Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld李仕才***阅读理解。Everyoneknowsthatdeathisnatural,butdoyouhaveanyideaoftheprocessofdying?Modernscientistsdividetheprocessofdyingintotwostages—clinicalortemporarydeathandbiologicaldeath.Clinicaldeathoccurswhenthevitalorgans,suchastheheartorlungs,havestoppedfunctioning,buthavenotsufferedpermanentdamage.Theorganismcanstillbesaved.Biologicaldeathoccurswhenchangesintheorganismleadtothe“breakingup”ofvitalcellsandtissues.Deathisthenunchangeableandfinal.Scientistshavebeenseekingawaytoprolongtheperiodofclinicaldeathsothattheorganismcanremainalivebeforebiologicaldeathoccurs.Thebestmethoddevelopedsofarinvolvescoolingtheorganism,combinedwithnarcotic(麻醉)sleep.Byslowingdownthebody’smetabolism(新陈代谢),coolingdelaystheprocessesleadingtobiologicaldeath.Toshowhowthisworks,scientistsperformedanexperimentonasix-year-oldfemalemonkeycalledKeta.ThescientistputKetatosleepwithanarcotic.Thentheysurroundedherbodywithice-bagsandbegancheckingherbodytemperature.Whenithaddroppedto28degreesthescientistsbegantakingbloodoutfromanartery(动脉).Themonkey’sbloodpressuredecreasedandanhourlaterboththeheartandbreathingstopped:clinicaldeathsetin.FortwentyminutesKetaremainedinthisstate.Hertemperaturedroppedto22degrees.Atthispointthescientistspumpedbloodintoanarteryinthedirectionoftheheartandstartedartificialbreathing.AftertwominutesKeta’sheartbecameactiveoncemore.Afterfifteenminutes,spontaneous(自发的)breathingbegan,andafterfourhoursKetaopenedhereyesandliftedherhead. Aftersixhours,whenthescientiststriedtogiveherapenicillin(青霉素)injection,Ketaseizedthesyringe(注射器)andranwithitaroundtheroom. Herbehaviordifferedlittlefromthatofahealthyanimal.1.Forapersonwhosuffersfromtheclinicaldeath_________.A.he is still very much alive9\nB.he cannot avoid final deathC.his most important organs are damagedforeverD.hestillhasthepossibilityofgettingbacktolife2.Scientiststrytomakethetimeofclinicaldeathlongerinorderto_________.A.cool the organismB.delay the coming of biological deathC.slow down the body’s metabolismD.bringvitalcellsandtissuesbacktoactivelife3.Thetextmainlytalksabout_________.A.clinicaldeathandbiologicaldeathB.anexperimentonamonkeyC.themeaningofdeathD.theprocessbeforedeath4.Fromtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphwecanknowthat_________.A.KetawasimpoliteB.KetawashealthyC.KetawasillD.Ketawascrazy【文章大意】本文主要叙述了为了延缓生理死亡的到来，科学家尽量延长临床死亡的时间。1.D【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一段内容“Clinicaldeathoccurswhenthevitalorgans,suchastheheartorlungs,havestoppedfunctioning,buthavenotsufferedpermanentdamage.Theorganismcanstillbesaved”可知，一个临床死亡的人还有可能活过来，故选D。3.A【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出了人类死亡的两个阶段：临床死亡和生理死亡；第二段提出科学家们想办法延长临床死亡；第三段通过用猴子做实验来验证延长临床死亡的方法，故本文主要论述了临床死亡和生理死亡，选A项。4.B【解析】推理判断题。结合文章最后一句“Herbehaviordifferedlittlefromthatofahealthyanimal.”（她的行为无异于健康动物的行为），可推知划线部分句子说明Keta是健康的，故选B项。***语法填空。9\nLocatedinthenorthwestofHunanProvince,about300kilometersawayfromChangsha,capitalofHunan,Zhangjiajie,__1__coversatotalareaof9,653squarekilometers,isatouristcityforitsuniquenaturalsceneryandabundanttourismresources.Zhangjiajie__2__(award)thetitleof“WorldGeologicalPark”in2022.__3__(actual),Zhangjiajie,honouredas“themostfantasticmountainunderheaven”and“awalkingChineselandscapepainting”，isalsowidelypraisedas“__4__enlargedpottedlandscaping”“aminifairyland”and“amaze(迷宫)ofnature”，attractingagrowingnumberoftourists__5__homeandabroad.Sinceitwasdiscoveredinthe1980s,tourismindustry__6__(become)theleadingindustryinZhangjiajie,whichhasstimulatedthedevelopmentofotherindustries__7__(relate)totourism.Atthesametime,ecotourismhasbeendevelopedrapidlyinZhangjiajie.WhenyoucometoZhangjiajie,youcanfullyappreciate__8__(it)magnificentnaturalsceneryandexperienceappealingfolkcustomaswellasotherthrillingtourist__9__(activity),andyouwillbedeeplyimpressedby__10__isperformedbytheminoritiesthere.Itmustbeanexciting,joyfulandunforgettabletourtoZhangjiajie.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。全文介绍了湖南省张家界的地理位置、荣誉称号、旅游业的发展等情况。1．which 考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Zhangjiajie，关系词在从句中作主语，故用which。2．wasawarded 考查动词的时态和语态。主语Zhangjiajie和动词award之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据该句中的时间状语“in2022”可知，应用一般过去时。3．Actually 考查词性转换。空处修饰整个句子，故用副词形式。4．an 考查冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一幅放大的盆栽风景画”，空后的enlarged的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。5．at 考查介词。这里指“吸引了国内外的大量游客”，athomeandabroad为固定短语，意为“在国内外”，故用at。6．hasbecome 考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语“Sinceitwas...1980s”可知，空处表示过去的动作对现在产生的影响，故用现在完成时。7．related 考查非谓语动词。berelatedto为固定搭配，此句中，动词relate和名词industries之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作名词的后置定语。8．its 考查代词。根据该句中的“magnificentnatural9\nscenery”可知，应用形容词性物主代词its，指张家界的。9．activities 考查名词复数。张家界景点的旅游活动有多种，故用复数形式。10．what 考查宾语从句的连接词。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作介词by的宾语，且空处在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，故用what。***完形填空。Whenyougivethanksforhelp，everyonebenefits.Andthe__1__willlastlongerthanyou'dexpect：researchershavefoundthatwritingthankyounotesraisespeople's__2__levelsforuptosixmonths.“Ifyouexpressgratitudeinadiary，itmakesyouhappier，butifyou__3__itwiththepersonwhohelpedyou，ithasthe__4__tobringyoutwoclosertogether，”saysresearcherJeffTsang.LawyerJohnKralikexperiencedthispersonally.He'dbeenfeelingdepressedand__5__abouthislife：He'dbeendivorcedandwasn't__6__withhischildren.Hefelttiredfromthe__7__hourshedevotedtowork.Ata/an__8__lowpoint，herememberedhisgrandfathertellinghimabouttheimportanceof__9__.Hedecidedtowrite365thankyounotesover365days，hopingfora/an__10__change.Immediately，henoticedhis__11__begintoimprove.“Thefirsteffectsarethatyourealisethatyourlifeismuchbetterthanyouthoughtandyoubecomemorepositive，”Kraliksaysofhis__12__actsofexpressingthanks.__13__byKralik'sexperience，Idecidedtotrythe__14__myself.IchosesomeonefrommypastwhomI'd__15__thankedbefore：mywonderfulhighschoolEnglishteacher.Iwasn'tsureifI'dbeableto__16__him，buteventuallyIfoundwherehelived.Inmyletter，Ithankedhimforthe__17__andsupportthathe'dgivenmeyearsearlier.Imayneverhearfromhim__18__，butthatisn'tthe__19__.Theletterhelpedme__20__mylife，andI'vebeenhappynowformonths.1．A.time B．thoughtsC．effectsD．relationship2．A.educationB．happinessC．incomeD．health3．A.shareB．completeC．compareD．leave4．A.methodB．desire9\nC．energyD．potential5．A.discouragedB．dishonestC．impatientD．surprised6．A.boredB．strictC．closeD．honest7．A.limitedB．valuableC．delightfulD．long8．A.importantlyB．particularlyC．physicallyD．exactly9．A.forgivenessB．achievementC．gratefulnessD．patience10．A.positiveB．unexpectedC．possibleD．instant11．A.wealthB．attitudeC．positionD．competence12．A.generousB．strangeC．braveD．simple13．A.StruckB．InspiredC．ShockedD．Invited14．A.ideaB．beliefC．letterD．test15．A.nearlyB．frequentlyC．alreadyD．never16．A.rememberB．recogniseC．locateD．reward17．A.degreeB．moneyC．giftD．guidance18．A.inadvanceB．inpublicC．inreturnD．inperson19．A.caseB．pointC．factD．solution20．A.appreciateB．understandC．faceD．review9\n【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过亲身经历告诉我们这样一个道理：当你对别人表达出感谢之情时，你会变得更快乐。1．C 考查名词辨折。根据“benefits”并结合第一段可知，此处指感谢别人对自己的影响要比你预想的长久。C项意为“效果，影响”，符合语境。A项意为“时间”；B项意为“想法”；D项意为“关系”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。2．B 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指写感谢信可以提高人们的幸福水平。B项意为“幸福”，符合语境。A项意为“教育”；C项意为“收入”；D项意为“健康”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。3．A 考查动词辨析。根据此句中的“bringyoutwoclosertogether”可知，此处指与帮助你的人分享这件事。sharesth.withsb.意为“与某人分享某物”，符合语境。B项意为“完成，实现”；C项意为“比较”；D项意为“离开”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。4．D 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指如果你与帮助你的人一起分享感激之情，这就有可能将你们两人之间的距离拉近。D项意为“可能性，潜能”，符合语境。A项意为“方法”；B项意为“欲望”；C项意为“精力”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。5．A 考查形容词辨折。根据该句中的“feelingdepressed”可知，此处应用“discouraged”与“depressed”并列，指他对生活感到沮丧。A项意为“泄气的”，符合语境。B项意为“不诚实的”；C项意为“没有耐心的”；D项意为“感到惊讶的”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。6．C 考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“He'dbeendivorced”可知，他已经离婚了，并且与孩子也不亲近。C项意为“亲近的，亲密的”，符合语境。A项意为“无聊的”；B项意为“严格的”；D项意为“诚实的”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。7．D 考查形容词辨析。根据“felttiredfrom”可推知，此处指因为长时间的工作，所以他感到疲劳。D项意为“长的”，符合语境。A项意为“有限的”；B项意为“有价值的”；C项意为“高兴的”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。8．B 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，他离婚了，和孩子也不亲近，而且工作辛苦，所以这是他人生的低谷。B项意为“尤其，特别”，符合语境。A项意为“重要地”；C项意为“身体上”；D项意为“恰恰，正好”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。9．C 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“Hedecidedtowrite365thankyounotes”可知，此处指他记起祖父告诉过他感激的重要性。C项意为“感激”，符合语境。A项意为“原谅”；B项意为“成就”；D项意为“耐心”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。10．A 考查形容词辨析。根据下一段第二句中的“youbecomemorepositive”可知，此处指他希望通过这种方式获得一个积极的改变。A项意为“积极的”，符合语境。B项意为“出人意料的”；C项意为“可能的”；D项意为“立即的”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。9\n11．B 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，这位律师正处于人生的低谷时期，然后通过写感谢信使得他的态度开始改善。B项意为“态度”，符合语境。A项意为“财富”；C项意为“位置”；D项意为“能力”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。12．D 考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“expressingthanks”可知，写感谢信只是表达感谢的一个简单的行为。D项意为“简单的”，符合语境。A项意为“慷慨的”；B项意为“奇怪的”；C项意为“勇敢的”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。13．B 考查动词辨析。根据下文可知，“我”也决定写感谢信了。由此推断出，“我”是受了Kralik的经历的鼓舞。B项意为“鼓舞，激励”，符合语境。故答案选B。14．A 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，“我”决定亲自试试这个想法。A项意为“想法，主意”，符合语境。B项意为“信念”；C项意为“信”；D项意为“测试”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。15．D 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，“我”不知道这位高中英语老师的地址，所以他是“我”以前从未感谢过的人。D项意为“从未”，符合语境。A项意为“几乎”；B项意为“经常”；C项意为“已经”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。16．C 考查动词辨析。根据“buteventuallyIfoundwherehelived”可知，此处指“我”不知道是否能够找到他。C项意为“找出……的准确位置”，符合语境。A项意为“记得”；B项意为“认出”；D项意为“奖励，奖赏”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。17．D 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，“我”感谢的对象是“我”的一位高中英语老师，所以“我”应是感谢他给予“我”的指导和帮助。D项意为“指导”，符合语境。A项意为“程度，等级”；B项意为“金钱”；C项意为“礼物”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。18．C 考查介词短语辨析。根据常识可知，“我”写感谢信给多年前的老师，而老师不一定会回信给“我”。C项意为“作出回应”，符合语境。A项意为“提前”；B项意为“公开地”；D项意为“亲自”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。19．B 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“I'vebeenhappynowformonths”可知，“我”快乐了几个月，所以此处指老师是否回信不是重点。B项意为“重点，要点”，符合语境。A项意为“事例”；C项意为“事实”；D项意为“解决方法”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。20．A 考查动词辨析。联系全文的内容可知，文章主要是关于表达出感谢可以给自己带来快乐，所以此处指这封感谢信帮助“我”感激“我”的生活，“我”为此快乐了几个月。A项意为“感激”，符合语境。B项意为“理解”；C项意为“面对”；D项意为“回顾”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。***短文改错。Asaseniorthreestudent,IoftenimaginehowIwillbedoinginthefuture.Talkedaboutmydreamjob,IexpecttobeanEnglishteacherforthefollowingreasons：First,I'manenergeticandoutgoingboywithgreatpatient.That'swhataqualifiedteachershouldhad,inmyopinion.Besides,IamcrazyabouttheEnglish9\nlanguage,Iamdoingquitewell.Aboveall,teachersaregenerallyrespect.Withtwovacationseachyear,Imayenjoymorerelaxedtime.Asanambitiousboy,Ihopetotakeupajobwhichisbeneficialforsociety.Beingagoodteachermayinfluencemorestudentstoshoulderhisresponsibilitiesandcontributetotheircountry.Inashort,I'llworkveryhardtobecomeapopularEnglishteacher.答案：Asaseniorthreestudent,IoftenimagineIwillbedoinginthefuture.aboutmydreamjob,IexpecttobeanEnglishteacherforthefollowingreasons：First,I'manenergeticandoutgoingboywithgreat.That'swhataqualifiedteachershould，inmyopinion.Besides,IamcrazyabouttheEnglishlanguage,Iamdoingquitewell.Aboveall,teachersaregenerally.Withtwovacationseachyear,Imayenjoymoretime.Asanambitiousboy,Ihopetotakeupajobwhichisbeneficialsociety.Beingagoodteachermayinfluencemorestudentstoshoulderresponsibilitiesandcontributetotheircountry.Inshort,I'llworkveryhardtobecomeapopularEnglishteacher.难项分析：第二处：Talked→Talking 考查非谓语动词。I和talkabout为逻辑上的主谓关系，且talkabout和expecttobe所表示的动作同时发生，故用现在分词作状语。第五处：I前加and 考查连词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，前后两句话为并列关系，故应用连词and。第八处：for→to 考查固定搭配。bebeneficialto表示“对……有益”。***9\n9
