book8unit2cloning重点识记词汇1.straightforwardadj.简单的；直接的；坦率的 2.undertakevt.(undertook，undertaken)着手；从事；承担3．payoff得到好结果；取得成功；偿清4.breakthroughn．突破5．castvt.(cast，cast)扔；投；掷6.castdown使沮丧；使失望7．obtainvt.获得；赢得8.attainvt.获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)9．infavourof赞成；支持10.merelyadv.仅；只；不过11．fromtimetotime不时；偶尔12.bringbacktolife使复生；使复活13．owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……14.shortlyadv.立刻；不久15．proceduren．程序；步骤；手续16.bothervt.打扰vi.操心n．烦扰17．(be)boundto(do)一定或注定(做)……18.forbidvt.(forbade，forbad；forbidden)禁止；不准19．compulsoryadj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的20．ingood/poorcondition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)21．conservativeadj.保守的；守旧的n．保守者，因循守旧者22．vainadj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的→invain白费力气；枉费心机23．strikevi&vt.(struck，struck)打；撞击；罢工n.罢工→strike...intoone’sheart使……刻骨铭心24．correctionn．改正；纠正；修正→correctvt.改正adj.正确的；恰当的；端正的25．objectvi.反对；不赞成→objectionn．不赞成；反对；异议→objectiveadj.客观的；就事论事的26．differvi.不同；相异→differentadj.不同的→differencen．不同，差异27．exactadj.精确的；准确的→exactlyadv.恰好地；精确地；正确地28．assumptionn．假定；设想→assumevt.假定；设想29．regulationn．规则；规章；法规→regulatevt.调节；管理30．popularityn．受人喜爱；流行→popularadj.流行的，通俗的；受欢迎的31．resistvt.抵抗；对抗→resistantadj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的→resistancen．抵抗；对抗32．decorationn．装饰→decoratevt.装饰；装潢\n33．initialadj.最初的；开始的→initiallyadv.最初；开始；起初34．fairlyadv.公平地；相当地→fairadj.公平的35．reasonableadj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的→reasonn．原因；道理36．retirevi.退休；离开→retirementn．退休37．accumulatevt.&vi.积累；聚积→accumulationn．积累；增加38．commercialadj.商业的；贸易的→commercen．商业必背经典句式1.ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。2.Besidesthat，thereisalsoafiercedebateoverthequestionwhetherhumancloningexperimentsshouldbeallowed.除此之外，克隆人的实验是否应该被允许进行的问题引起了激烈的争论。必背经典句式3.Didshedieyoungbecauseshewasaclone?因为她是克隆的，所以才早逝了吗？4．Cloningplantsisstraightforwardwhilecloninganimalsisverycomplicated.克隆植物是简单的而克隆动物却十分复杂。5．Diversityinagroupmeanshavinganimalswiththeirgenesarrangedindifferentways.一个群体中的多样性意味着动物的基因以不同的方式排列。构词记忆 doubtful/′daʊtfʊl/adj.怀疑的；不确定的faithful/′feIθfʊl/adj.忠实的；忠诚的；尽职的；可靠的forgetful/fə′ɡetfʊl/adj.健忘的；不经心的；疏忽的graceful/′ɡreIsfʊl/adj.优美的；优雅的；雅致的grateful/′ɡreItfʊl/adj.感激的；感谢的Ⅰ.词汇与派生A．语境填词1．Scientistsarehopingforabreakthrough(突破)inthesearchforacureforcancer.2．Wehaveaccumulated(积聚)agreatamountofevidenceagainsthim.3．However，theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebothered(打扰)scientists.\n4．Youshouldfollowthenormalprocedureifyouwanttoundertake(负责)thelawcase.5．IfIhaveimprovedinanyway，Iowe(归功于)italltomyteacher.6．Detailscanbeobtained(获得)fromtheMinistryofEducation.7．Hissuggestionsoundsquitereasonable(合情理的)tomostofus.8．Thefilmwasacommercial(商业的)success.9．Initially(最初)，IthoughtIwouldonlystaythereforaweek，butlaterIchangedmymind.10．TheofficerinsistedthatMichaeldidnotfollowthecorrectprocedure(程序)inapplyingforavisa.11．Itiscompulsory(强制的)forallmotorcycliststowearhelmets.12．AuntMary’sarealconservative(保守者)．She’stotallyopposedtowomengoingouttowork.B．用所给词的适当形式填空13．Althoughtheyaretwins，theydifferfromeachotherinmanyaspects.Oneoftheirmajordifferencesisthattheyhavedifferentcharacters.(differ)14．Everyoneisforbiddentoenterthisforbiddenground.(forbid)15．Nowadaysfewpeoplecanresistthetemptationofmoney.Whoeverisresistanttoitisboundtoachievealotintheirlife.(resist)16．Manypeopleraisedanobjectiontothenewsreport，arguingthatitisnotobjective.(object)17．Itstruckhimthattheworkersmightgooutonstrike.(strike)18．Shelivesinanassumptionthatshewillwineverytimebecauseshealwaysassumesnooneismorecapablethanher.(assume)19．Inwesterncountries，everyfamilydecoratestheChristmastreeswithmaterials.OnChristmasEve，thehometakesonawonderfullookwithallthesedecorations.(decorate)Ⅱ.短语运用A．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空payoff，becastdown，objectto，owe...to...，strike...intoone’sheart，bringbacktolife，haveagreatimpacton，makeabreakthrough20．Weappreciateyourreasonsforobjectingtotheproposal.21．Theseearlysettlersowedtheirsurvivaltohardworkanddeterminationtosucceed.22．Chandrawasdeterminedtobecomeadoctorandherpersistencepaidoff.23．Hewascastdownbecausehewasforbiddentogooutwithhisbrothers.\n24．Thankstothedoctor’streatment，thedyingpatientwasbroughtbacktolife.25．Thecomputerhashadagreatimpactonmodernlifeinthepastdecades.26．Scientistshavemadeabreakthroughincomputerscience.27．Thescenestruckterrorintohisheartwhenhesawit.B．用方框内所给短语填空28．Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwasinfavourofit.29．Hiseffortstoraisemoneyforhisprogramwereinvainbecausenooneshowedanyintentiontotakeacentoutoftheirpockets.30．Itisconsiderateofyoutocallonyourrelativesfromtimetotime.31．Idon’tcareabouttheprice，solongasthecarisingoodcondition.32．Johnpassedthroughadifficultperiodshortlyafterhismother’sdeath.Ⅲ.经典句式33．Foramomentnothinghappened.Thencamevoicesallshoutingtogether.有一会儿什么也没发生。接下来传来一阵欢呼的声音。34．Thequestionwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasnotbeenansweredyet.我们是否该继续实验的问题还没有被解决。35．Afterthelongjourney，thethreeofthemwentbackhome，hungryandtired.长途旅行之后，他们三个人返回家，又累又饿。36．ThefatherlikesreadingnewspaperwhilethesonenjoyssurfingontheInternet.父亲喜欢看报而儿子却喜欢上网。37．Withalotofproblemstosolve，thebossstayeduplateeverynight.由于有这么多的问题要解决，老板每晚熬夜很晚。1differvi.不同；相异；意见相左(todisagreewithsb.)differfrom不同于；和……不同differin在……方面不同differwithsb.on/about/oversth.在……上和某人有分歧/异议makeadifference(to...)和……有差别；对……有影响\ntellthedifferencebetweenAandB 分清A和Bbedifferentfrom...in...在……方面与……不同Thestoryhetoldthepolicedifferedfromtheonehetoldhismother.他在警方和母亲那里的说辞不一。Thetwoleadershaddifferedontheissueofsanctions.两位领导人在制裁问题上存在意见分歧。[夯实基础]语法填空(1)Humansdifferfromotheranimalsintheirabilitytospeak.(2)Foreignautomakersdifferintheirresponsetotheslowdown.(3)Whatyouhavetoldmemaymakeadifferencetomyownposition.(4)Inanaturaldisaster，minutesandevensecondsofwarningcanmakethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.2forbidv.禁止；不准[应试指导] 后跟非谓语动词的考查forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事It’sforbiddentodosth.做某事是禁止的They’llforbidyoutomarry.他们不会准许你结婚。Shewasshutawayandforbiddentoread.她被关了起来，并且不允许看书。[夯实基础](1)语法填空①It’sforbiddentomarry(marry)someonewhoisnotamemberofthesamefaith.②Thenewlawforbidssmoking(smoke)inoffices.③Hewasforbiddentosmoke(smoke)here.(2)Weareforbiddentoplayonthelawnbelongingtohim.It’sforbiddenforustoplayonthelawnbelongingtohim.(用it作形式主语改写句子)3assumptionn.假定；设想；承担；掌握[应试指导] assuming，suppose，supposing，provided，providing，given(that)等用作连词引导条件状语从句\nontheassumptionthat...假定……assumev．假定(设)；认为assumesb./sth.tobe...认为某人(事)……assuming(that)．..假设……(引导条件状语从句)Itisassumedthat...人们认为……Letusassumeittobetrue.让我们假定这是真实的。Itisgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.普遍认为，压力系工作过重所致。[夯实基础](1)Iftherewasn’tthehardworkofthedustbin，canyouimaginewhatourenvironmentwillbelike?Assuming(that)therewasn’tthehardworkofthedustbin，whatcanyouimagineourenvironmentwillbelike？(用assuming作连词并用canyouimagine作插入语改写句子)(2)Peopleassumethatwhattheydohaslittleeffectontheenvironment.Itisassumedthatwhattheydohaslittleeffectontheenvironment.(用it作形式主语改写句子)4strikevt.&vi.(struck，struck)打；罢工；敲；撞击(hit)；侵袭(attack)；给(某人以……)印象(impress)；擦(rub)；突然想起；n.罢工；打击[应试指导] 熟词新义的考查bestruckwith/by为……所袭击(感动)Itstrikesmethat...我觉得……；我的印象是……sth.strikesb.(＝sb.strikeonsth.)某人想到……beonstrike在罢工,goonstrike举行罢工Hestrucktheballstraightintothehospitalitytent.他将球直接打进迎宾帐篷里。Staffatthehospitalwentonstrikeinprotestattheincidents.医院员工举行罢工，抗议这几起事件。[夯实基础](1)他突然想起一个好主意。(一句多译)①Hestruckonagoodidea.(strikeon)②Hehitonagoodidea.(hiton)③Agoodideastruck/hithim.(strike/hitsb.)\n④Agoodideacameintohismind.(mind)⑤Agoodideaoccurredtohim.(occur)⑥Agoodideacametohim.(cometo)⑦Hethoughtofagoodidea.(think)(2)Theywerestruckbythebeautyofitsbuildingsontheirpreviousvisit，sotheydecidedtovisitthesmalloldtownagain.Struckbythebeautyofitsbuildingsontheirpreviousvisit，theydecidedtovisitthesmalloldtownagain.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)5payoff得到好结果(bringagoodresult)；付清(finishpayingthemoney)；(付清工资后)解雇；取得成功(besuccessful)[应试指导] 作为高级词汇替换succeed，besuccessfulpayfor付……的钱；为……而付出代价payback偿还；向……报复payup付清；还清payavisitto访问Itwouldtakehimtherestofhislifetopayoffthatloan.他得用余生来还清那笔贷款。Payoffyourcreditcardseverymonth.记得每月还清你的信用卡。[夯实基础]选择方框内的短语填空(1)Whicheveroneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.(2)Canyoulendme10？I’llpayyoubackonFriday.(3)—Dad，Idon’tthinkOlivertherightsortofpersonforthejob.—Isee.I’llgorightawayandpayhimoff.6objectto反对；不赞成[多词一义] objectto，beagainst，beopposedto，opposeobjecttosb./sth.反对；不赞成objectto(sb.’s)doing...反对(某人)做……raiseanobjectiontosth.对……提出异议have/makeanobjectionto/against(doing)sth.对(做)……表示反对Iobjecttobeingspokentolikethat.我不喜欢别人那样跟我说话。\n[夯实基础](1)语法填空①UnlessourmanagerobjectstoTom’sjoining(join)theclub，weshallaccepthimasamember.②Despiteobjections(object)bytheWhiteHouse，theSenatevotedtodaytocutoffaid.③Moststudentsobjecttobeingcharged(charge)forparkingonthecampus.(2)我不赞成花那么多的钱买牛奶。(一句多译)①Iobjecttopayingthatmuchformilk.(object)②Iraisedanobjectiontopayingthatmuchformilk.(objection)③Iwasopposedtopayingthatmuchformilk.(opposed)1Coulditbesolvedifcorrectionsweremadeintheirresearchprocedure？如果改进研究程序，问题会不会解决呢？非真实条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might＋动词原形与过去事实相反的假设had＋过去分词would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词与将来事实相反的假设(1)动词的过去式(2)wereto＋动词原形(3)should＋动词原形would/could/should/might＋动词原形IfIwereyou，Ishouldgoandseethedentistatonce.如果我是你的话，我会马上去看牙科医生。Ifthesunweretoriseinthewest，Iwouldlendyouthemoney.假如太阳从西边出来，我就借钱给你。[夯实基础]语法填空(1)—Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.\n—Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop，thingswouldbemuchbetternow！Andmyvegetableswouldn’thavedied(not，die)．(2)HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram，ahugeamountoftimeandenergywouldhavebeensaved(save)．(3)Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifitshouldbreak/broke/weretobreak(break)downwithinthefirstyear，wewouldrepairitatourexpense.(4)Wewouldbe(be)backinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.2单元语法——用合适的结构填空使下列句子成为含有同位语的句子(1)Tomisahandsomeboy.Tomisourmonitor.→Tom，ourmonitor，isahandsomeboy.(2)Iwilldotheexperiment.Iwilldoitbymyself.→I，myself，willdotheexperiment.(3)Theyaresix.Sheistheoldestamongthem.→Sheistheoldestamongthemsix.(4)Hetoldmethenews.Theplanehadexploded.→Hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded.(5)Thefreezingtemperatureisthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure.Freezingpointisthat，too.→Thefreezingtemperature，orfreezingpoint，isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure.高考题组Ⅰ.阅读填空(2022·新课标全国Ⅱ)TipsforCookingonaTightScheduleFrommyexperience，therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon’tcookmoreoften：ability，money，andtime.16MoneyisatopicI’llsaveforanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule：1．Thinkahead.ThemomentswhenIthinkcookingisapainarewhenI’malreadyhungryandthere’snothingreadytoeat.Sothinkaheadofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhavetimetocook？Doyouhavetherightmaterialsalready？172．Makeyourtimeworthit.Whenyoudofindtimetocookameal，makethemostof\nitandsaveyourselftimelateron.Areyoumakingoneloafofbread？18Ittakesaroundthesameamountoftimetomakemoreofsomething.Sosaveyourselftheeffortforafuturemeal.3．19Thismaysurpriseyou，butoneofthebesttoolsformakingcookingworthyourtimeisexperimentation.Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideasandrecipesthatcanworkwellwithyourappetiteandschedule.Themoreyoulearnandthemoreyoutry，themoreabilityyouhavetotakecontrolofyourfoodandyourschedule.Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart.20Anddon’tletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!A．Trynewthings.B．Abilityiseasilyimproved.C．Makethreeorfourinstead.D．Understandyourfoodbetter.E．Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F．Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.G．Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.答案 16.B 17.G 18.C 19.A 20.FⅡ.写作常用句翻译1．这是给退休教师的多么好的礼物！(retire)(2022·广东·读写任务)Whatawonderfulgifttoaretiredteacher!2．我也希望我的努力能得到回报。(payoff)(2022·山东·写作)IalsohopethatthegreateffortIammakingwillpayoff.模拟题组Ⅰ.语法填空1．Hewasinpoorhealth，sothedoctorforbadehimtodrink(drink)wine.2．Weallcangooutforapicnicthisafternoon—assuming(assume)thattheothersagree.3．ItstruckmethatIleftmypurseathome.4．Hisgirlfriendcouldn’tresistasking(ask)himabouthisfamilybackground.5．Wehaveourbadtimesbutonthewholewe’refairly(fair)happy.6．Aslongaswepersistinspreadingscientificknowledgeamongthemasses，allthestrangebeliefsareboundtogo(go)outofourlife.7．Hedevotedmostofhistimetohisresearch，believinghishardworkwouldpay\noffsoonerorlater.8．Aroundtwoo’clockeverynight，Suewillstarttalkinginherdream.Itsomewhatbothers(bother)us.9．Bereasonable(reason)—youcan’texpectmetofinishallthisworkinsolittletime.10．Ifithadnotrained(not，rain)sohardyesterday，wewouldhaveplayedtennis.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Smokinghasforbiddeninpublicplacesforseveralyears.has后加上been2．Hehasnoteasilycastdown，becauseheisastrongmindedperson.has→is3．Iobjecttheplanonthegroundbecauseitistooexpensive.object后加上to4．After10yearsofhardwork,theypaidbacktheirdebtsatlast.back→off5．Youareboundtofeelingnervousaboutyourjobinterview.feeling→feel6．Thecurrentgovernmentisinthefavorofhiseconomictheories.去掉favor前的the7．Shewentupstairstoseeifhewasstillasleepfromtimeandtime.and→to8．—MydaughterlivedinFranceforfiveyearsandnowshe’sworkinginaforeigncompany.—ThereisnowonderthatshespeakssuchexcellentFrench.There→It9．Shehasworkedatthebankformanyyears,ninetobeexactly.exactly→exact10．ItwasknowntoallthatBobhadbrokenhispromisehewouldgivethemarise.promise后加上thatⅢ.写作句式升级训练Withkindnessandvirtue，theworldwillbecomemorebeautiful.(素材来源于2022·广东·读写任务)Aslongasthereiskindnessandvirtue，theworldwillbecomemorebeautiful.(用aslongas改写为复合句)Ⅰ.阅读理解AImprovingyourvocabularycanbedoneatanyageandanylevelofeducation.Evencollegestudentscanbenefitfromanenlargedvocabulary，whichwillenhancespokenandwrittencommunicationaswellasprovidingadeepergraspofanylanguage.Oftenpeopleareencouragedtoimprovetheirvocabularybyamajortest，butimproving\nyourvocabularycanbedoneforfunaswell.Readingmore，playingwordgamesandpuzzles，andlookingupwordsinthedictionaryareallgoodwaystolearnnewwords.Oneofthebestwaystoimproveyourvocabularyistoreadmore.Readingisdirectlylinkedwithalargervocabulary，especiallyifyouseekoutbooksinunfamiliarstylesoraboutunfamiliartopics.Nonfictioninawidevarietyoffieldscanteachyounewwordsandgeneralknowledge，butreadingfictionisalsohighlybeneficial.Asyouread，makeanoteofunfamiliarwords，lookthemup，andwritedownthedefinition.Playingwordgamesisafunwaytolearnnewwords.GameslikeScrabbleandBogglewillencourageyourbraintoplaywithwordsandletters，aswellaslearningnewones.Ifyouplaywithanopendictionary，youcanencouragepeopletotryoutwordstheymightotherwisebeafraidofusing.Mostwordgamesareinteractive，soyouenjoycompanywhileyouexpandyourvocabulary.Anotherwayofimprovingyourvocabularyistodowordpuzzles.Mostnewspapersincludecrosswords，simplecryptologypuzzles，andjumblesthatgetprogressivelyharderthroughouttheweek.Trytocommittocompletingallofthewordpuzzleseveryday，oratleastattempttofinishthem.Wordpuzzlescanalsobedoneingroups，especiallyifyouenjoycompetition.Youcanpurchasebooksofwordpuzzlesofvaryingdifficultyforadifferentchallenge.Asimplewaytoimproveyourvocabularyistousethedictionary.Createflashcardsofunfamiliarwordsandpracticetheminthetrain，onthebus，orwhenyouwakeupinthemorning.Trytopracticewordsinavarietyofenvironmentssothatyoureallylearnthem，andmakesuretousethewordsindailysentencesaswellsothatyoucangrowaccustomedtousingthemcorrectly.Ifyouhearsomeoneusingawordyoudon’trecognize，askhimorheraboutitorlookitup.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enhance”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Improve.B．Decrease.C．Practice.D．Purchase答案 A解析 词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，此句话意思是：词汇量大对大学生非常有利，会提高他们口语和写作表达能力，也会帮助他们深层理解任何语言。故选A项。2．Howmanyfunwaysofimprovingvocabularyarementionedinthepassage?A．3.B．4.C．5.D．6.答案 B\n解析 细节理解题。文中一共提到4种有趣的扩大词汇量的方法：toreadmore，playingwordgames，todowordpuzzles和tousethedictionary，故选B项。3．Whichofthefollowingisawordgame?A．Nonfiction.B．Boggle.C．Jumbles.D．Crosswords.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“GameslikeScrabbleandBogglewillencourageyourbraintoplaywithwordsandletters，aswellaslearningnewones.”一句可得出答案，故选B项。4．Whatdowelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Youhavetocompleteallofthewordpuzzlestoimproveyourvocabulary.B．Wordpuzzlessometimesaresodifficultthattheyneedtobedoneingroups.C．Practicingwordseverywhereandusingthemindailysentencesarehelpful.D．Youcanignorethenewwordsusedintheconversationwithyourfriends.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Trytopracticewordsinavarietyofenvironmentssothatyoureallylearnthem，andmakesuretousethewordsindailysentencesaswellsothatyoucangrowaccustomedtousingthemcorrectly.”可知C项为答案。BOnewintertermduringcollegeinnorthernNewYork，Itookan8amhistoryclasstofulfillarequirement.Itwashardtogetupforthatclass，butabout15ofusmet3timesaweektofacethecoldwindsbravelyandgotothatlectureinaclassroom.Theprofessorfortheclasswasastrangefellow.Hehadflamingredhairandusuallyworerainbootswithonelegofhispantsinandtheotherout.Hewouldwalkshylyintotheroomwearinghishooded(带兜帽的)wintercoat，onceevennotremovingthehoodduringthelecture.Hewasterriblyillateasewiththeclassandheldthelecturehardlylookingupthroughhisgoldrimmedglassesathisstudents.IfeltthatIneededtodosomethingtostoptheboredomthatwouldfollowinhislecture，soIcreatedalittlegameformyself.Iwouldfindsomethinginhislecturetoaskhim，forcingmetopayattentionratherthanlettingmyeyesclose.ThefirsttimeIraisedmyhand，hewassurprisedandalittleunwillingtofindoutwhatIwanted.Buthewasobviouslypleasedtohaveaquestiontoanswer.Infact，hisanswerswerealwaysinteresting.\nIcontinuedtodothisinclassandfoundmyselfactuallyenjoyingthematerial.Theprofessorseemedtobecomeabitmorerelaxedandsomeoftheotherstudentsevenjoinedinfromtimetotime.Mylittlegamehadsavedmefrombeingboredasitwasdesignedtodo.And，Ilearnedquiteabitaboutancientworldhistoryinthebargain.Theprofessorobviouslyknewhismaterial，buthehadahardtimepassingitontostudentsinaninterestingway.Forallhisstrangeappearance，hewasindeedquiteanexpertinhisfield.ButthereallessonIwastolearnhadyettohappen.Onthelastdayoftheclasswegatheredourbooksandheadedoutofthedoorforthelasttime.Theshy，redhairedprofessorsteppeddirectlyinfrontofmeandputouthishand.“Iwanttothankyouformakingthisclasssointeresting，”hesaid，shakingmyhandfirmlyandsmilingforthefirsttime.Iwassosurprised.Tome，ithadbeenapleasantwaytopassthetimeinanoptionalcourse.Ihadnoideathatallofmyquestionshadanyeffectonhimortheothersatall.Thatmomenthasstayedwithmefor30years.Eachofus，throughthethingswesayanddo，thekindnesseswecanfreelyoffer，canhaveadeepeffectnotjustonourownexperiences，butthoseofothers.Idon’trecallthefactsIlearnedinhisclass，butI’llneverforgettheprofessorwhotaughtmealessonaboutthepowerofactsofkindness，intendedornot.5．Theauthorchosetotakehistoryclassprobablybecause.A．itwaseasytolearnB．hemajoredinhistoryC．itwashisfavoritecourseD．heneededittofinishcollege答案 D解析 推理判断题。第一段中说选历史课是为了完成一项要求，第五段倒数第二句中又说这是选修课，由此可以推知这是作者要完成大学学业所选修的课程。6．Theauthoralwaysaskedquestionsinclassinorderto.A．showoffhisclevernessB．keephimselfconcentratingontheclassC．leavetheprofessorwithadeepimpressionD．maketheteacherembarrassed答案 B\n解析 细节理解题。第三段前半部分说教授的课很乏味，为了防止自己睡着，更为了使自己集中注意力，所以作者才想出这个办法。7．Wecanlearnfromthefourthparagraphthat.A．moststudentsweren’tsatisfiedwiththeprofessorB．theprofessor’sclasseswerealwaysbadlyorganizedC．theprofessortriedhardtomakehisclassesinterestingD．theauthorgainedalotofhistoryknowledgeinthiscourse答案 D解析 细节理解题。由第四段中的倒数第三四“And，Ilearnedquiteabitaboutancientworldhistoryinthebargain.”可知作者在教授的课上学到了很多世界古代史的知识。8．Whydidtheprofessorthanktheauthoronthelastdayoftheclass?A．Becausetheauthorpointedoutsomefaultsinhislectures.B．Becausetheauthorgavehimsomeadviceonhisteaching.C．Becausetheauthorbroughtfunandlivelinesstohislectures.D．Becausetheauthorhadahighopinionofhisteaching.答案 C解析 细节理解题。由第五段中教授对作者所说的话可知，作者在课堂上的提问使教授的课变得生动有趣起来，所以教授想要感谢作者。Ⅱ.阅读填空Youalreadyknowanenvironmentalist’sthreeR’s：reduce，reuse，recycle.9HerearethreethingsyoucandoforEarthDay.•BearealcutupThenexttimeyou’reabouttothrowouttheplasticringsthatholdasixpackofsodatogether,reachforapairofscissors.Asayoungturtle，Peanutgotstuckinoneofthoserings.Asshegrew，theringstayedput，forcinghershelltogrowaroundit.Bythetimesomeonefoundherandcutherfree，hershellwaspermanentlydeformed(使成畸形)．10ShenowlivesatanaturecenterinMissouri.Butmostanimalsthatgetcaughtinsixpackringsdie.WHATYOUCANDOEasy！Cuttheringsapartbeforeyoutrashthem.•Huntforvampires(吸血鬼)Youknowallthoseelectronicinventionsyou’vegotathome？Evenwhenyouswitchthemoff，they’rereallystillon.11AnythingwithaglowingLEDoff/onlight，aremotecontrol，oraclockdisplayisalwayson.WHATYOUCANDO\nJustpullouttheplugsortaptheOFFswitchtillyoureallyneedtheelectronics.•12MattDamonreallycaresaboutcleanwater.SoinFebruary，heannouncedthathewasgoingonstrike—againsttoilets.“Untileverybodyhasaccesstocleanwaterandsanitation，”hesaid，“Iwillnotgotothebathroom！”Hewaskidding—buttomakeaseriouspoint.Aroundtheworld，hesaid，“780millionpeoplelackaccesstocleanwater；2.5billionpeoplelackaccesstoatoilet.”WHATYOUCANDO13Justdon’twastewater.Don’trunthewaterwhilebrushingyourteeth.Takeshortershowers.A．GetwaterwiseB．UsetoiletslessC．Buthowelsecanyouhelp?D．Noneedtogoonatoiletstrike.E．Howtorecognizevampireelectronics?F．That’stwicethepopulationoftheUnitedStates.G．Thankstoherhardshell，Peanutisaliveandwell.答案 9.C 10.G 11.E 12.A 13.DⅢ.写作素材(关于克隆)提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用because引导的原因状语从句，that引导的宾语从句。14．现在许多国家研究克隆。Nowadaysmanycountriesdoresearchoncloning.15．人们对克隆有不同的看法。People’sideasofcloningdiffer.16．有些人很沮丧，他们认为这在伦理上是不合理的，应该被禁止。Somefeelcastdownbecausetheythinkthatitisnotmorallyreasonableandshouldbeforbidden.17．实际上许多国家从事这个课题并获得重大的突破，所以我们无法抗拒它。Actuallymanycountriesundertakeitandobtaingreatbreakthroughs,andthereforeweareunabletoresistit.
