东丽区2021-2022学年度第二学期高二英语期末质量监测试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共120分，考试时间100分钟，第Ⅰ卷1页至8页，第Ⅱ卷9页至10页。第I卷（共75分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichcityhasthewomanbeento?A.Paris.B.London.C.Amsterdam.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ah,Lucy,you’reback.Howwasyourweekendadventure?W:Fantastic,althoughtwodaysisn’treallylongenoughforParis.Itneedsatleastaweek.M:Iagree.IfeltthesamewaywhenIvisitedLondonandAmsterdamoveralongweekend.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchdotwoshirtscosttoday?A.$15.B.$20.C.$30.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Doyoustillhavethesaleonshirts?Twofor$20?M:No.Thatendedlastweek.Shirtsarebacktotheregularpriceof$15each.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepersonyesterday?A.Heissmart.B.Heiscareless.C.Heisbrave.\n【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Carefulwiththat,please.It’saveryexpensivepieceofscientificequipment.W:Iknow.I’mnottheonewhowascarelessyesterdayandbrokeaglasstopieces.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Helpthemanwithhisschoolproject.BContinuetodoherhomework.C.Dosomecleaning.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Momaskedmetocleanthefloorbeforesheleftforworkthismorning,butIneedtofinishmyschoolproject.Canyoudoit,Martha?W:Iguessso.Ijustfinishedmyhomework.Butyouhavetodoitnexttime.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Printers.B.Reports.C.Onlineshopping.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iwantedtoprintoutmyreportbuttheprinterranoutofink.I’veonlyjustfilleditbeforeusing.M:Someprintersarelikethat.Youcanorderanewoneonline.W:Actually,theoneIhaveathomeisn’tbad.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】\n6.Whydoesthemanrefusetoplaybadmintonatfirst?A.Hegothurt.B.HeisbusyonSunday.C.Heisnotgoodatit.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthebadmintonplayers?A.Theywillplayforthefirsttimethisweekend.B.Theyareallprofessionals.C.Theyarearelaxedgroup.8.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A.Jointhegame.B.Getintobettershape.C.Playadifferentsport.【答案】6.C7.C8.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Paul.IwaswonderingifyouwouldliketoplaybadmintonwithusonSundayafternoon.WeneedanotherpersonformixeddoublesandIthoughtyoumightenjoyit.M:Ohthanks,Grace.Itsoundsfun,butI’mreallyoutofshape.Besides,I’mnotgoodatitandIhaven’tplayedforyears.W:That’sallright.Wejustplaytomeetupwitheachother,haveachat,havesomefun,andgetalittleexercise.M:Really,I’llprobablyfeelawkwardinfrontofyourfriends.W:Don’tworryaboutit.We’renotprofessionals.We’dlovetohaveyouwithus,anditwouldbegreatifyou’dcomealongonSunday.Oneofthemenwhousuallyplayswithuswasinjuredduringthelastgame.M:Oh.Inthatcase,thenI’llseeyouonSunday.NowI’llhavetodigoutmyoldbadmintonequipment.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coachandathlete.\nB.Fatheranddaughter.C.Doctorandpatient.10.Whatdidthemansuggestthewomando?A.Gotothehospital.B.Takesomedaysoff.C.Changetoanothersport.11.Whatistheworldrecordforrunning400m?A.47seconds.B.47.6seconds.C.48seconds.【答案】9.A10.B11.B【解析】【原文】W:Sorry,thatwasapooreffort.M:You’llneedtorunfasterthanthat,ifyouwanttomakethe400mOlympicteam.W:Iknow.I’mtrying.M:Somethingonyourmind?W:Yeah,mydadisnotfeelingverywell.M:Whatdidthedoctorsay?W:Hewaspositive,butIdoubthe’llbeplayingfootballanytimesoonthough.M:Well,yourdadisstrong.He’llbefine.W:Thanks.M:Look,ifyourmindisn’tinthegame,whydon’tyoutakeacoupleofdaysofftraining?W:No,Ineedtokeepgoing.Iwanttomakemyfamilyproud.Iwanttogetthatgoldmedal.M:That’sthespirit.Okay,let’sseeifwecangetunder48seconds.W:Theworldrecordis47.6seconds.Let’saimfor47.M:Thisisthewinningattitudeyouneed.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】12.Whatwasthespeaker’sprobleminattendingauniversity?A.Hisparentsdidn’tsupporthim.B.Hewasn’tqualified.C.Hehadnomoney.13.Whatisthespeaker’slife-changingmoment?\nA.Whenhegotajob.B.Whenhereceivedascholarship.C.Whenhegraduatedfromuniversity.14.Whatisthespeaker’sjob?A.Amanagingdirector.B.Auniversitypresident.C.Aprofessor.15.Whatadvicedoesthespeakeroffer?A.Tomakeadifference.B.Tobedetermined.C.Togetajob.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【解析】【原文】M:It’sagreatpleasureformetobeabletostandbeforeyoutoday.ItissomethingthatI’veneverimagined20yearsago,eveninmywildestdreams.Icamefromapoorfamily,andwhenIfinishedhighschool,Ididn’tthinkI’dbeabletogotouniversity.Althoughmyparentssupportedme,theycouldn’taffordtheeducation.ButIkeptapplyingandfinally,Ifoundone—BentleyUniversity—thatwaspreparedtooffermeascholarship.Inowrealizethatwasthemomentmylifechanged.Withoutattendingthisuniversityandgettingmydegree,thereisnowayIwouldhavebeenabletogetajobataninternationalcompany,letalonebestandinghereasthemanagingdirectorofthecompany.Nowit’smygreathonortobebackatBentley,lookingatthefacesofsomanyeagermenandwomenwhoareanxioustogetoutthereandmakeadifference.Mymessagetoyouis:nevergiveup.Followyourwishesandworktoachieveyourgreatestdreams.Believeme,dreamscancometrue.I’msureofthat.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。16.—AreyougoingtoattendthelectureonChineseart?—________It’stoogoodanopportunitytomiss.A.Youdeserveit!B.Youbet.C.Whyme?D.Why\nbother?【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你要去听关于中国艺术的讲座吗？——一点没错。这个机会太好了，不能错过。A.Youdeserveit你活该；B.Youbet一点没错；C.Whyme为什么是我；D.Whybother没有必要。由“It’stoogoodanopportunitytomiss”可知，第二个说话人要去听这个讲座，空格处意为“一点没错”，故选B。17.Tommyisgifted.Bythetimehegraduated,he________jobsbyseveralcomputercompanies.A.hadbeenofferedB.hasbeenofferedC.hadofferedD.hasoffered【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：Tommy很有天赋。他毕业的时候，已经有好几家计算机公司给他提供工作。由“Bythetimehegraduated”可知，“提供工作”发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，且主语he和动词offer(提供)二者之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动，故选A。18.Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthan______insomelargerschools.A.thatB.oneC.itD.this【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词thequalityofeducation，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it,one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a／an＋名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指，相当于the＋名词，可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。19.Thenumberoffirmssellingcomputersinthisregion________sinceJanuary2012.A.aredroppingB.isdroppingC.havedroppedD.has\ndropped【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：自2012年1月以来，该地区销售电脑的公司数量已经下降。A.aredropping现在进行时，复数形式；B.isdropping现在进行时，单数形式；C.havedropped现在完成时，复数形式；D.hasdropped现在完成时，单数形式。根据句中时间状语sinceJanuary2012可知，谓语动词应使用现在完成时态，又因短语Thenumberof+n.作主语时视为单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式。综上，谓语动词应使用现在完成时态，单数形式。故选D项。20.Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain________.A.catchingB.caughtC.tocatchD.tobecaught【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。have在本句中意为“有”，根据固定结构Sbhavesthtodo某人有某事要做，在本句中todo由主语完成，故选C。【点睛】本句考查的是have的复合结构：have+宾语+非谓语，既是重点又是难点。对于have的复合结构，非谓语用什么形式，首先确定have的词义，是“有”还是“让”，have（有）+sthtodosth(由主语完成）；have（让）+宾语+do/doing/done(用哪种形式需要具体分析），所以要正确理解句意和本结构的具体用法，灵活掌握才能把题作对。21.Wewillputoffthehikinguntilnextweek,________theweathermaybebetter.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把徒步旅行推迟到下周，届时天气可能会好一些。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词nextweek，定语从句中做时间状语，应用关系副词when。故选B。22.________IwanttosharewithyouistherespectIhaveformyteachers.\nA.ThatB.WhichC.WhetherD.What【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我想和你们分享的是我对老师的尊重。引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情应用what引导。故选D。23.youstarteatinginahealthierway,weightcontrolwillbecomemucheasier.A.UnlessB.AlthoughC.BeforeD.Once【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：一旦你开始更健康的饮食，控制体重就会变得容易得多。A.unless除非；B.although尽管；C.before在……之前；D.once一旦。unless相当于ifnot，引导条件状语从句；although引导让步状语从句，不能和but连用；before引导时间状语从句；once引导具有条件意味的时间状语从句。故选D。24.________volcanoesformanyyears,Iamstillamazedattheirbeauty.A.TostudyB.StudyingC.HavingstudiedD.Studied【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我已经研究火山很多年了，但是我仍然对它们的美感感到惊讶。空处是非谓语动词做状语，动词study(研究)和逻辑主语I二者之间是主动关系，且“我研究火山很多年”发生在“我对它们的美感感到惊讶”之前，应用现在分词的完成式havingdone，故选C。25.Ican’tfindmypurse.I________itinthesupermarketyesterday,butI’mnotsure.A.shouldleaveB.couldhaveleftC.mightleaveD.musthaveleft【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+have\ndone，再根据后句butI’mnotsure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选B。第二节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）Wearesousedtothebeautyoftrees,plantsandflowersthatwemayeventakeitforgrantedwithoutrealizinghowmuchinspirationithasgivenus.Forinstance,anopenflowermightmakeusthinkhow___26___itresemblesanumbrella.It’snaturaltothinkinthisway,butactuallyitistheflowerthatinspirestheumbrella.Naturehasinspiredmanyofthemostfascinatingdesignsaroundus,thoseinarchitectureincluded.Today,architectscontinueto___27___waystocapturethebeautyofnaturalforms,tomimicthewaynature___28___oreventomakenaturalorganismspartofabuilding.Peoplewhoseinterestisexploringthe___29___betweenartandsciencewillenjoySingapore’sArtScienceMuseum.Itis___30___toresemblealotusflowerwhosefloorcollectsrainwaterandthenrecyclesitthroughtheplumbingsystem.Visitorsareoften___31___tofindthemselvesinanurbanbuildingthatso___32___capturesthebeautyofnaturalform.WatchinganaturedocumentaryinwhichtermiteswereconstructingtheirnestsinspiredZimbabweanarchitectMickPearcetocreatetheEastgateCentre.Thedesign___33___theneedfortraditionalairconditioningandheatingsystems,sothebuildinguseslessenergyandcosts___34___torun.Theworld’sfirstalgae-poweredbuildingisinHamburg,Germany.The____35____oftheapartmentbuildingiscoveredinpanelscontainingalgae,whichcapture____36____fromthesunandchangeitintoenergythatpowersthebuilding.Therefore,thebuildingnotonly____37____itsenvironmentanduseslessenergy,butalsoreduces____38____totheenvironment.Creatingbuildingssuchastheseenablesustolive____39____ourenvironment.Tomeettheneedsoftodaywhileprotectingtheworldoftomorrowmaybeachallenge,buteventhe____40____organismscanhelpteachushowtoachievethis.26.A.nearlyB.hardlyC.closelyD.narrowly27.A.discoverB.exploreC.tendD.support28.A.polishesB.sharesC.respectsD.works29.A.relationshipB.discussionC.balanceD.friendship30.A.paintedB.shapedC.sculpturedD.translated\n31.A.pleasedB.disappointedC.amazedD.annoyed32.A.trulyB.fiercelyC.suddenlyD.slightly33.A.increasesB.formsC.reducesD.creates34.A.fewerB.lessC.moreD.much35.A.surfaceB.foundationC.bottomD.background36.A.lightB.steamC.radioD.heat37.A.keepsoffB.stickstoC.comesupwithD.respondsto38.A.attackB.damageC.qualityD.amount39.A.inneedofB.beyondcontrolofC.onbasisofD.inharmonywith40.A.simplestB.mildestC.worstD.latest【答案】26.C27.B28.D29.C30.B31.C32.A33.C34.B35.A36.D37.D38.B39.D40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要举例子说明受大自然的激发，人类周围出现了许多最迷人的建筑设计。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，一朵开放的花可能会让我们觉得它有多像一把伞。A.nearly几乎；B.hardly几乎不；C.closely紧密地；相似地；D.narrowly勉强地。由上文“Wearesousedtothebeautyoftrees,plantsandflowersthatwemayeventakeitforgrantedwithoutrealizinghowmuchinspirationithasgivenus.”和上下文“anopenflowermightmakeusthinkhow____1____itresemblesanumbrella.”可知，我们如此习惯于树木、植物和花朵的美丽，以至于我们甚至可能认为这是理所当然的，而没有意识到它给了我们多少灵感，所以我们看到开放的花朵时，会觉得它很像一把伞，此处用副词“closely(相似地)”强调我们认为花和伞很相似，故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，建筑师继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然的运作方式，甚至使自然有机体成为建筑的一部分。A.discover发现；B.explore探索；C.tend倾向于；照顾；D.support支持。由下文“waystocapturethebeautyofnaturalforms”可知，要捕\n捉自然形态之美的方法，需要建筑师去探索，下文“exploring”也是提示，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，建筑师继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然的运作方式，甚至使自然有机体成为建筑的一部分。A.polishes擦亮；B.shares分享；C.respects尊敬；D.works工作；运作。由上文“tomimicthewaynature”和下段以新加坡艺术科学博物馆为例可知，建筑师模仿自然的运作方式，故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些对探索艺术与科学之间的平衡感兴趣的人，将会喜欢新加坡的艺术科学博物馆。A.relationship关系；B.discussion讨论；C.balance平衡；D.friendship友谊。由下文“betweenartandscience”可知，此处指探索艺术与科学之间的平衡，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的形状像一朵莲花，它的地板收集雨水，然后通过管道系统循环利用。A.painted绘画；B.shaped塑造；使成为……形状；C.sculptured雕刻；D.translated翻译。由下文“toresemblealotusflowerwhosefloorcollectsrainwaterandthenrecyclesitthroughtheplumbingsystem”可知，新加坡的艺术科学博物馆被建成莲花的样子，故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：游客们常常惊奇地发现自己置身于一座城市建筑中，这座城市建筑能真正地捕捉到自然形态之美。A.pleased高兴的；B.disappointed失望的；C.amazed惊讶的；D.annoyed恼怒的。由下文“tofindthemselvesinanurbanbuildingthatso____7____capturesthebeautyofnaturalform.”可知，游客们发现自己置身于一座能真正捕捉到自然之美的城市建筑，这让他们感到很惊奇，故选C。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：游客们常常惊奇地发现自己置身于一座城市建筑中，这座城市建筑能真正地捕捉到自然形态之美。A.truly真正地；B.fiercely猛烈地；C.suddenly突然；D.slightly稍微地。由上文“Itis_____5____toresemblealotusflowerwhosefloorcollectsrainwaterandthenrecyclesitthroughtheplumbingsystem.(它的形状像一朵莲花，它的地板收集雨水，然后通过管道系统循环利用)”和下文“capturesthebeautyofnaturalform(捕捉自然形态之美)”可知，新加坡艺术科学博物馆这座城市建筑能真正捕捉到自然之美，故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，因此建筑使\n用更少的能源，运行成本也更低。A.increases增长；B.forms形成；C.reduces减少；D.creates制作。由下文“sothebuildinguseslessenergy”可知，这种建筑使用更少的能源，这说明这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，因此建筑使用更少的能源，运行成本也更低。A.fewer更少的（修饰可数名词）；B.less更少的（修饰不可数名词）；C.more更多的（修饰可数名词）；D.much更多的（修饰不可数名词）。由上文“sothebuildinguseslessenergy”可知，这种建筑使用更少的能源，进而运行成本也更低，costs不可数名词，用less，故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，这种面板捕获太阳的热量，并将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力。A.surface表面；B.foundation基础；C.bottom底部；D.background背景。由下文“oftheapartmentbuildingiscoveredinpanelscontainingalgae”可知，是公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，故选A。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，这种面板捕获太阳的热量，并将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力。A.light光线；B.steam蒸汽；C.radio收音机；D.heat热量。由下文“fromthesunandchangeitintoenergythatpowersthebuilding”可知，含有藻类的面板能吸收太阳的热量，将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力，故选D。【37题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，这个建筑物不仅对环境作出反应，使用较少的能源，而且能减少对环境的破坏。A.keepsoff让开；B.sticksto坚持；C.comesupwith想出；D.respondsto响应；对……做出反应。由上文“The___10_____oftheapartmentbuildingiscoveredinpanelscontainingalgae,whichcapture_____11___fromthesunandchangeitintoenergythatpowersthebuilding.”可知，建筑表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，能捕获太阳的热量，这是指建筑对环境做出反应，故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，这个建筑物不仅对环境作出反应，使用较少的能源，而且能减少对环境的破坏。A.attack攻击；B.damage损坏；C.quality质量；D.amount数量。由上文“whichcapture_____13___fromthesunandchangeitintoenergythatpowersthebuilding”和\n“useslessenergy”可知，含有藻类的建筑物不仅使用较少的能源，还能减少对环境的破坏，故选B。【39题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：建造这样的建筑使我们能够与我们的环境和谐相处。A.inneedof需要……；B.beyondcontrolof无法控制…….；C.onbasisof以……为基础；D.inharmonywith与……和谐相处。由上文“Therefore,thebuildingnotonly____12___itsenvironmentanduseslessenergy,butalsoreduces______13____totheenvironment.”可知，这种表面覆盖着含有藻类面板的建筑，不仅使用较少的能源，而且能减少对环境的破坏，所以说这种建筑使我们能够与我们的环境和谐相处，故选D。【40题详解】考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：在保护未来世界的同时满足今天的需求可能是一个挑战，但即使是最简单的生物体也可以帮助我们实现这一目标。A.simplest最简单的；B.mildest最温和的；C.worst最坏的；D.latest最新的。由上文“Tomeettheneedsoftodaywhileprotectingtheworldoftomorrowmaybeachallenge”和buteven可知，此处指“最简单的生物体”，它强调了自然给人类带来的灵感，即使是最简单的生物体也能激发人类，帮助人类实现保护未来世界的同时满足如今需求的目标，故选A。第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。AOftencalled“theuniversallanguage”,musiccanbepowerful.Concertscombinemusicwithperformance,visualartsandsometimessocialcauses.TheGuardianlisted50concertsthatchangedmodernmusichistory.Let’slookatsomeofthem.●BobDylan:NewportFolkFestivalRhodeIsland,US,July25,1965BobDylanisfamousforhispoeticguitarballads(民谣).ManyofhisfamoussongswereaboutimprovingtherightsofblackAmericansandprotestingtheVietnamWar.However,inthis1965concert,Dylanchallengedhisaudience—hetookoutanelectricguitarandmadeasharpsound.ManyfansfeltthatDylan“betrayed(背叛)”themandhisstyle.TheGuardiansaidthisiswhenfolkrockwasborn.\n●LiveAidLondon,UK,July13,1985Asitsnamesuggests,LiveAidwasforhelpingpeople.Itraised$245milliontofightfamine(饥荒)inEthiopia.It’softenseenasthefirstbenefitconcertofitskind.Theshowlasted16hoursandwasbroadcastliveinmorethan140countries.Ithadnearly1.5billionTVviewers.Morethan100rockstarsfromaroundtheworldparticipated.●Beyonce:CoachellaMusicFestivalCalifornia,US,April14,2018Thereisnowaruleofshowbusiness:ABeyonceperformancewillstealtheshow.Herpowerfulvoice,energeticdancemovesandcreativeoutfitstogethergiveherauniquestyle.AttheCoachellaMusicFestival,Beyoncehadanall-blackdancerandbackingvocalslineup.Theconcert,whichfanscall“Beychella”onTwitter,took100backup(支持性的)performersandthreemonthsofrehearsals.TheGuardiancalleditacombinationof“ancestralspirit(先祖之魂),modernentertainmentandpersonalwill”.Beyonceislike“agoddessofwar”.41.WhatwereBobDylan’ssongsintheconcertlike?A.Theyweresoftjustlikepoetsandballads.B.TheybetrayedDylanandhisfans.C.Theyweresharpfolkrock.D.Theywereaboutblackpeople’srights.42.WhywasLiveAidheld?A.Toimproverelationshipsamongdifferentcountries.B.Tofindtalentedsingers.C.Topromoterockmusic.D.TofightfamineinEthiopia.43.WhatmadeBeyonce’sperformancedifferent?A.ThespeciallydesignedstageattheCoachellaMusicFestival.B.Herall-starlineupofdancers.\nC.Hervoice,energeticdancemovesandcreativeoutfits.D.Thethemesofhersongs.44.Whichconcertinthepassagewasbroadcastliveinmanycountries?A.NewportFolkFestival.B.LiveAid.C.CoachellaMusicFestival.D.Noneofthem.45.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Greatestconcerts.B.Greatestsingers.C.MusicandSingers.D.Universallanguage.【答案】41.C42.D43.C44.B45.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了三场改变现代音乐历史的演唱会。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据●BobDylan:NewportFolkFestival部分第二段中“However,inthis1965concert,Dylanchallengedhisaudience—hetookoutanelectricguitarandmadeasharpsound.(然而，在1965年的音乐会中，Dylan向他的观众发起了挑战——他拿出一把电吉他，发出了响亮的声音)”及“TheGuardiansaidthisiswhenfolkrockwasborn.(《卫报》称这是民谣摇滚诞生的时期)”可知，BobDylan在演唱会上的歌曲风格是高音民间摇滚。故选C项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据●LiveAid部分第一段中“Asitsnamesuggests,LiveAidwasforhelpingpeople.Itraised$245milliontofightfamine(饥荒)inEthiopia.(顾名思义，LiveAid是用来帮助人们的。它筹集了2.45亿美元用于对抗埃塞俄比亚的饥荒)”可知，LiveAid是为了对抗埃塞俄比亚的饥荒而举行。故选D项。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据●Beyonce:CoachellaMusicFestival部分第一段中“Herpowerfulvoice,energeticdancemovesandcreativeoutfitstogethergiveherauniquestyle.(她有力的声音，充满活力的舞蹈动作和创意的服装一起赋予了她独特的风格)”可知，Beyonce的声音、充满活力的舞蹈动作和创意的服装使她的表演与众不同。故选C项。【44题详解】\n细节理解题。根据●LiveAid部分第二段中“Theshowlasted16hoursandwasbroadcastliveinmorethan140countries.(这场表演持续了16个小时，在140多个国家进行了直播)”可知，LiveAid在很多国家直播。故选B项。【45题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“TheGuardianlisted50concertsthatchangedmodernmusichistory.Let’slookatsomeofthem.(英国《卫报》列出了改变现代音乐史的50场音乐会。让我们来看看其中的一些)”可知，文章介绍了几个改变现代音乐历史的演唱会。故选A项。BNewYorkCityishometosomeofthetallestbuildingsonEarth.Recently,anewskyscraperjoinedthem.Thistimeit’sthethinnestintheworld.Afteryearsofdevelopment,SteinwayTowerisnowcomplete.Theheightofthebuildingis435meters.Butit’sjust18meterswide.Thewidth-to-heightratiois1:24.Thatmakesthebuildinglookverythin,likeachopstickstickingupfromtheground.Forcontext(供参考),CITICTower,knownasChinaZunTowerinBeijing,standsat528meters,butis84meterswide.Youdon’tneedtoworrythatthebuildingmaybreakinhalfduringastorm.AccordingtoSHoPArchitects,thedesignerofthebuilding,itwasmadewiththeworld’sstrongestconcrete.However,thebuildingmaystillmoveinstrongwinds.Thatwouldcauseloudnoises,andpeopleinsidemayfeeldizzy(晕眩的).Manymoderntallbuildingshaveasecrettoolinsidetohelpthemstandstill.It’scalledadamper(风阻尼器),usuallyahugesteelballthatweighshundredsoftons.Forexample,theSteinwayTowerhasadamperof800tons.Itswingsbackandforthinsidethebuildingtobalancetheforceofthewind.TherearemanypeoplelivingandworkinginNewYorkCity.Landthereisveryexpensive.Skyscrapersareagreatchoiceforsavingland.Meanwhile,designerswantedtomaketheSteinwayToweralandmark.Partofthebuildingisthe96-year-oldhistoricsiteofSteinwayHall.Itwasfamousforconcertsinthe20thcentury.Thespecialdesignoftheskyscrapermayhelppeoplerememberthepastglory(辉煌)ofSteinwayHall.46.WhatdoweknowabouttheSteinwayTower?A.Itistheworld’stallestbuilding.B.ItisalittlewiderthanChinaZunTower.C.Thebuildingworkstartedthisyear.D.Nootherbuildingisasthinasit.47.Whatwouldmakepeoplefeeldizzy?\nA.Thebreakingofthebuilding.B.Theswingingofthebuilding.C.Thesoundsofstrongwind.D.Thefallingofthestrongestconcrete.48.WhathelpstheSteinwayTowerprotectitselffromwind?A.Standingnearothertallbuildings.B.Weighinghundredsoftons.C.Havingabigsteelballinside.D.Swingingslowlyinthewind.49.WhydopeoplebuildskyscrapersinNewYorkCity?A.Tosaveland.B.Toshowofftheirskills.C.Towelcomemorepeople.D.Tomakespaceforlandmarks.50.WhatcanwelearnaboutthedesignoftheSteinwayTower?A.Itisacommonwaytobuildtheaters.B.Itispartlyinmemoryofafamousoldbuilding.C.ItisthesameasthedesignofSteinwayHall.D.Thehistoricstylemadeitfamousinthe20thcentury.【答案】46.D47.B48.C49.A50.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了位于纽约的世界上最薄的建筑施坦威大厦。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“NewYorkCityishometosomeofthetallestbuildingsonEarth.Recently,anewskyscraperjoinedthem.Thistimeit’sthethinnestintheworld.”（纽约市拥有一些世界上最高的建筑。最近，一座新的摩天大楼也加入了他们的行列。这次它是世界上最薄的。）可知，没有其他建筑像施坦威大厦这么薄。故选D。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,thebuildingmaystillmoveinstrongwinds.Thatwouldcauseloudnoises,andpeopleinsidemayfeeldizzy(晕眩的).”（然而，该建筑仍可能在强风中移动。这会造成巨大的噪音，里面的人可能会感到头晕。）可知，建筑物的摆动会让人感到头晕。故选B。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Manymoderntallbuildingshaveasecrettoolinsidetohelpthemstandstill.It’scalledadamper(风阻尼器),usuallyahugesteelballthatweighshundredsoftons.Forexample,theSteinwayTowerhasadamperof800tons.Itswingsbackandforthinsidethe\nbuildingtobalancetheforceofthewind.”（许多现代高层建筑内部都有一个秘密工具，可以帮助它们静止不动。它被称为阻尼器，通常是一个重达数百吨的巨大钢球。例如，施坦威塔的阻尼器有800吨。它在建筑物内来回摆动以平衡风的力量。）可知，施坦威塔里面有一个大钢球帮助施坦威塔防风。故选C。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“TherearemanypeoplelivingandworkinginNewYorkCity.Landthereisveryexpensive.Skyscrapersareagreatchoiceforsavingland.”（有许多人在纽约市生活和工作。那里的土地非常昂贵。摩天大楼是节约土地的好选择。）可知，为了节省土地，人们在纽约建造摩天大楼。故选A。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Partofthebuildingisthe96-year-oldhistoricsiteofSteinwayHall.Itwasfamousforconcertsinthe20thcentury.Thespecialdesignoftheskyscrapermayhelppeoplerememberthepastglory(辉煌)ofSteinwayHall.”（建筑的一部分是拥有96年历史的施坦威音乐厅。它在20世纪以音乐会而闻名。摩天大楼的特殊设计可能会让人们记住施坦威音乐厅过去的辉煌。）可知，摩天大楼的特殊设计可能会让人们记住施坦威音乐厅过去的辉煌。故选B。CAtthebeginningofmysenioryearinhighschool,IbeganapplyingtotheUniversityofConnecticut.ButwhatIdidn’trealizewashowexpensivemydreamwas.Icamefromamiddle-classfamily,anditseemedasthoughwe’dalwaysstruggledtomakeendsmeet.Iwasn’tthesmartestpersoninmyclass,notevenclose;butmyheartwasintherightplace,andIwasdetermined.IappliedforeveryscholarshipIcould.Andthenmyguidancecounselortoldmeaboutthefinancialaidsystem.Iapplied,butIdidn’tthinkIwouldqualifyforthateither.Aftertheholidays,myfriendsstartedreceivingtheiracceptancelettersfromcolleges,andIeagerlyexpectedmine.Finally,aletterarrivedfromtheUniversityofConnecticut.FeelingsoffearandjoyoverwhelmedmewhenIopenedtheenvelopewithtremblinghands.Ihaddoneit!Icriedforawhile,feelingbothextremelyexcitedandafraid.Ihadbeenworkingafull-timejob,butthatwasn’tenoughtopayfortuition,anditwasimpossibleformyparentstopayformyeducation.Monthswentbybeforealetterfromthefinancialaidofficearrived.Iopenediteagerly,butitwasonlyaletterrequestingmoreinformationtoprocessmyapplication.Thishappenedoverandover,andmyhopeskeptgettingshotdown.Finally,anenvelopearrived,theonethatwoulddeterminewhether\nIcouldattendcollege.Notonlywasfinancialaid(助学金)goingtohelpmeoutwithmyexpenses,butalsoIwontwoofthescholarshipsIhadappliedfor!Ihadactuallymademydreamcometrue.IamnowajuniorattheUniversityofConnecticut,pursuingadegreeinEnglish.51.Whatwastheauthor’smaintroubleinrealizingherdream?A.Shelackeddetermination.B.Herfamilywasshortofmoney.C.Shedidn’tknowwhichuniversitytoapplyto.D.Herparentsdisapprovedofherattendinguniversity.52.Howdidtheauthorgetmoneyforhertuitionfees?A.Bytakinguppart-timejobs.B.Byreceivingherparents’support.C.Byturningtoherguidancecounselorforhelp.DByapplyingforscholarshipsandfinancialaid.53.Whydidthefinancialaidofficesendtheauthorthefirstletter?A.Totestherdetermination.B.Toinformheroftheirrefusal.C.Toaskforsupplementalinformation.D.Tochecktheprocessofherapplication.54.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overwhelmed”meaninparagragh3?A.Affectedstrongly.B.Defeatedcompletely.C.Coveredcompletely.D.Overcameeasily.55.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveybysharingherstory?A.Neversaynever.B.Morehaste,lessspeed.C.Aiminghigher,achievingmore.D.Pridehurts,modestybenefits.【答案】51.B52.D53.C54.A55.A\n【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者的家庭很贫困，原本无法支付学费，但作者没有轻易言败，积极争取奖学金，努力赚取学费，最终成功入学，作者通过自己的经历想要告诉读者一个道理：永不言败。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ButwhatIdidn’trealizewashowexpensivemydreamwas.(但我没有意识到我的梦想有多昂贵)”及第三段中“Ihadbeenworkingafull-timejob,butthatwasn’tenoughtopayfortuition,anditwasimpossibleformyparentstopayformyeducation.(我一直有一份全职工作，但那不足以支付学费，我的父母也不可能支付我的教育费用)”可知，作者在实现梦想的过程中遇到的主要困难是家里缺钱，故选B项。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Notonlywasfinancialaid(助学金)goingtohelpmeoutwithmyexpenses,butalsoIwontwoofthescholarshipsIhadappliedfor!Ihadactuallymademydreamcometrue.(助学金不仅帮我解决了开支问题，而且我还获得了我申请的两项奖学金！我真的实现了我的梦想)”可知，通过申请奖学金和助学金作者得到了学费，故选D项。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Iopenediteagerly,butitwasonlyaletterrequestingmoreinformationtoprocessmyapplication.(我急切地打开它，但这只是一封要求提供更多信息来处理我的申请的信)”可知，助学金办公室给作者寄了第一封信要求作者补充信息，故选C项。【54题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后“whenIopenedtheenvelopewithtremblinghands.(当我用颤抖的手打开信封时)”及“Ihaddoneit!Icriedforawhile,feelingbothextremelyexcitedandafraid.(我做到了！我哭了一会儿，感到既兴奋又害怕)”可知，此处指颤抖着手打开信封时，感到非常恐惧和喜悦，overwhelmed意为“（感情上）使受不了，压垮”，A项“受到强烈影响”正确。故选A项。【55题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述作者的家庭很贫困，原本无法支付学费，但作者没有轻易言败，积极争取奖学金，努力赚取学费，最终成功入学，作者通过自己的经历想要告诉读者一个道理：永不言败，故选A项。\n第Ⅱ卷（共45分）第四部分：写作（共三节，满分45分）第一节选词填空。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）选词填空weeklywithdrewassistantbombedsavingsbotheranalyzedemployedcraftbanned56.Theretiredmandonatedmostofhis________totheschooldamagedbytheearthquake.57.Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwon’t________toseeit.58.Topperformersspendmanymorehourscompletelypracticingtheir________.59.ThispartofNormandywasbadly________duringthewar,butithasbeencompletelyrebuilt.60.Asmallsampleofbloodprovidedbychildrenwillbe________byalab.61.ThankstoAI,I’vegotmysmartpersonal________builtintomyphone.62.Herdaysare________ingardeningandvoluntarywork.63.He________frommanyschoolactivities,becausehedidn’thavethetime.64.Wegoanddothe________shoppingeveryThursday.65Environmentalistshopepaperbagswillbe________somedayandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebags.【答案】56.savings57.bother58.craft59.bombed60.analyzed61.assistant62.employed63.withdrew64.weekly65.banned【解析】【56题详解】考查名词。句意：那位退休老人把他的大部分积蓄捐给了地震中受损的学校。mostof+可数名词复数，表示“......的大部分”，根据句意可知，此处表示“积蓄；存款”，多用复数，\n故选savings。【57题详解】考查动词。句意：如果很多人说一部电影不好，我就懒得看了。bothertodo固定搭配，意为“懒得做”，由前面的won’t可知，此处应用动词原形，故选bother。【58题详解】考查名词。句意：顶尖的表演者花更多的时间完全练习他们的技艺。此处应用名词做宾语，且表示“技艺”应用名词craft，且此处为不可数名词，故选craft。【59题详解】考查动词和语态。句意：诺曼底的这一部分在战争期间遭到严重轰炸，但现在已经完全重建了。空处应用谓语动词，表示“轰炸”用动词bomb，且由was和句意可知，诺曼底的这一部分是被轰炸，应用一般过去时的被动，空处应用过去分词bombed，故选bombed。【60题详解】考查动词和语态。句意：由儿童提供的一小份血样将由实验室进行分析。此处表示“分析”应用动词analyze，且由willbe和句意可知，Asmallsampleofblood和动词analyze是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动，所以应用过去分词形式analyzed，故选analyzed。【61题详解】考查名词。句意：多亏了人工智能，我的手机里安装了一个聪明的私人“助理”。空处应用名词作宾语，表示“助手”，应用名词assistant，且此处表示一个助手，应用单数，故选assistant。【62题详解】考查动词和语态。句意：她每天的时间被用来做园艺和志愿者工作。此处表示“利用”应用动词employ，且由are和句意可知，主语herdays和employ二者之间是被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动，空处应用过去分词形式employed，故选employed。【63题详解】考查动词和时态。句意：他退出了许多学校活动，因为他没有时间。空处是谓语，表示“退出”，应用动词withdraw，且由后面的didn’t可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事，用一般过去时，故选withdrew。【64题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们每周四去购物。此处应用形容词做定语，修饰名词shopping，表示“每周的”应用weekly，故选weekly。\n【65题详解】考查动词和语态。句意：环保人士希望有一天纸袋将被禁止，并希望购物者使用相同的可重复使用的袋子。此处表示“禁止”应用动词ban，且由willbe和句意可知，paperbags和动词ban二者之间是被动，所以应用一般将来时的被动，空处应用过去分词形式banned，故选banned。第二节阅读表达。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读表达AmasterofEnglisheducationinChina,ChenLinjustcelebratedhis100thbirthdayinApril.ChenhasspenthiswholelifeonEnglisheducation.In1950,ChenstartedteachingatBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity(BFSU).Hewasknownasthe“ProfessorofThreeUps”.Healwaysputimportanceon“standingup”and“speakingup”inhisclasses.Healwaysstoodtoteachandtalkedloudly.Whenclasswasover,hewould“shutup”atonce.③Chen’sgoodteachingimpressedstudents.LiJinzhao,oneofChen’sstudentsandateacheratBFSUnow,saidChenlikesrole-playingandsingingtomaketheclassactive.Itwasdifferentfromthe“teacherspeaks,studentslisten”styleofthetime.Healsoencouragedstudentstospeakmoreandpracticemore.In1999,ChenledexpertstomakeEnglishcurriculumstandards(课程标准).Beforethat,Englishteachinggoalsfromprimaryschooltouniversitydidn’tconnectwellwitheachother.Butthestandardschangedit.Then,Englisheducationworkedlike“onepackage(一条龙)”.Healsowrotethefirstsetoftextbookstocarryoutthenewstandards.Afterleavinghisjob,Chenkeepsonworking.HereadsandwritesabouthowtoimproveEnglishteaching.Heoncesaid,“Ihavebeenateacherallmylife,andIwanttobeanEnglishteacheragaininmynextlife.”66.WhywasChencalledthe“ProfessorofThreeUps”?(Nomorethan15words)67.AccordingtoLiJinzhao,howdidChenmakehisclassesactive?(Nomorethan4words)68.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?(Nomorethan5words)69.HowdidthecurriculumstandardschangeEnglisheducationinChina?(Nomorethan8words)70.Whichofyourteachersimpressesyoumost?Andwhy?(Nomorethan20words)【答案】66.Becauseheputimportanceon“standingup”,“speakingup”and“shuttingup”inhisclasses.67.Byrole-playingandsinging.\n68.ChenLin’steachingstyle.69.ItmadeEnglisheducationinto“onepackage”.70.MyhighschoolEnglishteacherleftadeepimpressiononme.Becausehisclassislivelyandinteresting.Atthesametime,wewereencouragedtoboldlyexpressourownideas.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是北京外国语大学一名优秀教师的教学生涯。【66题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Healwaysputimportanceon“standingup”and“speakingup”inhisclasses.Healwaysstoodtoteachandtalkedloudly.Whenclasswasover,hewould“shutup”atonce.”（在课堂上，他总是很重视“站起来”和“发言”。他总是站着上课，大声说话。一下课，他就会立刻“闭嘴”。）可知，他看中的是“standingup”,“speakingup”and“shutup”。故答案为Becauseheputimportanceon“standingup”,“speakingup”and“shuttingup”inhisclasses.【67题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Chenlikesrole-playingandsingingtomaketheclassactive.”（陈老师喜欢角色扮演和唱歌，使课堂活跃起来。）可知，他是通过扮演和唱歌让班级氛围活跃的。故答案为Byrole-playingandsinging.【68题详解】考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“Chen’sgoodteachingimpressedstudents.”（陈老师的良好教学给学生留下了深刻的印象。）和“Chenlikesrole-playingandsingingtomaketheclassactive.Itwasdifferentfromthe“teacherspeaks,studentslisten”styleofthetime.Healsoencouragedstudentstospeakmoreandpracticemore.”（陈老师喜欢角色扮演和唱歌，使课堂活跃起来。它不同于当时“老师说，学生听”的风格。他还鼓励学生多说多练。）可知，本段强调的是ChenLin老师的教学风格。故答案为ChenLin’steachingstyle.【69题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Then,Englisheducationworkedlike“onepackage(一条龙)””（然后，英语教育就像“一条龙”。）可知，他的课程标准改变了中国的英语教育，使中国的英语教育像“一条龙”。故答案为ItmadeEnglisheducationinto“onepackage”.【70题详解】考查开放答题。根据个人经历。本人认为，高中时的英语老师让我印象最为深刻。因为他的\n课堂生动有趣，让我了解到很多知识和常识。并且鼓励我们每个人大胆地说出自己的想法。故答案为MyhighschoolEnglishteacherleftadeepimpressiononme.Becausehisclassislivelyandinteresting.Atthesametime,wewereencouragedtoboldlyexpressourownideas.第三节书面表达。（共1小题；满分25分）71.电影《花木兰》上映后引起很大反响。假如你是李华，你的笔友Peter来信向你询问中国历史上花木兰的故事。请你给他回信，要点如下：1.花木兰的生平故事；2.花木兰在中国人心中的地位与影响。注意：1.词数80-100；2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：dressup装扮；asymbolof.....的象征；DearPeter,I’mgladtoknowthatyouareinterestedinthestoryofMulan._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearPeter,I’mgladtoknowthatyouareinterestedinthestoryofMulan.I’mwritingtotellyouthestory.WhenthecountrywasatwarMulan’sfatherhadtojointhearmy.However,hewastoooldandweaktodosowhileMulan’slittlebrotherwastooyoung.Mulandecidedtotakeontheresponsibility.Shecameupwiththeideaofdressingherselfupasamanandjoinedthearmyinplaceofherfather.Mulanpreparedforthejourneycarefullysothatshecouldnotberecognized.Inthearmy,shewasbrave,smartandloyal.Finally,Mulanmadeitthroughthewarandherbraverywasrecognizedbytheemperor.Mulan’sstoryisrecordedinpoems,dramasandmovies.ThestoryofMulaninspireseverygirltoshoulderherdutyandachievewhatevershewantsto.InChina,Mulanisasymbolofindependence,\nduty,intelligenceandbravery.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。电影《花木兰》上映后引起很大反响。假如你是李华，你的笔友Peter来信向你询问中国历史上花木兰的故事。请你给他回信。【详解】1.词汇积累决定做：decidetodo→bedeterminedtodo想出：comeupwith→thinkout准备：preparefor→makepreparationsfor勇敢的：brave→courageous2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Mulandecidedtotakeontheresponsibility.Shecameupwiththeideaofdressingherselfupasamanandjoinedthearmyinplaceofherfather.拓展句：Mulancameupwiththeideaofdressingherselfupasamanandjoinedthearmyinplaceofherfatherbecauseshedecidedtotakeontheresponsibility.【点睛】[高分句型1]Whenthecountrywasatwar,Mulan’sfatherhadtojointhearmy.(运用了When引导的时间状语从句)[高分句型2]Mulanpreparedforthejourneycarefullysothatshecouldnotberecognized.(运用了sothat引导的结果状语从句)
