（全国卷）2021届高考英语模拟题强化训练1（含解析）Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2020·淄博市高三模拟]PearlFryarknewhewantedtodosomethinguniquewiththefarmlandheboughtinSouthCarolina.Hewantedtowinthelocalgardenclub's“YardoftheMonth”award.Fryardidn'thavethemoneytopurchasenewtrees,sohebeganbyusingbushesandshrubsthatalocalnurseryhadthrownaway－plantsthatlookeddeadtomostpeople.Becauseheworkedatacanfactoryduringtheday,Fryaroftentendedhisgardenatnight.Neighborsgotusedtoseeinghimstandontheladder,cuttinghissteadilygrowingbushes.Theshrubsbegantotakeondifferentshapes.Astheyearswentby,thecreationsbecamemoredelicate.Fryarbeganplantingtreesandusingzipties,coathangers,PVCpipe,andevenhiswife'soldstockingstoachievetheformshewanted.“Hehasawayofhandlingplantstodothingshewantsthemtobytraining,bending,wiring,andclipping，”saidaneighbor.ManyprofessionalgardenersareamazedbywhatFryarhasbeenabletoaccomplish.Someplantswhichwouldn'tsurviveintheSouththrivedunderhiscare.Fryar'sattentiontodetailandhiswillingnesstoworkhardhavemadehimalocalhero.HewasthefirstAfricanAmericantowin“YardoftheMonth”fromthelocalgardenclub.Fryar'sgardennowincludesabout400speciesofplantsand150differentplantsculptures.Aboxfordonationscanbefoundontheproperty,butgivingisoptional.Fryarwelcomespeoplewhocan'taffordtopay.Heunderstands.He'sbeenthere.“Youcanbesomebody，”hetellsstudentswhovisitthegarden.“Showmeanyonewhoworksatanythingwithapassionandhaspatience,andthey'regoingtobesuccessful.Bestrongenoughnottoletthebarriersinlifestopyou.”1．HowdidFryarmakehisgardenunique?A．Hemadetheplantsintodifferentshapes.B．Heboughtnewtreesfromalocalnursery.C．Heusedhisprofessionalknowledge.D．Heaskedhisneighborstocuthisbushes.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrived”inParagraph4mean?A．Diedaway.B．Becameweak.C．Fadedslowly.D．Grewstrong.3．WhatmadeFryarwintheaward?A．Passionandinnovation.B．Patienceandgenerosity.C．Ambitionandsympathy.D．Willingnessandhonesty.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．MakingaManintoaHeroB．TheHardLifeofPearlFryarC．TransformingaGardenintoArtD．TheFirstManof“YardoftheMonth”B[2020·武汉市高中毕业生6月供题]Knowingthatyouarepaidlessthanyourpeers(同龄人)hastwoeffectsonhappiness.Thewellknownoneisnegative:athinnerpaypacketharmsselfrespect.Thelessknownoneiscalledthe“tunnel”(隧道)effect:-6-\nhighincomesforpeersareseenasimprovingyourownchancesofsimilarriches.AstudybyprofessorMr.FitzroyseparatesthetwoeffectsusingdatafromhouseholdsurveysinGermany.Previousworkshowedthattheincomeofotherscanhaveasmall,orevenpositiveeffectonpeople'ssatisfaction.ButMr.Fitzroy'steamtheorizedthatolderworkers,wholargelyknowtheirlifetimeincomesalready,willenjoyamuchsmallertunneleffect.Thedataconfirmthisview.Thenegativeeffectonreportedlevelsofhappinessofbeingpaidlessthanyourpeersisnotobviousforpeopleagedunder45.Seeingpeers'incomesrisingactuallymakesyoungpeoplehappier(evenmorethanariseintheirownincomes).Itisonlythosepeopleover45,whencareershave“reachedastableposition”，whosehappinessisharmedbythesuccessofothers.Thosewithjobsarenohappieraftertheyretire,however,perhapsbecausetheirlivesalreadylineupwithsocialexpectations.Indeed,retiringearlyfromworkcanhavesideeffects.Menretiringayearearlylowertheirpossibilityofsurvivingtoage67by13%.Almostathirdofthishigherdeathrate,whichseemedtobeconcentratedamongthosewhowereforcedintoretirementbyjobloss,wascausedbydrugandalcoholaddiction.Soaperson'svaluedoesnotonlydependonhowmuchtheybuymaterialgoodsandrecreationsbutisalsoinfluencedbyhowwellapersonobeysthegenerallyacceptedstandardsofsocialbehaviourofthecategoryhebelongsto.Applyingidentitytheorytotherelationshipbetweenunemploymentandlifesatisfactionimpliesthatunemployedpeoplearedissatisfiedwiththeirlifenotonlybecausetheyhavelowerincomes,butalsobecausetheydon'tfollowthestandardsoftheirsocialcategoryunderwhichtheyareexpectedtowork.5．Howwillpeopleusuallyreacttoalowerincomethanpeers?A．Theirpridewillbeinjured.B．Theirstatuswillbeacquired.C．Theirreputationwillbeharmed.D．Theirhappinesswillbeachieved.6．Whowillenjoythebiggesttunneleffect?A．Workingpeople.B．Retiredpeople.C．Peopleagedover45.D．Peopleagedunder45.7．Earlyretirementwillprobablyaffectpeople's________.A．incomeB．healthC．privilegesD．expectations8．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Peers,PayandPrideB．Age,AdmirationandAttitudesC．Envy,EmploymentandExpectationD．Income,InspirationandIndependenceⅡ.完形填空[2020·成都市毕业班第二次诊断检测]Weliveinatownwithlotsofshoppingmalls.Soit'squite__1__tofeelconnectedtotheland.Iwanted__2__formychildren:soil,MotherEarthandecology.I'maclassicurbanmom.ButIgrewup__3__summersatmygrandparents'farm.Iusedtopickwildblackberries,__4__fishes,andrunbetweentherowsoftallcornplants.Iknewwhatwildgarliclookedlike.I__5__pickedflowersfromthehoneysuckleandsuckedthenectar(花蜜)out.I've__6__mykidstodothesame.“It'ssosweet,Mom，”theytoldme.__7__，insteadofteachingmykidsaboutthelandscape,Idecidedtoteachthemhowtolovethe__8__theylivein.Iwasdeterminedto__9__-6-\nPBL—place—basedlearning.Sowewenttothe__10__parkinglotnearthedeadmalland__11__dandelion(蒲公英)greens,whichcanbeusedasdeliciousspringsalad.Wedugwithsticksinthewheelruts(车辙)alongtheroad__12__goinghome.Mytenyearoldboyfoundaspecialrockwhich__13__himtostartarockcollection.Inthefall,I__14__mykidstostandsofchestnuttreesand__15__themhowtogettheeatablenutsfromthebranches.I__16__Ihadtaughtthemsomebiglessonsabouttheearth,the__17__ofwhichtheyshouldhaveappreciationfor.Ithasbeenrevolutionarytobeoutside.Wehave__18__simplywalking,observing,feelingthedirtunderourfeet,and__19__bringinghomesomethingwe__20__withourownhands.1．A.challengingB．wonderfulC．relaxingD．disappointing2．A.admirationB．gratitudeC．connectionD．amusement3．A.learningB．spendingC．expectingD．witnessing4．A.eatB．keepC．cookD．catch5．A.voluntarilyB．instantlyC．delicatelyD．carelessly6．A.forbiddenB．taughtC．orderedD．required7．A.HoweverB．InadditionC．AsaresultD．Similarly8．A.houseB．lifeC．landD．age9．A.investigateB．discoverC．testD．practice10．A.abandonedB．scaryC．newD．collapsed11．A.touchedB．smeltC．viewedD．sought12．A.afterB．whileC．uponD．since13．A.inspiredB．urgedC．forcedD．needed14．A.pulledB．rushedC．tookD．raised15．A.informedB．watchedC．askedD．showed16．A.agreedB．doubtedC．feltD．decided17．A.sceneryB．beautyC．futureD．custom18．A.imaginedB．consideredC．enjoyedD．insisted19．A.calmlyB．safelyC．suddenlyD．happily20．A.harvestedB．planted-6-\nC．madeD．shared2021年高考英语模拟题重组强化训练(一)Ⅰ.A[文章大意] 文章属于记叙文。PearlFryar对园艺很感兴趣，他利用被扔掉的灌木打造独特的园林，成为第一个从当地园艺俱乐部赢得“本月之园”奖的非裔美国人。1．答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。根据第三段的“Neighborsgotusedtoseeinghimstandontheladder,cuttinghissteadilygrowingbushes.Theshrubsbegantotakeondifferentshapes”“Fryarbeganplantingtreesandusingzipties,coathangers,PVCpipe,andevenhiswife'soldstockingstoachievetheformshewanted”可知，Fryar用很多方式使他的植物长成不同的形状，变得独一无二。2．答案与解析：D'考查词义猜测。画线词前面的句子提到许多专业园艺师对Fryar的成就感到惊讶，由此判断，他有非凡的园艺技术，能够化腐朽为神奇，故画线词所在句子应表示一些在南方无法生存的植物在他的照料下也茁壮成长，D项表意符合语境。thrive“兴旺，欣欣向荣，茁壮成长”。3．答案与解析：A'考查推理判断。根据文中的“PearlFryarknewhewantedtodosomethingunique”“Fryaroftentendedhisgardenatnight”“Fryarbeganplantingtreesandusingzipties,coathangers,PVCpipe,andevenhiswife'soldstockingstoachievetheformshewanted”“Showmeanyonewhoworksatanythingwithapassion”等信息可知，Fryar对园艺充满热情，并且有自己的想法，敢于尝试，勇于创新，由此可知，他的热情和创新是他获奖的关键。4．答案与解析：C'考查标题判断。文章主要讲述了PearlFryar通过自己的努力、热情和创新把奄奄一息的植物变为艺术品，把自己的园圃打造得独一无二，令人赞叹。C项“TransformingaGardenintoArt”体现了文章的主旨。B语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——研究发现——知道自己的工资比同龄人低的影响[文章大意] 研究表明，对于45岁以下的人来说，收入低于同龄人对幸福感的负面影响并不明显；但是对那些45岁以上的人，当他们的事业已经“达到一个稳定的位置”时，他们的幸福感会被别人的成功伤害。而且，没有遵循自己的社会类别标准的人也对生活不满意。5．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“Thewellknownoneisnegative:athinnerpaypacketharmsselfrespect”可知，知道自己的工资比同龄人低的时候，众所周知的一个消极的影响就是伤害自尊。故选A。6．答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第一段尾句可知，隧道效应指同龄人的高收入被视为提高了你自己获得类似财富的机会，再结合第三段中的“Thenegativeeffect...makes-6-\nyoungpeoplehappier”可知，收入低于同龄人对幸福感的负面影响对45岁以下的人并不明显，看到同龄人的收入增长实际上会让年轻人更快乐，由此可知，45岁以下的人能得到最大的隧道效应。故选D。7．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。根据第四段第三句“Menretiringayearearlylowertheirpossibilityofsurvivingtoage67by13%”可知，提前一年退休的男性活到67岁的可能性降低了13%。由此可推知，早退休可能会影响人的健康。故选B。8．答案与解析：A'考查标题判断。本文主要介绍了一项针对见到同龄人的工资比自己高，人们的心理状态的研究。研究表明，对于45岁以下的人来说，收入低于同龄人对幸福感的负面影响并不明显，而45岁以上的人的幸福感会被别人的成功伤害。而且，没有遵循自己的社会类别标准的人也对生活不满意。由此可知，A项最适合作文章标题，故选A。Ⅱ.语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——家庭生活——引导孩子接近并探索自然[文章大意] 作者曾经在祖父母的农场里生活过，并因此对田园生活情有独钟。后来，作者带领自己的孩子接近并探索自然，进而让孩子们对大地的美充满感激。1．答案与解析：A 根据本段第一句“Weliveinatownwithlotsofshoppingmalls”及空后的“feelconnectedtotheland”可知，作者住的城镇里有很多购物广场，所以要想接近土地(自然)是非常困难的，即是有挑战性的。故选A。B项意为“精彩的”；C项意为“令人放松的”；D项意为“令人失望的”。2．答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“feelconnectedtotheland”与下文中的“soil,MotherEarthandecology”，并结合作者对自己过去生活的回忆可知，作者想要让自己的孩子亲近自然。故选C。A项意为“羡慕”；B项意为“感谢”；D项意为“娱乐”。3．答案与解析：B'根据下文中的“Iusedtopickwildblackberries...tallcornplants”可知，作者描述了一系列的乡村生活的情景，由此可知，作者是在祖父母的农场里度过夏天的。故选B。4．答案与解析：D'根据本句中的“pickwildblackberries”以及“runbetweentherowsoftallcornplants”可知，作者在这里描述的是自己在农场的生活，“抓鱼”在这里符合语境。故选D。5．答案与解析：C'根据上文作者在农场里采野黑莓、抓鱼、在一排排高大的玉米作物之间奔跑可以推测出，作者小心翼翼地采金银花，并将花蜜吮吸出来。故选C。A项意为“自动地”；B项意为“立刻”；C项意为“小心翼翼地”；D项意为“粗心地”。6．答案与解析：B'根据第7空后的“insteadofteaching”以及该空后孩子们对作者的回应“It'ssosweet,Mom”可知，作者教自己的孩子像自己当年那样吮吸花蜜，故选B。A项意为“禁止”；B项意为“教”；C项意为“命令”；D项意为“要求”。7．答案与解析：A'根据第一段作者对自己过去生活的回忆，以及该空后的“Idecidedtoteachthemhowtolovethe'8'theylivein”可知，虽然作者对田园生活非常喜欢，但是作者现在生活在城镇里，所以她决定教孩子们如何热爱自己生活的土地，而不是教他们关于田园生活的情景。故选A。8．答案与解析：C'参见上题解析。9．答案与解析：D'根据下文作者带着孩子去寻找蒲公英鲜叶、用棍子挖车辙等可知，作者决定实践(practice)基于实地的学习。故选D。10．答案与解析：A 根据该句中的“nearthedeadmall”可知，该处的停车场已经废弃了。故选A。A项意为“废弃的”；B项意为“可怕的”。11．答案与解析：D'根据下文中的“whichcanbeusedasdeliciousspringsalad”可知，作者带领孩子们去寻找用作春天美味色拉的蒲公英鲜叶。故选D。12．答案与解析：B'根据第9小题的解析可知，作者实践基于实地的学习，又结合语境可推测出，作者和孩子们在回家的途中，用棍子挖车辙。故选B。13．答案与解析：A'根据本句中的“foundaspecialrock”以及“startarockcollection”的关系可知，作者10岁的儿子发现了一个特别的石子，这鼓舞孩子开始收藏石子。故选A。14．答案与解析：C'根据本句中的“standsofchestnuttrees”以及“howtogettheeatablenutsfromthebranches”可知，在秋天，作者将孩子们带到栗树丛，向他们展示怎样从树枝上获得可食用的坚果。故选C。-6-\n15．答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。16．答案与解析：C'本句是作者对第二段中自己的教育方法的总结；根据本段作者教育孩子的经过可知，作者感到(felt)自己教给了孩子们一些有关大地的重要的课程，并且孩子们也应该对大地的美心存感激。故选C。17．答案与解析：B'参见上题解析。18．答案与解析：C'根据上文中的“Ithasbeenrevolutionarytobeoutside”可知，作者认为在野外，学习是革命性的；由此可知，作者和孩子们喜欢在野外散步、观察并感知脚下的泥土。故选C。19．答案与解析：D'根据上题的解析及第二段作者讲述的带领孩子在野外学习的收获可知，作者和孩子们开心地将他们自己亲手收获的东西带回家。故选D。20．答案与解析：A'参见上题解析。-6-
