会宁一中2022届高三英语第一次月考试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhenitcomestopurchasingyourfirstbike,thechoiceisendless,makingittoughtoknowwhattogofor.Herearethethebestbuysonthemarketrightnow.1.BoardmanCXCompThisisacross-countrybike,andit’ssomultifunctionalthatyoucanhandleanyterrain(地势)onit,makingitagreatchoiceforthosewantingtotryvariouscyclingsubjects.Ifyouleaveonthethicktiresitcomeswith,itcanrideonvariouspathsandcanevenhandlesomelessdemandingmountainbikeroutes.Alternatively,putonthin,smoothtiresandtreatitasaroadbike.IthasabasketandcomeswithShimanoSoragears(变速器),whichareoutstandingforitsprice.&650,Halfords2.PlanetXRT-58v2PlanetXisbasedinYorkshire,whichmeansyou’dprobablyhavetobuythisbikewithoutseeingit.Butit’sworthit,becausethisisanexcellentmachineatalowerprice.PlanetXisahighlyratedmanufactureandthismodelcomeswithShimanoSoragearing.&585,PlanetX3.SpecializedAllezESSpecializedisoneofthebiggestandmostpopularbrandsincycling,andthisisitshugelypopularprimaryroadbike.Itcomeswithsolidcomponentsfromfronttobackandyou’lllookgreatoutontheroad.&575,EvansCycles4.BoardmanRoadTeamCarbonIfyoucanpushyourbudgetfurtherstill,thisbikeisworththeextrainvestment.Theframeismadeentirelyfromcarbon,whichislighter,fasterand23\nmorecomfortablethanthecompositionmetalmodelsaboveandgivesyouanall-roundmoreenjoyableride.Italsomeansthatifyougetreallyseriousaboutcycling,youdon’thavetoupgradeasquicklyasyouwouldwithacheaperbike.&800,Halfords1.WhatisspecialaboutBoardmanCXComp?A.ItsShimanoSoragearsB.ItsvariousfunctionsC.ItsreasonablepriceD.Itsfirmtires2.WhichonehasthelowestpricebutwithShimanoSoragears?A.PlanetXRT-58v2B.SpecializedAllezE5C.BoardmanCXCompD.BoardmanRoadTeamCarbon3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebikesmentionedinthetext?A.PlanetXRT-58v2hasbeensoldoutsofarB.BoardmanCXCompisactuallyamountainbikeC.SpecializedAllezE5isdesignedforseniorcyclistsD.BoardmanRoadTramCarbonismadebyspecialmaterials【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了四款自行车的性能、特色及价格。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中it'ssomultifunctionalthatyoucanhandleanyterrainonit可知，自行车是多功能的自行车可以在任何路况下骑行。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。题干问的是哪款自行车价低并且带有变速器。根据第二段最后一句和第三段最后一句可知，带有变速器的只有BoardmanCXComp和PlanetXRT-58v2这两款车。这两款车中价更低的是PlanetXRT-58V2。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Theframeismadeentirelyfromcarbon可知，这款车的框架是用炭做成的，比上文中的另三款车更轻更快更舒适，也就是说,这款车是用特殊材料做成的。故选D。23\n【点睛】考生在做这类型的阅读理解题时可以先读题，再读短文这样会节省时间。BWhodecidedthatbluejeansandT-shirtsare“cool”forkidstoweartoday?Whodesignstheclothesyouseeforsaleinstores?Allofthesequestionsconcerntheworldoffashion.Fashionreferstothestylesofdressthatarecurrentlypopular.Fashiongoesbeyondjustclothes,though.It’simportantforsomepeopletowearonlythelatestfashionsandstyles.Forothers,though,keepingupwithtrendsisn’tthatimportant.Theonethingthatstaysthesamewithfashionisthis:italwayschanges!Inthe1960sand1970s,hippiesmadebell-bottomedbluejeanspopular.Inthe1980s,MichaelJacksonmadeparachutepants(降落伞裤)allthefashion.Nowtrytofindtheseitemsintoday’sclothingstores!Whydofashionschange?Theanswerisprobablyassimpleasthefactthatpeoplechange.Overtime,thenewreplacestheold.Peopleareinfluencedgreatlybypopularculture,includingathletes,musicians,moviestars,aswellaspopularfilms,televisionshows,booksandmusic.Wearealsoinfluencedbythefashionindustry’sadvertising.Thestarsofpopularculturearealwayssearchingforanewangletomaintain(保持)theirpopularity.Oftenthesenewanglescomeintheformofnewclothingorhairstyles.Whenpeopleseethesenewstyles,theyoftenwanttoimitatetheirfavoritestars.Todoso,theyseekoutthelatestfashionstomakethemselveslooklikethepeopletheywanttoimitate.Inthisway,fashionsevolveandchangeovertime.Foryears,clotheshavebeenusedtoseparatepeopleintogroups.Eventoday,brand-nameclothingthatismoreexpensivethanothertypesofclothingcanbeusedbysomepeopletodistinguishthemselvesfromothers.Unfortunately,thiscanoftenhavetheeffectofdistancingcertaingroupsfromothers.Don’tforgetthatit’salwaysOKtodevelopyourownsenseofstylethatisuniqueandseparatefromwhatthefashionworlddetermines!Staytruetoyourselfandletyourpersonality—notyourclothes—speakforwhoyouare!23\n4.Theexamplesofbell-bottomedbluejeansandparachutepantsinParagraph3suggestthat_____.A.fashionalwayschangesB.starsarealwaysinfluentialC.peoplehavedifferentdressingstylesD.hippiesandMichaelJacksonaregooddesigners5.Fashionschangemainlybecause_____.A.advertisementschangerapidlyB.popularcultureinfluencespeopleC.moviestarsarechangingovertimeD.newfilmsandshowsreplacetheold6.Inthelastparagraph,theauthormainlywantstostress_____.A.theadvantagesofstayinguniqueB.thebadeffectsoffollowingfashionC.thegoodinfluencesofpopularstylesD.theimportanceofhavingone’sownpersonality7.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat_____.A.fashionisallaboutclothesB.theauthorhasgoneoutoffashionC.clothesmayseparateanddistancepeopleD.peoplelikeimitatingothers’dressingstyle【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】试题分析：本文是议论文。作者主要说明了时尚为什么随着时间而改变。【4题详解】A。推理判断题。由第二段中的Theonethingthatstaysthesamewithfashionisthis:italwayschanges可知，第三段中的两个例子都在说明：时尚总在变化。故选A。【5题详解】B。细节理解题。由第四段中的Peopleareinfluencedgreatlybypopularculture和第五段的描述可知，时尚在不断变化的原因是流行文化对人的影响极大。故选B。23\n【6题详解】D。推理判断题。由最后一段中的Don'tforgetthatit'salwaysOKtodevelopyourownsenseofstyle...Staytruetoyourselfandletyourpersonality—notyourclothes—speakforwhoyouare可知，作者主要说明了要有自己独特的时尚感，并且要保持个性。故选D。【7题详解】C。推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的clotheshavebeenusedtoseparatepeopleintogroups和最后一段中的thiscanoftenhavetheeffectofdistancingcertaingroupsfromothers可知，衣服可以把人分成不同的群体，也可以让不同群体之间的人疏离。故选C。【名师点拨】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,concludeindicate等标志性词语。这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。比如，第34小题，D。推理判断题。由最后一段中的Don'tforgetthatit'salwaysOKtodevelopyourownsenseofstyle...Staytruetoyourselfandletyourpersonality—notyourclothes—speakforwhoyouare可知，作者主要说明了要有自己独特的时尚感，并且要保持个性。故选D。考点：考查议论文阅读CScientistshavesolvedthemysteryofwhytheoverwhelmingmajorityofmammothfossils(化石)aremale.Muchlikewildelephantstoday,youngmaleIceAgemammothsprobablytravelledaroundaloneandmoreoftengotthemselvesintoriskysituationswheretheyweresweptintorivers,orfellthroughiceorintomud,lakesorsinkholesthatpreservedtheirbonesforthousandsofyears,scientistssay.Females,ontheotherhand,travelledingroupsledbyanoldermatriarchwho23\nknewthelandscapeanddirectedhergroupawayfromdanger."Withoutthebenefitoflivinginaherdledbyanexperiencedfemale,malemammothshadamuchhigherriskofdyinginnaturaltrapssuchasmudholes,rockcracksandlakes,"saidco-authorLoveDalenoftheSwedishMuseumofNaturalHistoryinareportpublishedonThursdayinthejournalCurrentBiology.Thestudyusedgeneticdatatodeterminethesexof98woollymammothfossilsinSiberiaResearchersfoundthat69%ofthesamplesweremale,aheavilyunbalancedsexratio,assumingthatthesexeswerefairlyevenatbirth."Wewereverysurprisedbecausetherewasnoreasontoexpectasexbiasinthefossilrecord,"saidfirstauthorPatriciaPecnerova,alsooftheSwedishMuseumofNaturalHistory.Therefore,researchersbelievethatsomethingaboutthewaytheylivedinfluencedthewaytheydied.Mostbones,tusks,andteethfrommammothsandotherIceAgeanimalshaven'tsurvived,"explainedDalen."ItishighlylikelythattheremainsthatarefoundinSiberiathesedayshavebeenpreservedbecausetheyhavebeenburied,andthusprotectedfromweathering."Thesegiant,tuskedplanteatersdisappearedabout4,000yearsago.Whilethereisnoscientificagreementaboutthecausesoftheirdisappearancefromtheplanet,mostbelievethatclimatechange,excessivehuntingbyhumansandthespreadofotheranimalsintomammothfeedinggroundswereinfluentialfactors.8.Theunderlinedword"matriarch"inparagraph3means_______.A.figureheadB.femaleleaderC.experiencedanimalD.maturemammoth9.Whydothemajorityofmammothfossilscomefrommaleanimals?A.Scientistsfinditeasiertostudymalefossilizedbones.B.ThereweremoremalemammothsincomparisontofemalesC.Malemammothswerebetterabletoadapttothechangingcircumstances.D.Malemammothsmorefrequentlydiedinplaceswherefossilscouldform.10.Whichofthefollowingissuggestedasareasonformammothsdyingout?A.Theincreasingcompetitionforfood.B.Thecoolingoftheearth'stemperature.23\nC.Thedisappearanceofmalemammoths.D.Theriskybehaviourofyoungermammoths.11.Whatisthetexttypeofthepassage?A.Anewspaperarticle.B.Anacademicessay.C.Ahistoricaldescription.D.Asciencefictionstory.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了科学家们做了一项研究调查揭开了mammoth化石大部分是雄性的原因，并且还指出mammoth灭绝的可能性原因。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，雌性动物成群迁徙，肯定是在年老的“雌性领队”的带领下迁徙的，这头“领队动物”对环境更了解，能带领团队避开危险。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。题干问的是为什么大多数的mammoth这种动物化石都是雄性的。根据第二段可知雄性常常单独行动，因此而使自己陷入困境而丧失生命，这困境常常是形成化石的一种条件。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。题干问的是下列哪一项是文章暗示出的这种动物灭绝的一种原因。根据最后一段Whilethereisnoscientificagreementaboutthecausesoftheirdisappearancefromtheplanet,mostbelievethatclimatechange,excessivehuntingbyhumansandthespreadofotheranimalsintomammothfeedinggroundswereinfluentialfactors可知,其它动物抢走mammoth的食物也是这种动物从地球上消失的一个因素;也就是说：对食物竞争的日益激烈是其灭绝的一种原因。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。题干问的是本篇文章的语篇类型是什么。根据第一段Scientistshavesolvedthemysteryof...和第五段Thestudyusedgeneticdatatodetermine...以及最后一段可以看出:该文揭示了mammoth化石大部分是雄性的原因，所以这是刊登在报纸上的一篇文章。不属于B项意为“学术论文”;C项意为“描述历史”;D项意为“科幻小说”。故选A。【点睛】23\n学生学会分析句子成分有利于提高阅读速度和做题的正确率，如第二题，其证据信息在第二段。youngmalemammothprobablytraveledaroundaloneandmoreoftengotthemselvesintoriskysituations是主句;wheretheyweresweptintorivers,orfellthroughiceorintomud,lakesorsinkholes是定语从句修饰先行词situations;thatpreservedtheirbonesforthousandsofyears是定语从句修饰先行词riversice,mud,lake和sinkholes。Muchlikewildelephantstoday作状语。DIt‟snosecretthatAmericaninfrastructureisaging.Concrete(混凝土)structures,inparticular,areindesperateneedofrepair.Cracks(缝隙)areverycommonduetovariouschemicalandphysicalphenomenathatoccurduringeverydayuse,whichcanbequiteharmfulastheyprovideaneasyrouteinforliquidsandgassesandtheharmfulsubstancestheymightcontain.Butcontinuousrepairworkisdifficultbecauseitusuallyrequiresahugeamountoflaborandinvestment.Sosince2022,I‟vebeentryingtofigureouthowtheseharmfulcrackscouldhealthemselveswithouthumaninvolvement.Theideawasoriginallyinspiredbytheamazingabilityofthehumanbodytohealitselfofcuts,bruisesandbrokenbones.Inthesameway,canweprovidenecessaryproductstoconcretetofillincrackswhendamagehappens?MycolleaguesfromBinghamtonUniversityandIhavefoundanunusualcandidatetohelpconcretehealitself:afungus(真菌)calledTrichodermareesei.Weinitiallyscreenedabout20differentspeciesoffungiinordertofindonethatcouldstandthedifficultconditionsinconcrete.Ofallthefungiwetested,onlyT.reeseicouldsurvivethisenvironment.DespitethesuddenPHincrease,itsspores(孢子)developedintothreadlikethingsandgrewequallywellwithorwithoutconcrete.Weproposeincludingfungalspores,togetherwithnutrients,duringtheinitialmixingprocesswhenbuildinganewconcretestructure.Whentheunavoidablecrackingoccursandwaterfindsitswayin,thesleepingfungalsporeswillstarttogrow.Theythenwillworkasanactivatorwithinthecalcium-richconditionsoftheconcretetopromoteprecipitation(析出)ofcalciumcarbonatecrystals.Thesemineraldepositscanfillinthecracks.Ifcracksformagainandenvironmentalconditionsbecomefavorable,thesporescouldwakeupandrepeattheprocess.23\nOurresearchisstillintheinitialstageandthere’salongwaytogotomakeself-healingconcretepracticalandcost-effective.ButthescopeofAmericaninfrastructure’schallengesmakesexploringcreativesolutionslikethisworthwhile.12.Whydoestheauthormentiontheself-healingofhumanbody?A.Toshowhowamazinghumanbodyis.B.Toproveeverythingwillturnouttobefine.C.Toprovideapossibilityofconcretehealingitself.D.Tostressthatit’sunnecessarytohavemedicines.13.WhatdoweknowaboutT.reesei?A.Ithasbeenappliedtobuildinganewconcrete.B.Itcanbearthetoughconditionsinconcrete.C.Itssporeswillbeuselessafteronerepair.D.Itposespotentialriskstoenvironment.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.ThechallengesofAmericaninfrastructure.B.Theresearchonself-healingconcrete.C.Theprocessofcracking.D.Thepromotionofspores.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDangerofCracksB.TheAgingofAmericanInfrastructureC.TheMostPowerfulFungusD.ConcreteFillingItsOwnCracks【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述美国基础设施的老龄化，混凝土出现裂缝。作者和同事通过测试发现了一种真菌，能使裂缝自己愈合。作者认为虽然该项研究还是初始阶段，还有很长的路要走，但是面对美国基础设施的现状，觉得这一研究是很值得的。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Since2022,Ihavebeentryingtofigureouthowtheseharmfulcrackscouldhealthemselveswithouthumaninvolvenment...whendamage23\nhappens?可知，作者受人类自愈功能的灵感的激发，产生了要调查清楚混凝土缝隙在没有人类的作用下怎样自愈的，故作者提到人类自愈是为了证明混凝土缝隙有可能会自愈。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Ofallthefungiwetested,onlyT.reeseicouldsurvivetheseenvironment可知，所有20种不同类型的真菌中，只有T.reesei能经受得住混凝土中的艰苦条件。故选B。【14题详解】代词指代题。根据最后一段中thereisalongwaytogotomakeself-healingconcretepracticalandcost-effective.ButthescopeofAmericaninfrastructure'schallengesmakesexploringcreativesolutionslikethisworthwhile可知，虽然让混凝土自愈（这一研究项目）达到实用化和有成本效益化还有很长的路要走，但是美国的大范围的基础设施老龄化，让（有创造性的）探索（此类解决办法）很值得，故可推知“this”指的是“混凝土自愈的研究”。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是面对美国基础设施的老龄化混凝土出现裂缝，作者和同事通过测试发现了一种真菌，能使缝隙自己愈合。A项意为“缝隙的威胁”;B项意为“基础设施的老龄化”;C项意为“最强大的一种真菌”;D项意为“混凝土自愈缝隙”。故选D。【点睛】1.本篇阅读理解题，生词量较大，考生要有耐心。要记着：生词量越大，题往往越容易做对，考生要做的就是耐心去读文章。2.在阅读理解设计问题中，有一种换词现象，如第二题中的B项，原文在第三段第三行（用的是stand），选项中换成了bear，这要求考生在课下一定要认真积累同义词。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoovercomechallengesinyourlifeWeallfacetoughanddifficultchallengesinlife.Toovercomechallengesyouneedtohavethat“neverquit”attitudeinlife.Ifyoudevelopit,you’llovercomequiteabit.Motivateyourself.Say“YES,ICAN.”Thechallengeshouldbringoutthebest23\nofyouinthissituation.Slowitdown,andthinkthatprocessthrough.___16___ Ifyoudevelopthatmindset(心态),you’llgetitdone.____17____ Remaincalmwhenyou’refacingserioustroublesandproblemsinlife.Youhavetorecollectyourself,andcalmdown.Youcan’tsolveproblemswhenyou’repanicking.Takeadeepbreath,relax,andslowitdown.Thinkthingsthroughcalmly.Letfailureandfearfuelyouinapositiveway.Everyonefailsattimes.Ifyoufailthefirst,second,orthirdtime,don’tgiveup. ____18____Learnwhatmadeyoufailatovercomingthesechallenges.Simplifythechallengeyou’refacing.Makethechallengeeasierthanitis.___19___ Asyougetthrougheachstep,youdevelopmoreconfidenceandyoubelieveyoucangetitdone,andthenyouwill.Staypositiveandconfident.____20____ Youhavetofindoutallthewaysyoucanusetoovercomeit,andputthemtofullusewithallyoureffort.It’sourownmentalstabilitythat’sthedifficultpart.Whenyoudoitmentally,you’llactuallybeabletodoit.A.Staycalmandcoolheaded.B.Thinkthebest,nottheworst.C.Startbybreakingitdownintosteps.D.Toovercomeachallenge,youhavetobelieveyoucanreallydoit.E.Mostpeoplewillavoidanychallenge,becausethey’rescaredoffailing.F.Developthatconfidenceinsayingthere’snowayyou’regoingtofailatthis.G.Pickyourselfup,andlearnfromwhyyou’vefailed,andmoveoninapositivedirection.【答案】16.F17.A18.G19.C20.D【解析】试题分析：人生中我们会不断面临挑战，怎样克服挑战，作者给了我们一些具体的建议。【16题详解】23\nF考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲要激励自己，要对自己说我能行，不要着急，发挥最好的自己。如果有这种心态事情就能成功。F项“用这种方法来增加自信就不会失败。”连接前后，承上启下，故选F。【17题详解】A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要讲遇事要冷静及具体实施办法。A项“保持镇静头脑冷静。”能概括全段内容适合作为标题，故选A。【18题详解】G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲用积极的态度面对失败。上句讲失败几次也不要放弃。G项“重新爬起，从失败中学习然后朝着积极的方向前行。”与上句连接，告诉了我们具体办法，故选G。【19题详解】C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本空前面讲“简化面对的挑战。使困难变容易些”，空格后面讲“当通过每一步的时候你就会有更大的信心相信自己能行，你就会成功。”故C项“从把挑战分解成小的步骤开始。”连接前后，故选C。【20题详解】D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲要保持积极的态度和信心。下文讲要找到解决问题的方法，用头脑全力以赴去解决问题。D项“为了战胜挑战你必须相信你能行。”符合本段意思且连接前后，故选D。考点：考查对文章的整体理解和上下文逻辑关系的把握。【名师点睛】关于七选五的做题步骤：1、通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题有重要意义。23\n2、详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词，关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组）、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。3、定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。4、通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。5、确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。第二部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inmysecondyearofhighschool,Imettheanthropology(人类学)teacher,Mr.Croft.Ididn’tknowanythingaboutanthropology,soIneversignedupforMr.Croft’sclass.___21___,thisdidn’tstophimfrompositively___22___ mylife.Mr.Croftwasa___23___ twenty-fourhoursaday—afterschool,beforeschool,andinandoutofhis___24___.Mr.CroftinspiredandtaughteverystudentatEastHigh,___25___ me.Heoften___26___ metobecomeallIcouldpossiblybe.HowcouldIpossibly___27___ Mr.Croft?AfterIgraduatedfromhighschool,Ihadanopportunityto___28___ footballforthirteen-year-olds.Togetafeelfortheboys’___29___,Ihadeachofthemrunoutfora___30___.Iwantedtoseewhocouldrun,catchandthrowsoIcould23\n___31___ ateaminmymind.Twodaysintopractice,atallkidappearedonthefield.Hegotin___32___,andwhenheranoutforapass,Ithrewtheball.Ithithimsquareinthe___33___.Hepickedupthe___34___ andranitbacktome.ItcametimeforhissecondpassandI___35___ himintheheadagain.Withhisnosebleedingandhislipswelling,he___36___ theball,raceditbacktome,andgotbackinline.LaterIgottoknowthathewasthesonofmyanthropologyteacher,TommyCroft.Iwas___37___.Hesaid,“I’mherebecauseIwanttoplayfootball.AndIpromise___38___ you’llhelpme,IknowIcandoit!”“Getbackinline,”Itoldhim.Here,atlast,wasmy___39___ tobeaMr.CrofttoaCroft.Herewasmychancetogivesomethingback.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,I___40___ themeaningof“aneducationalsystem”.Whatgoesaroundreallydoescomearound!21.A.BesidesB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Therefore22.A.controllingB.influencingC.savingD.supporting23.A.teacherB.workerC.helperD.director24.A.officeB.bedroomC.homeD.classroom25.A.directlyB.especiallyC.simplyD.eventually26.A.encouragedB.askedC.persuadedD.reminded27.A.repayB.forgetC.refuseD.respect28.A.playB.coachC.followD.watch29.A.charactersB.courageC.abilitiesD.success30.A.showB.testC.passD.score31.A.joinB.trainC.manageD.organize32.A.wayB.lineC.teamD.competition33.A.chestB.backC.armD.head34.A.gloveB.hatC.ballD.sweater35.A.kickedB.knockedC.beatD.hit36.A.threwawayB.putasideC.pickedupD.gotback37.A.interestedB.touchedC.puzzledD.shocked23\n38.A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though39.A.aimB.dreamC.partD.chance40.A.understoodB.foundC.conveyedD.interpreted【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.A27.A28.B29.C30.C31.D32.B33.D34.C35.D36.C37.D38.B39.D40.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中讲述了作者上高中时经常受到Mr.Croft老师的鼓励，作者对恩施很感激，觉得无以回报恩师。毕业后作者训练了一批孩子踢足球，这群孩子当中其中一个就有恩师的儿子，作者很高兴有机会回报恩师。【21题详解】考查连词辨析。根据空前和空后信息，可知我从未报名参加Mr.Croft的课程，这并没有阻止他影响我的生活。此处上下句含有转折。A项意为：“除……之外还有”;B项意为：“否则，要不然”;C项意为：“然而，但是”;D项意为：“因此，所以”;故选C。【22题详解】考查动词辨析。根据下文Mr.CroftinspiredandtaughteverystudentatEastHigh可知，Mr.Croft老师是“影响”我的生活。A项意为：“控制”;B项意为：“影响”;C项意为：“节约”;D项意为：“支持”;故选B。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。根据第一段中Imettheanthropologyteacher可知Mr.Croft是名老师；故选A。【24题详解】考查名词辨析。该老师的影响是无时不在的（上学期间，放学期间，课上和课下）;故选D。【25题详解】考查副词辨析。每个学生都直接或间接的受到了Mr.Croft老师的影响。此处应是作者受到Mr.Croft的影响最大。A项意为：“直接地”;B项意为：“尤其是”;C项意为：“简单地”;D项意为：“最终地”;故选B。【26题详解】考查动词辨析。Mr.Croft肯定是常常鼓励作者要尽可能的成就自己。A项意为：“鼓励”;C23\n项意为：“劝服”;D项意为：“提醒”;故选A。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。根据下文可知作者最后成了Mr.Croft的儿子的教练回报了恩师。故在开始时作者自问：怎样才能回报恩师。A项意为：“回报”;B项意为：“忘记”;C项意为：“拒绝”;D项意为：“尊敬”;故选A。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。根据下段中Itcametimeforhissecondpass作者是在（对队员）进行过关测试，可知此处作者应是训练这些13岁的孩子。coachn.教练;长途公共汽车;vt.训练;指导.故选B。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。为了了解这些孩子的能力，作者让他们每一个人都进行过关测试。A项意为：“性格；人物”;B项意为：“勇气”;C项意为：“能力”;D项意为：“成功”;故选C。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。根据下一段中herunoutforapass可知,作者让队员进行过关测试;故选C。【31题详解】考查动词辨析。根据下段中herunoutforapass和Itcametimeforhissecondpass可知，作者组织过关测试目的是挑选人才以便组成队伍时（做到）心中有数。B项意为：“训练”;C项意为：“安排;管理”;D项意为：“组织”;故选D。【32题详解】考查名词辨析。根据本段最后一句gotbackinline可知答案。D项意为：“竞争”;故选B。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。根据本段中intheheadagain可知球击中头部。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词辨析。根据本段中的第16个空后的theball可知答案。A项意为：“手套”;B项意为：“帽子”;D项意为：“干衫”;故选C。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。根据本段中Ithithimsquareinthe可知是:再次击中头部。A项意为：“踢”;B项意为：“撞击”;C项意为：“击打”;D项意为：“击中”;故选D。23\n【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。根据本段中第14个空前的Hepickedupthe可知,他的第二次动作和第一次动作一样。A项意为：“扔掉”;B项意为：“放在一边”;C项意为：“捡起”;D项意为：“返回”;故选C。【37题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据空前信息可知，作者之前不知道这个高个男孩是Mr.Croft的儿子，所以作者（对他的儿子不气馁精神）很震惊。A项意为：“感兴趣的”;B项意为：“感动的”;C项意为：“迷惑的”;D项意为：“震惊的”;故选D。【38题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：我保证我能做到，如果你愿意帮助我;故选B。【39题详解】考查名词辨析。根据下句可知，此处表达的是作者有机会（像Mr.Croft老师鼓励我一样）鼓励Mr.Croft的儿子，以回报恩师;故选D。【40题详解】考查动词辨析。此处应表达的是作者在人生中首次明白了传承教育的意义。C项意为：“传达”;D项意为：“说明;口译”;故选A。【点睛】考生在做完形填空题时一定要注意上下文的连接，即：上文答案从下文找；下文答案从上文找。如：第10,12,13.14,15,16题。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。IstartedworkingasavolunteerfortheCityofSurreythissummer.IdidthisbecauseI'vealwaysenjoyed____41____(help)peopleinanywayIcan.IthoughtifIbecameavolunteerfortheCityofSurrey,Iwouldbeabletoachievethatgoal.AndbeingavolunteerfortheCityof Surrey____42____(real)helpedmebranchoutinmanydifferentdirections.Ivolunteeredover256hoursof___43___(serve)duringthesummerhelpingwithdaycamps,teendancesandsoon.Iworkedhardanddidmybesttoshoweveryonethatthisis____44____Ilovetodo.Istartedbytakingeverycourse____45____(offer)throughthevolunteerprogramandthenbegantoapplyforpaidpositions.BytheendofthesummerI____46____(hire)asadanceinstructor.WorkingfortheCityofSurreyhasprovided23\nmewithsomanyopportunities____47____wouldnothavepresentedthem-selvesanywhereelse.Igotawell-paidjobmuch____48____(early)thanIhadexpected.Iwas____49____(thank)thatIhadbeengiventhechance____50____(work)forsuchanamazingcityanddomyparttomakeitthebestitcanbe.【答案】41.helping42.really43.Service44.what45.offered46.hadbeenhired47.that/which48.earlier49.Thankful50.towork【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者今年暑假参加了志愿者工作，增强了多方面的能力，作者因此找到了报酬丰厚的工作。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我做志愿者工作，因为我喜欢帮助别人。enjoy后跟动名词作宾语。故填：helping.【42题详解】考查词性转换。句意：当一名志愿者真的在很多方面提高了我的能力。修饰动词需要用副词。故填：really.【43题详解】考查词性转换。句意：在整个暑假，我当志愿者干了256个小时的服务工作。of是介词后加名词或动名词，本空没有动词的含义，故不用动名词。故填service.【44题详解】考查连词。句意：我努力工作，尽力向人们展示，这是我喜欢做的事儿。that后面的句子是两句话，有两个谓语动词分别是is和love，故本空需填连词。空后的从句中缺宾语。故填what.【45题详解】23\n考查非谓语动词。句意：我开始参加志愿者项目所提供的每门课程，并且开始申请有报酬的工作岗位。and前的这句话中谓语动词是started,故本空需填非谓语动词，又因offer和course是动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填offered.【46题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：截止到暑假结束时，我就已经受雇用为一名舞蹈老师。bytheendof“截止到...时”谓语动词要用完成时;又因本文是叙述过去的事，故该用过去完成时并且使用被动。故填hadbeenhired.【47题详解】考查连词。句意：为theCityofSurrey工作给我提供了很多机会，这些机会在其他任何地点都不会自己出现的。由于有两个谓语部分别是：hasprovided和wouldnothavepresented.故可知这是两句话需要连词连接，后面句子缺主语，所缺的词指代opportunities.可知是定语从句。故填that/which.【48题详解】考查比较级。句意：我得到了报酬丰厚的工作，这比我原先所料想的更早。见到单词than就用比较级。故填earlier.【49题详解】考查词性转换。句意：我很感激，我被给了一个为这么迷人的城市工作的机会。was是系动词后用形容词作表语。故填thankful.【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。thechance后跟todo或ofdoing。故填towork.【点睛】考生要注意考查谓语动词的题。谓语动词的考查必定涉及到时态和语态。那么怎么判断是考查谓语动词呢？其实很简单就是根据“一句一谓语”原则；如第六题。时态要留意全文的主体时态；语态上要留意句子的主语和动词的关系。第三部分写作（共两节满分35）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。23\n注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearMr.Zhang,Knownthatourschoolisgoingtosetupelective(选修的)Englishcourses,I'dliketogivesomeadvices.EnglishVisual-Audio-OralCourseisagoodchoice.MostofusareinterestedatEnglishvideosandsongs,thatprovideuswithgreatimagesandbeautifulmusictolistento.Asresult,wecanenjoysomelocalcustomsandsingingEnglishsongswithjoy.Inaddition,weneedtoimproveouroralEnglish.WhenwearealwayslearningEnglish,wemaynotbeabletomakeafluentspeech.Wecan'teasycommunicatewithotherslikenativespeakers.ThatiswhyIsuggestedtakingaSpeechCourse.I'llbegladthatifyoucanconsidermysuggestions.YoursLiHua【答案】1.Knownthatourschool... Known→Knowing2....givesomeadvices. advices→advice3....areinterestedat... at→in4....thatprovideuswith... that→which5.Asresult... result前加a6....andsinging... singing→sing7.Whenwearealways... When→Although/Though/While8....wecan'teasycommunicate... easy→easily9....whyIsuggested... suggested→suggest10.I'llbegladthatif... 去掉that【解析】【分析】本文是一篇书信类应用文，学校要选修一门英语课，作者向老师建议选SpeechCourse并陈述了选修该门课程的原因。【详解】23\n第一处：考查非谓语动词。句意：知道我们学校要设一门选修课程，我想提一些建议。主语是I,故know该用现在分词作伴随状语表主动和进行。故Known改为Knowing.第二处：考查名词的可数和不可数。句意：同上。advice是不可数名词，故advices改为advice.第三处：考查固定搭配。beinterestedin“对……感兴趣”;故at改为in.第四处：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这些视频和歌曲给我们提供了漂亮的图片和优美的歌曲可以听。句前有逗号，故是非限定性定语从句。故that改为which.第五处:考查固定短语。asaresult“因此，所以”;故as后加A.第六处：考查动词。句意：我们既可以体验一些当地的风俗又可快乐的唱英语歌曲。and连接两个并列谓语动词。故singing改为sing.第七处：考查连。句意：虽然我们一直学英语，但是我们可能不会做流利的演讲。此句含有转折。故when改为though/although/while.第八处:考查副词。句意：我们不能像当地人一样很容易地与他人交流。修饰动词需用副词。故easy改为easily.第九处:考查时态。句意：这就是我推荐选修这门课的原因。本文主要是用一般现在。故suggested改为suggest.第十处：考查连词。句意：如果你接受了我的建议，我会很高兴的。if是连词，故连词that是多余的。故删掉that.第二节：书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是某国际学校高中生李华，最近你发现你校图书馆阅览室中存在高声喧哗和乱丢垃圾的现象。请用英语给馆长Mr.Smith写一封信，要点如下：1. 说明写信目的；2. 提出合理建议。注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 信的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。DearMr.Smith,IamLiHua,astudentfromClassFive,SeniorTwo.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________23\n__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforyourconsideration.Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearMr.Smith,IamLiHua,astudentfromClassFive,SeniorTwo. Iamwritingtodrawyourattentiontotwoimproperbehaviorsamongstudentsinthereadingroomsoftheschoollibrary:makingnoisesandlittering.Asyouknow,itisdifficultforreaderstofocuswhilesomestudentsarewhisperingtoeachotherormakingcellphonecalls.Besides,adirtyenvironmentisnotonlybadforourhealthbutalsohasanegativeeffectonourstudying.Therefore,inmyopinion,somemeasuresshouldbetakentosolvetheseproblems.First,putupsomesignswhichforbidsuchimproperbehaviors.Second,askallthestudentstopickuptheirrubbishwhentheyleave.Thankyouforyourconsideration.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【分析】23\n这是一篇提纲类应用文。文中要求给图书馆馆长写一封信。本文可分为三段：第一段表达写信的目的，图书馆中存在的现象以及这些不良现象的恶劣影响；第二段陈述建议；第三段表达（采纳）的谢意。【详解】表达学习的目的可以用I'mwritingto…；学校图书馆可以用theschoollibrary；不良行为可以用Improperbehavior；高声喧哗可以用makeloudnoise；乱丢垃圾可以用litterround；污染环境可以用pollute/destroytheenvironment；打扰学习可以用disturbsomebody；对……有害可以用bebadfor…；采取措施可以用takemeasurestodo…；禁止不良行为可以用forbidimproperbehaviors；拾起垃圾可以用pickuprubbish；投入垃圾箱可以用putitintodustbin。连词成句时要注意时态和语态，要尽量使用学过的非谓语动词、定语从句和名词性从句以及特殊句式；语态上也要灵活变动，这样才可使文章显得不单调。另外，还要多用连词使文章上下通顺，过渡自然。【点睛】本篇范文中要点齐全，思路清晰，行文流畅自然。文中使用了动名词短语makingnoisesandlittering；时间状语从句whilesomestudentsarewhisperingtoeachotherormakingcellphonecalls；定语从句whichforbidsuchimproperbehaviors等，somemeasuresshouldbetakentosolvetheseproblems作者改变了语态，使用了被动，使文章不再那么单一。文章还多处使用一些固定短语、连词等使文章紧密相连，成为一体。23
