重庆南开中学高2022级高三第一次质量检测英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。共150分，共12页。2.全部答案在答题卡上相应区域内完成，在本试卷上作答无效。选择题请使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题请使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答。要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。3.请在答题卡规定的地方填写好个人信息，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码是否与本人的信息一致。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASesameprawntoastisanall-timefavoritepartofaChinesetakeawaybuthaveyouevertriedmakingyourown?Notonlydoesitmakeforasatisfyingsmallsnack,butit'salsoagreatwaytouseuptheleftoverbreadthat'sbeensittinginyourbreadbin.PrawntoastisaHongkongese-Cantonesedimsumdishandisanexampleofanearlyformoffusioncuisine,combiningprawnpaste—astapleofHongKongcuisine-andtoast,whichoriginatesfromtheWest.Don'tforgetsoysauceorsweetchillisaucefordipping.Method:1.Placetheprawns,garlic,ginger,eggwhite,sugarandsoyinafoodprocessorandmakeapaste.Stirinthespringonion.Removeitintoabowl.Coverandputintherefrigeratorforatleast30minutes.2.Lightlybrushonesideofeachsliceofbreadwithsesameoil.Spreadtheprawnmixtureontop.Brushthebeateneggcarefullyoverthetopandsidesandsprinklewithsesameseedssotheysticktotheprawnmixture.3.Heataninchofvegetableoilinadeepfryingpanuntilhot,andcookeachpieceofbreadit'seasiertocookoneatatime.Firstly,cookthenon-spread-sidedownfor1minute,thencarefullyturnoverandcookfor1-2minsontheprawnsideoruntilthesesameseedsaregoldenandtheprawnpasteiscookedthrough.,4.Cuteachpieceintofourtrianglesandenjoy!1.Whatdoyouknowaboutprawntoast?A.Itusedtobeakindoftakeawayfood.B.Itcanonlybemadefromleftoverbread.C.ItisaHongkongese-Cantonesedimsumdish.D.ItisastaplefoodwhichoriginatesfromtheWest.2.Howshouldtheprawnsbepreparedbeforecooking?A.Itshouldbemadeintoapaste.B.ItshouldbestirredwithbreadC.ItshouldbeshapedlikeabowlD.Itshouldbefrozenfor20minutes.3.Whichpartofamagazinedoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.HealthTips.B.WorldKitchen.C.LocalTravel.D.CulturalHighlights.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了制作芝麻虾吐司的步骤和方法。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“PrawntoastisaHongkongese-Cantonesedimsumdishandisanexampleofanearlyformoffusioncuisine,combiningprawnpaste—astapleofHongKongcuisine-andtoast,whichoriginatesfromtheWest.(虾吐司是一种港式粤菜点心，是早期融合菜肴的一个例子，它结合了香港菜的主食大虾酱和源自西方的吐司)”可知，虾吐司是一种港式粤菜点心。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“1.Placetheprawns,garlic,ginger,eggwhite,sugarandsoyinafoodprocessorandmakeapaste.(1.将虾、蒜、姜、蛋白、糖和酱油放入食品加工机中，做成糊)”可知，大虾在烹饪前应该把它做成糊状。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Sesameprawntoastisanall-timefavoritepartofaChinesetakeawaybuthaveyouevertriedmakingyourown?Notonlydoesitmakeforasatisfyingsmallsnack,butit'salsoagreatwaytouseuptheleftoverbreadthat'sbeensittinginyourbreadbin.(芝麻虾吐司一直是中国外卖中最受欢迎的部分，但你试过自己做吗？这不仅是一种令人满意的小零食，也是一种很好的方式来消耗掉你面包箱里剩下的面包)”结合文章主要介绍了制作芝麻虾吐司的步骤和方法。可推知，这篇文章可能来自杂志的“世界厨房”版面。故选B。BIwasexcitedabouthavingathirdchild,butworriedaboutthefirstyear.Afriendofminewho'safilmmakersaid,"Whydon'tyoujustphotographthewholething?"SoIhadoneholderforthecameraoverthechangingtableandanotherwhereInursed.Iwasn'tsurethatanythingwould,evercomeoutofit.Ihadnotevenlookedatthephotographsuntilacoupleofmonthsago.TheyjustseemedsoquotidianthatIcouldn'timaginethattheywouldbeinterestingatall.Timecanturnphotographsintometaphororallowthemtobecomeasymbolinsteadofadocumentarypicture.Attheparticularmomentofhavinganewborn,mothers'needsareonthemindsofthecountry.However,motherloadisaboutwhatmothersdon'tshow：theemotionsandpsychologicalstatesthatwe'veallbeensocializedtobury.It'snotsomuchaboutmypersonalexistenceasitisabouttheblurred（模糊的）existence,allthattimespentkeepingsomethingalive.Havinganewbornisaveryugly,untidytimeoflife.Ifeltoutofthepicture.Ifeltverystressedandveryneeded,butalsoveryinvisible.Theimagesgetatthatunrealqualityofnotfeelinglikeawholeperson.I'mnotreallyinfocus,becausemybrainisn'tinfocuseither.Ican'ttellyouhowmanytimesI'vecheckedanartist'sbiographytosee,OhGod,she'ssogreat,butdoesshehavechildren?Like,areweinthesamerace?Becauseit'slikerunningwithweightson.ButwhenIlookatthepictures,Ifeellikeasurvivor.4.Theauthordocumentedthemonthsfollowingthebirthofherthirdchildbecause_________.A.shefelttheperiodveryterribleB.shefavoredherthirdchildmostC.shewasencouragedbyherfriendD.shefellinlovewiththefilmmaker5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"quotidian"inParagraph1mean?A.Fantastic.B.Ordinary.C.Reliable.D.Familiar.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofmotherload?A.Mothersprefertosocializewithothersnearby.B.Mothersattempttouncovertheirmentalstates.C.Motherstendtohavetheirownsenseofexistenceignored.D.Mothersenjoythesweetburdenofkeepingsomethingalive.7.Whydoestheauthormentionagreatartistinthelastparagraph?A.Becauseshewantstoshowhowweaksheis.B.Becauseshefindsitgoodtohavenochildren.CBecauseshelovesreadingtheartist'sbiography.D.Becauseshefeelsithardtoshoulderthemotherload.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者记录了自己从有了第三个孩子后在朋友的鼓励下拍摄下一切的经历和感受。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Afriendofminewho'safilmmakersaid,"Whydon'tyoujust,photographthewholething?"”(我的一个做电影的朋友说：“你为什么不把整件事都拍下来呢？”)可知，作者记录了她第三个孩子出生后的几个月，因为她受到了朋友的鼓励。故选C。5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段倒第二句中的“Icouldn'timaginethattheywouldbeinterestingatall”(我无法想象他们会很有趣)可知，此处是指它们很寻常，看不出来如何有趣，所以quotidian意为“寻常的”。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“However,motherloadisaboutwhatmothersdon'tshow:theemotionsandpsychologicalstatesthatwe'veallbeensocializedtobury”(然而，“母亲负荷”指的是母亲没有表现出来的东西：我们都被社会化埋葬了的情绪和心理状态)可知，作者认为“母亲负荷”是指母亲们往往忽视自己的存在感。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Becauseit'slikerunningwithweightson.ButwhenIlookatthepictures,Ifeellikeasurvivor.”(因为这就像负重跑步。但当我看到这些照片时，我觉得自己像个幸存者。)可知，作者在最后一段提到了一位伟大的艺术家是因为她觉得承担母亲的重担很难。故选D。CSummerfloodsareanannualoccurrenceformanycitiesacrossChina.AccordingtotheStateFloodControlandDroughtReliefHeadquarters,in2012,urbanfloodingaffected184cities,whilein2013thenumberwas234,andlastyearitwas125,itsaid.Now,newmeasuresarebeingintroducedtoreducelossoflifeandtheeconomicdamagecausedbyflooding.Oneofthemosteffectivemeasurestoincreasetheefficiencyofstormdrainsincitieswouldbetoreducethestorm-waterrunoffandraisethelevelsofwaterfiltration（过滤）andconservationinurbanareas,expertssaid.Tosolvetheproblemofurbanfloodingonceandforall,thecentralgovernmenthasdecidedtopushforwardthe"SpongeCity"program,whichinpartborrowstheexperiencesoflow-impactdevelopmentfromtheUnitedStatesandCanadainrecentyears.Theprogramwillallowatleast60percentofrainwatertosoakintotheground,ratherthanbeingdischargedintorivers.Theleveloffiltrationcouldbefurtherraisedinsomeareaswithlowlevelsofrainfalltoincreasetheuseofrainwater.Theprojectincludesthedevelopmentofresidentialcommunitieswithstorageponds,filtrationpoolsandwetlands,plusroadsandsquaresbuiltwithmaterialsthatwillallowstormwatertosoakintothegroundmoreeffectively,accordingtotheguideline."Itwouldrequireamajorshiftinideasabouturbanconstruction.Rainwatershouldberegardedasaresource,ratherthanaburdentobedealtwith.Conceptsofurbanconstructionshouldshiftfromthedestructionoftheecosystemtoitsrenewal,"ChenZhenggao,MinisterofHousingand,Urban-ruralDevelopment,toldaworkconferenceinMay."Iftheurbanrunoffcannotbeeffectivelyfilteredintotheground,thefloodsthatfollowwillcausethedirectlossoflifeandproperty,"hesaid.Healsobelieveslow-impactdevelopmentrepresentsthefutureofthecountry'surbanizationdrive."It（thedealingwithstormwater）isanissueofpublicsecurity.Thusitshouldbeacompulsoryrequirementwhennewurbanareasarebeingplannedandbuilt,"hesaid.8.Thepurposetobuilda"SpongeCity"isto________.A.reducethestorm-waterrunoffinurbanareasB.raisethelevelsofwaterfiltrationandconservationC.addresstheproblemofurbanfloodingpermanentlyD.achievelow-impactdevelopmentwithborrowedexperiences9.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Atmost60%ofrainwateristosoakintotheground.B.Theleveloffiltrationcouldbeincreasedinareaswithmorerainfall.C.Residentialcommunitiesshouldbereplacedbyponds,poolsandwetlandsD.Roadsshouldbebuiltwithmaterialsallowingwatertosoakintotheground10.WhatcanweinferfromChenZhenggao'sremarks?A.FloodstakeplacebecauseoftheshiftoftheecosystemB.Floodswillnothappenwhen,urbanrunoffisfilteredintorivers.C.Newurbanconstructionconceptmeansreplacementoftheecosystem.D.Low-impacturbandevelopmentisamusttosolvetheissueofpublicsecurity.11Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.SummerfloodshavealwaysbeenanissueforcitiesB."SpongeCity"programissettosoakupurbanfloodwater.C.Rainwatershouldberegardedasaresourceratherthanaburden.D.Low-impactdevelopmentcanchangethesituationofurbanecosystem【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述夏季洪水是中国许多城市每年都会发生的事，国家推进“海绵城市”计划来解决城市洪涝问题【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Tosolvetheproblemofurbanfloodingonceandforall,thecentralgovernmenthasdecidedtopushforwardthe"SpongeCity"program,whichinpartborrowstheexperiencesoflow-impactdevelopmentfromtheUnitedStatesandCanadainrecentyears.（为了一劳永逸地解决城市洪涝问题，中央政府决定推进“海绵城市”计划，该计划部分借鉴了美国和加拿大近年来低影响发展的经验。）”由此可知推进“海绵城市”计划是为了解决城市洪涝问题，故选C。【9题详解】,细节理解题。根据第三段“Theprojectincludesthedevelopmentofresidentialcommunitieswithstorageponds,filtrationpoolsandwetlands,plusroadsandsquaresbuiltwithmaterialsthatwillallowstormwatertosoakintothegroundmoreeffectively,accordingtotheguideline.（根据指导意见，该项目包括开发带有蓄水池、过滤池和湿地的住宅社区，以及使用材料建造的道路和广场，这些材料将使雨水更有效地渗入地面。）”由此可知，建造道路所用的材料要能使雨水更有效地渗入地面。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Healsobelieveslow-impactdevelopmentrepresentsthefutureofthecountry'surbanizationdrive."It（thedealingwithstormwater）isanissueofpublicsecurity.Thusitshouldbeacompulsoryrequirementwhennewurbanareasarebeingplannedandbuilt,"hesaid.（他还认为，低影响发展代表着中国城市化进程的未来。“这(处理暴雨)是一个公共安全问题。因此，在规划和建设新的城市地区时，这应该是强制性的要求。”）”由此可推断，低影响发展政策是解决公共安全问题必须要进行的，故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Tosolvetheproblemofurbanfloodingonceandforall,thecentralgovernmenthasdecidedtopushforwardthe"SpongeCity"program,whichinpartborrowstheexperiencesoflow-impactdevelopmentfromtheUnitedStatesandCanadainrecentyears.（为了一劳永逸地解决城市洪涝问题，中央政府决定推进“海绵城市”计划，该计划部分借鉴了美国和加拿大近年来低影响发展的经验。）”由此可知，文章主要描述国家推进“海绵城市”计划来解决城市洪涝问题，故选B。DPeoplewithliver(肝)failuremayinfuturerecoverbybeingattachedtodialysis(透析)equipmenttocleantheirbloodofpoisonoussubstances.Theideaissimilartokidneydialysis,whenpeoplewithkidneyfailureregularlygotoaclinicorhospitaltohavetheirbloodcleaned.Now,anewtechniquehasshownpromiseinasmallclinicaltrial,whereitboostedtherecoveryprocessforpeoplewithliverfailure.Liverfailurecanbetriggeredbyinfections,drugoverdoses,ordrinkingtoomuchalcohol.Oneoftheliver'smainfunctionsistoremoveharmfulelementsfromtheblood.Insevereliverfailure,thereisahugebuild-upofpoisons,whichcancausedamagetootherorgansanddeath.Manypoisonoussubstancesfromfoodanddrinkaretransportedintheblood.Initialattemptstoreplacetheliver'sfunctionhaveinvolvedsimpleformsofdialysis,wherethebloodispassedthroughafiltercontainingcleanalbumin(白蛋白).Thistreatmentisonofferincertainhospitalsglobally,butsometrialshavefailedtoshowitprovidesbenefit.Theproblemisthatpeoplewithliverfailuremaketoolittlealbuminandwhattheydomakedoesn'tfunctionproperly,saysAgarwal,adoctorfromtheRoyalFreeHospitalinLondon."Whateveralbuminisbeingproducedisoflowquality."SoAgarwalandhiscolleaguesdeveloped,adifferentapproach,removingthepoisonousalbuminfromtheindividual'sbloodandreplacingitwithanaddingoffreshalbumin.Thetechniquewastestedin30peopleinintensivecarewithsevereliverfailurecausedbyanoutburstofalcoholiccirrhosis.Halfthegrouphadthreetofivedialysissessions,whiletherestreceivedconventionalcare.Tenoutofthe15peoplewhogotdialysisrecoveredafter10days,comparedwithfiveoutofthe15whogottheconventionalcare.TheresultswerepresentedattheInternationalLiverCongress,whichwasheldvirtuallyattheendofJune.Theworkisatanearlystage,buttheresultsarepromising."Wearereallydesperatetofindsomethingtobridgetotransplantation."saysTobiasBottlerattheUniversityofFreiburg,Germany,whowasn'tinvolvedinthetrial.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph1referto?AThesmalltrialB.Thenewtechnique.C.Thedialysisequipment.D.Thepoisonoussubstance13.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Traditionalcareismoreeffectivethandialysisintreatingliverfailure.B.Dialysistreatmentisavailableinhospitalswithitsalltrialssuccessful.C.It'shardforpeoplewithliverfailuretomakemuchhigh-qualityalbuminD.Manypoisonoussubstancesfromfoodandairaretransportedintheblood.14.What'stheattitudeoftheauthortowardsliverdialysis?A.Indifferent.B.Negative.C.PositiveD.Suspicious.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LiverDialysisIsOneStepCloserB.ApproachestoCuringLiverCancerC.AttemptstoRestoretheLiver'sFunctionD.LiverDialysisReplacesTransplantation【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的能够促进肝功能衰竭患者的康复过程的肝透析技术。简单介绍了它的工作原理，取得的进展以及前景。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句中的“anewtechniquehasshownpromiseinasmallclinicaltrial”(一项新技术在小型临床试验中显示出了希望)和“boostedtherecoveryprocessforpeoplewithliverfailure”(促进了肝功能衰竭患者的康复过程)可知，it是指这项新技术，即这项新技术促进了肝功能衰竭患者的康复过程。故选B。,【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Theproblemisthatpeoplewithliverfailuremaketoolittlealbuminandwhattheydomakedoesn'tfunctionproperly”(问题是肝功能衰竭的人产生的白蛋白太少，他们产生的白蛋白不能正常工作)可知，肝功能衰竭的人很难产生高质量的白蛋白。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Theworkisatanearlystage,buttheresultsarepromising”(这项工作还处于早期阶段，但结果很有希望)可推知，作者对肝透析的态度是很积极的。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Now,anewtechniquehasshownpromiseinasmallclinicaltrial,whereitboostedtherecoveryprocessforpeoplewithliverfailure.”(现在，一项新技术在一项小型临床试验中显示出了希望，它促进了肝功能衰竭患者的康复过程。)和第一句“Peoplewithliver（肝）failuremayinfuturerecoverbybeingattachedtodialysis（透析）equipmenttocleantheirbloodofpoisonoussubstances”(肝功能衰竭的患者将来可能会通过依附在透析设备上来清除血液中的有毒物质而康复)可知，文章主要是讲肝透析技术取得了进展。所以选项A“肝透析又进了一步”是最好的标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cuddlingandhuggingaren'tforeveryone.Somepeoplefeeluncomfortablewhenotherstouchthem,butnearly90percentofparticipantsintheTouchTestreportedlikingphysicalaffectionfromtheirpartners.___16___Wearebornascuddlers,andweneverreallyoutgrowit.Peoplewhogotregularcuddleswerelesslikelytogetsickwhenexposedtoacoldvirus.Snuggles(依偎)canevenreducephysicalpain,especiallyifthepersonyouaretouchingissomeoneyoufeelcloseto.___17___Thechemicaltriggeredbytouchhelpsreducethefight-or-flightimpulsesthatstressproduces,helpingyoufallasleepfaster.Italsoaidsdigestion,makingforamorerestfulsleep.___18___Itcanbelyingnexttoeachotherinbed,orothertypesoflovingtouches.Ifonewaydoesn'tfeelright,trysomethingelse.Footrubs,headrubs,hand-holding,layingyourheadorsomeone'schest,sittingsidebysideonthecouchwithlegstouching—allthesethingscountThereareevendifferenttypesofhugs.Forpeoplewhoaren'tfullycomfortablewithphysicaltouch,it'simportanttostartslow,bothinthequantityandqualityofphysicalcontact.Takethetimetofindoutwhatyourhugpartnerlikes,andwhatyourfriendsandlovedonesenjoy.___19___Don'tfocusonlyonsnugglingwithyourpartner.Childrenarenaturalcuddlersinviewoftheir,strongsenseofsecurityandwarmth.Appropriatecuddlingbetweenparentsandkidshelpsformtight,lovingbonds.___20___Petsareawesomesnugglebuddies.There'sareasonwhytherapyanimalsexist—pettingandlovinganimalscanhelpyoufeelbetter.Thiscanbeespeciallyimportantforpeoplewhodon'thaveahumancompaniontocuddlewith.A.BodylanguageisoftenhardertofakeB.CuddlersandsnugglersalsosleepbetterC.Learntospeaktheirphysicallovelanguage.D.Whiledoingit,saysomethinglovingtoincreaseyouraffection.E.YoucanalsolookbeyondhumanstomeetyourcuddlingneedsF.Theinstincttoseekouthumantouchisstrongerthanmostofusrealize.G.Notallcuddlingiscreatedequal,andthereismorethanonewaytodoit.【答案】16.F17.B18.G19.C20.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍说人类寻求身体碰触的本能很强烈，拥抱和依偎等身体接触能够带来很多好处，并且介绍了依偎的方式和提供依偎的正确方法，以及能够提供依偎的对象。【16题详解】根据上文“Somepeoplefeeluncomfortablewhenotherstouchthem,butnearly90percentofparticipantsintheTouchTestreportedlikingphysicalaffectionfromtheirpartners.（一些人在别人触摸他们时会感到不舒服，但近90%的触摸测试参与者表示喜欢他们伴侣的身体接触）”和后文“Wearebornascuddlers,andweneverreallyoutgrowit.”(我们生来就是爱抱抱的人，而且我们永远都不会放弃)可知，此处是指人类寻求身体碰触的本能很强烈，所以选项F“寻求人类接触的本能比我们大多数人意识到的要强烈得多。”切合文意。故选F。【17题详解】根据后文“Thechemicaltriggeredbytouchhelpsreducethefight-or-flightimpulsesthatstressproduces,helpingyoufallasleepfaster.”(触觉触发的化学物质有助于减少压力产生的挣扎或逃跑冲动，帮助你更快入睡)可知，此处是指拥抱和依偎等身体接触能够帮助睡眠，所以选项B“拥抱者和依偎者也睡得更好”切合文意。故选B。【18题详解】根据后文“Itcanbelyingnexttoeachotherinbed,orothertypesoflovingtouches.Ifonewaydoesn'tfeelright,trysomethingelse.”(它可以是躺在床上，或其他类型的爱的触摸。如果一种方法感觉不对，试试其他方法)可知，此处是讲依偎的方式不止一种，所以选项G“并不是所有的依偎的效果都是一样的，依偎的方式不止一种。”切合文意。故选G。【19题详解】根据前文“Takethetimetofindoutwhatyourhugpartnerlikes,andwhatyourfriendsandloved,onesenjoy.”(花点时间弄清楚你的拥抱对象喜欢什么，你的朋友和爱人喜欢什么)可知，此处是讲需要弄清对方喜欢的身体接触方式是什么，然后表达爱，所以选项C“学会用肢体语言表达爱意。”切合文意。故选C。【20题详解】根据后文“Petsareawesomesnugglebuddies”(宠物是很棒的亲密伙伴)可知，此处是讲能够提供身体接触安慰的并不止有人类，宠物也是很好的选择，所以选项E“你也可以超越人类来满足你的拥抱需求”切合文意。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。FromthemomentmyhusbandbroughthomeaboxofsixchicksfromTractorSupplyCompanyatthestartofthepandemic,ournine-year-old,Sophie,hasn'tletthemoutofhersight.She___21___themTrixie,Bearty,SweetPea,Speedie,CaptainFlint,andAdrian(wewerereadingTreasureIslandandwatchingRockyatthetime)andwasvery___22___whenwewouldn'tletthemsleepinherbed.Sophietakesatleastonechickeneverywhereweletherandhasdone___23___thingswithherchicks.Onehotday,shewantedtotakeCaptainFlinttotheriver.Iwasn'tso___24___aboutit:Couldchickensswim?Sophie___25___astickonherswimmingringforCaptainFlinttostandon,andthetwofloateddownthecreek.Naturally,Sophie___26___asachickenforHalloweenandconvincedusTrixiehadtocome.The___27___fromneighborswerefunny."Wait,isthatarealchickenyou'reholding?"Trixiecooedthewholetime.Thechickensareteachingusaboutloveaswellaslossandgrief.___28___,CaptainFlintfacedanuntimelydeathafterahawkattack.Wehadachicken___29___,saidafewwordsaboutwhatagoodchickenshewas,andthankedherforthejoyshebroughttoourlives___30___weburiedher.Thechickensweren't___31___inthehouseuntilonemorningafteronlineschoolwhenSophietoldme,"There'snothingtofeel___32___about."Sincethen,we'veallowedoneinsideatatimeifSophieimmediately___33___afterthevisit.Thechickensbrought___34___backtoourlives.Inafewshortmonths,theyhavetaughtusto___35___situationswecan'tchangeandfindjoywherewecan.Iamsograteful.21.A.gaveB.toldC.namedD.showed22.A.guiltyB.upsetC.delightedD.embarrassed,23.A.reasonableB.incredibleC.stupidD.common24.A.sureB.gladC.curiousD.anxious25.A.threwB.wavedC.carriedD.balanced26.A.behavedB.functionedC.servedD.dressed27.A.praisesB.experiencesC.reactionsD.stories28.A.SadlyB.LuckilyC.ClearlyD.Frankly29.A.celebrationB.funeralC.collectionD.party30.A.unlessB.becauseC.beforeD.after31.A.cookedB.allowedC.strokedD.chased32.A.disappointedB.certainC.confusedD.happy33.A.comesbackB.cleansupC.goesawayD.givesin34.A.fearB.prideC.joyD.pain35.A.acceptB.controlC.shapeD.maintain【答案】21.C22.B23.B24.A25.D26.D27.C28.A29.B30.C31.B32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者一家和六只小鸡之间的故事，这些小鸡给作者一家带来了欢乐，并且教会他们接受无法改变的处境，并在可以改变的地方找到快乐。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给它们起名为特里克西、贝蒂、甜豌豆、斯皮迪、弗林特船长和阿德里安（那时我们正在看《金银岛》和《洛奇》）。当我们不让他们睡在她的床上时，她非常失落。A.gave给；B.told告诉；C.named命名；D.showed表现。根据“Trixie,Bearty,SweetPea,Speedie,CaptainFlint,andAdrian”可知，此处是指她给这些小鸡起名。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她给它们起名为特里克西、贝蒂、甜豌豆、斯皮迪、弗林特船长和阿德里安（那时我们正在看《金银岛》和《洛奇》）。当我们不让他们睡在她的床上时，她非常失落。A.guilty有罪的；B.upset失落的；C.delighted高兴的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据“hasn'tletthemoutofhersight”(一直没让它们离开她的视线)可知，此处是指如果不让小鸡们在自己床上她会很失落。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们让苏菲去哪，她都会带至少一只鸡去，她对自己的小鸡做了很多不可思议的事情。A.reasonable合理的；B.incredible难以置信的；C.stupid愚蠢的；D.common普通的。根据后文“shewantedtotakeCaptainFlinttotheriver.”苏菲带鸡去河里，可推测她对自己的小鸡做了很多不可思议的事情。故选B。,【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不太确定：鸡会游泳吗？A.sure确定的；B.glad高兴的；C.curious好奇的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据后文“Couldchickensswim?”可知作者也不确定鸡会不会游泳。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏菲在她的游泳圈上平衡了一根棍子，让Flint队长站在上面，两个人顺着小溪漂了下去。A.threw扔；B.waved挥动；C.carried搬运；D.balanced平衡。根据后文“astickonherswimmingring”可知是在游泳圈上平衡了一根棍子，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很自然的，苏菲打扮成一只鸡来过万圣节，并说服我们Trixie一定要来。A.behaved行为；B.functioned运行；C.served服务；D.dressed穿衣。根据后文“asachickenforHalloween”可知指打扮成一只鸡来过万圣节，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：邻居们的反应很有趣。A.praises赞扬；B.experiences经历；C.reactions反应；D.stories故事。根据后文“fromneighborswerefunny."Wait,isthatarealchickenyou'reholding?"”可知是指邻居对此的反应，故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，弗林特船长在一次老鹰袭击后英年早逝。A.Sadly悲哀地；B.Luckily幸运地；C.Clearly清晰地；D.Frankly坦率地。根据后文“CaptainFlintfacedanuntimelydeathafterahawkattack”可知弗林特船长死去了，这是不幸的事情。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们为鸡举行了葬礼，说了几句她是多么好的鸡，并在埋葬她之前感谢她给我们的生活带来的欢乐。A.celebration庆祝；B.funeral葬礼；C.collection收集；D.party派对。根据后文“weburiedher”可知此处指给鸡举行了葬礼，故选B。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们为鸡举行了葬礼，说了几句她是多么好的鸡，并在埋葬她之前感谢她给我们的生活带来的欢乐。A.unless除非；B.because因为；C.before在……之前；D.after在……之后。表达对鸡的感谢发生在埋葬鸡之前，应用before。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸡是不允许进屋的，直到有一天早上上完网校后，苏菲告诉我：“没有什么可高兴的”。A.cooked烹饪；B.allowed允许；C.stroked抚摸；D.chased追赶。根据后文“we'veallowedoneinsideatatime”可知一开始不允许鸡进屋里。故选B。【32题详解】,考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鸡是不允许进屋的，直到有一天早上上完网校后，苏菲告诉我：“没有什么可高兴的”。A.disappointed失望的；B.certain必然的；C.confused困惑的；D.happy快乐的。根据后文作者允许鸡进屋，可推测苏菲说自己不开心，故选D。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，只要苏菲在探视后立即清理干净，我们就允许一只鸡进屋里。A.comesback回来；B.cleansup清理；C.goesaway走开；D.givesin屈服。根据后文“afterthevisit”可知此处指在鸡来过之后，立即清理好屋子，故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些鸡给我们的生活带来了欢乐。A.fear恐惧；B.pride自豪；C.joy快乐；D.pain痛苦。呼应后文“andfindjoywherewecan”指鸡带来了快乐。故选C。35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在短短几个月里，他们教会我们接受无法改变的处境，并在可以改变的地方找到快乐。A.accept接受；B.control控制；C.shape塑造；D.maintain维持。根据后文“situationswecan'tchange”可知接受无法改变的处境，应用accept。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。Weareallfamiliarwithsongsgetting____36____(stick)inourheadwhileweareawake,butitturnsoutthatthiscanhappenduringsleepaswell.Anewstudyinvestigatingthephenomenon____37____(medicate)thatearwormsinvadingourbrainsatnightcancauseproblemsgettingtosleepandstayingasleep."Ourbrainscontinuetoprocessmusicevenwhennoneisplaying,includingapparentlywhileweareasleep,"saysneuroscientistMichaelScullinfromBaylorUniversity.Heandhiscolleaguesused____38____(survey)from199people,aswellasconductingasleeplabtestinvolving50volunteers,tomeasure____39____listeningtomusicbeforebedtimeaffectssleep.Inthesurveypartof____40____study,participantswhofrequentlylistenedtomusicduringthedayweremorelikelytoreportpersistentnighttimeearworms,____41____thenhadanegativeeffectonsleepqualitythroughthenight.____42____(uprising),theinstrumentalversionsofthesongscausedabouttwice____43____manyearwormsasthevocalversions.Soullin,suggests____44____(avoid)listeningtomusicrightbeforebedtolimitthechanceofa_____45_____(catch)tunetakingholdinourminds.【答案】36.stuck37.indicates38.surveys39.whether/if40.the41.which42.Surprisingly,43.as44.avoiding45.catchy【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，洗脑音乐在夜间入侵我们的大脑，会导致入睡和保持睡眠问题。介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究发现。【36题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们都知道，当我们醒着的时候，歌曲会卡在我们的脑海里，但事实证明，这也会在睡眠中发生。结合句意表示“卡住”短语为getstuckin。故填stuck。【37题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一项针对这一现象的新研究表明，洗脑音乐在夜间入侵我们的大脑，会导致入睡和保持睡眠问题。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为Anewstudy，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填indicates。【38题详解】考查名词的数。句意：他和他的同事对199人进行了调查，并对50名志愿者进行了睡眠实验室测试，以衡量睡前听音乐是否会影响睡眠。survey为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填surveys。【39题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他和他的同事对199人进行了调查，并对50名志愿者进行了睡眠实验室测试，以衡量睡前听音乐是否会影响睡眠。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether或if。故填whether/if。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：在研究的调查部分中，白天经常听音乐的参与者更有可能出现持续的夜间洗脑音乐，这会对整个晚上的睡眠质量产生负面影响。study此处为特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在研究的调查部分中，白天经常听音乐的参与者更有可能出现持续的夜间洗脑音乐，这会对整个晚上的睡眠质量产生负面影响。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词nighttimeearworms，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which。故填which。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，器乐版本的歌曲引起的洗脑音乐数量是声乐版本的两倍。修饰后文整个句子应用副词surprisingly，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Surprisingly。【43题详解】,考查倍数表达。句意：令人惊讶的是，器乐版本的歌曲引起的洗脑音乐数量是声乐版本的两倍。表示“是……的两倍”短语为twiceas…as…。故填as。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Soullin建议不要在睡觉前听音乐，这样就不会让琅琅上口的曲子在我们脑海中留下印象。结合句意表示“建议做某事”可知短语为suggestdoingsth.。故填avoiding。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：Soullin建议不要在睡觉前听音乐，这样就不会让琅琅上口的曲子在我们脑海中留下印象。修饰后文名词tune应用形容词catchy。故填catchy。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假设你是李华，三峡博物馆将在下月举办故宫文物展，你的朋友Andy非常热爱中国传统文化，精给他写一封邮件，邀请他一起参观。信的内容包括：1.展览的时间、地点；2.参观的注意事项。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：三峡博物馆theThreeGorgesMuseum；文物culturalrelics：故宫theForbiddenCityDearAndy,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua【答案】DearAndy,Howiseverythinggoing?AsfarasIknow,youareenthusiasticaboutChinesetraditionalculture.Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoattendanupcomingeven.AnexhibitionofculturalrelicsfromtheForbiddenCityisschedulednextmonthintheThreeGorgesMuseum.Manyancientcalligraphyworks,paintings,booksandporcelainvaseswillbeondisplay,whichareboundtocastlightonChineseancient-culture.Toshowrespectforournationaltreasure,foodanddrinksarenotallowedwhiletouringthemuseum.Moreover,flashesareprohibitedwhenyouaretakingphotos.Justsavorthebeautywithyourheartandsoul.Iamsureitwillsatisfyyourinsatiabledesirefororientalbeauty.Yourearliestreplywillbehighlyappreciated.,Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给朋友Andy写一封邮件，邀请他一起参观三峡博物馆。【详解】1.词汇积累热衷于：becrazyabout→beenthusiasticabout参加：joinin→attend参观：visit→tour此外：besides→moreover2.句式拓展合并句子原句：AsfarasIknow,youareenthusiasticaboutChinesetraditionalculture.Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoattendanupcomingeven.拓展句：SinceIlearntthatyouareenthusiasticaboutChinesetraditionalculture,Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoattendanupcomingeven.【点睛】[高分句型1]Manyancientcalligraphyworks,paintings,booksandporcelainvaseswillbeondisplay,whichareboundtocastlightonChineseancient-culture.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Toshowrespectforournationaltreasure,foodanddrinksarenotallowedwhiletouringthemuseum.(运用了不定式作目的状语)第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Imaginewhat'sinyourcloset.Theremightbeanoldpairofshoes,awornjacketandaboxofjunkyouwouldn'tknowhowtogetridof.Andthat'sexactlyasitshouldbe.Aclosetismessy,unorganized,years-longcollectionofexactlywhatmakesyouthepersonyouare.SothetensionroseinmychestwhenmymomrecentlydecidedtomovebecauseitmeantwewouldhavetocleanoutDad'scloset,nearlyadecadeafterhisdeath.Abraintumorateawayatthepartsofthemindandchangedthespecialperson—smart,warmandbraveintotheonewhowasboundtoachairinhospital.Butwhenyourbodygoes,yourclosetstays.Intheyearsafterhisdeath,IwouldsometimeswalkintothatclosetwhenIwashomevisitingfortheholidays.Ihadmovedintoacitymanymilesawayfrommymom,startingalifeasmymomtookpainstoslowlyevolveherhome—upgradingthedecorations,sweepingawaythedustofgrief,andmakingitonceagainaplaceforwarmthandgathering.WhenIopenedthedoortoDad'sclosetlastChristmas,Isawsomanyties,shirts,andmoreshoesthanIhadremembered.Andtherewerethevitalthings:ahandkerchiefI'dpulloutofhis,jacketpocketwhenheliftedmeupafterarrivinghomefromwork,thebrightredjackethe'dweargolfingandonfamilyvacations.Inthecloset,Icouldremembereverydetailbetweenus.Iworriedthatwouldgoawaywhenmymommoved.Irolledaroundnervouslyinbedinmyhome.CouldIstandtoseethisclosetonelasttimebeforeMommoved?WouldIfindthestrengthtohelpclearthatstuffout?Then,ashock—Igotacallfrommymomsaying"Icleanedouttheclosetalready."Theannouncementshockedmecompletely.Whathadshethrownout?注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Iflewhomeshortlyafterwards,tryinghardtoeasemytensiononthewayhome.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ipulledthedooropen.Tomysurprise,theemptyclosetcausedmenopanic—justpeace.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Iflewhomeshortlyafterwards,tryinghardtoeasemytensiononthewayhome.NosoonerhadIlandedthanIrushedtocullacabhome.Toclearupthemessofthinking,Irolleddownthecarwindow,lettingthefreshairin.Memoriesflashedbackwiththepassingscenesonthestreets.Hauntedbythecloset,Ikeptonthinkingduringthecarridehome:Wasthejacketsafe?Whataboutthehankie?Wouldseeingthisemptyclosetcausemetohaveabreakdown?WhenIfinallygothome,Istumbledtothedoorway.Petrifiedatthethoughtofseeinghollowcloset,Ihesitated.Ipulledthedooropen.Tomysurprise,theemptyclosetcausedmenopanic—justpeace.Theclosetisbrightly-lit,castingwarmglow.Yes,Dad'sstuffwasmostlygonebutstrangely,thememoryofhimisstillfresh.ItwasthenthatIrealizedIdidn'tneedtoseethehandkerchieforjackettorememberhim.Theobjectswerejustanouterlayerabovewhatremained.Thoughobjectsmayhelpustellastory,theyarenotstoriesthemselves.Overfamilydinner,MomandIsharedhappinessandheartbreaks,joysandsorrows,laughterand.tearslingeringinthehouse.Sometimesthebest,mourningofthepastistoembracethefuture.【解析】【分析】文章讲述父亲去世很多年了，但是他的衣橱仍然被保留了下来。那是父亲留给作者和母亲的记忆。但是最近母亲决定清理父亲的衣橱，作者听到之后很吃惊，觉得自己没有勇气帮助母亲清理父亲的衣橱。【详解】1.段落续写：,①由第一段首句内容“不久之后，我飞回了家，在回家的路上，我努力缓解自己的紧张情绪。”可知，第一段可描写作者在回家的路上在想象自己面对被清理的衣橱的场景和紧张的情绪。②由第二段首句内容“我拉开了门。令我惊讶的是，空荡荡的衣柜并没有让我恐慌——只是让我平静下来。”可知，第二段可描写作者看到被清理的衣橱之后的心理活动和释然的情绪。2.续写线索：回家路上——紧张的情绪——看到空荡荡的衣橱——释然的情绪——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①清理：clearup/sortout②回家：gethome/returnhome③拥抱：embrace/hug情绪类①焦虑：tension/stress②悲伤：sadness/sorrow【点睛】[高分句型1].NosoonerhadIlandedthanIrushedtocullacabhome.（Nosooner放句首的部分倒装句）[高分句型2].ItwasthenthatIrealizedIdidn'tneedtoseethehandkerchieforjackettorememberhim.（Itwas…that…结构的强调句）[高分句型3].Thoughobjectsmayhelpustellastory,theyarenotstoriesthemselves.（Though引导的让步状语从句）
