解密完形填空,LearningobjectivesAftertheclass,thestudentscan：1.learnabouttheprinciplesoftheclozetest；2.graspthestepsofdoingtheclozetest.,01题型分析02完形填空做题步骤03真题演练,题型分析第一章节,1、近三年完形填空文章的体裁与题材及命题特点试卷体裁题材文章长度命题特点2020全国Ⅰ夹叙夹议不要对孩子说谎2661.选材以记叙和夹叙夹议文为主,偶尔涉及说明文。2.从题材上看,内容新颖、时尚,体现核心素养,突出“励志性、教育性和启发性”,反映正确的价值导向,彰显正能量。全国Ⅱ记叙文主人公无意中购得两幅名家油画真迹258全国Ⅲ记叙文应对难对付的顾客2432019全国Ⅰ夹叙夹议保护乞力马扎罗山255全国Ⅱ记叙文帮人找回宠物狗281全国Ⅲ说明文科技改变生活2532018全国Ⅰ记叙文大学时学习国际象棋的感悟270全国Ⅱ记叙文救人碰巧营救了自己的儿子266全国Ⅲ记叙文一条错发的短信引发的善与美的故事260,2、完形填空考查什么？完形填空主要考查考生在具体语境中运用词汇知识的能力，考查考生是否能在掌握、理解文章主旨大意和段间、句内及句间联系的基础上，准确判断和选择符合特定上下文语义和用法的动词、名词、形容词和副词等。,1354patterncolor2ACEDBWorkoutthepuzzleTheclozetestisamorecomplexpuzzle.,为什么选中这20个单词或短语？,3、完形填空的命制原理是什么？格式塔原理：人类对客观事物的把握呈现整体感觉特征，而非杂乱无章，任何经过认知系统组织后的视觉、图像和轮廓都并非独立成像，而是依附于不可分割的整体，但部分简单相加又不同于整体，而是反过来由整体统帅部分，尤其对于语篇阅读而言，任何语段的理解与解释都不能背离语篇所营造的整体环境。,点击添加标题文字Loremipsumdolorsitamet,consecteturadipiscingelit语篇WhatHowWhy语篇的主题和内容语篇的主题和内容作者的意图、情感态度或价值取向语篇的文体特征、内容结构和语言特点,年份试卷设空方式命题特点联系上文联系下文通览全篇2020全国Ⅰ7761.联系上文和下文设空的题目占了约70%,结合语篇设空的题目占了约30%。2.全国卷以实词考查为主,介词和连词等虚词考查少;选项形式也有不一致的情况。3.单纯考查词汇搭配、语法知识和文化背景的题目少,必须结合语境进行推断和分析。全国Ⅱ587全国Ⅲ8572019全国Ⅰ893全国Ⅱ7112全国Ⅲ81022018全国Ⅰ1082全国Ⅱ1172全国Ⅲ983,4、完形填空的基本解题思路：1、先对文章进行整体把握和理解--->文章的主旨、脉络结构等。2、结合上下文语境：利用已知信息去破解未知信息,完形填空解题步骤第二章节,Step1、独上高楼，望尽天涯路---探主旨明脉络主旨：RobbiePruittofferedtofixdamagedbikesforfreeandevendonatedrepairedbikestopeopleinneed.文章脉络：thetheftofhisbike---goingbikeshopping---hischangeofemotions---hisdecisiontofixbikesforpeople---teachingchildrenpracticalskills---people'spraiseNarrationwho,what,why,when,where,how,Step2、为伊消得人憔悴---上下求索句内层次题句间层次题语篇层次题1、语境1）句内信息提示；2）上下句间信息提示；3）上下段落信息提示。2、句间逻辑转折、递进、因果、让步、举例、对照3、信息复现原词、同义词、反义词，同根词，上下义词复现,2021年天津卷Formostpeople,havingthingsstolenfeelslikeanoffence.RobbiePruittadmittedthathegot16whenhediscoveredthetheftofhismountainbikelastSeptember.Butsoonenough,his17tookaturn.Afterlettinggoofhisangerandfrustration,hefoundhimselfonaroadtosympathy18.16.A.amazedB.madC.curiousD.frightened17.A.emotionsB.careerC.opinionsD.route18.A.everB.togetherC.insteadD.yetoffence16.mad:veryangryanger同义词复现emotion:afeelingsuchashappiness,love,fear,angerorhatredmad,anger,frustration上下义词复现对比：逻辑,ForPruitt,akeenbicyclist,thefirstthingtodowas19hisstolenbike.Butwhenhewentbikeshopping,hefoundfewavailable,whichgothimthinking:Whatifthe20ofbikeswasCovid-19related,andwhatifthepersonwho'dtakenhisbikereallyneeded21togettowork?19.A.rideB.lockC.repairD.replace20.A.lackB.varietyC.increaseD.quality21.A.instructionB.qualificationC.transportationD.permissionreplace：ifyoureplacesomethingthathasbeenbroken,stolenetc,yougetanewone.更换（已损坏、被盗的东西）akeenbicyclistfewavailablelacktransportationgettowork同义重现,Withthatthoughtinmind,Pruitt22aplanandposteditonthecommunitywebsite.He23tofixbikesfreeofchargeforanyonewhoneededit.Healsoaskedforunwantedbikes,whichhewouldrepair—again24.Andthenhewoulddonatethemtofolkswhocouldtrulyusethembutdidn'thavethe25tobuyone.22.A.cameupwithB.stucktoC.gaveupD.brokeawayfrom23.A.rememberedB.refusedC.hesitatedD.offered24.A.byaccidentB.inadvanceC.forfreeD.oncredit25.A.profitB.budgetC.courageD.excusewiththatthoughtinmindcameupwithaplanofferedtofixbikesfreeofchargeagainforfreehavethebudgettobuyone,Thedaythepostwentlive,Pruittreceivedthirty26bicycles.Thencamemorethan50027fordetailedinformation.Bytheendof2020,Pruitthadrepairedmorethan140fordonationortobe28totheirowners.26.A.sharedB.usedC.expensiveD.modern27.A.enquiriesB.advertisementsC.noticesD.announcements28.A.exportedB.soldC.lentD.returnedunwantedbikesusedbicyclesfordetailedinformationenquiriesenquiry:arequestforinformationaboutsb/sth;询问；打听theirownersreturned同义词重现,Pruitttriestogivehisdonationstofamiliesthatare29struggling.30simplysatisfyingamaterialneed,hehasprovidedanopportunityforkidsinhisneighborhoodtolearnhowtofixtheirownbikes.29.A.hardlyB.slightlyC.trulyD.instantly30.A.WithoutB.BeyondC.UponD.Among逻辑：beyond:morethansth除了---之外,Inadditionto31skills,Pruitt'slessonsteachteamwork,encourageself-worth,andpromotefeelingsofcommunity.32thekidshavegainedasenseofaccomplishment.“It'sareallygreat33forkids,”saidaneighborinaninterviewwiththelocalnewspaper.“Pruittiscertainlyprovidinga34，butit'snotjustthebikes.It'stherelationshipsinthecommunity.It'sthe35hecanmakeonpeople”31.A.practicalB.commercialC.mathematicalD.social32.A.OtherwiseB.HoweverC.SomehowD.Meanwhile33.A.promiseB.celebrationC.comfortD.experience34.A.competitionB.serviceC.ceremonyD.suggestion35.A.compromiseB.impressionC.impactD.progresshehasprovidedanopportunityforkidsinhisneighborhoodtolearnhowtofixtheirownbikes.practicalskillsagreatexperienceprovideaserviceinpact,试题设置句内层次题：句间层次题：语篇层次题：启示：以语篇为中心，上下求索19，21，22，25，27，2816，17，20，23，24，30，3126，29，31，33，34，35Discussion,Step3、众里寻他千百度---再回首Formostpeople,havingthingsstolenfeelslikeanoffence.RobbiePruittadmittedthathegotmadwhenhediscoveredthetheftofhismountainbikelastSeptember.Butsoonenough,hisemotionstookaturn.Afterlettinggoofhisangerandfrustration,hefoundhimselfonaroadtosympathyinstead.ForPruitt,akeenbicyclist,thefirstthingtodowasreplacehisstolenbike.Butwhenhewentbikeshopping,hefoundfewavailable,whichgothimthinking:WhatifthelackofbikeswasCovid-19related,andwhatifthepersonwho'dtakenhisbikereallyneededtransportationtogettowork?,Withthatthoughtinmind,Pruittcameupwithaplanandposteditonthecommunitywebsite.Heofferedtofixbikesfreeofchargeforanyonewhoneededit.Healsoaskedforunwantedbikes,whichhewouldrepair—againforfree.Andthenhewoulddonatethemtofolkswhocouldtrulyusethembutdidn'thavethebudgettobuyone.Thedaythepostwentlive,Pruittreceivedthirtyusedbicycles.Thencamemorethan500enquiriesfordetailedinformation.Bytheendof2020,Pruitthadrepairedmorethan140fordonationortobereturnedtotheirowners.Pruitttriestogivehisdonationstofamiliesthataretrulystruggling.Beyondsimplysatisfyingamaterialneed,hehasprovidedanopportunityforkidsinhisneighborhoodtolearnhowtofixtheirownbikes.,Inadditiontopracticalskills,Pruitt'slessonsteachteamwork,encourageself-worth,andpromotefeelingsofcommunity.Meanwhilethekidshavegainedasenseofaccomplishment.“It'sareallygreatexperienceforkids,”saidaneighborinaninterviewwiththelocalnewspaper.“Pruittiscertainlyprovidingaservice，butit'snotjustthebikes.It'stherelationshipsinthecommunity.It'stheimpacthecanmakeonpeople”,Step3、众里寻他千百度---再回首主旨大意段落大意考查词汇RobbiePruittofferedtofixdamagedbikesforfreeandevendonatedrepairedbikestopeopleinneed.Part1（para1-2)mad,emotions,instead,replace,lack,transportationPart2(para3-6)cameupwith,offered,forfree,budget,used,enquiries,returned,truly,beyond,practicalPart3(para7)experience,service,impact,Step3、众里寻他千百度---再回首RobbiePruittofferedtofixdamagedbikesforfreeandevendonatedrepairedbikestopeopleinneed.Para1：thechangeofhisemotionsabouthisstolenbikePara2：thereasonforchanginghisemotions.Para3：hisdecisiontofixbicyclesfreeofcharge.Para4、5&6：howhehelpedpeopleinthecommunity.Para7：hisimpactsonothers.mad,emotions,insteadreplace,lack,transportationcameupwith,offered,forfree,budgetused,enquiries,returned,truly,beyond,practicalexperience,service,impact,Summary1、语篇context1）句内信息提示；2）上下句间信息提示；3）上下段落信息提示。what：语篇的主题和内容why：作者的意图、情感态度或价值取向how：语篇的文体特征、内容结构和语言特点3、词汇2、语境,真题演练第三章节,主旨：不要对孩子撒谎Para1：为阻止孩子外出，作者对孩子撒谎。Para2：对孩子们撒谎的感受。Para3：反思自己对孩子们撒谎的危害。Para4：提出面对类似情况的正确做法。,Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The41isobvious.Ifwe42itisadoor,they'llwanttogooutside43.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe44.Butourinsistingit's45awindowhaskeptthemfrom46millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey'll47anddiscoverthateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48.41.A.reliefB.targetC.reasonD.case42.A.admitB.believeC.meanD.realize43.A.graduallyB.constantlyC.temporarilyD.casually44.A.resultB.dangerC.methodD.truth45.A.merelyB.slightlyC.hardlyD.partly46.A.reviewingB.approvingC.receivingD.attempting47.A.winoutB.giveupC.wakeupD.standout48.A.dreamB.lieC.fantasyD.fact真题演练,Iwonderif49shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.Ihaveaverystrong51thattheliewe’retellingisdoing52damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave53metaphorical(比喻)meanings.I'mtellingthemtheycan'topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin54theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunityofsomesort,and55openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust56itandwonder,“Whatifitisn’tadoor?”Thatis,“Whatifitisn’ta57opportunity?”49.A.parentsB.twinsC.colleaguesD.teachers50.A.restrictionsB.explanationsC.differencesD.consequences51.A.demandB.fearC.desireD.doubt52.A.physicalB.biologicalC.spiritualD.behavioral53.A.traditionalB.importantC.doubleD.original54.A.lifeB.timeC.replyD.history55.A.bycomparisonwithB.inadditiontoC.regardlessofD.insteadof56.A.getholdofB.stareatC.knockonD.makeuseof57.A.realB.typicalC.similarD.limited,Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.Butthe58isthatIshouldn'tlietomykids.Ishouldjust59repeatedlyhavingtosay,“No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow.”Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywon’t60toopenthemandwalkthrough.58.A.safetyruleB.comfortzoneC.bottomlineD.topsecret59.A.delayB.regretC.enjoyD.accept60.A.hurryB.decideC.hesitateD.intend,文章主旨段落大意考查词汇Don'ttellliestothekidsPara1：myliesandreasonsreason,admit,constantly,truth,merely,attemptPara2：myfeelingsaboutthelies.wakeup,liePara3：thedamagetochildrendonebytheparents'lies.parents,consequences,fear,spiritual,important,life,insteadof,real,stareatPara4：myviewandproperwayofdealingwithsuchthings.bottomline,accept,hesitate,四、Reflection1、心态：完形伤我千百遍，我待完形如初恋2、做题步骤：Step1独上高楼，望尽天涯路--探主旨，明脉络Step2为伊消得人憔悴---上下求索Step3众里寻他千百度---再回首语篇语境词汇Theclozetesthashurtmeathousandtimes,butIstillregarditasmyfirstlove.,五、Assignments1、Summarizethethemeofthepassageandmainideasofeachparagraph;2、Analyzethelanguagefeaturesofthepassage.,Thankyouforlistening
