Period3 GrammarTeachingaims 1．Revisethepassivevoice(includingtheinfinitive)andknowtheexactmeaningofthestructure.2．Beabletousetheusefulwords，expressionsandstructurescorrectly.Teachingprocedures Step1 RevisionAskstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestionswithoutreferringtothetextbook.1．WhatwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarry'swife，Claire?2．HowdidLarryBelmontfinallypersuadehiswifetoaccepttheexperiment?3．HowdidClairefeelwhenshewasofferedsympathybyarobot?4．WhatdidTonyexpecttodoaboutthehousebeforehewastoleaveandLarrywastoreturn?5．HowdidClairefeelwhenshewasenviedbythosewomen?6．WhathappenedtoTonyatlast?Suggestedanswers：1．TherobotwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarry'swife，Claire.2．Larrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn'tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.3．Shethoughtitwasridiculoustobeofferedsympathybyarobot.4．Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed.5．Shefeltitasweetvictorytobeenviedbythosewomen.6．Tonyhadtoberebuilt.Step2 Grammarlearning1．不定式的被动形式当不定式与逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，即不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动形式。其被动式可以分为两种：一般式和完成式。(1)一般式：tobedone，表示不定式动作在谓语动词之后或者同时发生。Itisagreathonor_to_be_invited_tospeakhere.很荣幸被邀请在这里讲话。Thenovelissaid_to_be_published_nextmonth.据说这本小说下月要出版。(2)完成式：tohavebeendone，表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。Thebookissaidto_have_been_translated_intosixlanguages.这本书据说已经被翻译成六种语言。Thebosspreferred_to_have_been_given_moreworktodo.老板宁愿被分给更多的工作做。被动一般式tobedone完成式tohavebeendone 2.不定式被动形式的作用(1)作主语,It'sanhonorto_be_invitedtotheceremony.很荣幸被邀请赴宴。It'sapityto_be_keptinthehouseinsuchfineweather.在这样好的天气被关在家里真是遗憾。(2)作表语Theletteris_to_be_sent_byairmail.这封信笺要空邮。(3)作宾语Shedidn'tliketo_be_treatedasachild.她不喜欢被当成孩子。Theboyaskedto_be_givenanopportunitytotryagain.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。(4)作宾语补足语I'dlikemybedroomto_be_cleaned.我想整理一下我的卧室。(5)作定语Hewasthelastone_to_be_askedtospeakatthemeeting.他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。(6)作状语Hismotherleftthesmallvillage，never_to_be_seenagain.他母亲离开了那个小山村，再也没有人见过她。3．不定式有些要注意的地方(1)感官动词和一些使役动词的不定式的主动形式要省去to，但在变成被动语态后需要加上to，能这样用的动词或动词词组有：make，have，let，see，hear，notice，listento，watch等。如：Weoftenseehimactlikethat.＝Heisoftenseentoactlikethat.我们常常看到他那样做。(2)在can'thelpbut，havenothingtodobut结构中，介词but后的不定式省去to。如：Ican't_help_butsuspecthismotive.我不禁怀疑起他的动机。Ihave_nothing_to_do_but_watchTV.我没什么事情可做，除了看电视。(3)不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义①形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义，其中形容词常见的有easy，difficult，important，impossible等。如：Theworkisimpossible_to_finishintwodays.工作不可能两天之内完成。Englishisnotsoeasy_to_learn.英语并不好学。②一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评”用betoblame；“(东西等)出租”用tolet。Heistoblameforwhathehasdone.他应为他所做的受责备。Thehouseistolet.房子要出租。,Step3 Exercises1．ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang，whowasreported______theworldrecordinthe110－meterhurdlerace.A．breaking B．havingbroken C．tohavebroken D．tobreak2．Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood______.A．tobebreathed B．tobreatheC．breathing D．beingbreathed3．______theprojectasplanned，we'llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.A．Completing B．CompleteC．Completed D．Tocomplete4．Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple，butitremains______whethertheywillenjoyit.A．tosee B．tobeseenC．seeing D．seen5．Ihurriedtothemeetinghall，only______thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.A．totell B．tobetoldC．telling D．told6．Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth；sheappears______everything.A．totell B．tobetoldC．tobetelling D．tohavebeentold7．LittleTomshouldlove______tothetheaterthisevening.A．tobetaken B．totakeC．beingtaken D．taking8．Itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedto______manythings.Nowpeopleareusedto______plasticsproducts.A．make；usingB．making；usingC．making；useD．make；use9．Withalotofproblems______，thenewly－electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A．settled B．settlingC．tosettle D．beingsettledKeys：1～5CBDBB 6～9DAACStep4 DrillingAskstudentstodoExercise1onPage14andthenchecktheanswerstogether.Keys：Exercise1betestedout，beharmed，beoffered，wasamazed，wasnotallowed，bediscovered，becompletelytransformed，wereimpressed，beenvied，berebuiltAskstudentstodoExercise2andthenchecktheanswerstogether.Keys：Exercise21．tobedesigned 2.toberebuilt 3.tobeaccompanied 4.tobeknownas 5.tobefilled,with 6.tobetestedout 7.tobeenvied 8.tobesetasideStep5 UsingthepassiveinfinitiveTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthepassiveinfinitive.1．那本关于《圣经》的书需要在这个周末之前还给图书馆。2．下周末前，这个旧扶手椅将由一个沙发代替。3．不要着急，你有足够的时间把那个传真发到你的公司。4．你同妻子离婚的决定必须要得到她的同意。5．刚刚出了一起事故，不过没有必要惊慌，没有人受伤。6．虽然她考得不错，但是她预料父母还是会对考试的结果感到失望。7．当在医院进行大手术的时候，她得到了家人的关爱和支持，为此她感到非常高兴。8．他为自己被宣布成为智力竞赛冠军得主的事感到十分兴奋。9．他把他们已经得到的2000元与将提供的1500元加在一起，总共3500元。10．没有主力队员的参与，他们一定会在即将到来的比赛中被打败。Suggestedanswers：1．ThatbookontheHolyBibleneedstobereturnedtothelibraryby/beforetheendoftheweek.2．Thatoldarmchairistobereplacedbyasofanextweek.3．Don'tworry—youstillhaveplentyoftimeforthatfaxtobesenttoyourcompany.4．Yourdecisiontodivorceyourwifehastobemadewithheragreement.5．Therehasbeenanaccidentbutthereisnoneedtobealarmed.Nobodyhasbeenhurt.6．Althoughshehaddonewell，sheexpectedherparentstobedisappointedbyherexamresults.7．Shewashappytobesupportedbytheaffectionofherfamilywhenshehadaseriousoperationinhospital.8．Hewassoexcitedtobedeclaredthewinnerofthetalentcompetition.9．Headdedthe2000yuantheyhadreceivedtothe1500yuantobeoffered，making3500yuaninall.10．Withouttheirkey/leadingplayer，they'reboundtobebeateninthecomingcompetition.Step6 HomeworkFinishoffExercises1and2onPage56.
