阅读简答（建议用时：20分钟） Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Answerthequestionsaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.1(2022·长沙模拟)Pollutionisagrowingproblemthatisfacingtheinternationalcommunity,buteventheactionsthatwetakecanmakeadifference.Litteringiscreatingenvironmentalproblemsallovertheworldandisoftencreatedbycarelessindividuals.Ifweguardouractionsagainstcarelesslitteringwecanensureabetterworldforeveryone.Litteringisasevereprobleminmanycountriesaroundtheworld.Forexample,theAfricancityofKampala,thecapitalofUganda,issufferingfromtheconsequencesoflittering.Formanyyearsthecity’spooranddidn’thaveaproperwaytodisposeoftrash,sogarbagefilledthestreets.Overtheyearsmuchoftheplasticgarbagewouldslowlybepushedintotheground.Thisplasticlitterdoesn’tallowrainwatertoseepintothegroundandhascausedflooding.InmanyofKampala’spoorneighborhoodswheneveritrainspeople’shomesbecomefloodedwithwater.Thiswaterisoftendirtyandhasalloweddiseasestospread.ThisfloodinghasbecomesobadthattheUgandangovernmenthasbannedplasticbagsintheentirecountrytostopthelittering.Trashoftenfindsitswayintothewater.Todaytheworld’soceansarebelievedtohavemillionsoftonsoftrashfloatingaroundinthem.Thiscreatesaproblemforwildlifebecausetheymayaccidentallyeatthetrashanddiefromit.Scientistshavefoundonveryremoteislandsbabybirdsthathavediedbecausetheirstomachswerefulloftrash.Fishoftengettangledinplasticandwillalsodie.Ouractionsinourowncountriesaffectthemostremotepartsoftheplanet.Wecanallbepartofthesolutiontostopthispollution,justbypreventingcarelesslittering.Ifyouneedtothrowsomethingaway,don’ttossitoveryourshoulder—findatrashcan.Ifyouseeafriendlittering,tellhimnotto.Bymakingthissmallchangewecancreateabetterworldforall.1.Whatdoestheauthorsayisthecauseoflittering?(Nomorethan4words)-4-\n________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Howdoestrashcauseflooding?(Nomorethan10words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.Howcanlocalactionsaffecttheinternationalenvironment?(Nomorethan12words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttopreventlittering?(Nomorethan7words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2Stayingcalmwhileparentingababycanbeadifficulttask.Fromlosingtheirtemperortalkingback,babiessometimesacttogetyourattention.It’simportanttostaycalmwhendisciplining(训导)yourbaby,sothatyoucanmodelpatienceandkeepcontrolofyouractions.Practicecalmingtechniquesandworktokeepyoucoolevenwhenyourchildisactingout.TakeaBreakWhenyourbaby’sbehaviorhasyouseered,takeatimeoutifyoufeelyourselfgettingangry.Don’tfeedintothatangerandletyourselfgetworkedup.Separateyourselfphysicallyfromthesituation,ifyoucanbesuretoleaveyourbabyalonesafelyforaminute.Attheveryleast,closeyoureyesandtakeafewdeepbreaths.PlayMakeBelieveParentstendtobecalmerandlesslikelytogetangrywhendealingwithotherpeople’schildren.So,thenexttimeyourbabysendsyourtemperrising,stepbackandpretendthathe’snotyourbaby.Talktohimthewayyou’dspeaktoafriend’schild.Youmayfindthatyouareabletoapproachhisbehaviorcalmly.PrepareIfyouarelikelytolosecontrolwhenparentingyourbaby,prepareyourselfforstayingcalmaheadoftime.Tellyourselfthatyouarenotgoingtosubmittoangerandsticktoit.Giveyourselfawordorphrase,suchas“Relax”or“Letitgo”tofocusonwhenyoufeelyour-4-\ntemperrising.ReflectIfyoufindyourselfangryenoughtoyell,don’tbeatyourselfupaboutitlater.Getanotebookandwriteaboutwhathappenedandusethenotebookasawaytodocumentyourmoodssothatyoucanbetterunderstandyourtemperinthefuture.1.Accordingtothetext,howdochildrenbehavetogetparents’attention?(Nomorethan8words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Whendoparentstendtobecalmeraccordingtothepassage?(Nomorethan6words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.Howcanyoureflectonyourmoodsinthefuture?(Nomorethan8words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?(Nomorethan10words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【拓展训练】TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2intoChinese.(Passage2)____________________________________________________________________答案解析1答案:1.Carelessactions.2.Plasticlitterpreventsrainfromseepingintotheground.3.Somepollutioncancrossbordersandharmmorethanonecountry.4.Moreresponsibleactionsbyindividuals.2答案:-4-\n1.Bylosingtheirtemperortalkingback.2.Whendealingwithotherpeople’schildren.3.Keep/Writedownwhathappenedinthenotebook.4.Howparentsstaycalmwhileparentingababy.【拓展训练】如果你能确保孩子能自己安全地待一分钟,那你自己离开这个场合一会儿。-4-
