英语时态之一般现在时一、什么是时态时态就是表示一个动作发生的时间和所处的状态。“时”就是这个动作发生的“时间”；“态”就是这个动作在某个时刻的“状态”。二、时间的定义英语中把时间分为三类，即：过去现在将来三、状态的定义状态指的是在某个时刻这个动作所处于的状态。动词共有四类状态，分别为：一般式、进行式、完成式和进行完成式。1.一般式表示经常发生的动作，其动词形式为do例：Ioftengetupat7.我经常在七点钟起床。2.进行式表示正在进行的动作，其动词形式为“be动词+doing”例：SheissingingaFrenchsong.她正在唱一首法语歌。3.完成式表示对“之前发生动作”的一个总结，其动词形式为“have+done”例：Theyhavefoundthemissingchild.,他们找到那个失踪的孩子了。4.完成进行式表示对“正在进行动作”的一个总结，其动词形式为“have+been+doing”例：Ihavebeenreadingbooksfortwohours.我已经连续读书两个小时了。四．一般现在时（do）：一般现在时的本质思维特征是：表示从过去到现在直到将来的一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。它可以是近乎无限长（如表示客观真理），也可以是人们生活中的一段时间（如人们的习惯活动）即：一般现在时表示客观的、普遍性的真理以及经常性的、习惯性的事件。由于一般现在时态的特征可知：一般现在时态无法向我们展示一个明确具体的时间段。例：Lighttravelsmorequicklythansound.光传播的速度比声音快。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Ialwaysswimintheafternoon.Itisusuallysunny.Healwaysswimsintheafternoon.Hefeelsveryrelaxed.,（1）一般现在时态的特殊用法：1.一般现在时表示将来发生的动作主要用在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作(主将从现）。例：Iwillgivethebooktohimassoonasiseehim.Iwillgeteverythingreadybeforeyoucomeback.Whatareyougoingtodowhenyouleaveschool?2.表示未来的计划和时间安排表的时候，表示将来的动作。此时句中的动词往往是表示短暂动作的动词，如goleavestart和move等等。例：Thetrainstartsat2o`clock.火车两点钟开。Wemovenextweek.我们下周搬家。Theyleaveforshanghaibytraintomorrowevening.他们明晚出发去上海。练习题1：一、用括号内单词适当的形式填空。1.Theyoften__________(play)intheplayground.,2.She__________(get)upatsixo’clock.3.__________you__________(brush)yourteetheverymorning.4.What__________(do)sheusually__________(do)afterschool?5.__________they__________(like)theWorldCup?6.Jacksometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateight,she__________(watch)TVwithhisparents.8.__________Mike__________(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessons__________yourclassmates__________(have)onMonday?10.Whattime__________hisfather__________(do)thehousework?11.Heusually__________(get)upatsixinthemorning.12.She__________(have)blueseyes.13.We__________(go)toschooleveryday.14.Theboy__________(like)playingfootball.15.We__________(have)noclassesonSundays.16.She__________(write)tohermotheronceaweek.17.It__________(rain)quiteoftenduringthemonthofJulyeveryyear.,18.Sheoften__________(watch)TVonSaturdays.19.Mikeusually__________(ride)abikewithhisfriendsinthepark.20.WangPingandMaryoften__________(play)badmintontogether.21.Mymother__________(have)alotofcousins.22.Manypeopleoften__________(listen)totheradiointhemorning.23.—__________(do)she__________(like)playingtheviolin?—Yes,she__________(do).24.She__________(have)twobrothers.She__________(like)themverymuch.25.We__________(notwatch)TVonMonday.26.Sandyusually__________(play)thepianoonSundays.27.Thecat__________(like)eatingfisheverymuch.28.MaryandJack__________(have)eightlessonsthisterm.29.SheandI__________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.二、选词填空。readgoeshaslivesworkswatchesgetsMyauntisanurse.Shelikesmusicverymuch.She1._________in,abighospital.Everydayshe2._________upat6:30.She3._________breakfastat7:00.Afterbreakfastshe4._________toworkbybus.Sheusuallygoeshomeat5:30.Afterdinner,sheoften5._________TVand6._________books.At10:30,shegoestobed.答案：一、用括号内单词适当的形式填空。1.play2.gets3.Do;brush4.does;do5.Do;like6.goes7.iswatching8.Does;read9.do;have10.does;do11.gets12.has13.go14.likes15.have16.writes17.rains18.watches19.rides20.play21.has22.listens23.Does;like;does24.has;likes25.don’twatch26.plays27.likes28.have29.take二、选词填空。1.works2.gets3.eats4.goes5.watches6.reads练习题2,一．用动词的适当形式填空。1.Vegetarians(not,eat)meat.2.Anatheist___(not,believe)inGod.3.Constantdripping(wear)awayastone.4.I(go)tothegymeveryfivedays.5.(go)tothegymeveryfivedays,butIthinkI'llmakeiteveryotherdaylater.6.A:(run)amileeveryafternoonforthepastmonth,butIsillhaven'tbeenabletolosemorethanapoundortwo.Iwonderifit'sworthit.B:Oh,don'tgiveupnow.Italways_____(seem)hardwhenyouarejuststartingout.7.Okay,soyou(stick)toyourNewYear'sresolutionand(go)tothegymonaregularbasis.Butwait;areyoueatinganddrinkingtherightthingsattherighttimeinordertomaximizeyourefforts?8.Thestockmarket（rise)and(fall)asitsinternalfeature.9.John（always,not,go)toschoollate.Thatistosay,he(sometimes,attend)schoollate.He(be,generally)agoodstudent.He（be,always)readytohelpothers.,10.I(get)upatseveno'clockeverymorning.11.(get)upatseveno'clockeverymorning,butIthinkI'llgetupearlierfromnowon.12.He(often,go)tomovieswithNancyonweekends.13.You(go)withNancyforoverthreeyearsnow.Whydon'tyoupopherthequestion?14.Ifit(rain)tomorrow,we'llhavetoputoffoursportsmeet.15.Thefrontpageofanewspaper(contain)themostimportantnewsoftheday.16.Themother(often,take)hersontoschoolbeforeshe（go)towork.17.Watchcarefully.FirstI(pick)upthereceiver,（dial)thenumberI(want),then(drop)thecoinintotheslotasrequired.18.Darwin(originate)thetheoryofevolutionand，（differ)fromtheBibleonthecreationoftheworld.19.Look!Here(come)yourboyfriend!20.A:Look!It(snow)。B:It'swonderful!It(snow,not)inmyhometown.,答案：1.donoteat2.doesnotbelieve3.wears4.go5.`vebeengoing6.`vebeenrunning,seems7.`vebeensticking,going8.rises,falls9.doesn`talwaysgo,sometimesattends,isgenerally,isalways10.get11.`vebeengetting12.oftengoes13.havebeengoing14.rains15.contains16.oftentakes,goes17.pick,dial,want,drop18.originates,differs19.comes20.issnowing,doesnotsnow.
