安庆市示范高中2021-2022学年高一8月测试英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）ANATIONALGEOGRAPHICKIDS2019PHOTOCOMPETITION!Woo-hoo!Getyourcamerasandsmartphonesattheready,becauseit'stimeforthisyear'sNGKIDSphotographycompetition…WhatyouneedtoknowCompetitionisopenonlytolegalresidents（合法居民）oftheUKandIrelandwhoarebetweentheagesof7and14.WehaveTHREEcategories（类别）inthecompetition-animals,peopleandenvironment（anewcategorystartedthisyear）.YoucanenterasmanycategoriesasyoulikebutjustONEphotopercategory,please!Allphotosshouldbesentthroughourwebsite.Ifyou'renotalreadyregistered（注册），youoryourparentwillneedtodosoatnatgeokids.com/uk/photocomp-itwillonlytakeaminutetodo!Youcansubmit（提交）ONEphotoforeachofthethreecategories.PhotosshouldbeinJPEGformat,between1MBand5MBinsize.Enteratnatgeokids.com/uk/photocomp.Beforeyousubmityourphoto,makesureyourenameitwithyourfullnameandthecategoryyouareentering.Forexample：Joe-Bloggs.Animals.jpg.Don'tforgettotellusyourfullname,daleofbirthandthetideofyourphoto!TheprizesOurStarPrizeisafamilyholidayinMorocco!Andthat'snotallIEachcategorywinnerwillwinanumberofprizes,too,includinganamazingNikonCOOLPJXW150camera,whichisbuildtogoanywhere!Theclosingdateis23：59（GMT）on21October2019.Winnerswillbenotified（通知）before18November2019.1.Howisthisyear'scompetitiondifferentfromthatoflastyear？______A.Ithasanewcategory.B.Itlastsaboutonemonthlonger.,C.Itisopentokidsfromaroundtheworld.D.Itwillgivemorethanoneprizetowinners.1.Tosuccessfullyenterthecompetition,onemust______.A.be14yearsoldorolderB.gettheirparents'agreementC.submittheirphotosonitswebsiteD.givetheirphotosanamazingname2.Wheredoesthistextmostprobablycomefrom？______A.Aresearchplan.B.Asciencereport.C.Anaturemagazine.D.Atouristguidebook.BOnMarch19，2018，theworldlostSudan,thelastmalenorthernwhiterhino（犀牛）.Sudandiedattheageof45.Anewfilm,Kifaru,tellsSudan'sstorythroughtheeyesofhisKenyancaretakers.Klfaru,directedbyDavidHambridge,wasrecentlyshownattheHotdoes2019FestivalinToronto,Canada.PeoplearedrawnintotheworldofthethreecaretakersandtheirloveforSudan."Isawthecaretakers,thebond（纽带）theyhad,andhowstrongitwas,"Hambridgesaid.WIsawhowmuchtheylovedgivingSudanbaths,feedinghim,sittingnexttohim,andtalkingtohim."AftershowingthebondbetweenSudanandhiscaretakers,Hambridgedecidedtotellthestory"inawaythatwasveryhuman,"heexplained."Iwantedpeopletobeabletoexperiencethejoysandpitfallsofanimalprotectionontheground."Takingcareofarhino,especiallythelastmalenorthernwhiterhino,isnoeasyjob.InKenya,theroleofarhinocaretakerdoesnotmakemuchmoney.Moreover,thecaretakershadtospend10monthsoutoftheyearawayfromtheirfamilies.AsJames,oneofSudanscaretakers,saidinKifaru,thejobwasMtakingcareofananimalthatcanneverlookyouintheeyes3ndsay,'Thankyou.'"Thefilmcomesalongwithlotsofsadnewsaboutanimalextinction（灭绝）.Exceptforrhinos,manyofwhomwerekilledfortheirhorns（角），lotsofotheranimalsaredisappearingaswell.AccordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations,asmanyasonemillionkindsofanimalsareatriskofextinctionbecauseofhumanactivity.AscaretakerJamessaidabouttherhinoproblem,extinctionistheresultofhumansendlessgreed（贪欲）.Unlessweactnow,lifeonEarthcouldchangequickly.,1.WhatisspecialaboutSudan？______A.Hehadmanychildren.B.Hewasthelastofhiskind.C.Hehadmorethanonecaretaker.D.Hewastheworld'soldestrhino.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutKifaru？______A.ItwasdirectedbySudanicaretakers.B.Itshowshowpeopletrainanimals.C.Ittellsatruestoryaboutarhino.D.ItwasfinishedinMarch2018.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"pilfalls"inParagraph4probablymean？______A.Hopes.B.Losses.C.Surprises.D.Difficulties.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.Kifaru,aRecordofWildAnimalsB.LifeIsChangingonEarthC.ProtectingtheRhinoD.RhinoCaretakersCMyfirstpieceofadvicetopeoplewhowanttostartgettingfitis：don'tbuyanexercisebike.Peoplewhobuythemusuallyusethemforaweekorsoandthenforgetaboutthem.Thebikesareusefuliftheyareoftenusedbutyouneedtobedetermined（有决心的）.Mostpeoplewillfinditmucheasiertogoforajog（慢跑）aroundthepark.Aswellasbeingeasytodo,joggingisalsoquitecheapcomparedtomostothersports.Youdon'tneedtobuyexpensiveclothesifyou'rejustgoingrunningaroundtheparkoronthebeach.Thereisonething,however,thatyouwillhavetospendtimeandmoneyon,andthat'syourrunningshoes.Rememberthatyouarelookingforsomethingthatwillsupportyourfeetandprotectyoufrominjury.Theycanbeexpensive,butiftheyareofgoodqualitytheywilllastyoualongtime.It'salwaysbesttogetexpertadvice,andthebestplaceforthatisasportsshop.Asforjogging,thesecretistostartslowly,andnottodotoomuchatthebeginning-especiallyifyouhaven'thadanyexerciseforalongtime.Tryamixtureofwalkingandrunningfortenminutesaboutthreetimesaweekatfirst.Onceyouarehappydoingthatyoucanthenstarttoincreasetheamount（数量）youdogradually.Afterafewmonthsyoushouldhopetobeabletorunatareasonable,speedfortwentyminutesthreeorfourtimesaweek.It'simportantthatyoufeelcomfortablewithwhateveryoudo.Ifyoudo,you'llstarttoenjoyitandwillprobablykeepdoingit.Ifitmakesyoufeeluncomfortable,you'llprobablystopafterashorttimeandreturntoyourbadhabits.Rememberthattrainingtoohardisnotveryeffective.Researchhasshownthatsomebodywhoexercisestwiceaslongortwiceashardasanotherpersondoesn'tbecometwiceasfit.1.Whatistheauthorsopinionontheexercisebike？______A.Itisunaffordableformostpeople.B.Itiseasytolearnformostpeople.C.Itisahelperformostpeople.D.Itisawasteformostpeople.2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisveryimportantforajogger？______A.Listeningtoexpertadvice.B.Keepingonjoggingeveryday.C.Havingapairofgoodjoggingshoes.D.Runningfortwentyminuteseachtime.3.WhatdoestheauthormainlyexplaininParagraph3？______A.Whyitiseasytogoforajog.B.Whatkindofsportjoggingis.C.Howtogojogginginarightway.D.Whenisthebesttimetogoforajog.4.Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph？______A.Goodexercisesstopbadhabits.B.Apartnerhelpsalotinexercise.C.Feelinggoodkeepsone'sexercisegoing.D.Themoreyouexercise,thefitteryouwillbe.DJetairplanesareoneofthelargestcausesofhumanpollution.About3%oftheworld'scarbonemissions（碳排放）arebelievedtocomefromairlinetravel.Thatnumberislikelytogoup-thenumberofpeopletravelingbyplanehasbeengrowingforyears,andisexpectedtokeepincreasing.Tohelpfightclimatechange,DutchairlineKLMhasstartedaprogramaskingpeopleto"Fly,Responsibly".Thecompanyisaskingitscustomerstothinkabouttheirchoicesbeforetheybuyaplaneticket.Inavideo,theairlinesuggeststhattravelersaskthemselvesquestions,suchaswhethertheycouldlakeatraininstead.However,somepeoplehavesuggestedthatinsteadofaskingthepublictothinkcarefullyabouttheiractions,KLM，andotherairlines,needtobeconsideringsolutionsthatliewiththeindustryitself."Voluntary（主动的）actionsbycustomersarenotenough；thecostofflyingmustincrease."saidJustinFrancis,founderofResponsibleTravel.AnnaHughes,whorunsFlightFreeUK，Seesmuchofthe"greening"inaviation（航空）asproblematic.Shesaid,"Thesimplefactisthatclimatechange,worsenedbyouruseoffossilfuels（化石燃料），willmakeitdifficultforourchildrentoliveonthisplanet.Whilewewelcomeaction,tomakeaviationfriendliertotheenvironment,airlinesmustbehonestabouttheirinfluenceonclimatechange."ButtheInternationalAirTransportAssociation（IATA）isbackingtheKLMprogram.RafaelSchwartzman,IATA'svice-presidentforEurope,said,"Wesupportitinthesensethatyoudohaveachoice.Incertaincasesyoucouldhaveanotherchoice."But,headded,"theUKisanisland.Ifyouwanttotradeinternationally,youwillhavetocountonaviation."1.WhatdoesKLMsuggesttravelersdo？______A.Spendlessontraveling.B.Thinktwicebeforetheyfly.C.Actresponsiblyonaplane.D.Travelbytrainwheneverpossible.2.What'sFrancis'ssolutionforgreeningaviation？______A.Toturntocleanerfuels.B.Toraisethepriceoftickets.C.Toencouragecustomerstovolunteer.D.Totellthepublichowtocutairpollution.3.What'stheIATA'sattitudetowards"FlyResponsibly"？______A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Uninterested.D.Unclear.4.What'sthemainpurposeofthistext？______A.TointroduceaDutchairline.B.Tolisttheharmsofairlinetravel.,C.Todiscussaprogramofanairline.D.Tocallonpeopletofightclimatechange.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）GettingorganizedLikemostpeople,Icangetdisorganized：toomanypapersonmymessydeskandacomputerfilledwithdifferentarticles.HerearesomewaysIusetofightagainstdisorganization.Don'taddtodisorganization.（1）______.Don'tjustthrowitonyourdeskorbed.Everyday,putsomethingaway.Youmayhaveseveralthingshidinginandaroundyourtable,sowhynotatleastputtheminoneboxorevenwheretheyshouldhavestayed？（2）______.Istillregretsellingmyfirstbicycleatayardsale,butatsomepoint,yourpossessions（私人物品）canstarttopossessyou.Ifyougiveyourselfroomtobealittlesadaboutthelettinggo,youwillhaveafeelingoffreedom（自由）instead.Organizeyourorganization.（3）______，followedbytheleastimportant.Getthehardtasksoutoftheway,andtheboringoneswillbecomemucheasier.Useanymoments.Ifforsomeunknownreasonyoupickupapieceofpaper,file（归档）orthrowitaway.（4）______，takeapicturewithyourphone.Noneedtopressureyourself.Assomeoneoncesaid,"Youdidn'tgetdisorganizedovernight,andyouwon'tgetorganizedthatwayeither."youdoonethingeveryday,anddonotmakethingsworse,itwillgetbetter.（5）______，yoursituationwillchange.A.IfyouneedtokeepsomethingB.GettingorganizedisnotaraceC.StorethingsyouareunsureaboutD.PutthemostimportantthingsfirstE.IfyoumakegettingorganizedahabitF.RealizethatitwillbehardtoletgoofsomethingsG.Fromnowon,puteverythingthatcomesintoyourhandsinitsplacerightaway1. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G2. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G3. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G4. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G,1. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）RenataDiPietrowasstudyingtobeasingerattheUniversityofIowa.Butat23，shefoundshecouldn'tseeclearly.Soon,it,becameincreasingly（1）______toreadscoresandpickuphandsignalsfromconductor（指挥），andRenatawasforcedto（2）______.Foryears,Renatadependedonguidedogsto（3）______.Butfinally,shefounditheartbreaking：Adog'sworkinglifeis（4）______-justsixto10yearsbeforeitagesoutofserviceordies."It'svery（5）______，becauseyouloveeachone,"shesays.In2009，while（6）______anotherguidedog,Renatawasinterestedby（7）______fromafriendthatminiaturehorse（小矮马）usuallyliveforthirtyyearsandmakecalmandstrongguides.Theyarevery（8）______：ThereareonlyabouttenofthemworkingintheUnitedStates.（9）______choosingaguidedog,Renatadecidedtoturntoaminihorse-andthe（10）______aschangedherlife.Renata（11）______withamalehorse,buthewastoohardto（12）______.Angelcamenext,awhitefemalehorseRenatahasmostlytrainedherself."Horsesnaturally（13）______obstacles（障碍），"shesays.IfIamaboutto（14）______something,shemovesherbodyinfrontofme.Renatahastaughther（15）______toreacttodirectionalcommands."Angelcan（16）______achairandthenearestdoorforme,"Renatasays.Now,she's（17）______Angeltopullherwheelchair.Despite（尽管）her（18）______，Renatastillgivesperformanceswithherhusband,musicianCarlHummer,atspecialevents.Angelis（19）______byherside."Ifightabattleeverydaytogetthecouragetotakepartinlife,"Renatasays."Angelismywarhorse.Wefightthatbattle（20）______."2. A.importantB.difficultC.clearD.possible3. A.runawayB.gooutC.standupD.dropout4. A.getaroundB.showoffC.growupD.stayup5. A.easyB.longC.shortD.hard6. A.painfulB.stupidC.crazyD.strange7. A.lookingafterB.lookingdownuponC.lookingforD.lookingbackon,1. A.informationB.imaginationC.decisionsD.experiences2. A.strongB.oldC.interestingD.uncommon3. A.AsforB.AlongwithC.InsteadofD.Becauseof4. A.conditionB.choiceC.methodD.habit5. A.leftB.foughtC.startedD.continued6. A.controlB.believeC.serveD.watch7. A.createB.useC.faceD.avoid8. A.changeB.hitC.checkD.do9. A.dogB.horseC.studentD.husband10. A.makeB.chooseC.holdD.find11. A.invitingB.advisingC.trainingD.forcing12. A.disabilityB.carelessnessC.mistakeD.failure13. A.seldomB.alwaysC.alreadyD.even14. A.laterB.onceC.againD.together四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）15.StephonSandersislikeanyotherteenager.Helovesbasketball,hangingoutwithfriends,andplayingvideogames.Buttherisingeighth-gradestudenthasturnedhisloveofgainingintoa（1）______（success）business.HestartedStreetGamez,amobilegamingbusiness（2）______allowskidslikehimselftobecomeentrepreneurs（企业家）.Stephon（3）______（come）upwiththeideaforamobilevideogamingbusinessafterhismomasked（4）______（he）whathewantedforhisbirthday.Beforehismommadeaninvestment（投资）inthebusiness,Stephonraisedmoney（5）______hisown."HestartedGoFundMe,hedidyardwork,hesoldpopcorn,andheraisedabout＄2，500，"Stephon'smomsaid."Hereallybelievesinthebusiness.Hedoesn'trealizethatheisconsidered（6）______（be）arolemodel,becauseofhisdecisions.He（7）______（honest）doesn'tletthebusinessstophimfrom（8）______（enjoy）hisyouth.Heamazesme!""IbelieveStreetGamezcangrow（9）______（big）thanImagined,"saidStephen.HerecentlyspoketoalocalbusinessclassinTampaabouthisstartingabusinessatsuch（10）______youngage.Hesaidhismotto（座右铭）isthathedoesn'twantto"justplaythegame,hewantstochangeit.",五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）1.假定英语课上要求同桌之间修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LastmonthmyfamilymadeaboutatriptoBrazil.WeflytoRiofirst.TherewestayedattheGreenParkHotel,thatwasaboutonekilometrefromthebeach.Itwasverycomfortableandreallycheap.Icouldswameveryday.Therewasmusicfestivalandalotoffamousmusicianswenttoplaythere.Weweresuchluckytobeabletogotosomefreeconcerts.ThenwedrovesouthtoacitycallingParaty.Theweatherthereweregreatandthepeoplewerefriendlyandnicely.Theonlyproblemwasthefood.Thereweren'tmanytypesoffoodtochoosefromandIgotboringeatingthesamethingseveryday.Butallinall,itwasawonderfulholiday.六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）2.最近，你班同学在英语课堂上就"该不该允许学生在学校嚼口香糖（Shouldstudentsbeallowedtochewgumatschool？）"这一话题进行了讨论，请根据表格提本用英语与一篇短文，介绍此次讨论情况。应该嚼口香糖能够清洁牙齿、消除紧张不应该嚼口香糖有噪音会影响他人、污染环境你的观点？注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。,答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】C【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据文章第三段WehaveTHREEcategories   （类别）inthecompetition - animals, peopleandenvironment    （anewcategorystartedthisyear     ）.（我们在比赛中有三个类别，动物、人和环境（今年开始的新类别））可知，今年开始了新的分类，这就是它与往年不一样的地方，故选A.（2）C.细节理解题。根据文章第四段Allphotosshouldbesentthroughourwebsite.（所有照片应通过我们的网站发送）可知，参加比赛需要在网页上提交照片，故选C.（3）C.文章来源题。根据文章第一段Woo-hoo! Getyourcamerasandsmartphonesattheready, becauseit'stimeforthisyear'sNGKIDSphotographycompetition                …（哦！准备好你的相机和智能手机，因为是时候参加今年的NG儿童摄影比赛了…）可知，这是关于一个比赛的报名介绍，并非严肃的内容，更有可能出现在杂志上，A.Aresearchplan研究计划；B.Asciencereport科学报告；C. Anaturemagazine自然杂志；D.Atouristguidebook旅游指南，故选C.本文是一篇广告布告类阅读理解。文章介绍了2019年的国际儿童摄影比赛，包括比赛的分类、注意事项和如何报名以及奖品等。考查广告布告类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。4.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】C【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。由文章第一段OnMarch19，2018，theworldlostSudan,thelastmalenorthernwhiterhino（犀牛）.（2018年3月19日，世界失去了最后一只雄性北方白犀牛Sudan）可知，Sudan身份很特别，因为它是最后一只雄性北方白犀牛。故选B.,（2）C.细节理解题。由文章第二段Anewfilm,Kifaru,tellsSudan'sstorythroughtheeyesofhisKenyancaretakers.Kifaru,directedbyDavidHambridge,wasrecentlyshownattheHotDocs2019FestivalinToronto,Canada.PeoplearedrawnintotheworldofthethreecaretakersandtheirloveforSudan.（一部新电影，Kifaru,通过肯尼亚守护者的眼睛（视角），讲述了Sudan的故事。Kifaru由DavidHambridge导演，最近在加拿大多伦多的HotDocs2019电影节上放映。人们被这三个守护者的世界，以及他们对Sudan的爱给吸引到）可知，Kifaru这部电影讲述的是关于一只犀牛（Sudan）的真实的故事。故选C.（3）D.词句猜测题。由文章第四段After showing the bond between Sudan and his caretakers, Hambridge decided to tell the story"in a way that was very human," he explained. "I wanted people to be able to experience the joys and pitfalls of animal protection on the ground."（在展示了Sudan和他的看护人之间的关系后，Hambridge决定用"非常人性化的方式"来讲述这个故事，他解释说。我希望人们能够体验在地面上保护动物的乐趣和困难）及第五段中的Takingcareofarhino,especiallythelastmalenorthernwhiterhino,isnoeasyjob.（照顾一头犀牛，尤其是最后一头雄性北方白犀牛，可不是件容易的事。）可以猜测看护人在保护Sudan的过程中，应是快乐与困难并行的。所以下划线词应是"困难"的意思，与"joy"形成对比关系。结合选项A. Hopes希望；B. Losses损失；C. Surprises惊讶；D. Difficulties困难，由此可知答案选D.（4）C.主旨大意题。由文章第四段Iwantedpeopletobeabletoexperiencethejoysand.pitfallsofanimalprotectionontheground.（我希望人们能够体验在地面上保护动物的乐趣和困难）以及第五段Takingcareofarhino,especiallythelastmalenorthernwhiterhino,isnoeasyjob.（照顾一头犀牛，尤其是最后一头雄性北方白犀牛，可不是件容易的事。）和最后一段中的AscaretakerJamessaidabouttherhinoproblem,extinctionistheresultofhumansendlessgreed（贪欲）.Unlessweactnow,lifeonEarthcouldchangequickly.（正如看护人James在犀牛问题上所说的，物种灭绝是人类无尽贪婪的结果。除非我们现在采取行动，否则地球上的生命会迅速改变。）可知，文章的主要内容是保护犀牛，故选C.本文是一篇文学艺术类阅读理解。主要介绍了三个管理员对犀牛的保护工作。DavidHambridge拍摄了一部讲述犀牛真实故事的电影Kifaru。呼吁人们行动起来，保护犀牛，保护其他野生动物。考查文学艺术类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的,选择。8.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】C【小题3】C【小题4】C【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据文章第一段Myfirstpieceofadvicetopeoplewhowanttostartgettingfitis：don'tbuyanexercisebike.Peoplewhobuythemusuallyusethemforaweekorsoandthenforgetaboutthem.Thebikesareusefuliftheyareoftenusedbutyouneedtobedetermined.（我对那些想开始健身的人的第一条建议是：不要买健身自行车。买了它们的人通常会用一个星期左右，然后就忘记了。如果经常使用，自行车是有用的，但你需要有决断力）可知，作者认为健身自行车对于大多数人来说是没有太大用处的，反而那是种浪费，故选D.（2）C.细节理解题。根据文章第二段Thereisonething,however,thatyouwillhavetospendtimeandmoneyon,andthat'syourrunningshoes.（然而，有一样东西你必须花费时间和金钱，那就是你的跑鞋）可知，作者认为一双好的跑鞋对于慢跑非常重要，故选C.（3）C.段落大意题。根据文章第三段Asforjogging,thesecretistostartslowly,andnottodotoomuchatthebeginning-especiallyifyouhaven'thadanyexerciseforalongtime.Tryamixtureofwalkingandrunningfortenminutesaboutthreetimesaweekatfirst.Onceyouarehappydoingthatyoucanthenstarttoincreasetheamount（数量）youdogradually.（至于慢跑，秘诀就是慢慢开始，一开始不要做太多运动，特别是如果你已经很长时间没有运动的话。试试一周三次，每次10分钟的散步和跑步。一旦你开心地做了这件事，你就可以开始逐渐地增加你所做的量）可知，本段主要阐述的是如何正确慢跑的方法，故选C.（4）C.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段It'simportantthatyoufeelcomfortablewithwhateveryoudo.Ifyoudo,you'llstarttoenjoyitandwillprobablykeepdoingit.Ifitmakesyoufeeluncomfortable,you'llprobablystopafterashorttimeandreturntoyourbadhabits.（不管你做什么，都要让自己感到舒服，这很重要。如果你这样做，你会开始享受它，并可能会持续做下去。如果这让你觉得不舒服，你可能会在短时间内停下来，回到你的坏习惯）可知，一个人感觉到舒适的话，他就会持续锻炼下去，故选C.这是一篇健康环保类阅读，文章主要介绍了在公园慢跑需要做的准备工作以及慢跑的方法技巧。,做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。12.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】B【小题3】A【小题4】C【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段Thecompanyisaskingitscustomerstothinkabouttheirchoicesbeforetheybuyaplaneticket.（该公司要求其客户在购买机票之前考虑他们的选择）可知，KLM建议游客在飞行前多多考虑，故选B.（2）B.细节理解题。根据第三段Voluntary（主动的）actionsbycustomersarenotenough；thecostofflyingmustincrease.（只有顾客自愿的行动是不够的；飞行的费用必须增加）可知，弗朗西斯的绿色航空解决方案是增加机票的价格，故选B.（3）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段Wesupportitinthesensethatyoudohaveachoice.（我们支持它是因为你有选择的权利）可知，国际航空运输协会对"负责任飞行"的态度是支持的，A.Supportive支持的；B.Doubtful怀疑的；C.Uninterested不感兴趣的；D.Unclear不清楚的，故选A.（4）C.写作目的题。根据第一段Jetairplanesareoneofthelargestcausesofhumanpollution.About3%oftheworld'scarbonemissions（碳排放）arebelievedtocomefromairlinetravel.Thatnumberislikelytogoup-thenumberofpeopletravelingbyplanehasbeengrowingforyears,andisexpectedtokeepincreasing.（喷气式飞机是造成人类污染的最大原因之一。据信，全球约3%的碳排放来自航空旅行。这一数字可能会上升，因为乘飞机旅行的人数多年来一直在增长，预计还会继续增加）可知，本文章对荷兰航空公司KLM启动的要求人们"负责任地飞行"的项目进行了讨论，即讨了论一家航空公司的项目，故选C.这是一篇健康环保类阅读，文章对荷兰航空公司KLM启动的要求人们"负责任地飞行"的项目进行了讨论。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上,合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。16.【答案】【小题1】G【小题2】F【小题3】D【小题4】A【小题5】E【解析】（1）G. 推理判断题。根据下文"Don'tjustthrowitonyourdeskorbed.（不要只是把它扔在你的桌子或床上。）"可知，此处内容与把手里的东西放置好有关，且下文的代词it指的是选项G中的everythingthatcomesintoyourhands,因此选项G"Fromnowon,puteverythingthatcomesintoyourhandsinitsplacerightaway（从现在开始，把所有到你手里的东西都放回原位。）"符合题意。故选G.（2）F. 推理判断题。根据下文"Istillregretsellingmyfirstbicycleatayardsale,butatsomepoint,yourpossessions（私人物品）canstarttopossessyou.（我仍然后悔在庭院旧货出售会上卖掉了我的第一辆自行车，但是在某些时候，你的东西会开始占有你。）"可知，此处是本段小标题，内容与讲述放手一些东西很困难有关，选项F"Realizethatitwillbehardtoletgoofsomethings（要知道，有些东西是很难放手的。）"符合题意。故选F.（3）D. 推理判断题。根据下文"followedbytheleastimportant.（然后是最不重要的事情。）"可知，此处内容与组织做事情的轻重顺序有关，选项D"Putthemostimportantthingsfirst（把最重要的事情放在第一位，）"符合题意。故选D.（4）A. 细节理解题。根据下文"takeapicturewithyourphone.（用手机拍张照片。）"可知，此处内容与需要保存东西时的做法有关，选项A"Ifyouneedtokeepsomething（如果你需要保留什么东西，）"符合题意。故选A.（5）E. 推理判断题。根据下文"yoursituationwillchange.（你的情况就会改变。）"可知，此处内容与养成有条理的习惯的好处有关，选项E"Ifyoumakegettingorganizedahabit（如果你养成了有条理的习惯，）"符合题意。故选E.这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一些处理杂乱无序的建议。技巧①通读全文，了解文章大意；②细读七个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系；③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；,④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。21.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】C【小题5】A【小题6】C【小题7】A【小题8】D【小题9】C【小题10】B【小题11】C【小题12】A【小题13】D【小题14】B【小题15】B【小题16】D【小题17】C【小题18】A【小题19】B【小题20】D【解析】（1）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A.important重要的；B.difficult困难的；C.clear清楚的；D.possible可能的。根据上文"Butat23，shefoundshecouldn'tseeclearly."可知，前文说Renata视力出现了问题，所以对她来说读懂乐谱是困难的。故选B.（2）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.runaway跑开；B.goout出去；C.standup站起来；D.dropout退学。根据上文"Soon,it,becameincreasingly1toreadscoresandpickuphandsignalsfromconductor（指挥）"可推断，Renata视力出现问题，学习困难，因此被迫退学。故选D.（3）A．考查动词短语词及语境理解。A.getaround到处走走；B.showoff炫耀；C.growup长大；D.stayup熬夜。根据上文"Butat23，shefoundshecouldn'tseeclearly."可知，Renata眼睛看不见，所以需要导盲犬帮助四处走动。故选A.（4）C．考查形容词及语境理解。A.easy简单的；B.long长的；C.short短的；D.hard艰难的。由后文"justsixto10years"可知狗的寿命很短。故选C.（5）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A.painful痛苦的；B.stupid愚蠢的；C.crazy疯狂的；D.strange奇怪的。根据下文"becauseyouloveeachone."可知，因为爱着每一只狗，所以在它们死去的时候很让人痛苦。故选A.（6）C．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lookingafter照顾；B.lookingdownupon看不起；C.lookingfor寻找；D.lookingbackon回顾。由后文提到的"anotherguidedog"可知，此处是寻找下一只导盲犬。故选C.（7）A．考查名词及语境理解。A.information信息；B.imagination想象；C.decisions决定；D.experiences经历。后文提到的"miniaturehorse（小矮马）usuallyliveforthirtyyearsandmakecalmandstrongguides（小矮马通常能活30年，可以做冷静而强大的向导"可知，这是Renata获得的信息。故选A.,（8）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A.strong强壮的；B.old老的；C.interesting有趣的；D.uncommon不常见的。根据后文的"Thereareonlyabouttenofthem"可知小矮马不常见。故选D.（9）C．考查介词及语境理解。A.Asfor至于；B.Alongwith和；C.Insteadof代替；D.Becauseof因为。根据下文的"Renatadecidedtoturntoaminihorse"可知，Renata用小矮马代替了导盲犬。故选C.（10）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.condition情况；B.choice选择；C.method方法；D.habit习惯。前文说到choosing,可知此处是Renata的选择改变了她的生活，choice照应前文。故选B.（11）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.left离开；B.fought斗争；C.started开始；D.continued继续。根据下文"Angelcamenext,awhitefemalehorseRenatahasmostlytrainedherself."可知，Renata一开始选择了一匹公马。故选C.（12）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.control控制；B.believe相信；C.serve服务；D.watch看。根据下文"Angelcamenext,awhitefemalehorseRenatahasmostlytrainedherself."可知，公马太难控制了。故选A.（13）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.create创造；B.use使用；C.face面对；D.avoid避免。根据下文"IfIamaboutto__（14）_something,shemovesherbodyinfrontofme."可知，小矮马会避开障碍物。故选D.（14）B．考查动词及语境理解。A.change改变；B.hit碰撞；C.check检查；D.do做。根据后文的"shemovesherbodyinfrontofme"可知此处指的是主人碰撞到东西时，小马会进行保护。故选B.（15）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.dog狗；B.horse马；C.student学生；D.husband丈夫。根据下文"Angelcan__（16）_achairandthenearestdoorforme"可知，Renata教马指令。故选B.（16）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.make制造；B.choose选择；C.hold抓住；D.find找到。根据下文"Now,she's_（17）_Angeltopullherwheelchair."可知，此处表示小马帮主人找到椅子坐。故选D.（17）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.inviting邀请；B.advising建议；C.training训练；D.forcing促使。根据前文"Renatahasmostlytrainedherself."，可知Renata在训练马。故选C.（18）A．考查名词及语境理解。A.disability无能；残疾；B.carelessness粗心；C.mistake错误；D.failure失败。根据第一段的"shefoundshecouldn'tseeclearly"可知，Renata,眼睛看不见，所以是有残疾。故选A.（19）B．考查副词及语境理解。A.seldom几乎不；B.always总是；C.already已经；D.even甚至。根据上文"Renatadecidedtoturntoaminihorse-andthe___（10）___ aschangedherlife"和下文的"Angelismywarhorse"，可知是Angel改变了主人公的生活，是她的战马，所以Angel总是在主人公身边。故选B.（20）D．考查副词及语境理解。A.later之后；B.once曾经；C.again再次；D.together一起。前文说到"Angelismywarhorse"所以是主人和战马一起战斗。故选D.本文是记叙文，文章介绍Renata虽然因为视力问题，放弃大学的学习，但是她没有放弃梦想，在Angel的帮助下，继续追求着梦想。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。 答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。41.【答案】【小题1】successful【小题2】that/which【小题3】came【小题4】him【小题5】on【小题6】tobe【小题7】honestly【小题8】enjoying【小题9】bigger【小题10】a【解析】（1）successful.考查形容词。句意：但这位正要升入八年级学生已经把他对获得成功的热爱变成了一项成功的事业。作定语，所以用形容词，故填successful.（2）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：他创办了StreetGamez,这是一家手机游戏公司，让像他这样的孩子成为企业家。先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which.（3）came.,考查时态。句意：斯蒂芬的妈妈问他生日想要什么，于是他想出了一个经营手机游戏的主意。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填came.（4）him.考查宾格代词。句意：斯蒂芬的妈妈问他生日想要什么，于是他想出了一个经营手机游戏的主意。作宾语，所以用宾格代词，故填him.（5）on.考查固定搭配。句意：斯蒂芬自己筹集了资金。onone'sown靠自己，为固定搭配，故填on.（6）tobe.考查固定搭配。句意：他没有意识到他被认为是一个榜样。beconsideredtobe被认为是，为固定搭配，故填tobe.（7）honestly.考查副词。句意：老实说，他没有让生意妨碍他享受青春。他让我吃惊。修饰句子，所以用副词，故填honestly.（8）enjoying.考查动名词。句意：老实说，他没有让生意妨碍他享受青春。他让我吃惊。stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事，为固定搭配，故填enjoying.（9）bigger.考查比较级。句意：我相信Street Gamez 会变得比想象的更大。后面有than,所以用比较级，故填bigger.（10）a.考查冠词。句意：他最近在坦帕当地的一个商业课堂上谈到了他这么小就开始创业的事情。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，故填a.斯蒂芬桑德斯和其他青少年一样。他喜欢打篮球，和朋友出去玩，玩电子游戏。但这位正在升入八年级学生已经把他对获得成功的热爱变成了一项成功的事业。本文讲述了他创业的原因和过程。本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。42.【答案】Last month my family made about a trip to Brazil. We fly to Rio first. There we stayed at the Green Park Hotel, that was about one kilometre from the beach. It was very comfortable and really cheap. I could swam every day. There was ∧music festival and a lot of famous musicians went to play there. We were such lucky to be able to go to some free concerts. Then we drove south to a city calling Paraty. The weather there were great and the people were friendly and nicely. The only problem was the food. There weren't many types of food to choose from and I got boring eating the same things every day. But all in all, it was a wonderful holiday.,详解：1.去掉 about.考查固定搭配。句意：上个月我的家人安排了一次去巴西的旅行。固定搭配make a trip,意为"去旅行"。故去掉about.2.fly改为flew.考查时态。句意：我们先飞去里约。根据上文"lastmonth"可知，飞的动作已经发生，用一般过去时。故fly改为flew.3.that改为which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我们住在格林公园酒店，离海滩大约一公里。根据分析句子及语意，可知theGreenPark Hotel后面为非限制性定语从句，对the Green Park Hotel进一步解释说明，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用which引导的非限制性定语从句，that不用于引导非限制性定语从句。故that改为which.4.swam改为swim.考查情态动词用法。句意：我每天都能游泳。情态动词could后面应用动词原形。故swam改为swim.5.music前加a.考查冠词。句意：那里有一个音乐节，很多著名的音乐家都去那里演出。根据语意泛指一个音乐节"及"music"为辅音音素开头的单词，可知应在music前面添加不定冠词a。故music前加a.6.such改为so.考查副词。句意：我们真幸运能去听一些免费的音乐会。固定用法so+形容词+todosth.，副词修饰形容词，lucy为形容词，此处应把形容词such改为副词so。故such改为so.7.calling改为called.考查过去分词。句意：然后我们向南开车来到一个被叫作Paraty的城市。根据分析句子及语意，可知acity与叫之间为被动关系，所以应用过去分词called作后置定语。故calling改为called.8.were改为was.考查主谓一致。句意：那里的天气很好，人们也很友好。theweather为句子主语，是不可数名词，结合时态为一般过去时，所以谓语应用单数形式was。故were改为was.9.nicely改为nice.考查形容词。句意：那里的天气很好，人们也很友好。根据语意及系动词were可知，were后面应是用and连接两个井列的形容词作表语。故nicely改为nice.10.boring改为bored.考查形容词。句意：没有很多种类的食物可供选择，每天吃同样的东西让我觉得很无聊。短语getborddoingsth,意为"对---感到厌烦"。故boring改为bored.43.【答案】Recentlyourclassheldaheateddiscussionaboutwhetherwestudentsshouldbeallowedtochewgumatschool.（点明讨论主题）Therearesomestudentswhoareforit.Thereasonsareasfollows：Firstly,asteenagers,weare,underthegreatpressureofstudying.Beingallowedtochewgumatschoolmayhelpusrelievethepressure.【高分句型一】Besides,itcanbehelpfulforcleaningourteeth.（正方的观点以及原因）However,othersargueagainstit.Foronething,chewinggumisnotfriendlytotheenvironment.Theresidueofgummaybethrownonthegroundasgarbagebysomestudents,whichisharmfultothesoil.【高分句型二】Foranotherthing,chewinggumduringclasswillmakenoise,andthismaybothertheclassmatesaroundyou.（反方的观点以及原因）Inmyopinion,gumscontainsomeharmfulsubstances.Forthesakeoftheenvironmentandpersonalhealth,studentsshouldnotbeallowedtochewgumatschool.Justcontrolyourself,andyouwillquitchewinggum.（自己的观点）【解析】高分句型一Beingallowedtochewgumatschoolmayhelpusrelievethepressure.分析：句子里，动名词Beingallowedtochewgumatschool作主语。翻译：允许我们在学校嚼口香糖可以帮助我们减轻压力。高分句型二Theresidueofgummaybethrownonthegroundasgarbagebysomestudents,whichisharmfultothesoil.分析：句子里，代指主句Theresidueofgummaybethrownonthegroundasgarbagebysomestudents,关系词which引导非限制性定语从句isharmfultothesoil.翻译：口香糖的残渣可能被一些学生当作垃圾扔在地上，对土壤有害。1．仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确有哪些要点。2．提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。3．根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；语言表达要符合英语习惯。
