介词副词知识讲解一：完形填空之介词，副词及固定搭配。一、考纲解读考点要求广东省省卷五年中考统计中考预测20222022202220222022词汇的运用名词掌握1题3题6题4题6题1题6题6题、9题、10题代词掌握5题——4题—动词掌握2题3题10题8题9题2题7题9题3题4题7题介词掌握—10题9题——形容词掌握6题4题3题8题10题1题副词掌握8题7题7题5题2题连词掌握7题2题10题8题—固定词组掌握4题9题1题5题1题5题2题3题5题8题文体记叙文掌握说明文理解—————议论文理解—————应用文理解—————分析解读：近几年广东中考英语在完形填空这一题型上着重于语意填空，逐渐减少语法填空，以重点考察学生的理解能力；题材上更加贴近学生、贴近生活，内容新颖，富有时代气息。预测2022中考篇章仍将重点考察学生对词汇的辨析和篇章分析的能力。二、2022广东中考真题再现（一）完形填空（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。Mikewasreadinginthegardenwhenhismothercame.ShepointedtosomethingandaskedMikewhatitwas.Mikefeltquite46,buthetoldheritwasasparrow(庥雀)andgotbackintoreading.Severalminuteslater,hismotherpointedtothesamesparrowandaskedthesamequestionagain.Mikegotalittleangrybut47answeredherquestion.Afteralittlewhile,hismotherdidthesamethingoncemore.ThistimeMikecouldnot48hisanger.Heshoutedatherfor49himagainandagain.Theoldladysilently50anolddiary,turnedtoapageandshowedittoMike.Thoughalittleimpatient,Mikebegantoreadit."Today,IwaswateringtheflowersinthegardenwhenlittleMikepointedtoa51onthegrassandaskedmewhatitwas.I52athim,saiditwasasparrow11\nandkissedhim.AfterawhileMikeaskedmeagainandIdidthesame.Pointingtothesamesparrow,littleMikeaskedmewhatitwastwentytimesandI53answeringhisquestionandkissinghimeverytime."SomethinggentlytouchedMike's54.Hisfaceturnedredwith55forbeingsoimpatienttohismotherandhehugged(掬抱)hertight.Yourparentshavegivenyoumanythingsintheirlifetime,butyoumaynotrealizethatuntiltheyaregone.46.A.angryB.lonelyC.proudD.surprised47.A.stillB.alwaysC.alreadyD.seldom48.A.showB.leaveC.controlD.discover49.A.refusingB.supportingC.encouragingD.disturbing50.A.setoutB.tookoutC.putoutD.lookedout51.A.foxB.frogC.birdD.rabbit52.A.threwB.smiledC.shoutedD.laughed53.A.putonB.keptonC.triedonD.dependedon54.A.faceB.mouthC.heartD.shoulder55.A.shameB.fearC.happinessD.kindness（二）真题解析1、副词第二小题still,always,already,seldom,熟悉中考考试大纲副词含义以及用法，尤其必须熟悉真题出现以及常用的副词。完形填空每一年都有一道题考察副词的知识点。still，仍然；always，经常；already，已经，用于完成时态；seldom，很少，不常2、固定搭配第50和第53小题。setout出发；takeout取出；putout扑灭；lookout注意，面朝，照料；keepon坚持；puton穿上，上演，增加；tryon,试穿，实验；dependon依靠广东中考英语完形填空每年都有两道题左右考察固定搭配，所以考生必须认真对待固定搭配的学习和积累。三、中考完型填空技巧——词汇辨析和篇章分析能力。（一）时间：考生必须在一定时间内读懂全文，从整体上把握文章的内在逻辑关系，领会作者意图。（15分钟）（二）知识掌握1、采取“重语境，轻语法”2、根据上下文语境的逻辑意义填空。3、词汇的意义和用法必须具备较大的词汇量，并结合上下文语境。侧重短语搭配和词汇活用。提高解完形填空技能。4、积累习惯用语和固定搭配。（三）技巧：1、略读即快速地读，以了解文章内容、结构为目的。2、了解文章结构和句子结构，才能有把握地去选填。11\n1、记住：不能边读边选。因为边读边选会一再打断阅读理解的整体连贯性。造成断章取义。一空填错，后面都跟着填错。略读之后，对文章的内容、结构以及文章的主要线索，都要做到心中有数。4、前后兼顾，谨慎选择。5、语境。联系上下文。6、语法知识。7、必要的常识。8、注意同义词、近义词的微细区别和一些固定搭配。9、先易且定夺。10、攻难再复读。11、反思并修正。12、重视首尾句。尾句往往是段落的灵魂，首句往往是是段落的主题句。13、如果句子有生词，要通过上下文或构词语法知识来推断它的词义。有时，有些词对理解题意根本没有影响。14、“熟词新义”的情况有时也会碰到，要灵活处理。总之，判断正确答案要从多角度去考虑，把语境、语法、词法、常识和固定搭配等有机结合综合考虑是做完填空题的最佳方法。三、副词（一）副词的分类11\n（二）副词的用法1．作状语。修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。如：IcanspeakFrenchquitewell.我法语讲得相当好。2．作表语。表示方向的副词(up,down,in,out等)和表示位置的副词(above,below,inside,outside等)在句中可作表语。如：Whenwillhebeback?他什么时候回来？3．作定语。通常放在被修饰词的后面，故称“后置定语”。如：Theweatherhereisveryenjoyable.这儿的气候非常宜人。4．作宾语补足语。如：AskJimdownstairs!让吉姆下楼！三、连词连词主要分为两大类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、短语或句子；从属连词是用来引导从句的词。并列连词按照其在句中的作用可分为表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词。连词主要分为两大类：并列连词和从属连词。11\n（一）并列连词并列连词用来连接平行的词、短语或句子；从属连词是用来引导从句的词。并列连词按照其在句中的作用可分为表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词。11\n11\n三、广东中考历年真题操练：（A）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。(2022)Tombroughtaboxofbiscuitstoasummercamp.Heateafewandplacedtherestunderhisbed.Afterlunch,hefoundtheboxwasgone.Hewenttotellhiscamp46aboutit.Thenextday,thecoachsawaboyeatingTom’sbiscuitbehindatree.He47anideatosolve(解决)theproblem.HefoundTomandsaidtohim,“Iknowwho__48__11\nyourbiscuits.Willyouhelpmetoteachhimalesson?”“Well,yes…areyougoingtopunish__49__,sir?”Tomasked.“No,Iamnot,”thecoachexplained__50__.“Thatwouldonlymakehimhateyou.Iwantyoutowritetoyourmotherandaskformore__51__.”Tomreceivedanotherboxofbiscuitsbymailfromhismotherafewdayslater.“Now,”saidthecoach,“goand__52__themwiththeboywhostoleyourbiscuits.”Tomdidn’tunderstandthecoach’sintention,__53__hestillfollowedhisadvice.Halfanhourlaterthecoachsawthetwoboyscomeupthehill,arminarm.TheboywastryingtoaskTomto__54__histoyrobotinpaymentfor(赔偿)thestolenbiscuits.AndTomwasrefusingthegiftfromhisnewfriend.Hesaidthatafewbiscuitswerenotso__55__.Insomesituations,forgiveness(原谅)isbetterthanpunishment.46.A.cookB.doctorC.coachD.cleaner47.A.gotonwithB.wentonwithC.cameupwithD.caughtupwith48.A.tookawayB.ranawayC.wentawayD.threwaway49.A.meB.himC.usD.them50.A.shylyB.angrilyC.excitedlyD.patiently51.A.giftsB.biscuitsC.candiesD.toys52.A.shareB.chooseC.divideD.fill53.A.ifB.butC.sinceD.though54A.stealB.mendC.makeD.accept55A.cheapB.deliciousC.differentD.important（B）2022Bill,athirteen-year-oldboy,thoughthehadgrownuptobeaman.Buthisparentstoldhim,“Youwon’tbearealmanuntilyoubeginto_46_____helpingothers.”Onemorning,hisparentsgavehimsomemoneyto47____somemilkforthem.Outsideashophesawahomelessoldmanwholookedvery48____.Billwenttohimandasked,“What’swrongwithyou?”Theoldmananswered,“I’mhungry.Ihaven’thadanyfoodfortwodays.”Allthethoughtofhisparents’words,Billsaidtotheoldman,“Let’sgotothe49_______.”Whentheygotthere,Billaskedthewaitertobringoutbreadandcoffeeto11\ntheoldman.Theoldmanfinishedthemealquickly.Afterthewaiter50_____theplateandthecup,theoldmansaid,“Sorryforgiveyoutoomuch51_____.I’mfinenow.I’ll52____forgetyourkindness!Youareaverygoodyoungman”Billwas53______whenheheardthis.Justwhenhewantedtopayforthemeal,thewaitercame.Billandtheoldmanlearned54______thathefoodwasfree55___itwasthebirthdayoftheboss,andtheywerethefirstcustomer(顾客)thatday.46.A.thinkaboutB.dependonC.giveupD.goon47.A.lendB.buyC.drinkD.borrow48.A.afraidB.gladC.sickD.angry49.A.bankB.libraryC.hospitalD.restaurant50.A.sentoutB.gotdownC.gavebackD.tookaway51.A.excuseB.adviceC.troubleD.difficulty52.A.neverB.alwaysC.usuallyD.sometimes53.A.nervousB.pleasedC.sorryD.shy54.A.insurpriseB.asusualC.onceagainD.atfirst55.A.whenB.untilC.unlessD.became（C）2022通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应的题目所选的选项涂黑。Onedayapoormanwastravelingonhorseback.Atnoon,hetiedhishorsetoatreeandthen46toeatsomething.Afewminuteslater,arichmancamealongandtiedhishorsetothesametree.“Pleasetieyourhorsetoanothertree,”saidthepoorman.“Myhorseiswild.Itwillkillyours.”47therichmansaid,“IshalltiemyhorseasIlike!”hetieduphishorseandhadhislunchnearby.Afteramomenttheyheardaterrible48,thetwohorseswerefighting.Theywentuptothem,butitwastoo49.Therichman’shorsewaskilled.“Seewhatyouhorsehasdone!”criedtherichman.“Youwillhaveto50it.”AndhebroughtthepoormanbeforeMr.Know.Mr.Knowaskedthepoormansomequestions.Buthemadeno51.AtlastMr.Knowsaid,“Thismanisdumb.Hecannotspeak.”“Oh,”therichmanshouted52.“Hecan!HespoketomewhenImethim.”11\n“Areyousure?”askedMr.Know.“Whatdidhe53?”“Hetoldmenottotiemyhorsetothesametreebecausehishorsewaswildandwouldkillmyhorse.”“Oh,”saidMr.Know.“Sohe54you.Thencanyouexpecttogetmoney55him?”Therichmansaidnothingandleftsilently.46.A.putdownB.setdownC.satdownD.turneddown47.A.SoB.ButC.AndD.Though48.A.songB.wordC.bellD.noise49.A.lateB.slowC.hardD.quick50.A.payforB.lookforC.waitforD.carefor51.A.ideaB.mistakeC.moneyD.answer52.A.quietlyB.angrilyC.happilyD.heavily53.A.speakB.tellC.talkD.say54.A.helpedB.thankedC.warnedD.ordered55.A.forB.fromC.withD.about(D)2022Onedayarichwomanlostherpursewithalotofmoneyinit.Soshemadea1,“Ifanybodyfindsmypurseand2ittome,I’llgivehalfthemoneytohim”.Apoorman3thepursenearashop.Hesentitbacktothewoman.,butthewoman4.“Therewasanexpensiveringinmypursebesidemoney,”saidthewoman,“Iwon’tgiveyouhalfthemoneyinmypurseuntilyoureturnittome.”“ButI’veneverseenanexpensiveringin5purse,”saidtheman.Theybegantoquarrel(争吵)。Themanbecame6andtookhertoajudge(法官).7thejudgeheardwhathadhappenedthem,hesaidtothewoman,“I’msureyouhavelostapurse,andthereisanexpensiveringinit.Butthereis8alotofmoneyinthispurse.SoIdon’tthinkit’syours.9sometime.Maybesomebodywillgiveyourpurseback.”Thenthejudge10tothemanandsaid,“Takethepursehome.Iftheownerdoesn’tcometogetitbackintwodays,itwillbeyours.”1AfaceBmistakeCpromiseDconversation2AgetsBshowsCpointsDreturns3AhadBknewCheardDfound4AkeptherwordBchangedhermindCtriedherbestDpulledherdown5AyourBherChisDmy6AsadBangryCexcitedDworried7ABeforeBThoughCAfterDIf8AonlyBtrulyCnearlyDreally9AWaitforBListentoCLookafterDTalkabout10AranBcameCwentDturned三、知识点总结：11\n（一）副词1、before，though，after，if。2、still,always,already,seldom.3、never,always,usually,sometimes4、quietly,angrily,happily,heavily5、only,truly,nearly,really.（二）连词so,but,and,though,if,but,since,though,when,until,unless,because,before,though,after,if.（三）动词词组setout,takeout,putout,lookoutputon,keepon,tryon,dependon.getonwith,goonwith,comeupwith,catchupwith.takeaway,runaway,goaway,throwaway.thinkabout,dependon,giveup,goon.takeaway,sentout,getdown,giveback.putdown,setdown,sitdown,turndown.insurprise,asusual,onceagain,atfirst.setdownto,payfor,lookfor,waitfor,careforkeepone’sword,changeone’smind,tryone’sbest,pullone’sdownwaitfor,listento,lookafter,talkabout.11
