运城市2021-2022学年第二学期期末调研测试高二英语试题本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。2.答题时使用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。5，听力部分满分30分，不计入总分。第一部分听力（共两节；满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whoisthewoman?A.Abusdriver.B.Apolicewoman.C.Apassenger.2.Whendoesthewomanwanttotaketheclass?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.3.Whatdidthespeakersdolastweekend?A.Theystudiedathome.B.Theywenthiking.C.Theyplayedtennis.4.Wherearethespeakers?\nA.Inalibrary.B.Inastudyroom.C.Inabookstore.5.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Standonthehillalone.B.Takeapicturefortheman.C.VisitChicagowiththeman.第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutbuyingaboat?A.It’sfun.B.It’sexpensive.C.It’smeaningful.7.Whatisthemanmostconcernedabout?A.Gettingadiscountonaboat.B.Findingaplacetokeephisboat.C.Makinghisparentsbuyhimaboat.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whichofthefollowingdidthemanleaveinthepark?A.Afurovercoat.B.Agreycoat.C.Awhiteraincoat.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisimpatient.B.Sheishelpful.C.Sheiscareless.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatiswrongwiththeboy?A.Hehasspotsonhisneck.B.Hefeelscold.C.Hehasafever.11.Howdoestheboywantthewomantohelp?A.Bytakinghimtothedoctor.B.Byputtingsomemakeuponhim.C.Bytellingtheschoolnurseabouttheproblem.12.Whatmayhappeniftheboyhastostayhome?A.Hewon’tmaketheteam.B.Hecantryoutfortheteamlater.\nC.He’llhavetowriteanotetothecoach.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatcompanydoesthemanworkfor?A.Apple.B.Google.C.Facebook.14.Whydoesthemanwanttoquithisjob?A.Hewantstowriteaboutfood.B.Hedoesn’tmakeenoughmoney.C.Hewantstoopenhisownrestaurants.15.Howwouldthemanmakemoneyafterhequits?A.Hewouldsellbooksonhiswebsite.B.Hewouldworkfordifferentrestaurants.C.Companieswouldpayhimforhisexperiences.16.Whenmightthemanquithisjob?A.Nextweek.B.Nextmonth.C.Nextyear.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoislisteningtothelecture?A.Psychologyteachers.B.Psychologymajors.C.Highschoolstudents.18.Howlongdoeseachlecturelast?A.Onehour.B.Oneandahalfhours.C.Twohours.19Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheexams?A.Therewillbesixpagesofthem.B.TheycanbemadeuponlyonMondays.C.Theyareharderthanstudentsmightexpect.20.Howcanthespeakerbereachedoutsideofclasstime?A.Mainlybye-mailinghim.B.Onlybycallinghimdirectly.C.Bycomingtohisofficeanyday.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）\n阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOurMostRecommendedBooksLookingforagoodbook?Wehavetheworld’slargestcollectionofexpertbookrecommendations.Overthepastdecade,we’veaskedhundredsofexpertstopickthebestbooksintheirfield—andtoexplainindetailwhythoseparticularbooksaresoimportant.Clickoneachbooktofindoutwhatexpertsweinterviewedsaidaboutitingreaterdetail.OnLibertybyJohnStuartMillOnLibertybyJohnStuartMillwasoriginallypublishedin1859,buthisexplorationofthesequestionsstillfeelsincrediblycontemporary.OnLibertyremainsacentraltextofthemodernliberaltradition,asourinterviewsbelowwithphilosophers,politicians,historiansandpoliticalcommentatorsmakeclear.MiddlemarchbyGeorgeEliotMiddlemarchbyGeorgeEliotwasfirstpublishedin1871.ThenovelissetinthefictionalEnglishtownofMiddlemarchduring1829-1832,andfollowsseveraldistinct,intersectingstorieswithalargecastofcharacters.TheOdysseybyHomerandtranslatedbyEmilyWilsonIfyou’reinterestedinHomerandthepoemoftheOdyssey,the2017translationbyEmilyWilson,ProfessorofClassicalStudiesattheUniversityofPennsylvania,isagreatplacetostart.Notonlyisitahighlyreadabletranslation,buttheintroductionprovidesalotofcontextandhistoricalbackgroundforanyonewonderingwhoHomerwas,whenthepoemwasfirstwrittendownetc.ToKillaMockingbirdbyHarperLeeToKillaMockingbirdwastheonlynovelpublishedbyHarperLeeduringherlifetime,anditwonthePulitzerPrizein1961.ThiscelebratednoveldepictstheracismsheobservedasachildinherhometowninAlabama.ToKillaMockingbirdwasfirstpublishedinNovember1960.Subsequentlyanearly1957versionwaspublishedin2015underthetitleGoSetAWatchman.1.WhichbookwonthePulitzerPrize?A.ToKillaMockingbirdB.TheOdysseyC.MiddlemarchD.OnLiberty2.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?\nA.TheOdysseytranslatedbyEmilyWilsononlycontainstheoriginalpoems.B.MiddlemarchissetinarealEnglishtown.C.OnLibertystillhasanimpactonmodernsociety.D.ToKillaMockingbirdhasnothingtodowiththeauthor’sexperience.3.Wherecanyoureadthispassage?A.Alibraryguidebook.B.Abookrecommendationwebsite.C.Atrendymagazine.D.Acolumninnewspaper.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要为读者推荐了一些值得阅读的书籍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“ToKillaMockingbirdbyHarperLee”部分关键句“ToKillaMockingbirdwastheonlynovelpublishedbyHarperLeeduringherlifetime,anditwonthePulitzerPrizein1961.”（ToKillaMockingbird是哈珀·李生前出版的唯一一部小说，并于1961年获得普利策奖。）可知，ToKillaMockingbird于1961年获得普利策奖，由此可知，ToKillaMockingbird获得了普利策奖。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“OnLibertybyJohnStuartMill”部分内容“OnLibertybyJohnStuartMillwasoriginallypublishedin1859,buthisexplorationofthesequestionsstillfeelsincrediblycontemporary.OnLibertyremainsacentraltextofthemodernliberaltradition,asourinterviewsbelowwithphilosophers,politicians,historiansandpoliticalcommentatorsmakeclear.”（约翰·斯图亚特·密尔的OnLiberty一书最初出版于1859年，但他对这些问题的探索仍然让人感到难以置信的现代感。正如我们下面对哲学家、政治家、历史学家和政治评论员的采访所表明的那样，OnLiberty仍然是现代自由主义传统的中心文本。）可知，OnLiberty对问题的探索仍然让人感到难以置信的现代感，这本书仍然是现代自由主义传统的中心文本，由此可知，OnLiberty对现代社会仍有影响。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Lookingforagoodbook?Wehavetheworld’slargestcollectionofexpertbookrecommendations.”（在找一本好书吗？我们收集了世界上最大的专家书籍推荐。）和“Clickoneachbooktofindoutwhatexpertsweinterviewedsaidaboutitingreaterdetail.”\n（点击每本书，了解我们采访过的专家对这本书的详细描述。）可知，文章主要是为读者推荐了一些值得阅读的书籍，通过点击每本书，可以了解到专家对这本书的详细描述，由此可推断出，你在图书推荐网站上能读到这篇文章。故选B项。BLockerBoardskateboardswereinventedby11-year-oldCarsonKropfl,inOctoberof2016.Hewantedaskateboardthatcouldfitinhisschoollockerandbackpack,sohedecidedtocreateoneoutofausedskateboarddeck.Hisparentstoldhimhehadtostartcleaningtopayforhissurflessonsandcontests.Carsonhatestoclean,soheaskedifhecouldstartmakingandsellingskateboards—liketheonehehadmadeforhimself.CarsoncollectsusedskateboarddecksfromskateshopsandchangesthemtoLockerBoards.HemakestheLockerBoarddecksbyhand.Eachboardissignedandnumbered.Theboardsarethenassembledwithnew,high-qualitywheels.Theseareone-of-a-kind!CarsonstartedhisonlinestoreinNovemberof2016andshippedboardsalloverthecountry.ThereasonwhyLockerBoardshavebecomesopopularisthattheyaregoodfortheplanet,easytotakeanywhereandfuntoride!Vans,anAmericancompany,foundoutaboutwhatCarsonwasdoingandinJanuaryof2017,setupamonthlyrecyclingprogramforhimattwooftheirskatestores.KidswhowanttodonateuseddeckstoCarsoncanleavethemattheseVanslocations.Sofar,Vanshasdonatedover10boardstoLockerBoard.ApopularstoreinSouthernCalifornia,Jack’sSurfboards,recentlyputCarson’sLockerBeardskateboardsintheirDanaPointstore.AnotherskateshopinHuntingtonBeachhasalsostartedcarryingLockerBoardskateboards.Inafewshortmonths,CarsonhasappearedonseverallocalnewsstationsandbeennamedbyOCFamilymagazineasoneofthetop10WhizKidsofOrangeCounty,California.Thisyear,Carsonisdonating$1foreveryboardhesellstotheTonyHawkFoundationbecausetheyarefocusedonempoweringkidsthroughskating.Carsonfeelsthemostrewardingpartofthiswholeexperienceishowhehasbecomearolemodelforotherkids.Hisaimistoinspirekidstodreamhardandworkhard.4.WhydidCarsonKropflmakeaskateboardhimselfatfirst?A.Toearnmoney.B.Tosatisfyhisneed.\nC.Totakepartinacontest.D.Toshowofftohisclassmates5.WhatcanbelearnedaboutLockerBoards?A.Theyarelargeinsize.B.Theylookthesameallover.C.Theyarerecycledbyskateshops.D.Theyareenvironment-friendly.6.HowdidthepublicrespondtotheLockerBoard?A.Theyspokehighlyofit.B.Theywereastonishedbyit.C.Theypaidlittleattentiontoit.D.Theyweredoubtfulaboutit.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCarsonKropfl?A.Sportyandproud.B.Generousandstrict.C.Humorousandfar-sighted.D.Creativeandkind-hearted【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。2016年10月，11岁的CarsonKropfl发明了LockerBoard滑板。讲述了他发明这种滑板的经过以及公众对这种滑板的反响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hewantedaskateboardthatcouldfitinhisschoollockerandbackpack,sohedecidedtocreateoneoutofausedskateboarddeck.(他想要一个可以放进学校储物柜和背包里的滑板，所以他决定用一个用过的滑板做一个)”可知，CarsonKropfl一开始自己做了一个滑板是为了满足他的需要。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“CarsoncollectsusedskateboarddecksfromskateshopsandchangesthemtoLockerBoards.(卡森从滑板店收集用过的滑板，并把它们改成成LockerBoards)”可知，LockerBoards是环保的。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“ApopularstoreinSouthernCalifornia,Jack’sSurfboards,recentlyputCarson’sLockerBeardskateboardsintheirDanaPointstore.AnotherskateshopinHuntingtonBeachhasalsostartedcarryingLockerBoardskateboards.Inafewshortmonths,CarsonhasappearedonseverallocalnewsstationsandbeennamedbyOCFamilymagazineasoneofthetop10WhizKidsofOrangeCounty,California.(南加州一家很受欢迎的商店Jack’sSurfboards最近把Carson’sLockerBeard滑板放在了他们的DanaPoint商店里。亨廷顿海滩的另一家滑板店也开始销售\nLockerBoard滑板。在短短几个月的时间里，Carson出现在几家地方新闻电台，并被《OCFamily》杂志评为加州奥兰治县十大神童之一)”可推知，公众对储物滑板评价很高。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“LockerBoardskateboardswereinventedby11-year-oldCarsonKropfl,inOctoberof2016.(2016年10月，11岁的CarsonKropfl发明了LockerBoard滑板)”以及倒数第二段“Thisyear,Carsonisdonating$1foreveryboardhesellstotheTonyHawkFoundationbecausetheyarefocusedonempoweringkidsthroughskating.(今年，Carson每卖一块滑板给TonyHawk基金会捐赠1美元，因为他们专注于通过滑冰增强孩子们的能力)”可推知，CarsonKropfl有创造力且心地善良。故选D。CThestoryofthemostsustainablepairofjeansisalsothestoryofafamilywhosemembershavededicatedtheirlivestodenim(牛仔布)innovation.Itisthegreat-great-grandsonofthefamilybusinessfounderwhohasbroughtCandianiandthewholefashionindustrytonewheightsbycreatingthefirstfullybiodegradable(可生物降解的)stretchdenim.AlbertoCandiani,thecurrentownerofCandiani,createdthefirstfullybiodegradablejeansusingaplant-basedyarn(纱线)obtainedfromnaturalrubber.Oncetheinnovativedenimcametolife,abrand-newpairofjeanswasputtothetestbybeingburiedinforestlandforsixmonths.Attheendofthatperiod,Candiani’steamdiscoveredthefibershadalmostfullydisintegrated.ThenewtechnologyiscalledCoreva.“Thesegarments(服装)areextremelydurable,butattheendoftheirlife,youcouldsendthembacktousandwerecyclethem,oryoucouldfertilizeyourvegetableswiththem,”AlbertoCandianisaid.Jeans—oneofthemostpopulargarmentsworldwide—generateanenvironmentalimpactthathasbecomearealglobalchallenge.AccordingtotheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme,ittakesaround2000gallonsofwatertomakeatypicalpairofjeans.Andduringproduction,around71poundsofcarbondioxidearereleased.Thatisequivalentto53seven-minuteshowers,drivingacar78miles.What’smore,mostjeansaremanufacturedwithstretchdenimmadewithplastic,whichcantakehundredsofyearstodegrade.Butbycreatingacircularmodelinwhichfabrics(织物)arebiodegradableattheendoftheirlifecycle,tonsofgarmentscanbepreventedfromendingupinlandfills.Candianihasnotonlyachievedthisbygoingplastic-free,butthemanufacturerhasalsoreducedwateruseby75percentand\ntheuseofchemicalsby65percent.AlthoughCandianicreatesaproductthatisaboutdoublethepriceoftraditionaldenimduetothehigherlaborandmanufacturingcostsinvolved,businessisbooming.Notonlyhasthecompanytripleditsproduction,butitsmottoof“thegreenestmillintheblueworld”iscredible.8.WhathighlightsCandianiaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Ithasagreatfounder.B.Itcreatesgreenerfabrics.C.Itisafamily-runbusiness.D.Itmakesjeansatalowercost.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheinnovativedenim?A.Itcanlastforsixmonths.B.Itismadeofrecycledmaterials.C.Itcanbereusedforgrowingplants.D.Itturnsintosoilundertheforestland.10.WhatarethefiguresinParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thepopularityofjeansintheworld.B.Thepossiblereasonsforglobalwarming.C.Thecomplexprocessofmanufacturingjeans.D.Theeffectsofproducingjeansontheenvironment.11.Candiani’sinnovationmaybeanexampleof________.A.robbingPetertopayPaulB.puttingthecartbeforethehorseC.killingtwobirdswithonestoneD.solvingtheproblemonceandforall【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Candiani创造了一种可生物降解的弹力牛仔裤，起到了保护环境的作用。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Itisthegreat-great-grandsonofthefamilybusinessfounderwhohasbroughtCandianiandthewholefashionindustrytonewheightsbycreatingthefirstfullybiodegradable(可生物降解的)stretchdenim.”（正是这位家族企业创始人的曾孙创造了第一条完全可生物降解的弹力牛仔裤，将Candiani和整个时尚行业推向了新的高度。）可知，Candiani创造了完全可生物降解的弹力牛仔裤，这是一种更环保的面料，将其和整个时尚行业推向了新的高度，由此可知，Candiani的亮点是它创造了更环保的面料。故选B项。【9题详解】\n细节理解题。根据第二段关键句““Thesegarments(服装)areextremelydurable,butattheendoftheirlife,youcouldsendthembacktousandwerecyclethem,oryoucouldfertilizeyourvegetableswiththem,”AlbertoCandianisaid.”（AlbertoCandiani说：“这些服装非常耐用，但在它们生命结束时，你可以把它们寄回给我们，我们对它们进行回收利用，或者你可以用它们给蔬菜施肥。”）可知，当这种创新牛仔裤的生命结束时，你可以用它们给蔬菜施肥，由此可知，创新牛仔裤可以被重复使用，用于种植植物。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Jeans—oneofthemostpopulargarmentsworldwide—generateanenvironmentalimpactthathasbecomearealglobalchallenge.AccordingtotheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme,ittakesaround2000gallonsofwatertomakeatypicalpairofjeans.Andduringproduction,around71poundsofcarbondioxidearereleased.”（牛仔裤是全球最流行的服装之一，它对环境的影响已成为一个真正的全球挑战。据联合国环境计划署称，制作一条平常的牛仔裤需要大约2000加仑的水。在生产过程中，大约会释放71磅的二氧化碳。）可知，生产牛仔裤对环境产生了不良影响，文章使用具体数字，例如“2000gallons”和“71pounds”，告诉我们在生产牛仔裤的过程中，会使用大量的水并释放大量二氧化碳，由此可知，第三段中的数字主要是关于生产牛仔裤对环境的影响。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Butbycreatingacircularmodelinwhichfabrics(织物)arebiodegradableattheendoftheirlifecycle,tonsofgarmentscanbepreventedfromendingupinlandfills.Candianihasnotonlyachievedthisbygoingplastic-free,butthemanufacturerhasalsoreducedwateruseby75percentandtheuseofchemicalsby65percent.”（但通过创建一个循环模型，使织物在其生命周期结束时可生物降解，可以防止成吨的服装最终进入垃圾填埋场。Candiani不仅通过无塑料实现了这一目标，而且制造商还将水的使用量减少了75%，化学品的使用量减少了65%。）可知，Candiani的创新不仅使织物在其生命周期结束时可生物降解，还可以减少水和化学品的使用量，起到保护环境的作用，这是一石二鸟的做法，由此可知，Candiani的创新是一石二鸟的例子。故选C项。DAlthoughtheweatherisveryhotnow,thecarnivaloficeandsnowisgettingcloser.ThepreparationworkforBeijingWinterOlympicGames,whichareexpectedtobeginonFeb4,2022,hasentereditsfinalstage.InJanuary,2021,theice-makingworkonthe“IceRibbon”,alandmarkvenue\nfortheBeijingWinterOlympics,wascompleted.IntheWinterOlympics,whereracescanbewonorlostbyasmalltimegap,tinyimperfectionsintheicecanmakeallthedifference.“It’snotjustablockoficelikeyou’dnormallythinkof,likeicecubessittinginyourfreezer,”toldKennethGolden,aUSmathematicianwhostudiesthestructuresofice.“It’samuchmorefascinatingandcomplexsubstancethanpeoplewouldnormallythink.”Thefirststepforbuildinganyicerink(溜冰场)istopurifythewatertoremovedissolvedsolidslikesaltsandminerals.Suchimpuritiesdon’tfitintheregularhexagonal(六边形的)structureoficethatformsaswaterfreezes.Themorepurethewateris,themoreconsistenttheicesurface.Inadditiontotheneedforexcellenceintherawmaterialsofice-making,technologyisalsoveryimportant.Asoneofthemostadvancedtechnologiesforwintersportsvenues,acarbondioxide(CO2)coolingtechnologyhasbeenappliedonalargescalefortheBeijingWinterOlympicGames.CO2isnotnewwhenitcomestoice-making.However,ithasbeengraduallyreplacedbytheman-maderefrigerant,likeFreon.Withincreasingattentiontowardclimatechange,theoldrefrigeranthascomeintouseagain.Asanelementoftheatmosphere,CO2doesn’tdamagetheozonelayer.AlthoughCO2isagreenhousegas,itsgreenhouseeffectismuchlowerthanthatofothersyntheticrefrigerants.TheWinterOlympicsvenuesadoptedCO2insteadofFreonasarefrigerantinice-making,whichwillreducecarbondioxideemissionsgreatly.“WebelievethesetechnologicalinnovationswillbringBeijing2022tospectatorsallovertheworldinamoreimpressiveway,”toldGaoBofromtheMediaOperationsDepartmentoftheOrganizingCommitteeoftheBeijingWinterOlympicGames.12.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“consistent”inParagraph3?A.United.B.Firm.C.Clean.D.Rough.13.WhyhasCO2coolingtechnologybeenappliedtotheWinterOlympicGames?A.It’sthemostadvancedtechnologiesforice-making.B.CO2ismoreefficientthanotherrefrigerants.C.CO2ismoreenvironmentally-friendlythanFreon.D.CO2hasalreadyexistedintheatmosphere.14.WhatisGaoBo’sattitudetoCO2beingappliedtoice-making?A.Indifferent.B.Opposed.C.Doubtful.D.\nFavourable.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheBeijingWinterOlympicGamesIsComing.B.BeneathOlympicIce.C.TheUseofRefrigerantsinOlympicGames.D.TheStructureofIce.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京冬奥会在制冰的原料和技术上的精益求精。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Thefirststepforbuildinganyicerinkistopurifythewatertoremovedissolvedsolidslikesaltsandminerals.Suchimpuritiesdon’tfitintheregularhexagonalstructureoficethatformsaswaterfreezes.Themorepurethewateris(建造溜冰场的第一步是净化水，去除溶解的固体，如盐和矿物质。这些杂质不符合水结冰时形成的冰的正六边形结构。水越纯净)”可知，水越纯净，冰面就越稳定。由此推知，划线词consistent的意思是“稳定的”，和firm意思相近。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Asanelementoftheatmosphere,CO2doesn’tdamagetheozonelayer.AlthoughCO2isagreenhousegas,itsgreenhouseeffectismuchlowerthanthatofothersyntheticrefrigerants.TheWinterOlympicsvenuesadoptedCO2insteadofFreonasarefrigerantinice-making,whichwillreducecarbondioxideemissionsgreatly.(作为大气中的一种元素，二氧化碳不会破坏臭氧层。虽然二氧化碳是一种温室气体，但其温室效应远低于其他合成制冷剂。冬奥会场馆在制冰过程中采用了二氧化碳而不是氟利昂作为制冷剂，这将大大减少二氧化碳的排放)”可知，二氧化碳冷却技术被应用于冬奥会是因为二氧化碳比氟利昂更加环保。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WebelievethesetechnologicalinnovationswillbringBeijing2022tospectatorsallovertheworldinamoreimpressiveway(我们相信，这些技术创新将以更令人印象深刻的方式将北京2022年冬奥会带给世界各地的观众)”可知，高波对于二氧化碳用于制冰持有支持态度。故选D。【15题详解】\n主旨大意题。根据第一段“InJanuary,2021,theice-makingworkonthe“IceRibbon”,alandmarkvenuefortheBeijingWinterOlympics,wascompleted.(2021年1月，北京冬奥会标志性场地“冰带”的制冰工作已经完成)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了北京冬奥会在制冰的原料和技术上的精益求精，所以“BeneathOlympicIce(冬奥会滑冰场的秘密)”可以作为文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyouneedtofindasolutiontoadesignproblem,youcouldaskyourself,“Whatanimalsorplantsfaceasimilarproblemintheirlives,andhowdotheyhandleit?”____16____Termites(白蚁)inAfricacontrolthetemperatureandaircurrentsintheirnestsbyhavingthickwallsandairspacesinthetoppart.TheEastgateCentreinHarare,Zimbabwewasdesignedinasimilarway,withthickoverhangsshadingthewindows,andalltheofficesconnectedtoabigchimneylettinghotairescape.Thisallowsittostaycoolwhileusingmuchlessair-conditioning.____17____EngineerNakatsualsoaskedhimselfthesamequestion.____18____Akeenbirdwatcher,Nakatsurealisedthatkingfishersalsoexperienceanabruptpressurechangewhendivingintothewater,buttheirbeaksallowthemtopiercethroughthewatersmoothly.Histeamfoundthatputtingalong,pointednoseonthetraingreatlyreducedtheloudboomsinthetunnelandallowedittorunfaster.Havingabigpictureoftheworldweliveinalsohelpsusunderstandhowtechnologycanbeusedtoprotectinsteadofdestroyit.____19____Ontheotherhand,plasticpackagingcreatesalotofwasteandpollution.Onecompanyhascomeupwithanalternativematerialmadeofcomhuskwasteandsomebigcompaniesarestartingtouseit.____20____Nakatsuworriesthatchildrentodaydonothavetheopportunitytotouchandfeelnature.Headvisesthatstudentsinuniversityshouldstudymorethanonenarrowfieldsothattheydonotjusthaveonefixedwayofthinking.A.Innature,everythinggetsrecycled.B.Tomimic(模仿)nature,wemustbefamiliarwithit.C.Itturnsoutthatnaturalbeautyoftenhasalogicalreasonbehindit.D.Largecitiesfullofpeopleareoftencomparedtoants’colonies(群).\nE.Thisideawasusedtoarrangehundredsofmirrorsatasolarpowerplant.F.ItcouldbeagoodsolutionforthehotandcrowdedcitiesinSoutheastAsiatoo.G.Hisproblemwasthatthepressurefromabullettrainrushingintoatunnelathighspeedcausedloudnoises.【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.A20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们可以从大自然中吸取灵感，以便用更环保的方式解决我们所面临的问题。【16题详解】根据上文“Whenyouneedtofindasolutiontoadesignproblem,youcouldaskyourself,“Whatanimalsorplantsfaceasimilarproblemintheirlives,andhowdotheyhandleit?”(当你需要找到一个设计问题的解决方案时，你可以问自己，‘哪些动物或植物在生活中面临类似的问题，它们如何处理？’)”和下文“Termites(白蚁)inAfricacontrolthetemperatureandaircurrentsintheirnestsbyhavingthickwallsandairspacesinthetoppart.(非洲的白蚁通过在其巢穴顶部有厚壁和空气空间来控制温度和气流)”可知，上文提出遇到设计问题时可以想象面临类似问题的动植物，下文则提到了非洲白蚁巢穴的特点。由此推知，空处内容应与建筑和蚂蚁相关。D项“人口众多的大城市经常被比作蚂蚁的聚居地”符合题意，开启下文，ants呼应下文termites。故选D。【17题详解】空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“TheEastgateCentreinHarare,Zimbabwewasdesignedinasimilarway,withthickoverhangsshadingthewindows,andalltheofficesconnectedtoabigchimneylettinghotairescape.Thisallowsittostaycoolwhileusingmuchlessair-conditioning.(津巴布韦哈拉雷的Eastgate中心也采用了类似的设计方法，厚实的悬架遮蔽窗户，所有的办公室都连接到一个大烟囱，让热空气逸出。这使得它在使用更少的空调的同时保持凉爽)”可知，这种类似白蚁巢穴的设计适用于炎热地带的城市。由此推知，空处继续陈述这种设计的应用。F项“对于东南亚炎热拥挤的城市来说，这也是一个很好的解决方案”符合题意，also表明上下文的并列关系。故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“EngineerNakatsualsoaskedhimselfthesamequestion.(工程师Nakatsu也问了自己同样的问题)”推知，空处应指出Nakatsu面临的问题是什么。G项“他的问题是高速行驶的\n高速列车冲进隧道时产生的压力会产生巨大的噪音”符合题意，problem是关键词，选项中的his指代Nakatsu。故选G。【19题详解】根据下文“Ontheotherhand,plasticpackagingcreatesalotofwasteandpollution.(另一方面，塑料包装制造了许多浪费和污染)”中的ontheotherhand推知，空处内容与下文形成对照，即空处陈述环保的一方面。A项“在自然界，一切都是循环利用的”符合题意。故选A。【20题详解】根据下文“Nakatsuworriesthatchildrentodaydonothavetheopportunitytotouchandfeelnature.Headvisesthatstudentsinuniversityshouldstudymorethanonenarrowfieldsothattheydonotjusthaveonefixedwayofthinking.(Nakatsu担心今天的孩子没有机会触摸和感受大自然。他建议大学里的学生应该学习不止一个狭窄的领域，这样他们就不会只有一种固定的思维方式)”可知，Nakatsu建议孩子们多接触自然，这样就可以熟悉自然，并从中学习一些解决问题的方法。B项“要模仿自然，我们必须熟悉它”符合题意，nature是关键词。故选B。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A.B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JessicaLong,fromBaltimore,Maryland,USAisachampionbyalldefinitionsoftheword.Sheisoneoftheworldsmostdecorated____21____.Jessicawastheyoungestathlete,at12yearsold,towinaParalympics(残奥会)medal.JessicawasborninIrkutsk,Russiawithasevereandrarebirthdefect-fibularhemimelia.Thismeansthatpartofher____22____boneswasmissingordeformed.Fearingshecouldnot____23____Jessica,heryoungmotherplacedherinaRussianorphanage(孤儿院).Fortunately,shewas____24____byanAmericanfamilywhenshewas13monthsold.Sherequired25different____25____tohelpherlegcondition.Butunfortunately,bothofherlegshadtobe____26____whenshewasjust18monthsold.Jessicalearnedtowalkwith____27____legs.Asachild,shetookup____28____includinggymnastics,cheerleading,iceskating,biking,androckclimbing.Jessicabeganswimmingathergrandparents’house,shewas____29____aboutswimming,neveronceallowingherdisabilityto_____30_____herback.“IalwayslovedpretendingIwasa_____31_____oramermaidwhile\nswimming.”sheoncesaid.Shereallyexcelledatswimming.Shortlyaftershestartedcompeting,Jessicawas_____32_____asMaryland’sFemaleSwimmeroftheYearwithaDisability.EventhoughLongwas_____33_____withherphysicallimitations,shewasencouragedtoenterherfirstParalympicGamesinAthens,Greece.Shewonthreegoldmedalsinswimmingattheageof12!Butshedidnot_____34_____onhersuccess.Jessicahasgoneontowin23medalsforTeamUSAattheParalympics!Whileshebeganher_____35_____outofangerandfrustration,sheisnowapositive_____36_____onamissiontoinspirethenextgenerationofParalympians!Jessicabelievesherconditionisanopportunityratherthana_____37_____.Havingadisabilitydoesn’tmeanherlifeisnot_____38_____,Jessicaalwaysbelieveshecandoanything.Shealwaysgives110%.Andsheneverallowedherselfto_____39_____.Asshesays,“Theonlydisabilityinlifeisa_____40_____attitude”.21.A.swimmersB.skaterC.gymnastD.cyclist22.A.armB.muscleC.legD.hand23.A.takeinB.careforC.leaveoutD.pickup24.A.namedB.educatedC.abandonedD.adopted25.A.surgeriesB.movementsC.assessmentsD.programs26.A.protectedB.checkedC.fixedD.removed27.A.injuredB.dynamicC.artificialD.flexible28.A.entertainmentB.sportsC.proceduresD.jobs29.A.enthusiasticB.cautiousC.certainD.particular30.A.lookB.getC.holdD.put31.A.birdB.fishC.horseD.angel32.A.consideredB.selectedC.treatedD.praised33.A.seriousB.familiarC.sadD.honest34.A.resignB.panicC.agreeD.rest35.A.leisureB.financeC.claimD.career36.A.forceB.detectiveC.candidateD.principle37.A.warningB.misfortuneC.fantasyD.mistake38.A.satisfyingB.disappointingC.awkwardD.efficient39.A.slipB.hideC.quitD.retire\n40.A.positiveB.creativeC.distantD.negative【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.C31.B32.B33.C34.D35.D36.A37.B38.A39.C40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了获得残奥会奖牌最年轻的运动员JessicaLong的成长经历。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是世界上获得奖牌最多的游泳运动员之一。A.swimmers游泳运动员；B.skater滑冰者；C.gymnast体操运动员；D.cyclist自行车运动员。根据“Shewonthreegoldmedalsinswimmingattheageof12!”可知，她是一名游泳运动员。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着她的部分腿骨缺失或变形了。A.arm手臂，胳膊；B.muscle肌肉；C.leg腿；D.hand手。根据下文“Sherequired25different____5____tohelpherlegcondition.”可知，此处为信息词leg的词汇复现。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于担心她不能照顾杰西卡，她年轻的母亲把她送到了一家俄罗斯的孤儿院。A.takein吸收，欺骗；B.carefor照顾，关心；C.leaveout省略，不考虑；D.pickup捡起，学会。根据“JessicawasborninIrkutsk,Russiawithasevereandrarebirthdefect-fibularhemimelia.(杰西卡出生在俄罗斯伊尔库茨克，患有严重而罕见的先天缺陷——腓骨偏瘫。)”可知，由于担心她不能照顾杰西卡，她年轻的母亲把她送到了一家俄罗斯的孤儿院。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，她在13个月大的时候被一个美国家庭收养。A.named命名；B.educated教育；C.abandoned放弃，抛弃；D.adopted收养，采取。根据上文“heryoungmotherplacedherinaRussianorphanage(孤儿院).”和“Fortunately”可知，此处表示她在13个月大的时候被一个美国家庭收养。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她需要25次不同的手术来改善她的腿部状况。A.surgeries外科手术；B.movements动作，运动；C.assessments评估，评价；D.programs项目，计划。根据“tohelpherlegcondition”可知，她需要做25次外科手术。故选A。\n【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但不幸的是，在她18个月大的时候，她的双腿不得不被切除。A.protected保护；B.checked检查；C.fixed修理，固定；D.removed移除。根据“Butunfortunately”可知，她的双腿不得不被切除。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡学会了用假肢走路。A.injured受伤的；B.dynamic充满活力的；C.artificial人工的；D.flexible灵活的。根据“Butunfortunately,bothofherlegshadtobe____6____whenshewasjust18monthsold.”可知，由于双腿被切除，她学会了用假肢走路。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：小时候，她就开始参加体操、啦啦队、滑冰、骑自行车和攀岩等运动。A.entertainment娱乐；B.sports运动；C.procedures步骤；D.jobs工作。根据“includinggymnastics,cheerleading,iceskating,biking,androckclimbing.”可知，她开始参加各种运动。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡开始在她祖父母家游泳，她对游泳充满热情，从未让自己的残疾阻碍过她。A.enthusiastic热情的；B.cautious小心的，谨慎的；C.certain确定的；D.particular特别的。根据下文“Shereallyexcelledatswimming.”可知，她对游泳充满热情。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.look看；B.get得到；C.hold举办，保持；D.put放置。根据“neveronceallowingherdisability”可知，从未让自己的残疾阻碍过她。holdsth.back为固定短语，意为“阻止”。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我总是喜欢在游泳时假装自己是一条鱼或一条美人鱼。A.bird鸟；B.fish鱼；C.horse马；D.angel天使。根据“oramermaidwhileswimming.”可知，她总是喜欢在游泳时假装自己是一条鱼或一条美人鱼。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她开始比赛后不久，杰西卡被选为马里兰州残疾女游泳运动员。A.considered考虑；B.selected挑选；C.treated对待，治疗；D.praised赞美。根据“Shortlyafter\nshestartedcompeting”可知，杰西卡被选为马里兰州残疾女游泳运动员。故选B。33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管Long因身体缺陷而感到悲伤，但她还是被鼓励参加了在希腊雅典举行的第一次残奥会。A.serious严重的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.sad难过的；D.honest诚实的。根据“withherphysicallimitations,”可知，Long因身体缺陷而感到悲伤。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她并没有止步于成功。A.resign辞职，放弃；B.panic使恐慌；C.agree同意；D.rest休息，停止。根据“Jessicahasgoneontowin23medalsforTeamUSAattheParalympics!”可知，杰西卡并没有止步于成功。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的职业生涯是在愤怒和挫折中开始的，但她现在是一股积极的力量，肩负着激励下一代残奥会运动员的使命！A.leisure休闲；B.finance金融；C.claim宣称，声明；D.career职业生涯。根据“outofangerandfrustration”可知，她的职业生涯是在愤怒和挫折中开始的。故选D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.force力量；B.detective侦探；C.candidate候选人，求职者；D.principle原理，原则。根据“inspirethenextgenerationofParalympians!”可知，她现在是一股积极的力量，肩负着激励下一代残奥会运动员的使命！故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡认为她的情况是一种机会，而不是一种不幸。A.warning警告；B.misfortune不幸；C.fantasy幻想，想象；D.mistake错误。根据“herconditionisanopportunityratherthan”可知，杰西卡认为她的情况不是一种不幸。故选B。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有残疾并不意味着她的生活不令人满意，杰西卡总是相信她可以做任何事情。A.satisfying令人满意的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.awkward令人尴尬的；D.efficient效率高的。根据“Jessicabelievesherconditionisanopportunityratherthana____17____.”可知，有残疾并不意味着她的生活不令人满意。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从不让自己放弃。A.slip下降，滑落；B.hide隐藏；C.quit放弃，离开；D.retire退休。根据“Shealwaysgives110%.”可知，此处表示她从不让自己放弃。故\n选C。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如她所说：“生活中唯一的残疾是消极的态度。”A.positive积极的；B.creative有创造性的；C.distant遥远的；D.negative消极的。根据“Theonlydisabilityinlife”可知，她认为生活中唯一的残疾是消极的态度。故选D。第二节（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。TheShenzhouXIIspacecraftdepartedChina’sTiangongspacestationonThursdaymorning,___41___(carry)threeChineseastronautsonajourneybacktoEarth,theChinaMannedSpaceAgencysaid.Itsaidinabriefstatement___42___thespacecraftleftthestationscoremodule(核心舱)at8:56amandstartedtoorbitEarthonitsown.Beforetheirdeparture,theastronautstransmittedsome___43___(experiment)databacktogroundcontrolandarrangedmaterialsinsidethestation,theagencysaid.ByThursdaymorning,thecrew___44___(be)inspacefor91days,almostthreetimeslongerthantheShenzhouXImission,___45___sawJingHaipengandChenDongspend33daysinorbit.ShenzhouXIIwaslaunchedonaLongMarch2FcarrierrocketonJune17fromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter.TheastronautsenteredTiangonglaterthatday,becoming___46___firstinhabitantsofthestation.TheirworkwasexpectedtoenabletheChinaMannedSpaceAgency___47___(accumulate)experienceandcheckthecapability,performanceandcompatibilityofsystemsinvolvedinthespacestationprogramtoprepareforthenextstepsinitsconstruction.Duringthemission,theastronautscarriedouttwoextravehicularactivities,orspacewalks,usingalargeroboticarmandother___48___(equip)toinstallandadjustdevicesoutsidethestation.Theyalsoperformedanumberofscientificexperimentsandtechnologicaltests,layinganimportanttechnicalfoundation___49___thefollowingmannedmissions.AfterlivinginthespacestationcoremoduleTianhefor90days,thespaceshipretunedas___50___(plan).【答案】41.carrying42.that43.experimental44.hadbeen45.which46.the\n47.toaccumulate48.equipment49.for50.planned【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国载人航天机构表示，周四上午，神舟十二号飞船从天宫空间站出发，载着三名中国宇航员返回地球。【41题详解】考查现在分词。句意：中国载人航天机构表示，周四上午，神舟十二号飞船从天宫空间站出发，载着三名中国宇航员返回地球。分析可知，句中谓语是departed，空格处用非谓语动词，“TheShenzhouXIIspacecraft”和carry之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。故填carrying。【42题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：它在一份简短的声明中说，宇宙飞船在上午8点56分离开空间站核心舱，并开始自己绕地球轨道运行。分析可知，空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句。故填that。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：该机构称，在出发前，宇航员向地面控制中心传送了一些实验数据，并在空间站内安排了材料。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词data，experiment的形容词是experimental，意为“实验的”。故填experimental。【44题详解】考查时态。句意：截至周四上午，航天员已经在太空停留了91天，几乎是神舟十一号任务的三倍，在神舟十一号任务中，景海鹏和陈冬在轨道上停留了33天。“By+时间点”作时间状语时，时态用完成时，Thursdaymorning是一个过去的时间，因此句子时态用过去完成时。故填hadbeen。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：截至周四上午，航天员已经在太空停留了91天，几乎是神舟十一号任务的三倍，在神舟十一号任务中，景海鹏和陈冬在轨道上停留了33天。分析可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词ShenzhouXImission是物，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。【46题详解】\n考查定冠词。句意：当天晚些时候，宇航员们进入了天宫，成为空间站的第一批居民。first是序数词，前面需加定冠词the。故填the。【47题详解】考查不定式。句意：他们的工作有望使中国载人航天机构积累经验，并检查空间站计划中涉及的系统的能力、性能和兼容性，为下一步的建设做准备。enablesb.todo是固定短语，意为“使某人能够做某事”，因此空格处用不定式toaccumulate。故填toaccumulate。【48题详解】考查名词。句意：在这次任务中，宇航员进行了两次舱外活动，即太空行走，使用大型机械臂和其他设备安装和调整空间站外的设备。other后跟名词，equip的名词是equipment，意为“设备”，是不可数名词。故填equipment。【49题详解】考查介词。句意：他们也开展了一系列科学实验和技术试验，为后续载人航天任务奠定了重要技术基础。根据语境可知，句子表示“他们也开展了一系列科学实验和技术试验，为后续载人航天任务奠定了重要技术基础”，空格处意为“为”，用介词for。故填for。【50题详解】考查时态，语态和省略。句意：在空间站核心舱“天河号”生活了90天后，飞船按计划返回。根据语境和句意可知，句子表示“飞船按照它们被计划的那样返回”，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，且飞船是被计划，as引导的方式状语从句用一般过去时的被动语态，是asitwasplanned，状语从句中主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是planned。故填planned。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Responsibilityisoneofthemostimportanthumanquality.Responsiblepeoplecanbetrusted,\nandthisbenefitstoboththepersonandthepeoplecountedonhim.Noonecanbecomesuccessfulwithoutgoodsenseofresponsibility.Whatdoesresponsibilitymeanforwestudents?Firstly,beingresponsiblemeansmakingourownchoices,attendingclassesontime,andcleaningourownroomsregular.Secondly,beingresponsiblemeanscaringaboutothersinsocialcommunication.Therefore,weshouldhelpthemwhentheywereinneedofhelp.Finally,weareallmembersofourcountry,thatimpliesweneedtoobeythelaws,regulationsandrulesofthecountry.Beside,weneedtodosomevoluntaryworkforourcommunity.Allinall,beingresponsiblesurelyenableustocontributetotheworld.Let’sberesponsible.【答案】1.quality→qualities2.删除to3.counted→counting4.without后添加a5.we→us6.regular→regularly7.were→are8.that→which9.Beside→Besides10.enable→enables【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了责任的重要性以及学生的责任。【详解】1.考查名词的数。句意：责任是人类最重要的品质之一。quality为可数名词，此处为oneof+形容词最高级+可数名词复数。故quality改为qualities。2.考查动词用法。句意：有责任心的人是可以信任的，这对他本人和依靠他的人都有好处。benefit为及物动词，可直接跟宾语。故删除to。3.考查非谓语动词。句意：有责任心的人是可以信任的，这对他本人和依靠他的人都有好处。分析句子结构可知count在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故counted改为counting。4.考查冠词。句意：没有一个良好的责任感，没有人能成成功。结合句意表示“责任感”可知短语为asenseofresponsibility。故without后添加a。\n5.考查代词。句意：对于我们学生来说，责任意味着什么？此处作宾语，应用代词us。故we改us。6.考查副词。句意：首先，负责意味着我们自己的选择，按时上课，定期打扫自己的房间。修饰动词clean应用副词regularly，故regular改为regularly。7.考查时态。句意：因此，当他们需要帮助时，我们应该帮助他们。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为they，be动词用are。故were改为are。8.考查定语从句。句意：最后，我们都是我们国家成员，这意味着我们需要遵守国家的法律、法规和规则。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，应用which；that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为which。9.考查副词。句意：此外，我们需要为我们的社区做一些志愿工作。表示“此外”应用副词besides，beside为介词，表示“在旁边”不符合语境。故Beside改为Besides。10.考查主谓一致。句意：总之，负责任肯定能使我们对世界有所贡献。此处动名词作主语，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故enable改为enables。书面表达（满分25分）52.假如你是李华，你的英国朋友John发来邮件，想了解你未来的职业。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.你未来想从事的职业2.你选择该职业的原因3.……注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当地增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJohn,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJohn,\nI’mmorethandelightedtohearfromyou.Inyourletteryouaskedmeaboutmycareerchoiceforthefuture,soI’mnowwritingtosharemyviewsaboutit.Inthefuture,I’mdyingtobeadoctor.Foronething,ifIamadoctor,IcanmakeuseofwhatIhavelearnedtorelievepatient’spainsandeversavetheirlives.Foranother,IhavealwaysbeenkeenonChinesemedicine,whichfeaturesmagiceffect.ShouldIbeadmittedtoamedicalcollegethisyear,IwouldmakeeveryefforttorediscoverthevalueofChinesemedicine,makingitmorepopularintheworld.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友写封邮件，告诉他关于你未来想选择的职业以及原因。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：delighted→pleased观点：view→opinion渴望做某事：bedyingtodosth.→beeagertodosth.尽全力做某事：makeeveryefforttodosth.→sparenoefforttodosth.2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Inthefuture,I’mdyingtobeadoctor.拓展句：Inthefuture,I’mdyingtobeadoctor,becauseIthinkdoctorisasacredprofession.【点睛】【高分句型1】Foronething,ifIamadoctor,IcanmakeuseofwhatIhavelearnedtorelievepatient’spainsandeversavetheirlives.(运用了if引导的状语从句和what引导的宾语从句)【高分句型2】Foranother,IhavealwaysbeenkeenonChinesemedicine,whichfeaturesmagiceffect.(运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)【高分句型3】ShouldIbeadmittedtoamedicalcollegethisyear,IwouldmakeeveryefforttorediscoverthevalueofChinesemedicine,makingitmorepopularintheworld.(运用了虚拟语气的\n倒装)听力答案：1-5AACCB6-10BBCAA11-15BBAAC16-20CBBCA
