七选五之逻辑关系型小题必练20：七选五之逻辑关系型常考考点：1）因果关系；2）转折关系；3）递进关系；4）并列关系。（2020·全国I卷）AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.36Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●37Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.38Youwillmakemistakestimeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?“Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.\nBut,Itriedmybest.”●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.39●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.40Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.ESetanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?【答案】BFDCA【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了自我接纳的一些方法，如不要和他人比较，原谅自己所犯的错，认识自己的优点等。36.根据空格处下一句及下文可知后面作者是提出了一些自我接纳的方法，B项（从哪里开始呢？）符合语境，故选B。37.根据文章结构可知，此处为小标题，且根据空格处后文“Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.”可知，你的生活是你自己的，不要去和别人比较，故选F。38.根据空格处下句“Youwillmakemistakestimeandtimeagain.”（你会一次又一次地犯错误。）可知D项（记住，你只是人。）符合语境，故选D。39.空格处上一句列举了一些小的成就，C项（任何小的成就都值得庆祝。）符合语境，故选C。40.根据空格处上文可知，列举完了优点，也要列举缺点，在日记中写下为什么觉得自己不够好。A项（又一次感觉到失望吗？）符合语境，故选A。\n（2020·浙江卷7月）Iexperiencedyearsoflonelinessasachild.31Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.Myloveofthewrittenwordbeganearlyasmymotherreadtomeeveryevening.32Istartedreadingbooksonmyownbeforeage5andmymothertookmetothepubliclibraryonceaweektoborrowseveralbooks.Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren’sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.Readingopenednewworldstome.33MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.34Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特点)othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.35Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospendtimeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.Mybrother,ofcourse,racedofftobewithhisfriends,whileIhadplentytodomyself.Therewasmaking-leafhousesinautumn,iceskatinginwinter,andsomuchmore.They’reallmemoriesItreasuretoday.A.Iwasn’taloneanylonger.B.Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloud.C.Iwasinvitedtoplaywithanotherkid.D.Ilovedthecolorfulphotographsinthebooks.E.AnotherhabitIformedearlywasbeingoutdoors.F.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.G.Myolderbrothercouldn’tbebotheredtoplaywithme.【答案】GDAFE【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。31.设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.”可知，设空句\n应提及his的身份，即G项中的Myelderbrother，且G项（我哥哥懒得和我一起玩。）在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。32.根据前句提到“我对文字的热爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项（我喜欢书中的彩色照片。）和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的books指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。33.根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项（我不再感到孤独。）和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。34.根据空格前句（当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意。）可知，F项（于是，我开始对创造东西产生了长久的兴趣。）和上句构成因果关系，“我”正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了makingthings.对产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。35.根据空格后句（无论什么天气或季节，我的父母都要让我们花时间在户外。）可知，E项（我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外。）和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。Passage1Inthefuture,whenrobotscanbeusedbothinhomesandinotherareas,theycouldimprovethelivingstandardsofpeople.1Whenrobotscancompletesuchjobs,peoplecanspendmoretimewiththeirfamilyandfriends.Expertsbelieverobotscanbeusedoncertainjobstoavoidaccidentscausedbycarelessbehaviorofsomepeople.Whenrobotsareusedonsuchwork,itdoesnotriskanyhumanlifeduetoaccidentsattheworkplace.Humanresourcescanbeefficientlyusedbyperformingtaskswhichdemandhumanskillslikecriticalthinkingandproblemsolving.2Whilesomepeopletalkabouthowrobotscanbeusefultohumans,othersvoicetheirconcerns.Whenrobotsbecomecheapertoproduce,employersmayprefertousemorerobotsthanhumans.Asthetechnologyconstantlyimprovestheabilitiesofrobots,\nitcouldweakenthevalueofhumans.3Somemayevendevelopthehabitofusingrobotsontasksthattheycaneasilydo.Thiscouldcreatealazysociety.4Withoutthem,thenation’shealthcaresystemwillbreakdown.Therewillsimplybetoomanyelderlypeopletocareforasthenationfacesadecreasingbirthrate,anagingpopulation,andthelooseningoffamilyties.5Aboveall,Japanneedsitsdreamsofrobotsinthehometocometruebecauseitsimmigrationpolicyisanti-immigration.A.RobotshavebeenwidelyusedinJapan.B.Manypeoplemayrelyonrobotsheavily.C.Theycanfreepeoplefromsuchtasksascooking.D.Mostpeoplebelieverobotshavechangedtheirlife.E.Japanseesitasamusttobuildrobotstotakecareoftheelderly.F.Robotscanbealsousedonlow-endjobslikemovingheavythings.G.However,manyelderlypeoplewouldpreferhumanhelperstorobots.【答案】1-5CFBEG【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在未来社会，机器人给人类带来的便捷。1.空格后句：当机器人可以完成这些工作的时候，人们就可以有更多的时间与家人和朋友一起度过。也就是说，机器人的存在为人类腾出了更多的时间，选项C（它们可以将人们从像烹饪这样的事务中解放出来。）与之相符。故选C项。2.空格前句：人力资源可以被有效地利用来进行需要人类技能（比如批判性思维和解决问题的能力）的工作。选项F（机器人也可以被应用在像搬运重物这样的低端工作中。）与前文是递进关系。故选F项。3.根据第三段首句（在一些人探讨机器人对人类的用处的同时，另一些人则表达了他们的担忧。）可知第三段主要讲了人们对于机器人的担忧。选项C中说（很多人可能会过度依赖机器人。）与全段意思一致，故选B项。4.根据空格后句“Withoutthem,thenation’shealthcaresystemwillbreakdown.”可知机器人在整个国家的健康系统中起到了至关重要的作用，而选项E中“amusttobuildrobotstotakecareoftheelderly”与之相符，下文的thenation指代Japan。故选E项。5.空格前文：没有机器人，整个国家的医疗保健系统将会瓦解，会有越来越多的老年人需要照顾，因为整个国家面临着出生率下降，人口老龄化和家庭关系松散的问题。说明机器人对\n于医疗健康系统至关重要，选项G中的However表示转折，选项内容与前文分别陈述了日本国家和民众对于机器人的两种态度，更全面，也更客观。故选G项。Passage2IamfortunatebecauseIamoneofthehostsoftheradioclubinourschool.Weallfindtheclubamazingasitisrunbythestudentsfortheschool.Itwasstartedtwoyearsago.Oneday,Ijustbeganthinkingaboutmusicforeveryone,6Heapproved(批准)theproposal,andovertimeIaminchargeoftheradioclubastheoldeststudentmember.7Everymorningwetellourschoolmatesabouttheweather,recentnews,andsomespecialmessagesthattheteacherswantustobroadcast(广播).Duringexamtimewehaveaspecialprogramme8Forexample,weletstudentsknowhowtotakeadvantageofalltheresourcestoreview(复习).Attheendoftheschoolyear,manystudentswhoaregraduating(毕业)makeuseofourclubtogivemessagestotheirclosefriendsandteachers.Lastbutnotleast,whenparentscometovisittheschoolandtalktotheteachers,weoftenplaysongssungbystudents,andwealsogivemessages910Ishallmisstheradioclubaftergraduation,butIknowthatitwillcontinuewithoutme.A.Ourclubismuchmorethanjustmusic.B.andallthemembersmadecontributionstoourclub.C.IntimeI’vefoundmyselfgrownintoanall-roundperson.D.Theradioclubhasreallymadeadifferenceinmyschoollife.E.toremindstudentsofthethingstheyshoulddoforpreparation.F.toinformtheparentsofeventssuchasoutingsandschoolplays.G.soIaskedtheheadmasterifmusiccouldbeplayedduringbreaktimes.【答案】6-10GAEFD【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了在作者的创意下，学校成立了播音俱乐部及学校电台，俱乐部每天都会播放音乐、新闻和传达老师的信息等。6.根据空格前面“Oneday,Ijustbeganthinkingaboutmusicforeveryone”和空格下\n文““Heapprovedtheproposal”可知空格处是：所以我问校长是否可以在休息时间给同学们播放音乐。故选G项。7.根据空格后句“Everymorningwetellourschoolmatesabouttheweather,recentnews,andsomespecialmessagesthattheteacherswantustobroadcast.”可知，俱乐部每天早上都会给同学们播放天气、新闻和老师想要传达的信息等，故知俱乐部不仅仅只是播放音乐。选项A中的“morethanjustmusic”与之对应。故选A项。8.空格前句：考试期间，广播俱乐部会有一个特别的节目。根据空格后句“Forexample,weletstudentsknowhowtotakeadvantageofalltheresourcestoreview.”可知选E（提醒学生们为即将到来的考试做好准备），preparation对应review。故选E项。9.根据空格前句“whenparentscometovisittheschoolandtalktotheteachers,weoftenplaysongssungbystudents”可知，当家长们到校与老师交谈咨询孩子情况的时候，俱乐部通常会播放学生们自己唱的歌，and引导并列句，空格处表示俱乐部也会通知家长有关郊游和学校演出等活动。故选F项。10.根据空格后句“Ishallmisstheradioclubaftergraduation,butIknowthatitwillcontinuewithoutme.”可知，作者因为即将毕业离开播音工作室而感到不舍，故可知播音俱乐部改变了作者的学校生活。所选内容应是对短文的总结，说明其作用。故选D项。Passage3Ifyouliveinacitywhereeveryonerushes,youshouldrealizethatyoudon’thavetobelikeeveryoneelse.11Herearesometipstoconsiderandperhapstoadopt,iftheyworkforyourlife.Doless.Cutbackonyourprojects,onyourtasklist,onhowmuchyoutrytodoeachday.Focusnotonquantitybutonquality.Pick2or3importantthings—orevenjustoneimportantthing—andworkonthosefirst.1213Ifyou’reconstantlyrushingtoappointmentsorotherplacesyouhavetobe,it’sbecauseyoudon’tallot(分配)enoughtimeinyourscheduleforpreparingandfortraveling.Arrangeyourscheduletoallowtimeforthisstuff.Ifyouthinkitonlytakesyou10minutestogetreadyforworkoradate,perhapsgiveyourself30\nto45minutessoyoudon’thavetoshaveinarushorputonmakeupinthecar.Realizethatifitdoesn’tgetdone,that’sOk.14Iknowthat’safrustratingattitudeforsomeofyouwhodon’tlikelazinessorlivingwithoutfirmdeadlines,butit’salsoreality.Theworldlikelywon’tendifyoudon’tgetthattaskdonetoday.Yourbossmightgetmad,butthecompanywon’tcollapseandthelifewillgoon.Practicemindfulness(正念减压法).Simplylearntoliveinthepresent,ratherthanthinkingsomuchaboutthefutureorthepast.Whenyoueat,fullyappreciateyourfood.15Whenyou’rewalking,appreciateyoursurroundings,nomatterwhereyouare.A.Savesmaller,routinetasksforlaterintheday．B.Walkinsteadofdrivinginrushhourtraffic.C.Giveyourselftimetogetreadyandgetthere.D.Youcanbedifferent.E.Practicebeingcomfortablewithsitting,doingnothing.F.Thereisalwaystomorrow.G.Whenyou’rewithsomeone,bewiththemfully.【答案】11-15DACFG【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了怎样在匆忙的城市生活中，给自己减压。11.空格前句：如果你生活在一个每个人都行色匆匆的城市，你应该意识到你不必像其他人一样。选项D（你可以与众不同。）是对上文的概括总结。故选D项。12.空格前句：选择2到3件重要的事情——或者只是一件重要的事情——然后先做这些事情。选项A（把不怎么重要的日常工作留到当天晚些时候做。）承接上文，是对上文的补充说明。故选A项。13.根据文章结构，可知此处为文章小标题。纵观整个段落，尤其第二句“Arrangeyourscheduletoallowtimeforthisstuff.”可知本段中心是预留充足的时间完成某些事。选项C（给自己留些时间做好准备，从而使得到达目的地不显得匆忙。）符合题意。故选C项。14.本段小标题“Realizethatifitdoesn’tgetdone,that’sOk.”说明本段是说，不要过于紧张，有些事情（今天）不完成也没关系，还有明天！选项F（明天永远存在。）符合标题意义。空格下文“Theworldlikelywon’tendifyoudon’tgetthattaskdone\ntoday.”等内容，是对选项F的进一步说明，语义密切相关。故选F项。15.空格上文“Whenyoueat,fullyappreciateyourfood.”和空格下文“Whenyou’rewalking,appreciateyoursurroundings,nomatterwhereyouare.”都是说明要简简单单生活，要活在当下，不要瞻前顾后，选项G（当你和某人在一起的时候，要全心全意地和他们在一起。）和上下文是同类并列句型，语义逻辑一致。故选G项。Passage4Howtoprepareforanexamisabigquestionthatyoualwaysaskyourself.Herearesometipsthatmayhelpyou.●Neverfearorhateexamsandbeconfident.Somestudentsstudywellbutstillmaybemuchafraidofexamsandduetothisreason,theygetupsetandwon’tbeabletoscoremarks.16Youhavetobeconfidentanditisofgreathelpforyoutogainvictories.●Prepareagoodtimetable.Prepareatimetablebeforestartingthestudy.17Tough(难的)subjectscanbegivenmoretimeandeasieroneslessbutmostimportantlyyoushouldsparesometimeforentertainment(娱乐).●Selectaproperatmosphere(气氛)forstudying.Studyingatmosphereplaysaveryimportantrole.18Soselectaplacewhereyoufeelcomfortable.Thatiswhereyoufeelrelaxedandcanconcentrate.Andyouhavetomakesurethatwhileyouarestudyingasubjectyouareconcentratingonitonly.Keepthebooksofothersubjectsawayfromyoureyesightsothatyouwon’tbeupsetaboutthethingsyouhavetolearn.●Makenoteswhilestudying.Thisisaveryimportantpoint.Whilestudying,makesmallnotes.Thenotesshouldbebriefsothatyoucanrememberallpointswhiledoingrevision.19Itwon’ttakemuchtimetogothroughthisnote.●20Onthenightbeforeanexamyouhavetosleepwell,atleast6hoursandnotmorethan8hours.Rememberthiswillhaveagreateffectonyourexam.Andhaveyourfood\nasinyourdailydiet.A.Sleepwellandeatwell.B.Sotrytopresentanswersinpoints.C.Thisshouldincludeallthesubjects.D.CananyonestudywellwhilewatchingTV?E.Anidealnoteshallincludeallimportantpoints.F.Thiswillbeofgreatusetoyourcomingexams.G.Soleaveallyourfearsandfreeyourmindbeforestartingthestudy.【答案】16-20GCDEA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何备考，给读者提出了一些建议。16.由小标题“Neverfearorhateexamsandbeconfident.”和上一句“Somestudentsstudywellbutstillmaybemuchafraidofexamsandduetothisreason,theygetupsetandwon’tbeabletoscoremarks.”可知，G项中的So与上文构成因果关系，害怕考试会影响考试成绩，所以备考时不要害怕或讨厌考试，要抛开恐惧，承接上文，G选项（所以在开始学习之前，抛开所有的恐惧，解放你的思想。）切题。故选G项。17.空格前句：在开始学习前安排好一个时间表。空格后句：难的科目可以分配多一点时间，容易的科目可以少分配一些时间，但最重要的是你应该腾出一些时间来进行娱乐。说承接上下文，C选项（时间表中应该包括所有的科目。）切题。故选C项。18.空格前句：学习氛围起着非常重要的作用。空格后句：所以选择一个你觉得舒服的地方。承接上下文，D选项（谁能一边看电视一边好好学习呢？）切题。故选D项。19.由小标题“Makenoteswhilestudying.”和空格前文可知，复习时，有包含所有要点的简短笔记很重要，承接上文，E选项（一个好的笔记应该包括所有的要点。）切题。故选E项。20.空格处是小标题。由最后一段内容（考试前一天晚上，你必须保证睡眠充足，至少6小时，但不要超过8小时。记住这对你的考试有很大的影响。吃你日常饮食中的食物。）可知A选项（吃好睡好。）切题。故选A项。Passage5Everyyear,studentsacrosstheU.K.engageintheannualritual(仪式)oftellingcollegeanduniversityadmissionsofficerswhytheydeserveaseatattheschooloftheirchoice.However,thistaskisfilledwithanxietyandfear.21This,ofcourse,\nleadsmanytoaskthequestion:HowshouldIwriteanessayaboutmyselfforcollege?Herearetipstokeepinmind.22Forexample,ifallyourfriendsarewritingapplicationessaysaboutcovid-19,thatmaybeagoodreasonwhyyoushouldavoidit.Unless,ofcourse,you’vehadavivid,life-changingexperiencethatyouareburningtoshare.Admissionscounselorssaythatthebestessayshelpthemlearnsomethingaboutthecandidatethattheywouldneverknowfromreadingtherestoftheapplication.Keepyourindividualityinthespotlight.23Whatsetsyouapartfromothers?Tellyourextraordinarystorybutremembernottooversellyourself.Yourreaderwantstoseesomethingpersonalaboutyou,somethingthatmakesyoustandoutamongothers.Imaginehowmanyapplicationstheadmissionscommitteereadsperday,andthinktwicebeforewritingsomegeneralinformationthatdoesn’tshowyourindividuality.Committeesvalueauthenticity.Theywanttohearyourvoice.Thisessaymaygiveyouthetimeandspacetoexplainwhyaparticularachievementmeanstoomuchtoyou.Butresisttheurgetoexaggerate:admissioncounselorsreadthousandsofessayseachyear.24Soundlikeyourself.Don’tusewordsyouwouldn’tnormallyuse.Don’tusefancylanguageyouwouldn’tuseinreallife.Imagineyourselfreadingthisessayoutloudtoaclassroomfullofpeoplewhohavenevermetyou.25Beonthelookoutforwordsandphraseslike‘maybe’,‘sortof’,‘Ithink’oranythingelse.A.Theycanspotsomethingunreal.B.Thisruleworksinalltheaspectsofyourlife.C.Writingaboutoneselfcanbehighlystressful.D.Keepaconfidenttoneevenifyou’renotfeelingthatway.E.Remember,it’sallaboutyouratherthanafashionablesubject.F.Aninformativeandpowerfulessayfocusesonthereaders’needs.G.Expertsoftenrecommendlookingforsomethinguniqueofyourlifestory.【答案】21-25CEGAD【解析】这是一篇说明文。每年，全英国的学生都要参加一年一度的仪式，告诉各高校的招生顾问，他们为什么应该在自己选择的学校获得一席之地。为此，学生们要写一篇关于自己\n的文章，对此，作者给出了相关建议。21.根据空格上句（然而，这项任务充满了焦虑与害怕。）和空格后文（当然，这引发了许多人的疑问：我该如何写一篇关于我自己的大学文章？）可知空格处承上启下，因此C项内容（写出一篇关于自己的文章可能让人非常有压力。）符合题意，故选C。22.根据空格后句：例如，如果你所有的朋友都在写关于covid-19的文章，这可能是你应该避免它的一个很好的理由。再结合本段最后一句（招生顾问说，最好的文章能帮助他们了解一些关于候选人的东西，这些东西是他们在阅读申请表的其余材料时所无法了解到的。）可推知，最好是写关于自己的文章，不要选择流行的话题，尽量避免与他人一致，写一些关于自己的东西，因此E项内容（记得，写的文章要关于你自己而不是某个流行的话题。）符合段落大意，故选E。23.段落主题句是：Keepyourindividualityinthespotlight.（把你的个性放在聚光灯下。）空格后文：是什么让你与众不同？讲述你不平凡的故事，但记住不要过度推销自己。你的读者想看到一些关于你的个人信息，一些能让你脱颖而出的东西。因此G项（专家们经常建议找到你生活中独一无二的东西。)符合段落表达的主旨，unique对应下文的extraordinary和personal。故选G。24.空格前句：但请不要夸大其词，招生顾问每年要读数千篇文章。因此是说写的文章要真实，A项内容中代词They指代的是招生顾问，因此A项内容（他们可能会发现一些猫腻。）承接上句。故选A。25.根据本段第一句和最后一句（但要留意一些单词和短语，比如maybe、sortof、Ithink等等。），这些词语，短语都比较主观，给人一种不那么自信的感觉。因此D项（即使你没有这样的感觉，也要保持自信的语气。）符合题意。故选D。
