（全国卷）2021届高考英语模拟题强化训练8（含解析）Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2020·福建高三毕业班质量检测测试]GeorgeNakashimaalwaysinsistedthathewasasimplewoodworker,notanartist.EventhoughmajormuseumsexhibitedhisworksandthedirectoroftheAmericanCraftMuseumcalledhimanationaltreasure,Mr.Nakashimarejectedthelabelofartist.Foralmostfiftyyearshesimplywentonshapingwoodintobeautifulchairs,tables,andcabinets.Nakashimahadacleargoal.Heintendedtomakeeachpieceoffurnitureasperfectaspossible.Evenmakingaboxwasanactofcreation,becauseitproducedanobjectthathadneverexistedbefore.InitiallyNakashimausedlocalwood,sometimesfromhisownproperty.Later,hetraveledtoseekoutEnglishoak,Persianwalnut,AfricanzebrawoodandIndianteak.Heespeciallylikedtofindgiantrootsthathadbeendugoutofthegroundafteratreewascutdown.Nakashimafeltthatmakingthiswoodintofurniturewasawayofallowingthetreetoliveagain.Mostfurnituremakerspreferperfectboards,butNakashimatookpleasureinusingwoodwithinterestingknots(结疤)andcracks.Theseirregularitiesgavethewoodpersonalityandshowedthatthetreehadlivedacolourfullife.Heneverfailedtocreateanobjectthatwasbothusefulandbeautiful.OneearlypieceNakashimadesignedwasathreeleggedchairforhissmalldaughter,Mira,tousewhenshesatatthetableformeals.TheMirachairbecamesopopularthatNakashimalatermadebothlowandhighversions.Anotherfamouspiece,theconoidchair,hastwolegssupportedbybladelikefeet.Always,Nakashima'sdesignswerepreciseandgraceful,markedbythesimplicitythatrevealedhisloveforthewood.Astheyearspassed,Nakashima'sreputationgrewandhereceivedmanyawards.HischildrenMiraandKevin,nowadults,joinedtheteamofcraftspeopleintheirfather'sstudio.Nakashima'sdreamofintegratingworkandfamilyhadcometrue.1．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNakashima?A．Generousandoutgoing.B．Honestandsimple.C．Capableandfriendly.D．Creativeandmodest.2．WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutNakashima?A．Hisartworksmadetreesliveagain.B．Healwaysusedpreciouswoodmaterials.C．Hischairswerebeautifullydesignedbutuseless.D．Hedevotedhimselftoshapingwood.3．WhatcanwelearnaboutNakashimafromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Helovedhisworkandfamily.B．Hemadechairsofthesamestyle.C．Hesoughtforasimplelifeandart.D．Hewaslostinresearchingthewood.4．WhatcanbeinferredaboutMiraandKevin?A．Theyhadanartstudiooftheirown.B．Theystilllackedtheabilitytocreateartworks.C．Theyhadacommoninterestwiththeirfather.D．Theyenjoyedthesamereputationwiththeirfather.B[2020·合肥市高三第二次诊断检测]Scientistshavecreatedtheworld'sfirst-5-\nliving,selfhealing(自愈的)robotsusingstemcellsfromfrogs.NamedaftertheAfricanclawedfrogsfromwhichtheytaketheirstemcells,xenobotsarelessthanamillimeterwide—smallenoughtotravelinsidehumanbodies.Theycanwalkandswim,surviveforweekswithoutfood,andworktogetheringroups.Theseare“entirelynewlifeforms”,saidprojectcoleaderMichaelLevin,directoroftheAllenDiscoveryCenter.Theresearchersremovedlivingstemcells,whichhavetheabilitytodevelopintodifferentcelltypes,fromfrogembryos(胚胎),andleftthemtoincubate(孵化).Then,thecellswerecutandreshapedintospecific“bodyforms”designedbyasupercomputer.“They'reneitheratraditionalrobotnoraknownspeciesofanimal，”saidroboticsexpertJoshuaBongard.Thecellsthenbegantoworkontheirownandevenhavetheregenerativepower;whenthescientistscutthelivingrobotalmostinhalf,itscellsautomaticallyzippeditsbodybackup.Xenobotsdon'tlookliketraditionalrobots—theyhavenoshinyclothingorroboticarms.Instead,theylookmorelikeatinydropofmovingpinkflesh.Theresearcherssaythisisdeliberate—thisbiologicalmachinecanachievethingstypicalrobotsofsteelandplasticcannotdo.“Traditionalrobotsdegradeovertimeandcanproduceecologicalandhealthsideeffects，”researcherssaidinthestudy.Asbiologicalmachines,xenobotsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsaferforhumanhealth,thestudysaid.Researchisbeingdoneintousingtherobotstocleanupradioactivewasteorevenmicroplasticsfromtheocean.Scientistsarealsotryingtoincludeagreatervarietyofcells—anewnervoussystemforexample.However,somepeoplearguethattheadditionofnervecellswouldcausemoralproblems.Thegeneralpublichavealsoexpressedconcernthathumanswouldbetakencontrolofbyrobots.However,MichaelLevinthinksthere'snoneedtoworry.“Xenobotshavenoabilitytoreproduceorevolve.Thesupercomputerwhichisusedtoproducethemdoesuseartificialintelligence.Butfornow,allisfine，”saidLevin.5．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．TheadvantageofAItechnology.B．Theintroductionofalatestrobot.C．ThemedicalvalueofAfricanclawedfrogs.D．Theapplicationofrobotsinmedicine.6．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“regenerative”underlinedinParagraph2?A．Healingbyitself. B．Replacingoldcells.C．Livingmuchlonger.D．Defendingagainstattacks.7．Whatdoweknowaboutxenobots?A．Theycanbreakupsteelandplasticwhiledegrading.B．Theycandoeverythingthattraditionalrobotscando.C．Theydolessharmtotheenvironmentandhumanhealth.D．Theyoftenchangetheircolordeliberatelywhilemoving.8．WhatisMichaelLevin'sattitudetowardthedevelopmentofxenobots?A．Ambiguous.B．Positive.C．Skeptical.D．Cautious.Ⅱ.七选五[2020·石家庄市高三年级阶段性训练题]Whilemarathonstudysessionsmaybeunavoidablesometimes,doyourbesttomanageyourtimeeffectively.Reduceyourworkloadbystudyingmoreefficiently.Before,youstartstudyingalwaysreadyourtasksheettomakesureyou'refocusingontherighttopics.__1__-5-\nThissavesyoulookingitup.Finally,pickoutthemostimportantinformation,soyoucanstudyitfirst.__2__Makesureyouhaveeverythingyouneed,soyouwon'tneedtogetupeveryfewminutestogetsomething.Neatlyplaceyourtextbooks,pens,notebooksandotherstudymaterialsinyourstudyspace.Thiswayyoucaneasilygetwhatyouneedwithouttakinganunplannedbreak.Planoutyourstudysessionsinadvance.Thinkaboutthetimeyou'llneedforeachtask,add10%extratimeforinsurance,andthenscheduleblocksforyourtasks.__3__Remembertoincludeshortbreakseveryhourorso.Breakupdifficulttasksintosmallersteps.Taskssuchas“StudyfortheHistoryFinal”or“WritetheTermPaper”canseemunapproachable.Insteadofgettingconfusedandupset,dividebigtasksintosmallones.Ifyou'restudyingforafinalofacourse,startbylookingoverpasttestsandquizzes.__4__Smallerstudytasksmayalsoincludecreatingoutlinesthatsummarizetextbookchapters.Doyourbesttospaceoutyourstudysessionsinsteadofcramming(突击准备).Wheneverpossible,giveyourselftimetostudyalittlebitatatime.It'sbettertostudyforthreeseparatethreehoursessionsinsteadofonemarathonninehoursession.__5__A．Chooseaquietspotforstudying.B．Prepareyourareabeforeyoustartstudying.C．Scheduleyourtoughestandmostimportanttasksfirst.D．Studydifficultsubjectsfirsttogetthemoutoftheway.E．Thendividethecourseintoitsunits,andstudyoneunitatatime.F．Additionally,askyourinstructortoexplainanytopicthatconfusesyou.G.Multipleshortersessionswillhelpyouremembermoreinformationinthelongrun.Ⅲ.短文改错[2020·沈阳市教学质量监测三]Theforestofmyhometownisbeautifulnomatterhowtheseasonis.IwasdrivingslowlyinthismorningwhenIsawadeerliveinthewoodsappearinthemiddleoftheroad.Icametothefullstop,andwestaredateachother.Heseemedcleverly.HehadbeeninthisworldforsomemonthandIdidn'twantendhislife.Finally,Imotionedwithmyhandforhimtogoon.Havingseenanythingtofear,hejumpedacrosstheroad.IdriveonsmilingatthemagicofthismomentbutwasthankfulthatIhadbeengoingslowlynottohitthisbeautifulcreature.2021年高考英语模拟题重组强化训练(八)Ⅰ.A-5-\n语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——人物故事——“国宝”级艺术家GeorgeNakashima[文章大意] GeorgeNakashima善于使用各种木材制作每一件尽可能完美的家具，尤其乐于用带结疤和裂纹的木材，他制作的每一件家具都既实用又美观，在他的影响下，他的孩子也开始从事这项工作。1．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第一段第一、二句“GeorgeNakashimaalwaysinsistedthathewasasimplewoodworker,notanartist...Mr.Nakashimarejectedthelabelofartist”可知，GeorgeNakashima一直坚称自己只是个普通的木工，而不是艺术家。尽管各大博物馆都展出了他的作品，美国工艺博物馆负责人也称他为“国宝”，但他还是拒绝了“艺术家”的标签。据此可推知，GeorgeNakashima是一个谦逊的人；又结合第四段讲述的他为小女儿制作的三条腿的椅子以及另一件著名的圆锥形椅子可推知，他是一个有创造力的人，故D项正确。2．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第一段尾句“Foralmostfiftyyearshesimplywentonshapingwoodintobeautifulchairs,tables,andcabinets”以及下文内容可推知，Nakashima致力于加工木料，故D项正确。3．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第四段尾句“Always,Nakashima'sdesignswerepreciseandgraceful,markedbythesimplicitythatrevealedhisloveforthewood”可知，Nakashima的设计精确而雅致，被赋予简单的特征，表现出他对木材的热爱，据此可以推断，他热爱他的工作；根据尾段尾句“Nakashima'sdreamofintegratingworkandfamilyhadcometrue”可知，Nakashima实现了将工作和家庭融为一体的梦想，据此可以推断，Nakashima热爱他的家庭。故A项正确。4．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据题干中的关键词MiraandKevin定位至尾段，根据尾段第二句“HischildrenMiraandKevin,nowadults,joinedtheteamofcraftspeopleintheirfather'sstudio”可知，他的两个孩子Mira和Kevin现在已经长大成人，加入了父亲工作室的手工艺团队。据此可推知，Mira和Kevin和他们的父亲有着同样的爱好，故C项正确。B语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术——世界上第一个活的、能自愈的机器人[文章大意] 科学家们利用非洲爪蟾的干细胞创造了世界上第一个活的、能自愈的机器人，该机器人更加环保，对人类健康更安全，能做一般机器人不能做的事。5．答案与解析：B'考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章第一句为全文的主题句，下文围绕该主题句展开，介绍了科学家利用非洲爪蟾的干细胞创造的世界上第一个活的、能自愈的机器人的相关情况，故B项正确。6．答案与解析：A'考查词义猜测。根据第二段尾句中的“whenthescientistscutthelivingrobotalmostinhalf,itscellsautomaticallyzippeditsbodybackup”可知，当科学家们把这个活的机器人几乎切成两半时，它的细胞会将身体自动复原。据此可推知，画线词的词义与A项接近。7．答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据第三段尾句中的“xenobotsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsaferforhumanhealth”可知，这种机器人更环保，且对人类健康来说更安全。故C项正确。8．答案与解析：B'考查观点态度。根据尾段Levin所说的话“Xenobotshavenoabilitytoreproduceorevolve.Thesupercomputerwhichisusedtoproducethemdoesuseartificialintelligence.Butfarnow,allisfine”可知，Levin认为这种机器人没有繁殖和进化的能力，用来制造它们的超级计算机确实使用了人工智能，但就目前而言，一切都还好。据此可推知，Levin对这种机器人的发展持积极乐观的态度，故B项正确。Ⅱ.语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——学习生活——学习时间管理策略[文章大意] 虽然有时候持久的学习是不可避免的，但是我们还是要尽力对学习时间进行有效的管理。本文就此提供了五条实用的建议。1．答案与解析：F F项中的“anytopic”与空前一句中的“therighttopics”-5-\n呼应，且选项中的“Additionally”和下文中的“Finally”呼应，所以选F项，与下一句“Thissavesyoulookingitup”相衔接。2．答案与解析：B 本空是该段的中心句。根据空后一句的“Makesureyouhaveeverythingyouneed”和对本段的整体理解可推知，本段主要讲的是要在开始学习之前做好充分的准备，所以选B项。3．答案与解析：C 根据本段的段首句“Planoutyourstudysessionsinadvance”可知，本段提供的建议是要提前计划好学习的时间，与选项C的内容相吻合，所以选C项。4．答案与解析：E 根据本段的段首句“Breakupdifficulttasksintosmallersteps”可知，本段提供的建议是把难的任务进行分解，与选项E内容吻合，所以选E项。5．答案与解析：G 本空是段尾句。根据本段的段首句中的“spaceoutyourstudysessionsinsteadofcramming(突击准备)”可知，本段提供的建议是把学习时间隔开而不是突击准备，再结合整段内容可知，空处进一步阐述了这样做的好处，G项与此相匹配。Ⅲ.答案与解析：Theforestofmyhometownisbeautifulnomattertheseasonis.IwasdrivingslowlythismorningwhenIsawadeerinthewoodsappearinthemiddleoftheroad.Icametofullstop,andwestaredateachother.Heseemed.HehadbeeninthisworldforsomeandIdidn'twantendhislife.Finally,Imotionedwithmyhandforhimtogoon.Havingseentofear,hejumpedacrosstheroad.IonsmilingatthemagicofthismomentwasthankfulthatIhadbeengoingslowlynottohitthisbeautifulcreature.①how改为what'从属连词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处应用nomatterwhat引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么季节”。nomatterhow意为“无论怎样”，不符合语境。②删除in'介词多用。表时间的名词前带有this且其前没有冠词时，其前要省略介词，所以将in删除。③live改为living'动词形式误用。分析句子结构可知，本句从句谓语为saw，此处应用动词的非谓语形式，live与其逻辑主语deer为主谓关系，所以将live改为living。④the改为a'冠词误用。cometoastop为固定表达，意为“停止”，所以将the改为a。⑤cleverly改为clever'形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知，seemed为系动词，此处应用形容词作表语，所以将cleverly改为clever。⑥month改为months'名词单复数误用。month为可数名词，根据前面的some可知，此处需要用名词复数，所以把month改为months。⑦want后加to'不定式符号to漏用。wanttodosth.为固定表达，意为“想要做某事”，所以在want后加to。⑧anything改为nothing'不定代词误用。根据语境可知，小鹿没有看到什么让它害怕的事情，所以将anything改为nothing。⑨drive改为drove'动词时态误用。根据时间状语“thismorning”并结合全文时态可知，此处应该用一般过去时，所以把drive改为drove。⑩but改为and'连词误用。根据语境可知，我继续开车，为这神奇的一刻而微笑，并且庆幸我开得很慢，没有撞到这个美丽的生灵，前后为顺承关系，所以将but改为and。but表转折，不符合语境。-5-
