山西大学附中2021～2022学年高三第一学期期中考试英语试题考试时间：9：50--11：30满分：150分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A原创题ChinapublisheditsofficialdocumentonbiodiversityconservationonOct8,2021.ItsaidthatChinahasachievedgreatresultsinbiodiversityconservation.In2010,theChinaNationalBiodiversityConservationStrategyandActionPlan(2011-2030)waspublished.Sincethen,Chinahasbeenworkingforabetterecologicalenvironmentthroughestablishingandimprovingpoliciesandlaws,carryingoutnationwidebiodiversitysurveys,andputtingintoplacevariousprogramsandactionplansforbiodiversityconservation.ProtectedareasThereareabout10,000protectednaturalareas,covering18percentoftotallandarea.Thewell-plannedprotectedareassystemhasbrought90percentofterrestrial(陆地的)ecosystemtypesand71percentofkeystate-protectedwildlifespeciesundereffectiveprotection. PlantsChinahascontributedupto10percentofthenewplantvarietiesidentifiedworldwideinthepastdecade.Inthisperiod,thecountryidentifiedabout200newvarietiesofplantsperyear. WildanimalsThehabitatsforwildanimalsinChinahavebeenexpandingandtheirpopulationsaregrowing.Thepopulationofgiantpandasinthewildhasgrownfrom1,114to1,864overthepastfourdecades.Thecrestedibis(朱鹮)populationhasincreasedfromonlyseventoover5,000. GreennessChinawasthelargestcontributortotheworld’sgainingreennessbetween2000and2017.Thecountrycontributedabout25percentofglobalvegetationgrowthintheperiodandChina’sforestcoverageandforestreserveareashavebothcontinuedtoexpandforthelast 30years.Thecountryhasrealizedthelargestgrowthinforestresourcesamongallcountriesintheworld.1.InChina’seffortstoprotectbiodiversity,thefollowingelementsarementionedEXCEPT____________?A.thehabitatsforwildanimalsB.theaccessiblewaterresourcesC.forestreserveareasandcoverageD.thewell-plannedprotectedareassystem2.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.China’scontributiontotheworldB.IncreasingprotectionforanimalsC.China’scontributiontogreennessD.China’seffortsonbiodiversityconservation3.Thearticleismostlikelyfrom_______?A.anacademicpaperB.astudentdiaryC.ChinaDailyD.fashionmagazineB原创题,HewasthesonofLiangQichao,oneofthefamousthinkersofearly-20th-centuryChina.ButLiangSichengmadeanameforhimselfandisconsideredtobethe“fatherofmodernChinesearchitecture”.2021marksthe120thanniversaryofhisbirth.Tocelebrateit,anexhibition–Liang:theOverarching–isbeingheldattheTsinghuaUniversityArtMuseumuntilOct20.Morethan300photos,videos,drawings,models,lettersandotheritemsaredisplayed. LiangstudiedarchitectureintheUS.ButhehadastronginterestinChinesearchitectureandreturnedtoChinain1928afterreceivinghismaster’sdegree.Inthe1930sand1940s,LiangdevotedhimselftodocumentingancientChinesebuildingsandsharinghisknowledgewiththepublic. AccordingtoCCTV,LiangandhiswifeLinHuiyinvisitedmorethan2,700historicalbuildingsacrossChina.Theymeasuredanddocumentedthestructures.Itwasn’taneasytask.Mostofthesebuildingswerelocatedindistantpartsofthecountry.Sothecouplehadto“travelmuddy,poorlymaintainedroadsbymule,rickshaw(黄包车)oronfoot”,notedTheNewYorkTimes.Buttheynevergaveup.TheirhardworkpaidoffwhenLiangpublishedhisbook,AHistoryofChineseArchitecture,whichwasthefirstofitskind. AsLiangoncewrote,“Architectureistheepitome(缩影)ofsociety,thesymbolofthepeople...andthecrystallizationofthehumanrace…oncedestroyed,itisirrecoverable.”Withthisinmind,Liangworkedhardtokeepoldbuildings.AfterthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949,heworkedasoneofBeijing’scityplanners.LiangadvisedthatanewadministrativecenterforgovernmentbuildingsshouldbebuiltwestoftheForbiddenCity,farawayfromtheInnerCity.AllofBeijing’sancientgatesandcitywallsshouldbekept.Sadly,hisadvicewasnotacceptedatthattime. LiangalsohelpedyoungChinesepeoplegetthechancetolearnaboutarchitecture.HefoundedtheArchitectureDepartmentofNortheastUniversityin1928andofTsinghuaUniversityin1946.AccordingtoPrincetonUniversity,whichawardedLianganhonorarydoctoraldegreein1947,hewas“acreativearchitectwhohasalsobeenateacherofarchitecturalhistory,apioneerinhistoricalresearchandexplorationinChinesearchitectureandplanning,andaleaderintherestorationandpreservationofthepricelessmonumentsofhiscountry”.1.QinghuaUniversityheldtheexhibitioninorderto____________. A.showthehappylifeofLiangandLinHuiyinB.celebratethe120thanniversaryofLiang’sbirthC.honortheagreatthinker--LiangQichaoD.popularizethedevelopmentofChinesearchitecture5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Lianggotthedoctor’sdegreebeforehewentbacktoChinatoworkB.BeijinggovernmentvaluedhisadviceincityplanningC.LiangmadegreatcontributioninrecordingthehistoricbuildingD.LiangwasthefounderofArchitectureDepartmentofTongjiUniversity6.AllofthefollowingarethetitlesPrincetonUniversityawardedLiangEXCEPT________.A.arevolutionistB.apioneerC.anarchitectD.aleader7.Whatisauthor’sattitudetowardsLiang?A.accuseandblameB.disapproveandobjectC.doubtandquestionD.respectandadmireC,Atthestartofthe20thcentury,anAmericanengineernamedJohnElfrethWatkinsmadepredictionsaboutlifetoday.Hispredictionsaboutslowingpopulationgrowth,mobilephonesandincreasingheightwereclosetothemark.Buthewaswronginoneprediction:thateverybodywouldwalk10milesaday.Today,inAustralia,mostchildrenonaveragefall2,000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytheyneedtoavoidbeingoverweight.Intheearly1970s,40percentofchildrenwalkedtoschool,whilein2010,itwasaslowas15percent.Thedeclineisnotbecausewehaveallbecomelazy.Familiesarepressedfortime,manywithbothparentsworkingtopayfortheirhouse,oftenworkinghoursnotoftheirchoosing,livingincar-dependentneighborhoodswithlimitedpublictransport.Theothersideofthecoinisequallyadeprivation:forhealthandwell-being,aswellaslostopportunitiesforchildrentogettoknowtheirlocalsurroundings.Andforparentstherearelostopportunitiestowalkandtalkwiththeiryoungscholarabouttheirday.Mostparentswillhaveeagerlyaskedtheirchildabouttheirday,onlytomeetwitha“good”,quicklyfollowedby"I'mhungry".Thisisalsomyexperienceasamother.Butsomewhereoverthedailywalkmoreaboutmyson'sdaycomesout.Ihearhimmakingsenseoffriendshipanditslimits.Thisistheunexpectedandrareparentalopportunitytohearmore.Manyprimaryschoolssupportwalkingschool-busroutes,withdaysofregular,parent-accompaniedwalks.Doingjustoneoftheseafewtimesaweekisbetterthannothing.Itcanbetoughtobeginandtakesalittleplanning---runningshoesbythefrontdoor,lunchesmadethenightbefore,umbrellasonrainydaysandhatsonhotones-butit'scertainlyworthtrying.8.WhydoestheauthormentionWatkins'predictionsinthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakecomparisons.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Tosupportherargument.D.Toprovideexamples.9.WhathascausedthedecreaseinAustralianchildren'sphysicalactivity?A.Plainlaziness.B.Healthproblems.C.Lackoftime.D.Securityconcerns.10.Whydoestheauthorfindwalkingwithhersonworthwhile?A.Shecangetrelaxedafterwork.B.Shecankeepphysicallyfit.C.Shecanhelpwithherson'sstudy.D.Shecanknowhersonbetter.11.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethattowalkschool-busroutes,_________A.manyschoolsencourageparentstoaccompanykidstoschool.B.kidsneedtomakenopreparation.C.parentsdon’thavetotakeweatherconditionintoconsiderationD.parentshavetosticktoiteveryday.DAsdigitaldeviceshavetakenoversociety,“keyboardactivityisnowoftenrecommendedasasubstituteforearlyhandwriting,"anewstudynotes.Theideaisthattypingmaybeeasierforyoungchildren.“SomeschoolsinNorwayhavebecomecompletelydigital,"notesAudreyVanderMeer,thenewstudy'sleader,whomeasuresbrainactivitytobetterunderstandlearningandbehaviors.SheworksattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinTrondheim.Thehumanbrainhasdevelopedtointeractwiththeworldinasmanywaysaspossible,shenotes.Shebelievesthatyoungchildrenshouldlearntowritebyhandsuccessfully,and,atthesametimelearntomanageakeyboard.Usingapeninvolvesmoreofthebrainthanusingakeyboard,hernewfindingsshow.Thisis,becausewritingandprintinginvolvecomplexmovementsthatactivatemoreareasofthebrain.Theincreasedbrainactivity,"givesthebrainmore'hooks'tohangyourmemorieson,"sheexplains.Thinkaboutit.Thesamemovementisrequiredtotypeeachletteronakeyboard.Bycomparison,whenwewrite,ourbrainneedstothinkaboutandrecovermemoriesoftheshapeofeachletter.Wealsoneedtouseoureyestowatchwhatshapeswe'rewriting.Andweneedtocontrolourhandstopressapenorpenciltoshapethedifferentletters.Allofthisusesandconnectsmoreareasofthebrain.Alongtheway,theseprocessesappearto“openthebrainupforlearning",saysVanderMeer.Solearningthroughonlyoneformat—digitalcouldbeharmful,sheworries.VanderMeeralsopointsoutthattakingnotesbyhandstimulates"visualnotetaking".Ratherthantypingblindly,thevisualnote-takerhastothinkaboutwhatisimportanttowritedown.Then,keywordscanbe"interlinkedbyboxes,andarrows,andsupplementedbysmalldrawings".12.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Digitaldevicesarepopularwithstudents.B.Handwritingbeatstypingintakingnotes.C.Theprocessoftakingnoteschangesthinking.D.Thenewstudymakescontributionstoscience.13.WhatshouldyoungkidsdoaccordingtoVanderMeer?A.Communicatewiththeworld.B.Relyonkeyboardactivity.C.Learntowritebyhand.D.Masterbasicdrawingskills.14.Howdoestheauthordrawtheconclusion?A.Bystudyinghowthebraindevelops.B.Byobservingsocialphenomena.C.Byassessingfunctionsofsenses.D.Bycomparingwaysoftakingnotes.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythetextappear?A.Relationship.B.Fashion.C.Culture.D.Science.第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mostpeopledon'tchange.Theyjustbecomemorethewaytheyalreadyare.Whilethereareexceptions,mostpeoplefindchangedifficultforseveralreasons.16Fewpeoplehaveanaccurateviewofwhotheyareandthereforedon'trecognizetheaspectsofthemselvesthatneedimprovement.Mostpeoplewanttobelievethey'rewell-balancedandevenoutstandinginmanyways.17.Thenthereisthehumantendencytoexplainone'sdifficulties,short-comingsandfailuresbyblamingsomebodyelse.Youmayfindmanypeoplearoundyoublametheirpoorperformanceonothers.18Youwillprobablyneverhearanyonetellyou,"IgotfiredbecauseIwasdoingaterriblejob."Fewpeoplearewillingtoacceptthattheirowncharactertraitsandchoicesarethemaincausesofthekindoflifetheylead.Finally,mostpeoplefindittoochallengingtochangeasitinvolvesalotofhardworkanddifficultchoices.Evenwhenyouhavelearnedenoughaboutyourtruenature,youthenneedtodosomethingaboutit.19Meanwhile,therealitycanbereallydiscouraging:youdomuchhardworkbuttheresultsareneverthesortofidealchangeyou'relookingfor.Nomatterhowdifficultitis,youstillneedtofindyourownwaytochange.20Realchangebeginswiththerecognitionofthesewaysinwhichyouhaveremainedthesameandmade,thesameunfortunatechoicesyourentirelife.A.Andyouneedtodothatoverandoveragain.B.However,youhavelittlechoicebuttochange,C.Theydon'tknowthemselvesverywell,tobeginwith.D.Theyallwanttothinkofthemselvesasspecialandgifted.E.Atfirst,theydon'tthinkchangecanbringaboutencouragingresults.F.Youcanreviewthepastandmakealistofthewaysinwhichyouhaven'tchanged.G.Theyarelikelytopaintthemselvesasvictimsbutneverrecognizetheirownproblems.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。WhenImarriedmywifeMartha,itwasthemostbeautifuldayofmylife.Halfwaythroughthereception,my21tappedmegentlyontheshoulderIheardherwhisper,“Willyou22withme,sweetheart?”“Sure,”Isaid,smiling,whensomeguestspulledmeoffintheirdirection.Anhourlatermymother23again.AndagainIreadily24,smilingandreachingforherwitha（n）25butlettingsomeoldcollegefriendsplaceabeerthereinstead.ThenmywifeandIwereoffonourhoneymoon.Anagging（烦人的）26grewinthebackofmymindduringthehoneymoon.Whenwefinally27ournewhome,aphonemessagetoldusourpictureswere28atthephotographer's.Weunpackedslowlyandthendrovetopickthemup.Hourslater,afterwehadexaminedeveryonewith29memories,Iheldoneouttoreflectuponinprivate.Itwasapictureoftwohappyguests,sweatyintheirdancing.Butitwasn’tthecoupleIwas30.There,inthebackground,I31afamiliarfigure—mydearmotherwhowas32.AndIdidn'tthinktheyweretearsof33.Ithendrovetomymother'sapartmentafewmilesaway.“I’msorry,Ineverdancedwithyou,Mom.”Isaid.MomlookedatmeandsaidsomethingI'llnever34,“Nonsense,dear.You'vedancedenoughwithmeinmylifetime.Andwhileyouwerebeingtheperfect35andmakingallofyourguestsfeelsospecial,Iwatchedyouandfeltnothingbut36.That'swhata37is,honey.Somethingold,somethingnew.Somethingborrowed,somethingblue.”“Well,thisoldwoman,whowaswearingblue,watchedyoudancewithyourbeautifulnewbride,andI38Ihadtogiveyouup,39Ihadyousomanyyearstomyself,butIcouldonlyborrowyouuntilyoufoundtheladyofyourdreams.”Bothofourtearscoveredhersofathatday.Andafterthetalk,IaskedMomforadance.Unlikeme,shedidn't40.21.A.wifeB.motherC.guestD.photographer22.A.danceB.chatC.walkD.drink23.A.stoppedB.followedC.triedD.failed24.A.checkedB.escapedC.agreedD.left25.A.handB.armC.footD.finger26.A.curiosityB.puzzleC.mistakeD.concern27.A.headedforB.returnedtoC.boughtD.decorated28.A.disappearingB.showingC.hangingD.waiting,29.A.unclearB.shortC.fondD.old30.A.talkingtoB.focusingonC.lookingforD.worryingabout31.A.spottedB.appreciatedC.enjoyedD.glanced32.A.complainingB.wavingC.weepingD.dreaming33.A.joyB.successC.luckD.regret34.A.doubtB.understandC.imagineD.forget35.A.friendB.sonC.husbandD.host36.A.prideB.braveryC.excitementD.relaxation37.A.meetingB.partyC.weddingD.honeymoon38.A.rememberedB.knewC.pretendedD.promised39.A.thoughB.ifC.becauseD.unless40.A.forgiveB.blameC.obeyD.refuse第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。原创题Whenwethinkofthemostrespectedawardsintheworld,theNobelPrizemustbeon____list.CreatedbySwedishinventorAlfredNobelin1895,theprizerecognizesachievementsinsciencesandthepeoplebehindthem,______(encourage)theyounggenerationtoengagein________(science)researchandculturalcreation.EveryyearinOctober,theannouncementofwinnerscatchestheworld’sattention.Butwhatistheimportancebehindthisaward?AccordingtofounderNobel______(he),theprizeisforpeoplewhohaveprovided“thegreatestbenefittohumankind”.AnumberofNobelPrizeshaverewardeddiscoveries_______haveledtocuresfordiseasesandhealthproblems.Numerouscomponentsintelephones,computersandtelecommunicationsystemsare______(true)thefruitsofNobelPrize-awardedwork.Otherprizeshaverecognizedthosewhohavehelpedtocreateamorepeacefulworld.Theindividuals______(select)andthecontributionstheymadeshowhowscience,literatureandpeaceeffortsimproveandchangetheworldandbetterourlives.Thinkabouttheplasticbagsinsupermarkets.Plasticwouldn’thavebeeninvented______FriedrichWilhelmOstwald’sresearchoncatalysis(催化作用).TheGermanscientistwontheNobelPrizein1909.Inrecentyears,Chinesepeople________(pay)moreattentiontotheresultsoftheNobelPrize,followingmanyprizes’uplifting________(recognize)ofChinesescientistsandwriters,suchas2012NobelliteratureprizewinnerMoYan,andTuYouyou,China’sfirstNobelwinnerinphysiologyormedicinein2015. 第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节：短文改错原创题（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共,有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其正下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词正下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词，请严格按照要求格式修改。2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Iusedtofollowotherpeople’smethodsoflearnEnglish,butIdon’tgetgoodgrades.ButIdecidedtocombinemyinterestsandtolearningEnglish.NowIoftenwatchBritishdramasandlistentoEnglishsongswhatarepopularoverandoveragain.Afterrepeatedlylisteningandwatching,Ilearnnewwords,authenticexpressionandWesternthinkingpatterns.IalsoreadfewforeignbooksliketheHarryPotterseriesandlistentoshortaudiocoursesandstories.ThosethingsallowsmetoimproveyourEnglishability,notjustEnglishscores. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分）假定你是Lucy，准备竞选学生社团“英语沙龙(EnglishSalon)”的主席，请用英语写一篇竞选演讲稿。主要内容包括：1、个人优势；2、工作设想参考词汇：竞选runfor注意：1.100词左右；2.适当增加内容,合理组织语言使上下文连贯;3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。Goodafternoon,mydearfriends,Thanksalotforyourcomingtothiselectioncampaign.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________山大附中2021~2022学年第一学期期中考试高三年级英语答案考试时间：9：50--11：30命题人：闫黎夏满分：150分Readingcomprehension每题3分共20小题总分60分BDCBCADBCDABCDDCDGAFCloze每题2分共20小题总分40分BACCADBDCBACADDACBCD,Gap-filling每题1.5分共10小题总分15分1.the2.encouraging3.scientific4.himself5.that/which6.truly7.selected8.without9.havepaid10.recognitionProof-reading共10处错每处1分共10分1.learn改为learning2.don’t改为didn’t3.But改为So4.删除to5.what改为that/which6.repeatedly改为repeated7.expression改为expressions8.few前面加a9.allows改为allow10.your改为myWriting：满分25分Onepossibleversion:Goodafternoon,mydearfriends,Thanksalotforyourcomingtothiselectioncampaign.MynameisLucy,fromClass5,Grade2.I’mdelightedtorecommendmyselftorunforthechairmanofEnglishSalon.I’moutgoing,enthusiasticandcanalwaysgetalongharmoniouslywithothers.Inaddition,myrelatedworkingexperiencewillbeofgreathelptomyfuturework.ItismyfluentEnglish,strongspiritofteamworkandabilitytoorganizevariousactivitiesthatforsuremakememorequalifiedfortheposition.IfIgetelected,undoubtedly,IwillcooperatewellwithmyfellowmembersandtakeeffectivemeasurestogreatlypromoteourEnglishlevel,makingEnglishSalonmoreattractiveandinteresting.I’llsparenoefforttoservemyfellowstudents.I’mconvincedthatyou’llmakearightdecision.Withoutdoubt,I’myourbestchoice.That’sall.Thankyouforyourattention!
