完形填空精选6阅读下面短文，掌握其大意．然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Fromchildhoodtooldage,wealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaboutus.Whenhumansfirst1,theywerelikenewbornchildren,unabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedeveloped,thepossibilitiesforhumankind‘sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesuswithaninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlower6.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour7forlanguageisinborn,butthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually,asafunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecritical8timesforlanguagedevelopment.Current9ofinnatenesstheoryaremixed;however,evidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.Indeed,moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtinthelowergrades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing10tothem,whileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe11oftheirfirstlanguagehavebecomefirmlyfixed.Althoughsomeaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnate,languagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeen12fromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat13withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguage14thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitative,learnedbehavior.15,childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild'slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegatively-4-\nreinforcingimpreciseones.1.A.generatedB.evolvedC.bornD.originated2.A.valuableB.appropriateC.convenientD.favorite3.A.attainmentsB.feasibilityC.entertainmentsD.evolution4.A.essentialB.availableC.reliableD.responsible5.A.confirmB.informC.claimD.convince6.A.organizationsB.organismsC.humansD.children7.A.potentialB.performanceC.preferenceD.passion8.A.ideologicalB.biologicalC.socialD.psychological9.A.reviewsB.referenceC.reactionD.recommendation10.A.revealedB.exposedC.engagedD.involved11.A.regulationsB.formationsC.rulesD.constitutions12.A.distinguishedB.differentC.protectedD.isolated13.A.expositionB.comparisonC.contrastD.interaction14.A.acquisitionB.appreciationC.requirementD.alternative15.A.AsaresultB.AfterallC.InotherwordsD.Aboveall[答案及解析]1—15BAADCBABABCDDAC1.B此处意为：当人类刚刚开始进化，他们如同新生儿一样不会运用语言这种工具。evolved逐渐发展，进化符合题意。generated生殖，发展；born(bear的过去分词)不能作谓语动词；originated起源，不能用first修饰。2.A根据语法分析，答案应用来修饰语言的。valuable珍贵的；appropriate合适的，适当的；convenient方便的，便利的；favorite最喜欢的。语言并不是人类选择的结果，而是人类在进化过程中慢慢发展起来的，对人类来说，应当是珍贵的。3.A-4-\n此处意思是：语言的发展增加了人类未来的成就和文化进步的可能性。attainments成就；feasibility可行性；entertainments娱乐；evolution进化。4.D此处意为：许多语言学家认为进化使人们产生和具备了语言的能力。固定短语beresponsiblefor对……负责，是……的原由。其它选项不与for搭配。5.C根据语法分析,空格后应是一个宾语从句，而A，B，D三项后都不能接从句做直接宾语。confirm(确认)+名词；inform(通知)sb.ofsth.；convince(使某人确信)sb.ofsth.6.B此处意为：我们高度发达的大脑是我们具备了其它低等动物所不具备的语言能力。显然，这里是把人和低等动物相比较。因此选organisms有机体，生物体。7.A此句意思是：人类的语言能力是与生俱来的，但语言本身也在逐渐发展，所以这种能力应该是潜在的。potential潜力；performance履行；preference偏爱；passion激情。8.B此句意为：语言的发展有一个关键期，人体的成长是生物变化的过程。biological生物的；ideological思想上的；social社会的；psychological心理的。9.A此处意为：目前人们对“先天论”评论观点不一，但是支持某些天生能力的证据却是确凿无疑的。reviews评论；reference参考；reaction反应；recommendation推荐。10.B此处意为：通过接触多种语言，孩子们可以学会好几种语言。beexposedto是固定搭配，接触到。reveal(显露)sth.tosb.，不合题意，因本题中的them指languages。其余选项不与to搭配。engagein从事；beinvolvedin参与。11.C此句意思是：一旦母语的规则被深深印入脑海中，成年人就很难再学好另一种语言。rules规则，规律；regulations规定；formations构成，构造；constitutions宪法，章程。12.D此句意为：与人隔绝的儿童不能掌握好一门语言。isolated孤立的，与人隔绝的；distinguished区别的，杰出的；different不同的；protected受到保护的。13.D此句总结前几句，意为：必须通过与他人交往，语言才能够发展。interaction相互作用；exposition暴露；comparison比较；contrast对比。14.A根据分析，本句中的“this”和“evenmorebasic”分别指代上句的“interactionwithotherhumanbeings”和“necessary”，此处所填词对应上文中的languagedevelopment。也就是说，languageacquisition语言习得。appreciation欣赏,感激；requirement要求；alternative转移，转变，转换。15.C本句功能是以另一种方式解释前文中的“imitative,learnedbehavior.(模仿性的后天行为)”。Inotherwords换言之，换句话说；Asaresult结果是；Afterall毕竟；Above-4-\nall首先。-4-
