高中英语经典阅读专项练习练班级考号姓名总分（保护动物主题）（一）WhencloudsofradiationbeganstreamingintotheairaroundtheFukushimanuclearplant,160,000residentsweretoldtosimplycutandrun.However,itseemsonly159,998residentslisteneD.Theothertwo—NaotoMatsumuraandSakaeKato—remaineD.Thetwomenwouldgiveupeverythingratherthanletotherbeingsstarve.Livingwithinthe12.5-mileexclusionzonearoundthedamagedreactor,thetwomen,unrelatedtooneanother,bothlivealonewhiletakingcareofdozensofanimalsthatwereleftbehindwhentheevacuationorderwasgiven.ReportsfromReutersandDWstatethat57-year-oldKatohas41catswholivewithhiminhishomeinthemountains—alongwithadogheadoptednamedPochi.Katosayshewillstaywithhiscatsandensuretheyarecomfortableallthroughtheirlives.Matsumuraleftthecityatfirst,butreturnedshortlyafterforhisownanimals.Oncereturned,thenow55-year-oldrealizedthateveryoneelse'spetsandlivestockwerestillthere,sohebegantakingcareofabroadcommunityofanimalsincludingpigs,cats,dogs,ponies,ostriches,andcows.GNNreportedthathewentbackinsidetheexclusionzoneandrealizedlocalpetdogshadnoteateninseveraldays.Afteritbecameclearthatno-onewascomingbacktotheneighborhood,hewentaroundunchainingdogsfromtrees,lettingcowsoutoftheirbarns,andfeedinganythinginneed,earninghimthenicknamethe“GuardianofFukushima'sAnimals”.EverythingbothKatoandMatsumuraaredoingisrisky.ThoughproudofwhatKatoandMatsumurahavedone,theirfriendsandfamilieshopethattheycanleavethedangerousarea.Yettheyseemtobedeterminedinwhattheyaredoingandbothplantostaytherewiththeiranimals,comewhatmay.1.Whatdoesthephrase“otherbeings”inparagraph1probablyreferto?A.Animals.B.People.C.Plants.D.Residents.2.WhatkindofpersonisSakaeKato?A.Curious.B.Caring.C.Ambitious.D.Lonely.3.WhatdoweknowaboutNaotoMatsumura?A.Heis57yearsolD.B.HeknowsKatoverywell.C.Hehasdozensofanimalstolookafter.D.Helives12.5milesfromtheexclusionzone.4.Whatcanweinferaboutthetwomenfromthetext?A.Theywillfollowtheadviceoftheirfamilies.5\nB.Theywillcallonmorepeopletoprotectanimals.C.Theystayinthemountainstoenjoyloneliness.D.Theyhavenoregardfortheirownsafety.（二）Throughouthistory,manyspeciesofanimalshavebeenthreatenedwithextinction.WhenEuropeansfirstarrivedinNorthAmerica,morethan60millionbuffalo(水牛)livedonthecontinent.Yethuntingthebuffalowassopopularduringthe19thcenturythatby1900theanimal’spopulationhadfallentoabout400beforethegovernmentsteppedintoprotectthespecies.Insomecountriestoday,theelephantfacesasimilarchallenge,asillegalhunterskilltheanimalsfortheivoryintheirtusks.Yetnotallanimalswithcommercialvaluefacethisthreat(威胁).Thecow,forexample,isavaluablesourceoffood,butnooneworriesthatthecowwillsoonbeextinct.Whydoesthecommercialvalueofivorythreatentheelephant.whilethecommercialvalueofbeefprotectsthecow?Thereasonisthatelephantsareacommonresource,whilecowsareprivategoods.Elephantswanderfreelywithoutanyowners.ThehunterhasastrongmotivationtokillasmanyelephantsashecanfinD.Becauseillegalhuntersarenumerous,eachhasonlyaslightmotivationtopreservetheelephantpopulation.Bycontrast,cattleliveonfarmsthatareprivatelyowneD.Eachfarmermakesgreatefforttomaintainthecattlepopulationonhisfarmbecauseheharveststhebenefitoftheseefforts.Governmentshavetriedtosolvetheelephant’sproblemintwoways.Somecountries,suchasKenyaandUganda,havemadeitillegaltokillelephantsandselltheirivory.Yettheselawshavebeenhardtoputintoeffect,andelephantpopulationshavecontinuedtodwindle.Bycontrast,othercountries,suchasMalawiandNamibia,havemadeelephantsprivategoodsandallowedpeopletokillelephants,butonlythoseontheirownproperty.Withprivateownershipandtheprofitmotivenowonitsside,theAfricanelephantmightsomedaybeassafefromextinctionasthecow.TheancientGreekphilosopherAristotlepointedouttheproblemwithcommonresources:“Whatiscommontomanyistakenleastcareof,forallmenhavegreaterregardforwhatistheirownthanforwhattheypossessincommonwithothers.”5.Whydoestheauthormentionbuffaloinparagraph1?A.Tointroduceasimilarthreattoelephants.B.Toprovideanexampleofspeciesextinction.C.Toofferanexplanationforgovernmentpolicies.D.TopresentthestatisticsofthebuffaloinAmerica.6.Whydoelephantsfacethreatswhilecowsaresafe?A.TheyareunderdifferentlawprotectionB.TheyattractdifferentgroupsofhuntersC.TheycontaindifferentcommercialvalueD.Theyrepresentdifferentownershiptypes7.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.BansonkillingelephantsforivoryB.Effectivelawsforelephantprotection.C.MethodsofmakingelephantsprivategoodsD.Governmentpoliciesontheelephant’sproblem8.WhatcanwelearnfromAristotle’swords?A.Peopleholdlittleregardforothers’property5\nB.PeoplewanttoprofitfromcommonresourcesC.PeoplecaremoreabouttheirownpossessionD.Peopletendtotakewhattheyownforgranted（三）HristoHristovhasbeenworkingwithwildlifeinBulgaria'sremoteRhodopeMountainsforover30years.Hefirstcamehereasabright-eyedstudentintheearly1990s,eagertoincreasethenumberofgriffonvulture(欧亚尤雪).Atthetime,therewerefewerthan20birdsleft.FastforwardtoNovember2020,thereweremoregriffonvultures.Atthelastcount,arecord245nowliveintheRhodopeMountains.Asarewildingofficer,Hristoisresponsibleforthewelfareoftheanimalsinhisarea,whichmeansconstantobservation,andlengthyperiodsoutinthewildconductingresearch."Thisprocessissometimeslong—youhavetolivetogetherwiththeanimals,"heexplains."Forgeteverything;youliveinnature.Itdoesn'tmatterifthey'rehorses,wildcattleorEuropeanbison(野牛)."Thissmallcornerofsouth-easternEuropeisoneofthecontinent'smostecologicallydiverseareas.Largeanimals,suchaswolves,brownbears,deer,andwildhorses,coexisthere.It'salsoapeacefulplaceforbirdlife,with300speciesrecordeD.Theultimategoalistocreateahabitatwheremultipledifferentspeciesdependononeanother.Hristo'scurrentchallengeistocontinuethereintroductionofEuropeanbisontothewilD.Since2013,HristohasworkedwithRewildingEurope,anot-for-profitorganisationwhichoperatesacrossEurope,tobringbisonbacktotheRhodopeMountains.In2019,severalbisonwerereleasedintothewild,andthreebabybisonhavealreadybeenborn,twoofthosecomingin2020.Attheendoflastyear,anothertwofemalesweredonatedtotheprojectfromzoosinHungaryandSlovakia.Whenthenewanimalsareeventuallyreleasedintothewild,theywillnumber13.9.Whatcanbelearnedaboutgriffonvultures?A.Theyarenowindangerofdyingout.B.Theymayliveaslongasover30years.C.TheycanbeseenintheRhodopeMountains.D.Theywerefirstdiscoveredintheearly1990s.10.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHristo?A.Proudbutcaring.B.Silentbutgenerous.C.Honestandcreative.D.Devotedandpatient.11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?A.Developthethemewithexamples.B.Addsomebackgroundinformation.C.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.12.WhatcanweexpectofEuropeanbison'spopulationinthefuture?A.Itwillbehardtoassess.B.Itwillstarttoexplode.C.Itwillshowpromise.D.Itwillbesomethingtoworryabout.5\n附：参考答案（一）【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。两个当地居民甘愿留在福岛核泄漏的禁区里照料被遗弃的动物，虽然家人们不赞同这样做，但他们决定无论如何也要跟这些动物待在一起。1.词义猜测题。根据第二段“Livingwithinthe12.5-mileexclusionzonearoundthedamagedreactor,thetwomen,unrelatedtooneanother,bothlivealonewhiletakingcareofdozensofanimalsthatwereleftbehindwhentheevacuationorderwasgiven.(这两人住在受损反应堆周围12.5英里（约合1.6公里）的禁区内，彼此毫无关系，两人都独自生活，同时照顾数十只动物，这些动物是在疏散命令下达后被留在那里的)”可知，这两个人照顾留在核污染区的猫和狗。所以画线部分指代的是动物。故选A。2.推理判断题。根据第二段“Livingwithinthe12.5-mileexclusionzonearoundthedamagedreactor,thetwomen,unrelatedtooneanother,bothlivealonewhiletakingcareofdozensofanimalsthatwereleftbehindwhentheevacuationorderwasgiven.(这两人住在受损反应堆周围12.5英里（约合1.6公里）的禁区内，彼此毫无关系，两人都独自生活，同时照顾数十只动物，这些动物是在疏散命令下达后被留在那里的)”以及第三段“ReportsfromReutersandDWstatethat57-year-oldKatohas41catswholivewithhiminhishomeinthemountains—alongwithadogheadoptednamedPochi.Katosayshewillstaywithhiscatsandensuretheyarecomfortableallthroughtheirlives.(来自路透社和DW的报道称，57岁的Kato有41只猫和他一起生活在他山区的家中，还有一只他收养的名叫波奇的狗。Kato说，他将和他的猫呆在一起，确保它们一生都过得舒适)”可知，Kato不仅照顾自己的猫，还照顾领养的狗并确保他们一生都过得舒适，说明他是一个有爱心的人。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据第二段“Livingwithinthe12.5-mileexclusionzonearoundthedamagedreactor,thetwomen,unrelatedtooneanother,bothlivealonewhiletakingcareofdozensofanimalsthatwereleftbehindwhentheevacuationorderwasgiven.(这两人住在受损反应堆周围12.5英里（约合1.6公里）的禁区内，彼此毫无关系，两人都独自生活，同时照顾数十只动物，这些动物是在疏散命令下达后被留在那里的)”和第四段“Matsumuraleftthecityatfirst,butreturnedshortlyafterforhisownanimals.Oncereturned,thenow55-year-oldrealizedthateveryoneelse'spetsandlivestockwerestillthere,sohebegantakingcareofabroadcommunityofanimalsincludingpigs,cats,dogs,ponies,ostriches,andcows.(Matsumura一开始离开了这座城市，但不久就回来养自己的动物。一旦回来，现年55岁的他意识到其他人的宠物和牲畜还在那里，所以他开始照顾一个广泛的动物社区，包括猪、猫、狗、小马、鸵鸟和牛)”可知，NaotoMatsumura照顾着几十只猫、狗等动物。故选C。4.推理判断题。根据第二段“Livingwithinthe12.5-mileexclusionzonearoundthedamagedreactor,thetwomen,unrelatedtooneanother,bothlivealonewhiletakingcareofdozensofanimalsthatwereleftbehindwhentheevacuationorderwasgiven.(这两人住在受损反应堆周围12.5英里（约合1.6公里）的禁区内，彼此毫无关系，两人都独自生活，同时照顾数十只动物，这些动物是在疏散命令下达后被留在那里的)”以及最后一段中“EverythingbothKatoandMatsumuraaredoingisrisky.(Kato和Matsumura所做的一切都是有风险的)”可知，辐射区对人是有危害的，但这两个人依然待在里面照顾各种动物，尽管危险，并且家人和朋友希望他们离开，但他们依然不顾自身安危决定留下来。故选D。（二）【答案】5.A6.D7.D8.C【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章通过谈论作为公共资源的大象濒临灭绝，而作为私有财产的饲养牛却能安全生存，说明了人们对私有财产比公共资源更加关心的现象。5.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yethuntingthebuffalowassopopularduringthe19thcenturythatby1900theanimal’spopulationhadfallentoabout400beforethegovernmentsteppedintoprotectthespecies.Insomecountriestoday,theelephantfacesasimilarchallenge,asillegalhunterskilltheanimalsfortheivoryintheirtusks.5\n(然而，狩猎水牛在19世纪是如此流行，以至于到了1900年，野牛的数量已经下降到大约400只，直到政府介入保护这个物种。今天在一些国家，大象也面临着类似的挑战，因为非法捕猎者为了获取象牙而捕杀这种动物。)”可知，作者之所以提到水牛，是为了介绍大象所面临的类似威胁。故选A项。6.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thereasonisthatelephantsareacommonresource,whilecowsareprivategoods.(原因是大象是一种公共资源，而牛是私人物品。)”和“Elephantswanderfreelywithoutanyowners.ThehunterhasastrongmotivationtokillasmanyelephantsashecanfinD.(大象在没有主人的情况下自由走动。猎人有强烈的动机去杀死尽可能多的大象。)”及“Bycontrast,cattleliveonfarmsthatareprivatelyowneD.Eachfarmermakesgreatefforttomaintainthecattlepopulationonhisfarmbecauseheharveststhebenefitoftheseefforts.(相比之下，牛生活在私人拥有的农场上。每个农场主都在努力维持农场的牲畜数量，因为他们收获了这些努力的成果。)”可知，之所以大象面临威胁，而奶牛是安全的，是因为它们各自代表着不同的所有权类型。故选D项。7.主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Governmentshavetriedtosolvetheelephant’sproblemintwoways.Somecountries,suchasKenyaandUganda,havemadeitillegaltokillelephantsandselltheirivory.(各国政府试图通过两种方式来解决大象的问题。一些国家，如肯尼亚和乌干达，已经将猎杀大象和出售象牙定为非法行为。)”以及“Bycontrast,othercountries,suchasMalawiandNamibia,havemadeelephantsprivategoodsandallowedpeopletokillelephants,butonlythoseontheirownproperty.(相比之下，其他国家，如马拉维和纳米比亚，则把大象当作私人物品，允许人们猎杀大象，但仅限于在他们自己的领地上。)”可知，第四段通过举例说明各国政府对大象的政策。故选D项。8.推理判断题。根据最后一段中Aristotle所说“Whatiscommontomanyistakenleastcareof,forallmenhavegreaterregardforwhatistheirownthanforwhattheypossessincommonwithothers.(对大多数人来说共同的东西最不被重视，因为所有人都更关心自己的东西，而不是他们与他人共同拥有的东西。)”可以推知，人们更关心自己的财产。故选C项。（三）【答案】9.C10.D11.B12.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了HristoHristov一直在研究野生动物，目前在努力继续将欧洲野牛放归野外。9.细节理解题。根据第一段“Atthelastcount,arecord245nowliveintheRhodopeMountains.(在最近的统计中，记录在案的245只欧亚尤雪现在生活在罗多普山脉)”可知，在罗多普山脉可以看到欧亚尤雪。故选C项。10.推理判断题。根据第一段“HristoHristovhasbeenworkingwithwildlifeinBulgaria'sremoteRhodopeMountainsforover30years.(HristoHristov30多年来一直在保加利亚偏远的罗多普山脉研究野生动物)”以及第二段“Asarewildingofficer,Hristoisresponsibleforthewelfareoftheanimalsinhisarea,whichmeansconstantobservation,andlengthyperiodsoutinthewildconductingresearch.(作为一名复卷官员，赫里斯托负责他所在地区动物的福利，这意味着要经常观察，并在野外进行长时间的研究)”可知，HristoHristov花费30多年的时间研究野生动物，并且要经常观察，所以推测HristoHristov献身于野生动物研究，是有耐心的。故选D项。11.推理判断题。文章前两段讲述了HristoHristov渴望增加欧亚尤雪的数量并愿意在野外进行长时间的研究，第三段介绍了东南欧的这一区域中，有许多不同物种共同生存，最后一段讲述HristoHristov目前面临的挑战是继续将欧洲野牛放归野外。由此推知，作者在第三段中添加了一些背景信息，为最后一段讲述HristoHristov努力将欧洲野牛放归野外设置背景。故选B项。12.推理判断题。根据第四段“In2019,severalbisonwerereleasedintothewild,andthreebabybisonhavealreadybeenborn,twoofthosecomingin2020.Attheendoflastyear,anothertwofemalesweredonatedtotheprojectfromzoosinHungaryandSlovakia.Whenthenewanimalsareeventuallyreleasedintothewild,theywillnumber13.(2019年，几头野牛被放归野外，三头小野牛已经出生，其中两头于2020年出生。去年年底，匈牙利和斯洛伐克的动物园向该项目捐赠了另外两头雌性野牛。当这些新动物最终被放归野外时，它们的数量将达到13只)”可知，欧洲野牛的数量是逐渐增加的，显示出希望。故选C项。5
