介词知识讲解二：单项选择题之介词固定搭配。一、考纲解读考点要求广东省省卷五年中考统计中考预测20222022202220222022时间介词、地点介词、方式介词掌握32题—32题——介词和各类词搭配构词的短语掌握—————常用介词的用法及辨析掌握—32题—32题32题分析解读：熟悉掌握常用介词的基本用法（表示时间、地点、方式等），以及一些常见的固定搭配。由于每个介词都可以表达不同的含义，且无规律可循，因此在备考时考生应该注意收集介词和各类词搭配构成的短语。二、考点一介词和各类词搭配构成的短语（一）介词与动词搭配介词介词与动词搭配inarrivein/at到达；dowellin在.....方面做得好；givein投降;believein信任foraskfor要，请求；leavefor离开一地方去另一地;goinfor爱好,参与考试；sendfor派人去请；waitfor等候，等待；lookfor寻找ongoon继续;passon传递；callon号召，访问，邀请；dependon依靠，依赖；fromhearfrom收到.....来信；learnfrom向.....学习ofhearof听说;thinkof考虑，关心；dieof死于······withhelpsb.withsth帮助某人做某事;fillwith充满，装满；beginwith以······开始；deal/dowith处理，对待；meetwith偶尔遇见，遭遇；totalkto与.....谈话；speakto对某人说；listento听；pointto指着······；writeto写信给······；getto到达；belongto属于atlookat(有意识地)看;arrivein/at到达；shoutat对······大声叫喊；smileat向······微笑；laughat嘲笑；其他turninto把······变成；looklike看起来像；lookafter照顾，照看；（二）介词与名词搭配介词介词与动词搭配ininEnglish用英语；insurprise惊奇地；inalowvoice低声地；inaword总而言之，一句话；introuble处于困境中；infact事实上；inorder按顺序，整齐，正常；inline成一直线；insilence不作声；inpublic公开地；inaminute一会儿；inontime立刻，很快；intheday在白天；inashortwhile不久；intime及时；inlife一生中；inahurry匆忙，急忙；inbed卧床；infrontof在······前面；inthemiddle在中间；inthesun在阳光下；inthetree在树上；inthestreet在街上；inspace在太空；intown在城里；6\ninthedistance在远处；onontime准时，按时；onone’swayto在某人去......的路上；onduty值日；ontheleft/right在左/右边；ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand一方面......,另一方面······；onthetopof在······顶上；ontheradio通过无线电广播；totoone’ssurprise/joy使某人吃惊/高兴的是；withwithasmile带着微笑outoutofbreath上气不接下气；outofsight消失，看不见；outofwork失业；atathome在家；atthemeeting在会上；atdinner在吃正餐；atthetable在桌子旁；atwork在工作；atschool在校上学；atthebackof在······后面atnight在晚上；atnoon在中午；atthesametime同时；atthebeginningof在······开始；attheendof在······结尾；bybybus乘坐公共汽车；bytheway顺便说说、问问；byhand用手，手工，亲手；bytheendof到······结束时；bytrain乘火车；byspaceship乘坐宇宙飞船；（三）介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配介词与形容词搭配与过去分词搭配与动词等搭配inbebornin出生于....；beinterestedin对.....感兴趣；takepartin参加；atbegoodat擅长......；beangryatsth.为某事生气；besurprisedat.....感到惊奇/诧异；ofbeproudof为....而自豪/骄傲；befullof充满.....；besureof确信......；bemadeof由....制成；betiredof讨厌......，厌倦......;take/catchholdof抓住；takecareof照顾，处理；keepoutof不让进入；withbestrictwith对.....严格要求；beangrywithsb.对某人生气；bebusywith忙于.....；besatisfiedwithsth.对某事感到满意；catchupwith跟上，赶上；havenothingtodowith与.....无关；intobreakinto闯入；tobekindtosb.beusedtogotoschool去上学；goto6\n对某人友好习惯于.....；bed/sleep去睡觉；givealessonto给.....上课；gotothecinema去看电影；sayhelloto向......问好；lookforwardto盼望，期待；ongoonstrike罢工；注意：bemade和beused之后介词的选择bemade常见结构bemadein在某地制造IhearthatiphoneismadeinChina.IhearthatNikeismadeinDongguan.bemadeof和bemadefrom都可以表示“用......制成”，但bemadeof强调从成品上能看出原材料，而bemadefrom则表示从成品上看不出原材料。Thedeskismadeofwood.这张桌子是用木头制成的。Paperismadefromwood.纸是用木头制成的。bemadeinto被制成......Thispieceofwoodwillbemadeintoasmallbench.这块木头将要被制成一个小凳子。bemadeupof由......组成Thegroupismadeupoffivestudents.这一组由五个学生组成。beused常见结构beusedto=becomeusedto=getusedto习惯于做......，后接名词、代词或动名词。Heisusedtogettingupearly.beusedto被用来（做），后接动词原形。Apanisusedtocook.锅是用来做饭的。Awhiteboardisusedtoteach.beusedfor意义相当于beusedtodo,但for后接动名词形式。Apanisusedforcooking.Awhiteboardisusedforteaching.beusedas被当做......来使用Adictionaryisusedasatoolforstudy.词典被用来作为学习的工具。beusedby被......使用Mycarisusedbymyfriendyesterday.我的车昨天由我朋友使用。二、考点二动词短语6\n①动词+介词相当于及物动词，需跟宾语goover,listento,lookat,lookfor,playwith,thinkaboutLookattheblackboard.看黑板。Listentomecarefully.仔细听我讲。注意：此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都只能放在介词后面，不能放在动词和介词之间②动词+副词有的作及物动词，有的作不及物动词eatup,giveup,putdown,turnon,tryonHeturnedoffthelightwhenheleft.当他离开时，他把灯关了。Hepickeditupandgaveittome.他把它捡起来，并给了我。注意：代词作宾语时必须放在动词后、副词前;当宾语是名词时，放在副词前后均可③动词+副词+介词相当于及物动词，需跟宾语catchupwith,getonwith,keepupwith,goonwithLet’sgoonwiththework.让我们继续这项工作吧。Hegetsalongwellwithhisclassmates.他与他的同学相处得很好。注意：其后的宾语只能放在介词之后④动词+名词+介词相当于及物动词，需跟宾语takepridein,payattentionto,make(good)useofHetakeprideindoingajobwell.他以做好工作而自豪。Pleasepayattentiontothephrasesinarticle.请注意文章中的词组。Wecanmakegooduseofair.我们可以充分利用空气。注意：这类短语的名词前可以加形容词作定语，其后的宾语只能放在介词之后二、考点三初中英语常用介词介词短语atatonce立刻；atlast最后；atfirst起初，首先；attheageof.....在······岁时；attheendof......,在.....之末；atthebeginningof......在......之初；atthefootof.......,在......脚下；atnight/noon在夜里/中午withwithone’shelp;在某人的帮助下；withthehelpof......，在......的帮助下;withasmile;面带微笑；withone’sowneyes亲眼看见afterafterawhile过了一会儿fromfromnowon;从现在起；fromthemon;从那时起；farawayfrom远离；frommorningtillnight从早到晚6\nforforexample例如bybyandby不久;byairmail寄航空邮件;bybike/air/train/bus骑自行车/乘飞机/乘火车/乘公共汽车;byordinarymail寄平信，寄普通邮件;bytheway顺便说/问一下;bythewindow在窗边;bytheendof......到......为止;littlebylittle逐渐地ininall总共;infact实际上;inone’stwenties在某人20几岁时;inahurry匆忙;inthemiddleof在......中间;innotime/inaminute立刻，很快;intime及时；（ontime准时）inpublic在别人面前，公开地;inorderto为了......;inthefrontof在......面前;inthesun在阳光下;intheend最后，终于;insurprise惊奇地;inturn依次ofofcourseononone’swayto在某人去......的路上;onfoot步行，走路;ontheotherhand另一方面;at/ontheweekend在周末;ontheleft/ontheright在左边/右边;ontheothersideof在......另一边;ontheradio通过收音机（无线电广播）totoone’sjoy使某人开心的是;toone’ssurprise使某人惊讶的是二、看似相同，但是意义有区别的短语1、attable在进餐；atthetable在桌子旁（=besidethetable）2、atdesk在读书或做作业；atthedesk在书桌旁3、atschool在校上学（指学生）；attheschool在学校（指教职工等）4、infrontofthebus在公交汽车的前面（不在车上）；inthefrontofthebus在公交汽车的前部（在车上）5、atsea在航海中；atthesea在海边6、byday在白天；bytheday按日，论日（计算）7、behindtime误期；behindthetime落后于时代8、inclass在上课，在课内；intheclass在这个班9、inbed卧床，在睡觉；inthebed在床上10、inprison坐牢；intheprison在监狱11、inred穿着红色的衣服；inthered负债；亏损12、inhospital住院（指病人）；inthehospital(因事)在医院13、inoffice在办公，执政；intheoffice在办公室14、insecret秘密地，私下里；inthesecret参入秘密，参入阴谋15、Inplaceof代替；intheplaceof在······地方16、incaseof万一，如果；inthecaseof就······来说，至于17、ofage成年人；ofanage同龄人18、outofoffice离职；outoftheoffice离开办公室19、outofprison(因犯罪)出狱；outoftheprison(因事)从监狱出来20、outofquestion毫无疑问；outofthequestion不可能，不允许三、介词固定搭配真题操练1、___anEnglishman,Johnislookingforward___the2022OlympicGames.6\nA.Of;inB.With;forC.For;atD.As;to2.Weshouldprotecttheanimals____danger.A.onB.inC.ofD.at3、Iwaitedforabusforalongtime.Igaveup____,andwalkedhome.A.atfirstB.atleastC.intheendD.atthebeginning4、Everyonewantstowin.But_____me,themostimportantthingistolearnsomethingnewandhavefun.A.asforB.thankstoC.insteadofD.suchas5、ThemoreIgettoknowNancy,themoreIcanrealizethatwehavealot____.A.instyleB.incommonC.inneed6、Theteachershopeallofuscanhand____ourhomework___timeeveryday.A.up;inB.out;onC.on;inD.in;on7、——Maybeyoushouldcallhimup.——ButIdon’twanttotalkwithhim____thephone.A.onB.inC.withD.at8、I’dliketobuyabigandmodernhouse._____,Ihopeit’sinaquietneighborhood.A.AfterallB.AboveallC.AsaresultD.Atthatmoment9、Ifyoudothings_____,usuallyyoucan’tdothemwell.A.inahurryB.fromnowonC.justnowD.atonce10、Whataniceday!Weshouldgosightseeing_____watchingTVinthehotel.A.becauseofB.insteadofC.togetherwithD.outof11、—Shallwegothemuseum?—Allright!Iheartherearemanyfirst-classphotographs_____.A.onshowB.onboardC.onsale12、ShenXueandZhaoHongbowonthegoldmedalforChinasowe’reproud___them.A.onB.inC.ofD.for13、ThefoodIcookisn’tdelicious,but_____Icanlookaftermyself.A.atfirstB.atleastC.atlast14、Icouldn’tgetthroughthedoorbecausetherewasabigbox_____.A.bythewayB.onthewayC.outofthewayD.intheway15、Thiskindofdressis_____thisyear,andIreallywanttogetone.A.indangerB.introubleC.instyle6
