江苏省2022年上学期南通市通州区高三英语第一次诊断测试试题（考试时间：120分钟满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ARailcardsWanttosaveonthepriceofyourtraintickets?Thenyou'llneedtobuyaNationalRailcard.ThefirststepistopicktherightRailcard,butdon'tworry!We'llwalkyouthrougheachtypeandhelpyoufindtheonemostsuitedtoyourneeds.TheNetworkRailcardSpendE30onaNetworkRailcardfortheyearandlookforwardto1/3offyourtrainticketsduringoff-peak(非高峰）times.Enjoydiscountedtravelacross16counties(郡）intheSouthEast,evenincludingthewholeofLondon!Itisagreatoptionforanyonewhodoesn'tfallintoanyoftheotherRailcardcategories,aspeopleofanyagecanholdone.13/13TheStudentRailcardAtthecostofjustE30,thisRailcardisexcellentvalueformoney.Whetheryouhaveanearlymorninglectureoryou'rerollinghomeintheearlyhoursafteranightout,youcanstillget1/3offonallpassengerrailserviceswithintheUK!TheonlyrequirementforthisRailcardisthatyouneedtobewithintheagesof16and25.TheMillennialRailcardThisRailcardisavailableforallwhoarebetweentheagesof26and30,regardlessofpeakoroff-peaktimes.However,itiscurrentlyonlyavailabledigitally,withusersbeingrequiredtodownloadtheRailcardappandshowticketinspectorsduringtrainticketchecks.CostingjustE30,thenewRailcardcanbeusedacrosstheUK.TheDisabledPersonsRailcardAnypassengerwithadisabilityiseligible(符合条件的）toapplyforone.Itonlycosts£20,makingyouroveralldiscountfortheyearevenbetter!ThemostimportantthingisthatanytypesofticketscanbepurchasedthroughouttheUKrailnetwork.Besides,itcanalsogetyoudiscountsonLondonattractions.21.WhichRailcardjustappliestotrainservicesinpartoftheUK?A.TheNetworkRailcard.B.TheStudentRailcard.C.TheMillennialRailcard.D.TheDisabledPersonsRailcard.22.WhatisrequiredfortheStudentRailcard?A.Ridinghours.B.Railcardcategory.C.Agerange.D.Servicecharge.23.WhatisspecialabouttheMillennialRailcard?A.Itcannotbeusedduringpeaktimes.B.ItoffersdiscountsonLondonattractions.C.ItisthecheapestamongthefourRailcards.D.Itrequiresitsownerstodownloadanapp.B13/13Cedar,athird-generationbeekeeperfromthecountrysideofNewSouthWales,Australia,saysthathewasinspiredtotryanddesignasimplerhive(蜂箱）afterhisbrotherwasstung(蜇）duringoneoftheirhoney-gatheringtasks.Theyoungguyknewthattheremustbeacleverwaytogatherhoneywithouthavingtowearprotectivesuits,openthehive,anddisturbthelittlebees.Afterseveralyears,CedarandhisfatherStuartfinallyperfectedtheirinvention-theFlow.Hive,whichcansavebeekeepershoursofworksimplybychannelingallofitshoneyintoatapthatcanbeturnedonandoffatwill.Fouryearsaftertheirinitialsuccess,theFlowHivehashadabiginfluenceonhoneybeepopulationsaroundtheworld.Thefatherandhissonsaythattheyhavesuccessfullyshippedover51,000hivesto150differentcountries.Sincetheyintroducedthehivein2022,thenumberofbeekeepersintheU.S.alonehasincreasedbyover10%.Theirsuccessisparticularlysignificantsincehoneybeepopulationshavebeensteadilydecreasingasaresultofhabitatloss.That'swhynowStuartandCedarAndersonaredonatingtheirhiveearningstointernationalhoneybeeadvocacygroups.＂We'reproudtohavedonated100%ofprofitsfromthesaleofourFlowPollinator(传粉昆虫）HousetoninelocalpollinatorprojectsinAustraliaandtheU.S.thatareatworkprotectingwildhabitatsallaroundtheworld,"saidtheAndersonsinastatement."Pollinatorsneedlargeareasofhabitattogrowhealthily-themorewecandotoconservenativehabitats,themoreopportunitiesthesetinyenvironmentalchampionswillhavetodotheirimportantwork."24.WhatcanwelearnaboutCedar?A.Heisoftenhurtbyhoneybees.B.HeisfromabigcityinAustralia.C.Heknowsalotaboutbeekeeping.D.Hedislikesworkingwithhisbrother.25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheFlowHive?A.Itisfriendlytotheenvironment.B.Itcanimprovethequalityofhoney.C.Itcanhelpbeesproducemorehoney.D.Itsimplifiesthehoney-gatheringprocess.13/1326.WhydotheAndersonsmakedonations?A.Toexpandtheirbusiness.B.Toprotectbees'habitats.C.TobuildmoreFlowHives.D.TohelpthepoorinAustralia.27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.“HoneyonTap"BeehiveB.TheCostofBeekeepingC.TheGrowthofaBeekeeperD.TrueFactsAboutHoneybeesCInordertohelpdiscoverspoilage(变质）andreducefoodwasteforsupermarketsandconsumers,researchershavedevelopednewlow-cost,smartphone-linked,eco-friendlyspoilagesensorsformeatandfishpackaging.OneinthreeUKconsumersthrowawayfoodjustbecauseitreachestheuse-bydate(保存期），but60%(4.2milliontonnes)ofthe£12.5billion-worthoffoodwethrowawayeachyearissafetoeat.Theresearchers,whosefindingswerepublishedinACSSensors,saythesensorscouldalsoeventuallyreplacetheuse-bydate-awidelyusedindicatorofbeingfreshandeatable.ThesensorscosttwoUScentseachtomake.Knownas"paper-basedelectricalgassensors(PEGS)",theydetectspoilagegaseslikeammonia(apoisonousgaswithastrongunpleasantsmell)inmeatandfishproducts.Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhodevelopedPEGSmadethesensorsbyprintingcarbonelectrodes(电极）ontoaspecialtypeofpaper.Thematerialsareeco-friendlyandharmless,sotheydon'tdamagetheenvironmentandaresafetouseinfoodpackaging.Thesensors,combinedwithatinyelectronicsystem,theninformnearbymobiledevices,whichidentifyandunderstandthedataaboutspoilagegases.13/13LeadauthorDrFiratGuder,ofImperial'sDepartmentofBioengineering,said,＂Althoughthey'redesignedtokeepussafe,use-bydatescanleadtoeatablefoodbeingthrownaway.Theydon'talwaysreflectitsactualfreshness.Infact,peopleoftengetsickfromfoodbornediseasesduetopoorstorage,evenwhenanitemiswithinitsuse-bydate.＂Thesesensorsarecheapenoughsowehopetoseesupermarketsusingthemwithinthreeyears.OurgoalistousePEGSinfoodpackagingtoreduceunnecessaryfoodwaste."TheauthorshopethatPEGScouldhaveapplicationsbeyondfoodprocessing,likesensingchemicalsinagriculture,airquality,anddetectingdiseasemarkersinbreathlikethoseinvolvedinkidneydisease.28.WhatisthefunctionofPEGSaccordingtothetext?A.Toimprovetheserviceofstores.B.Tohelpsupermarketsstorefoods.C.Toimprovethetasteoffoodproducts.D.Tohelppeopletestfoodfreshness.29.WhatroledoesthesmartphoneplaywhilePEGSarefunctioning?A.Itactsasanelectronicnose.B.ItreadsthedatacollectedbyPEGS.C.Itdiscoversthespoilagegasesfromfoods.D.Ithelpsprintthegassensorsontopaper.30.WhatdoesDrFiratGudersayaboutuse-bydates?A.Theyarenotcompletelyreliable.B.Theycanhelpreducefoodwaste.C.Theyarenotacceptedbyconsumers.D.Theyarebasedonscientificresearch.31.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthetext?A.Theprocessofresearchingspoilagesensors.B.Anewtechnologyinpackagingtoreducefoodwaste.13/13C.Use-bydates'influenceonsupermarketsandconsumers.D.Theapplicationofspoilagesensorsbeyondfoodprocessing.DMuazzezKocek,46,isconsideredoneofthebestwhistlersinKuskoy,avillageinTurkey'snorthernGiresunprovince.Herwhistlecanbeheardoverthearea'svastteafields.WhenPresidentofTurkeyvisitedKusköyin2022,shegreetedhimandproudlywhistled,"Welcometoourvillage!"Sheuseskusdili,or"birdlanguage".Forhundredsofyears,thiswhistledformofcommunicationhasbeencriticalforfarminginthisplace,allowingcomplexconversationsoverlongdistancesandmakinganimalherding(放牧）easiertodo.However,becauseoftheincreaseduseofcellphones,thelanguageisatriskofdyingout.Turkeyisoneofahandfulofcountriesintheworldwherewhistlinglanguagesexist.Theyattractlinguistic(语言学的）expertsverymuch.Thereisalong-heldbeliefthatlanguageinterpretationoccursmostlyinthelefthemisphere(大脑半球），andtunesandsingingontheright.ButastudyconductedinKuskoysuggeststhatwhistlinglanguageisprocessedinbothhemispheres.OrganCivelek,37,whocanwhistleinfullsentences,explainedthattheyareveryproudoftheirlinguisticcustomandwanttoshareitwithvisitors.Since1997,KuskoyvillagehasbeenhostinganannualBirdLanguage,CultureandArtFestival,wherethecommunitygatherstopracticeandcompete.Whiletechnologyiscontributingtothelanguage'sdisappearance,itisalsobeingusedbysometopreserveit.Mr.Civelek,whoteachesbirdlanguagetochildrenduringthesummer,usesanapplicationcalled"IslikDiliSozlugu,"orwhistlinglanguagedictionary.＂Youcanloseorbreakaphone,butaslongasyoucanbreathe,youcanwhistle,"saidMr.Civelek."It'sacommunicationtoolthatyoucanbringwithyouanywhere."32.Beforecellphones,whatdidTurkishfarmersmainlyusekusdilitodo?A.Talkwithwildbirds.B.Greetrespectableguests.C.Speakwithpeoplefaraway.D.Warnfarmanimalsofrisks.33.WhatmightbeconcludedbasedonthestudyconductedinKuskoy?13/13A.Therighthemisphereinterpretssounds.B.Whistlinglanguageisn'tuniquetoTurkey.C.Brainstructuresprocessinglanguagearen'tfixed.D.Thelefthemispherehelpsusunderstandconversations.34.WhichofthefollowingcanbestconveyMr.Civelek'sopinionontechnology?A.Misfortunesnevercomealone.B.Everycoinhastwosides.C.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.D.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.35.Whatismainideaofthetext?A.PeopleinTurkeywhistlemoreandtalkless.B.Youmayloseaphone,butneveratradition.C.PeopleinTurkeykeepalanguageofwhistlesalive.D.Cellphonescanconnectyoutotheworld,butnotaheart.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LearningtoGivePraisetoOthersWordsofpraise,whenusedright,canhavepowerfulpositiveeffectsonothers.Theyarefree,butthey'reworthsomuchtothereceivingperson.36Yourmembersdidn'tfollowyoubecauseofsalariesbutformorealtruistic(利他的）reasons.Therefore,itisimportantthatyougivethemthepraisethatisduefortheirefforts.37Don'tsay,"Youlookgoodtoday."Whenyoucouldhavesaid,"Youlookamazingtoday!"Don'tsay,"Thanksforyoureffort."Insteadsay,"I'msothankfulforyourbeingonthisproject;wecouldn'thavefinisheditwithoutyou!"13/13Ofcourse,withallthatIhavementionedabove,besurethatit'scomingfromyourheart.38Don'tpraiseifyoudon'thaveahintofappreciationfortheperson.Trustme,itwillshowinyoureyesandtheotherpartywillfeelupset.Insincerepraiseisflattery(恭维）；youseektogainsomethingfromsayinggoodthingsabouttheotherperson.Besides,praisinginpublicisratherimportant.39Whenyoupraiseapartnerinpublic,youlifthimupandhisconductforeveryoneintheroomtosee.Lookforopportunitieswhereyoucanpubliclycelebratethehardworkofcertainpeopleandmakethemfeeltheyaregreat.Ibelievethatasyoubeginusingthesecommunicationtipsandpraisingpeoplearoundyou,you'llseeachangeintheatmosphereofyourworkenvironment.40Eventually,you'llfindyourselfwithamoreeffectiveteam!A.Soyouneedtobesincereinpraise.B.Thisismoresoinvoluntaryorganizations.C.Peoplewillbecomehappierandsmilemore.D.Itismuchmoreeffectivethanpraiseinprivate.E.Rememberthatmeasuredpraiseisnopraiseatall.F.Wordsaren'talwaysnecessarywhenpraisingothers.G.Thebestwaytoteachkidshowtopraiseothersisbybeinganexample.第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分35分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasenviousofmyfriendswhogottostayatschoolforlunch.They41thesamethingsasthecharactersinourfavouriteTVshows.Themealsweateathomeweredifferent.Oneday,aclassmateaskedwhatIateforlunch.I42,feelinglikeI'dbeencaught.Likemostdays,we'dhadfriedrice."Sandwiches,"Ilied.MyfacefelthotasIturnedaway,43shewouldn'taskanythingmore.Still,therewasonedayoftheyearwhenMommadean44andwewereallowedtostayatschoolforlunch.Everyyear,therewasChineseDayatthecafeteriato45ChineseNewYear."Theschoolishonoringourheritage,"Momwouldsay.ThefirstChineseDaylunchIcan46waswhenIwas13/13aboutsix.Ihad47thisdayforweeks.Whenthebellrangforlunch,Irushedtothecafeteria.AsIstoodinline,Iimaginedthe48they'dhavewaitingforus.Therewouldbe49,surely-everyChineseNewYearmealincludedfish.IcouldexplaintomyfriendswhatMomhadtoldus:howthe50for“fish"inChinesesoundedlikeanotherwordmeaningabundance.Therewouldbe.chicken,too,probablywiththeheadstillon,becauseawholechickenforChineseNewYear51wholeness.Thelinewasslowlymovingforwarduntil52itwasmyturn.ThecafeteriaworkerpassedmemyplateandIlookeddown.Ibarely53anything.AllIdidwassitthere,confused.Theycalledthis"Chinese"lunch,sowhyhadInever54itbefore?Thosefirstfewbites,Irealizedlater,weremy55toChinese-Canadiancuisine.41.A.ateB.mixedC.keptD.bought42.A.quitB.frozeC.fellD.changed43.A.figuringB.agreeingC.hopingD.regretting44.A.excuseB.exceptionC.impressionD.appointment45.A.createB.saveC.celebrateD.guide46.A.rememberB.discoverC.orderD.serve47.A.putupwithB.lookedoutforC.comeupwithD:lookedforwardto48.A.programmeB.mealC.seatD..guest49.A.chickenB.beefC.baconD.fish50.A.priceB.searchC.needD.word51.A.combinedB.representedC.describedD.predicted52.A.immediatelyB.usuallyC.finallyD.recently53.A.improvedB.understoodC.observedD.recognized54.A.seenB.missedC.usedD.read55.A.introductionB.solutionC.instructionD.application第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。13/13TherearemanyidiomsinEnglish,quiteafewof56.__________comefromtheBible.＂Killthefattedcalf"comesfromastorywhereasonlefthometowasteallofhistimeandmoneyinamusing57._____（he).58.________（spend)everypennyofhismoneyandbeenreducedto59.__________（hire)himselfouttofeedpigs,herealizedthathehadbeenafooland60.__________（go)home.Inhonorofhisreturn,hisfatherkilledandcookedacalfsothattheycouldhaveafeast.Therefore,weoftensay"killthefattedcalf"whenwehavealarge61.____________（celebrate).62.__________（study)idiomscanhelpimproveourcomprehensionanddevelopahighlevelofcompetenceinourcommunicationskills.Whenwehave63._________thoroughunderstandingofEnglishidiomsandtheir64._________（origin),wecaneven65.___________（well)understandandappreciatethehistoryandculturesofEnglish-speakingcountries,becauseidiomsarecarriersofhistoryandculture.第三节单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）请认真阅读下列各题，根据所给中文提示或首字母，写出1个语义通顺语法正确的单词。66.Despitethefactthattheyareidenticaltwins,theyhavequitedifferentp_____________Oneisshyandfriendlywhiletheotherisbraveandaggressive.67.Aminib______________gardenfullofplants,treesandflowersisdesignedforchildrentoexperiencethebeautyofnature.68.Peoplewithsevereallergicr_______________shouldstoptakingthismedicineandinformyourdoctorwithoutdelay.69.Temporaryh_____________（住房，住宅）thatwassetupforthosetyphoonsurvivorscollapsedaftertheearthquake.70.Bythistimemygrandmawasinherninetiesandneededhelpmoreandmore____________（频繁地，经常）。13/13第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华，你校将举办“年轻人的教育”英语主题演讲比赛。请你写一篇参赛演讲稿，内容包括：1.教育对于年轻人的重要性；2.如何帮助贫困地区的学生接受教育。注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Respectedteachersanddearfriends,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanksforlistening.第二节读后续写（满分20分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。＂Makesureyoubringyourschoolworkhome,"MotherhadtoldShawnonFriday.Shawnhadknownwhatthatmeant.Theiceontheriverwasnolongersafeforhissnowmobile,anditwouldbemanyweeksbeforetheicemeltedenoughtocrosstheriverbyboat.Shawnwasthinkingthatifhecouldn'tgotoschool,maybehecoulddrivehissnowmobileintothemountains.13/13Suddenly,Mothergraspedhersidewithbothhands,herfacepale.Shawnhurriedtowardher.＂Mystomach..."shemoaned(呻吟）。ShawnhelpedMothersitonthefloor.Beforehecouldreachthetelephonetocallfortheambulanceorthehovercraft-thefiredepartment'sice-rescuevehicle-herememberedthatlastweek'sicestormhadcutoffthephonelines.＂I'llgetyoutothehospital,Mother,"Shawnwhispered."Don'tworry."ButShawnwasworried.Howcouldhegethertothehospital?Thesnowmobilewasn'tsafe.Suddenly,anideastruckhim-maybehecouldusetheboat.＂Wecan'tcrosstheriver,Shawn,"hismotherwhispered."Theiceistoothin."Butshestilllethimhelpherintotheboat.ThenherememberedthatFatheralwaysbroughtachisel(凿子）andasledgehammer(长柄大锤）ontheiceinthewinter.Sohefoundthemandplacedthemnexttohismother.Cautiously,Shawnpushedtheboatontotheice.Theboatslidmoreeasilythanhehadexpectedonthewater-coveredice.Shawnpushedandpushed,thoughhisarmssoonachedandhislegsweresore.Hewasn'tfarfromtheothersideoftheriver,whenhenoticedtwomendrillingafishingholenexttotheshore.Justthen,withaloudcrack,thefrontpartoftheboatbrokethroughtheice.Shawntookaquickstepawayfromtheboat,hisarmsshakingwithtiredness.ThemenwereshoutingatShawn,wavingamobilephone,butthewindblewtheirwordsaway.Shawnwasverynervous.Thenheremembered-thechisel!Hecoulduseitasalever(杠杆）。Shawnreachedforthechisel.Hismotherpassedhimthechiselandthesledgehammer.Paragraph1:Workingquickly,Shawnsoonhadthechiselfirmlyhammeredintotheice.Paragraph2:Shawnstaredatthewhitewallsofthehospitalwaitingroom.13/1313/13
