高考英语词性变化规律总结61、名词+ce后缀变形容词confidence→confident自信的difference→different不同的evidence证据→evident明显的independence→independent独立的intelligence智力→intelligent聪明的patience→patient有耐心的silence→silent沉默的violence→violent暴力的2、名词+ency后缀变形容词emergency→emergent紧急的fluency→fluent流利的；流畅的frequency频率→frequent频繁的efficiency→efficient有效率的tendency→tend趋向；趋势3、名词＋y后缀变形容词anger→angry生气的cloud→cloudy多云的dirt→dirty脏的dust→dusty布满尘土的ease→easy容易的；安易的fog→foggy有雾的frost→frosty结霜的；严寒的greed→greedy贪吃的；贪婪的guilt→guilty内疚的；有罪的health→healthy健康的hunger→hungry饥饿的ice→icy结冰的mess→messy杂乱的mist→misty有雾的noise→noisy吵闹的；嘈杂的salt→salty咸的sleep→sleepy困的snow→snowy有雪的storm→stormy暴风雨的sun→sunny晴朗的taste→tasty可口的；好吃的thirst→thirsty渴的；渴望的wealth→wealthy富有的wind→windy有风的4、名词＋ly后缀变形容词year→yearly每年的brother→brotherly兄弟般的day→daily每天的friend→friendly友好的month→monthly每月的quarter→quarterly每季的week→weekly每周的5、以t结尾的形容词变名词convenient→convenience方便；便利different→difference不同；差异important→importance重要(性)significant→significance重大意义intelligent→intelligence智力6、名词＋al后缀变形容词agriculture→agricultural农业的benefit→beneficial有益的commerce→commercial商业的convention→conventional传统的culture→cultural文化的environment→environmental环境的face→facial表面的music→musical音乐的nation→national国家的nature→natural自然的；天然的office→official官方的origin→original原来的profession→professional专业的season→seasonal季节的；季节性的society→social社会的tradition→traditional传统的7、名词/动词＋ous后辍变形容词adventure→adventurous冒险的continue→continuous连续的danger→dangerous危险的humour→humorous幽默的mountain→mountainous多山的poison→poisonous有毒的8、动词+er后缀指物的名词小结cooker炊具counter柜台drawer抽屉receiver听筒；话筒speaker扬声器typewriter打字机9、以～ician后缀的名词electriciann．电工magiciann．魔术师6\nmusiciann．音乐家physiciann．内科医生politiciann．政治家techniciann．技术员10、以～ist为后缀的名词art→artist艺术家biology→biologist生物学家journal→journalist新闻工作者；记者physics→physicist物理学家piano→pianist钢琴家psychology→psychologist心理学家science→scientist科学家social→socialist社会主义者special→specialist专家tour→tourist游客11、以～ology后缀结尾的名词archaeology考古学biology生物学ecology生态学geology地质学psychology心理学sociology社会学technology技术；工艺12、名词＋～ic后缀形容词drama→dramatic戏剧(性)的energy→energetic精力充沛的enthusiasm→enthusiastic热情的romance→romantic浪漫的science→scientific科学的sympathy→sympathetic同情的13、名词＋～hood后缀变名词adult→adulthood成年boy→boyhood少年时代brother→brotherhood手足之情child→childhood童年man→manhood男子气概neighbour→neighbourhood邻里；街坊14、以～ship后缀的名词championship冠头军衔friendship友谊hardship困苦；苦难leadership领导地位；领导才能membership成员资格relationship关系scholarship奖学金15、动词＋～y后缀变名词deliver→delivery运送discover→discovery发现recover→recovery康复；恢复16、动词＋～ing后缀变名词begin→beginning开始；开端build→building建筑(物)cross→crossing十字路口end→ending结局；结尾engine→engineering工程feel→feeling感觉hear→hearing听力market→marketing促销meet→meeting会议paint→painting绘画；油画spend→spending花销suffer→suffering苦难train→training训练；培养17、动词＋～ment后缀变名词acquire→acquirementn.取得accomplish→accomplishment成就achieve→achievement成就adjust→adjustment调整；调节amuse→amusement愉快；快乐；消遣announce→announcement宣告；述说appoint→appointment约会；预约；任命argue→argument争论arrange→arrangement安排assess→assessment评估assign→assignment分配；任务astonish→astonishment惊讶develop→development发展disappoint→disappointment失望embarrass→embarrassment尴尬employ→employment雇用enjoy→enjoyment享受；欢乐entertain→entertainment款待；娱乐equip→equipment设备establish→establishment建立govern→government统治；政府improve→improvement提高judge→judgement判断move→movement运动；移动punish→punishment惩罚settle→settlement定居；解决state→statement陈述；说明18、以～ive后缀变形容词act→active积极的attract→attractive吸引人的cooperate→cooperative合作的impress→impressive给人印象深刻的6\nprotect→protective保护的relate→relative相关的sense→sensitive敏感的negative消极的objective客观的passive被动的positive积极的subjective主观的19、动词＋～able后缀变形容词accept→acceptable可接受的adjust→adjustable可调节的admire→admirable令人钦佩的afford→affordable负担得起的change→changeable易变的comfort→comfortable舒服的consider→considerable重要的；相当大的desire→desirable值得做的；可取的enjoy→enjoyable令人愉快的favour→favourable赞成的；有利的forget→forgettable健忘的honour→honourable可敬的；光荣的reach→reachable可获得的；可达到的reason→reasonable合理的rely→reliable可靠的；可信赖的remark→remarkable不平凡的suit→suitable合适的understand→understandable可理解的value→valuable宝贵的20、动词＋～ed变形容词absorb→absorbed专心的；聚精会神的accustom→accustomed习惯的balance→balanced平衡的bury→buried专心的complicate→complicated复杂的determine→determined坚定的；有决心的devote→devoted忠实的experience→experienced有经验的learn→learned博学的limit→limited有限的organize→organized有组织的suppose→supposed应该的relate→related相关的skill→skilled熟练的unit→united联合的；统一的21、动词＋～ing/＋～ed变形容词amuse→amusing好笑的；有趣的→amused愉快的astonish→astonishing令人惊讶的→astonished感到惊讶的bore→bored厌烦的→boring令人厌烦的confuse→confusing令人迷惑的→confused感到迷惑的convince→convincing令人信服的→convinced坚信不移的depress→depressing令人沮丧的→depressed沮丧的disappoint→disappointed失望的→disappointing令人失望的disturb→disturbing令人不安的；引起烦恼的→disturbed扰乱的；精神失常的embarrass→embarrassing令人尴尬的→embarrassed尴尬的excite→excited兴奋的→exciting令人兴奋的frighten→frightened害怕的→frightening令人害怕的relax→relaxing使人放松的→relaxed轻松的satisfy→satisfying令人满意的→satisfied对……满意的shock→shocked震惊的→shocking令人震惊的surprise→surprised吃惊的→surprising令人吃惊的tire→tired疲劳的→tiring令人疲劳的22、动词＋～tion后缀变名词accelerate→acceleration加速accumulate→accumulation积累adapt→adaptation适应；改编addict→addiction沉溺；嗜好admire→admiration羡慕advocate→advocation拥护apply→application申请appreciate→appreciation感激；欣赏assume→assumption假定；设想celebrate→celebration庆祝classify→classification分类；归类combine→combination联合congratulate→congratulation祝贺construct→construction建筑物consume→consumption消费contradict→contradiction反驳contribute→contribution贡献cooperate→cooperation合作correct→correction改正；纠正create→creation创造；创建6\ndeclare→declaration宣言；公告decorate→decoration装饰decorate→decoration装饰determine→determination决心digest→digestion消化elect→election竞选；选举erupt→eruption火山爆发evaluate→evaluation评估exhibit→exhibition展览；展览会expect→expectation期望；期待fascinate→fascination魅力；入迷graduate→graduation毕业hesitate→hesitation犹豫；踌躇imagine→imagination想象immigrate→immigration迁移；移居indicate→indication指示；暗示infect→infection传染interrupt→interruption中断object→objection反对occupy→occupation占领；占据organize→organization组织pollute→pollution污染predict→prediction预言prepare→preparation准备protect→protection保护recommend→recommendation推荐；介绍reflect→reflection思考；反映regulate→regulation规则；规章reject→rejection拒绝；抛弃relax→relaxation放松atisfy→satisfaction满意；满足starve→starvation挨饿；饿死substitute→substitution代替；取代translate→translation翻译transport→transportation交通23、动词＋～ure后缀变名词press→pressure压力please→pleasure乐事；快乐expose→exposure暴露；揭发fail→failure失败mix→mixture混合物24、动词＋～sion后缀变名词admit→admission容许；承认permit→permission允许impress→impression印象express→expression表情；表达revise→revision复习possess→possession拥有conclude→conclusion结论confuse→confusion困惑；混淆decide→decision决定25、动词/形容词＋～ance后缀变名词guide→guidance指导tolerate→tolerance宽容ignore→ignorance无知；愚昧appear→appearance出现important→importance重要(性)elegant→elegance优雅大方assist→assistance援助resist→resistance抵抗guide→guidance指导annoy→annoyance恼怒26、形容词＋～ity后缀变名词electric→electricity电；电流；电学equal→equality平等major→majority大多数popular→popularity受欢迎；流行real→reality现实secure→security安全similar→similarity相似点27、以后缀~ity结尾的名词cruel—cruelty残忍diverise—diversity多样性necessary—necessity必需品；需要possible—possibility可能性secure—security安全similar—similarity相似(性)28、形容词＋～en后缀变动词bright→brighten使愉快；使明亮broad→broaden加宽；拓宽dark→darken使变暗deep→deepen加深；使变深fright→frighten(使)惊吓hard→harden使变硬light→lighten使变轻long→lengthen加长loose→loosen(使)变松；放松；松开quick→quicken加快ripe→ripen变成熟；使成熟sharp→sharpen磨快；使锋利short→shorten变短；缩短soft→soften使变软strong→strengthen加强weak→weaken使变弱wide→widen加宽；拓宽6\n29、形容词＋～th变名词deep→depth深；深处grow→growth成长long→length长；长度strong→strength力量true→truth真理warm→warmth温暖wide→width宽度30、形容词＋～ness后缀变名词aware→awareness意识careless→carelessness粗心大意conscious→consciousness知觉dark→darkness黑暗eager→eagerness渴望happy→happiness幸福；高兴kind→kindness仁慈；好意lonely→loneliness孤独rude→rudeness粗鲁sad→sadness悲哀；悲伤sick→sickness疾病weak→weakness弱点；虚弱willing→willingness愿意31、以～ious结尾的形容词ambitious有雄心的；野心勃勃的cautious小心的；谨慎的conscious有意识的envious忌妒的；猜忌的mysterious神秘的religious宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的32、以～ical结尾的形容词economical经济的；节约的electrical与电有关的historical与历史有关的logical逻辑的magical神奇的；像变魔术似的musical音乐的；悦耳的political政治的33、形容词＋～ly后缀变副词fluent→fluently流利地frequent→frequently频繁地；经常地actual→actually实际上entire→entirely完全；全部地gradual→gradually逐渐地fortunate→fortunately幸运地final→finally最后extreme→extremely极其34、动词＋前缀dis变否定词agree→disagree不同意appear→disappear消失appoint→disappoint使失望approve→disapprove反对；不赞成comfort→discomfort使不舒适cover→discover发现like→dislike不喜欢35、形容词＋in前缀变否定词accurate→inaccurate不精确的adequate→inadequate不充分的appropriate→inappropriate不合适的expensive→inexpensive不贵的；便宜的experienced→inexperienced经验不足的36、形容词＋im前缀变否定词patient→impatient不耐心的polite→impolite没礼貌的possible→impossible不可能的practical→impractical不实用的proper→improper不合适的37、形容词＋un前缀变否定词able→unable不能的aware→unaware不知道的believable→unbelievable不可相信的certain→uncertain不确定的clear→unclear不清楚的comfortable→uncomfortable不舒服的common→uncommon不常有的conscious→unconscious失去知觉的fair→unfair不公平的forgettable→unforgettable难忘的fortunate→unfortunate不幸的fit→unfit不合适的friendly→unfriendly不友好的happy→unhappy不高兴的；不幸福的known→unknown无名的likely→unlikely不可能的lucky→unlucky不幸的necessary→unnecessary不必要的pleasant→unpleasant不愉快的unfortunate不幸的unimportant不重要的usual→unusual不寻常的willing→unwilling不情愿的38、后缀～less构成的形容词aim→aimless无目的的care→careless粗心大意的count→countless无数的doubt→doubtless无疑的end→endless无尽的6\nharm→harmless无害的help→helpless无助的home→homeless无家可归的hope→hopeless无希望的job→jobless失业的limit→limitless无限的rest→restless不安的use→useless无用的39、含mis前缀的动词mistake误会misunderstand误解misuse误用；滥用mislead误导mistrust不信任40、使动用法“前缀en＋形容词/名词”变动词rich→enrich使充实able→enable使能够large→enlarge使扩大sure→ensure确保；担保danger→endanger使……遭遇危险title→entitle给……起题目/命名courage→encourage鼓励41、含fore前缀的单词forecastvt.预报；预测foreseevt.预见；预料；预知forewordn.前言foreheadn.额头forearmn.前臂foreheadn.额头forearmn.前臂forecastvt.预报foreseevt.预见；预知forewordn.前言foretellv.预言；预示42、～ward后缀方位词southward向南northward向北eastward向东westward向西upward向上backward向后43、以后缀～ify结尾的动词simple→simplify简化beauty→beautify美化pure→purify净化identity→identify鉴定；识别出class→classify分类44、动词＋re前缀变动词cycle→recycle再利用；回收利用use→reuse重新使用build→rebuild重建write→rewrite重写tell→retell复述45、注意男女不同steward乘务员；服务员stewardess女乘务员waiter男服务员waitress女服务员actor男演员actress女演员host男主人hostess女主人46、现在分词/过去分词用作介词或连词小结assume→assuming假设；假定include→including包含；包括suppose→supposing假设；假如provide→provided/providing假设；如果consider→considering鉴于；考虑到concern→concerning关于give→given鉴于；考虑到66
