专题十二 情景交际常考点近几年高考对日常交际用语的考查比重增大,题型也日趋灵活和多样化。要注意中西方思维和表达上的差异命题,同时要了解英语中常见俗语、谚语,并能在具体语境中恰到好处地运用。 习惯应答类许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语;感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。对于这类题目,我们要遵循他们的习惯进行回答。如:①常用于感谢的应答用语有:Youarewelcome. Don'tmentionit.It'smypleasure.=Mypleasure.Notatall.That'sallright./It'sallright. That'sOK./It'sOK. That'snothing./It'snothing.Forgetit. Noproblem.②常用于道歉的应答用语有:Nevermind. Itdoesn'tmatter.That'sallright./It'sallright. That'sOK./It'sOK. That'snothing./It'snothing.Forgetit. Noproblem.③常见的祝愿和祝贺用语有:Goodluck! Bestwishestoyou!Wishyouapleasantjourney! Haveanicetime.Congratulations! MerryChristmas!而应答用语有:Thankyou./Thesametoyou./Youtoo.④接受请求和邀请的应答用语有:Withpleasure. I'dbehappy/gladto.Goodidea. Soundsgood. Whynot?⑤拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有:Sorry,but... I'dratheryoudidn't.Thankyou,but... Noway! Forgetit.⑥其他场景习惯应答用语考生也应注意。问候的应答用语有:Howdoyoudo?/Fine,thankyou.介绍的应答用语有:Veryglad/pleasedtoseeyou.接电话的习惯用语有:ThisisLiMingspeaking.告别的习惯用语有:Bye./Solong./Seeyoulater.服务人员的应答用语有:Yes,sir./Yes,madam./Takeyourtime.\n ①—ProfessorJohnson,I'mafraidIcan'tfinishthereportwithinthisweek.—________.Howaboutnextweek?A.GoodforyouB.Itwon'tbothermeC.NotatallD.That'sOK②—Here'syourchange.—________.A.ThankyouB.Don'tmentionitC.NoproblemD.Withpleasure【答案】①D ②A 打破交际定势类汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处,但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。我们要力求用英语思维,避免母语交际定势的干扰,要根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答。如:当中国人听到对方夸奖或赞美自己时,习惯上要说些表示谦虚的话;而英美人则不同,他们总是先接受对方的夸奖,再表示谢意。如:—You'veservedusawonderfulChinesedinner,Mrs.Wang.—I'mgladyouenjoyedit.①—Thankyouverymuchforthegiftyousentme.—________.A.NothanksB.I'mgladyoulikeitC.Pleasedon'tsaysoD.No,it'snotsogood②—What'sthenoise?Itsoundsasifitcomesfromupstairs.—________.Itmustbethewindow-cleanerworkingnextdoor.A.I'mnotsureB.IhopenotC.I'drathernotD.Idon'tthinkso【答案】①B ②D 语言结构类\n这类题要求考生根据对话情景和所掌握的正确语言结构来作出选择。以习惯用法和变异句(如省略句)居多。如当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时,可以说:Yes,Ithink/suppose/believeso./Yes,I'mafraidso.对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度,则说:No,Idon'tthink/supposeso./No,Idon'tbelieveso./No,Ibelieve/supposenot./No,Ihopenot./No,Iamafraidnot.此外,Doyoumind...?常用于表示请求对方允许。如果同意,则用No,goahead./No,ofcoursenot./No,notatall.来回答;如果不同意,可用I'msorryIdo./Yes,Ido./I'dratheryoudidn't.来回答。注意区别下列短语和语法结构:Whatif...? 如果……又怎么样?Sowhat? 那又如何?Likewhat? 比方说?Thenwhat? 那么会怎么办呢?Guesswhat? 你猜怎么着?Whynot? 好啊!Howcome? 为什么?Whatfor? 为何目的?Takeiteasy. (心理上)别着急,轻松一点。Takeone'stime. (时间上)慢慢来。Byallmeans. 当然可以。Bynomeans. 决不。Notexactly. 并不完全如此。/不完全是。Notreally. 不。/的确不。/不会吧。Howwouldyoulikeyourcoffee? 你想怎么喝咖啡?Howdoyoulikeyourcoffee? 你觉得你的咖啡味道如何?Helpyourself. 随便拿,随便吃。Please/Suityourself. 随你的便。Youcansaythatagain. 我完全同意。Youdon'tsay. 不至于吧!Don'tbother. 别费事了。Whybother? 为什么那么麻烦呢?(I)can'tcomplain. 还行。Somuchthebetter. 那就更好了。That'sthecase. 是这样。①—Haveyouplayedbaseballbefore?Weneedonemoreplayer.—________.Ilikeballgames,soIbelieveitwillbefuntolearnbaseball.A.SometimesB.NotreallyC.NevermindD.That'scool②—Herfatherisveryrich.—________Shewouldn'taccepthishelpevenifitwereoffered.\nA.Whatfor?B.Sowhat?C.Nodoubt.D.Nowonder.【答案】①B ②B