolumes.B．ManytalkingbookplayerswillalsoplaymusicCDs.C．Audiobooksarepopularwithtravelersandbusyindividuals.D．Manyaudiobooksalsofeaturefamousactorsreadingthebooks.E．Peoplecanlistentoapersonalmusicplayerwhenevertheywant.F．Itisanaffordableoptionifyoutypicallylistentomorethanonebookamonth.G．Theseplayersenablethemtoplaytheirtalkingbooksindependently，withoutthehelpofasightedperson.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有声书籍，以及它的发展变化。1．A [根据上一句“Assoundtechnologyhaschanged，audiobookshavechanged，aswell.”和下一句“Now，booksarealsoavailableonaudiotapeorCD”可知，选A。]2．G [根据前文“Manyvisuallydamagedpeopleareabletoreceiveplayersforfree.”可知，此处应该承接上文，进一步解释说明这些播放器使他们能够独立播放有声书籍，而不需要视力正常的人的帮助。故选G。]\n3．B [根据上文“CDtechnologyhascausedgreatchangesinthetalkingbookindustry，sincemoredatacanbewrittenonasingledisc.”可知，许多有声书籍播放器也会播放音乐光盘，此处顺应下文“Sothevisuallydamagedpersonhasamultiusemachine.”，故选B。]4．D [此处是本段的主题句。根据后文“Someareevenreadintheformofaplay，inwhichdifferentactorstakethepartsofthecharactersinthebook.”可知，许多有声书籍也以著名演员来阅读为特色。故选D。]5．C [根据后文“Thosewhofeeltheydonothavetimetoenjoythepleasureofagoodbookmayfindaudiobookstobethenextbestthing.”可知，有声书深受旅行者和忙碌的人的欢迎，故选C。]
