必修一Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernheroGrammar●从容说课Thisisthethirdperiodofthisunit.Inthisperiod，studentsareplannedtogoovertheattributiveclause，includingthedifferencesbetweentheRestrictiveAttributiveClauseandtheNon-restrictiveAttributiveClause，theuseoftherelativepronounsandrelativeadverbsandthedifferencesbetween“that”and“which”.Intheperiodofhighschool，theattributiveclauseisnotonlydifficultbutalsoimportant，soitisnecessarytograsptheusageoftheattributiveclause.Inordertomakesenseoftheusageoftheattributiveclause，itisimportantforthestudentstomakeasummaryofthembythemselves.Inthisperiod，thereshouldbesomeexercisesdesignedforstudentstoconsolidatetheusageoftheattributiveclause.●三维目标1.Knowledge：（1）RevisetheAttributiveClause，includingtheRestrictiveAttributiveClauseandtheNon-restrictiveAttributiveClause.（2）Revisetheuseofrelativepronounsandrelativeadverbs.2.Ability：ExpandtheknowledgeoftheAttributiveClause.3.Emotion：Developthestudents’qualityofovercomingdifficultiesinstudy.●教学重点Theusageoftherelativepronounsandrelativeadverbs.●教学难点Helpthestudentstomasterthewayofchoosingarelativepronounorarelativeadverbcorrectly.●教具准备Themultimediaandtheblackboard.●教学过程9\nStep1GreetingsGreetthewholeclassasusual.Step2RevisionandLead-in（Teacherchecksthehomeworkexercisesfirstandthenshowsthefollowingonthescreen.）1.Heisafamousscientist.2.Who’sthatgirlinred？3.I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulentme.4.Ihavelostmypen，whichIlikeverymuch.T：Nowpayspecialattentiontotheunderlinedparts.Isthereanythingincommonbetweenthem？Ss：Yes.Theyallidentifythenouns，whichareusedwiththem.Eachparttellsuswhichthingorpersonthespeakeristalkingabout.T：Thatistosay，thefunctionofeachunderlinedpartisthesame.Eachofthemisusedasanattributetodescribeeachnoun.Well，arethereanydifferencesbetweenthem？S1：Yes.Inthefirstsentence，theattributeisanadjectiveandputbeforethenoun；thesecondisaprepositionalphraseputafterthenoun；thethirdandfourthsentencesarefullsentencesputafterthenouns.T：Youareright，whatdowecallthesentencesputafterthenoun？Ss：TheAttributiveClause.T：Quiteright.Inacomplexsentence，theclausemodifyinganounorapronouninthemainclauseiscalledanAttributiveClause.ThenounorpronouniscalledAntecedent.Thewordthat/whichintroducestheclause（betweenthenoun/pronounandtheclause）iscalledRelativePronounorRelativeAdverb.Therelativepronounsoradverbsdotwojobsatonce.Theycanbeusedassubjects，objects，attributesoradverbials；intheclause，atthesametime，theyjoinclausestogether.Abouttheuseofthem，we’llhaveparticularrevisionafterawhile.Nowlookatthesentencesonthescreen.（Teachershowsthefollowingonthescreen.）Completethesentenceswithsuitablerelatives.1.Iknowthereason_______________hecamelate.2.Doyouknowthewoman，____________sonwenttocollegelastyear？3.Thehouse_______________colorisredisJohn’s.4.Thisisthebestfilm_______________I’veeverseen.5.Thatisthetown_______________heworkedin1987.T：Who’dliketotellmewhatshouldbefilledinthefirstsentence？S2：Ithink“why”shouldbefilled.Becausetheantecedentis“thereason”andtherelativeisusedastheadverbialofreasonintheAttributiveClause.T：Yes.Howaboutthesecondsentence？9\n（Teachergoestoanotherstudentandasksher/himtoanswer.）S3：Ifill“whose”here.Becausetheantecedentis“thewoman”andtherelativeisusedastheattributeintheAttributiveClause.T：Right.Sitdown，please.Nowlet’slookatthethirdsentence.Suggestedanswers：1.why2.whose3.whose4.that5.whereStep3SummarizetheuseoftheNon-restrictiveAttributiveClauseT：TheNon-restrictiveAttributiveClauseisaclause，whichgivesextrainformationtotheantecedent.Soweuseacommatointerruptthesentence.WhentheNon-restrictiveAttributiveClauseiscutoff，thesentencestillhasafullmeaning.Nowlookatthesentencesonthescreen.（Showthefollowingonthescreen.）1.Ihavetwobrothers，whoarebothsoldiers.2.Nextweek，whichyou’llspendinyourhometown，iscoming.3.I’vetriedtwopairsofshoes，neitherofwhichfitsmewell.T：Payattentiontotheunderlinedparts.Therearecommastointerruptthesentencesand“that”cannotbeusedintheNon-restrictiveAttributiveClause.Youshouldpaymoreattentiontothestructure“IndefinitePronoun/Numbers/Noun/Superlative+ofwhich/whom”isoftenusedintheNon-restrictiveAttributiveClause.Step4TheusageoftheRelativePronounsandtheRelativeAdverbsT：Asweknow，relativepronounsoradverbsplayimportantpartsintheAttributiveClause.Nowlet’smakealistofthemontheblackboardfirstandthenrevisetheirusagewiththehelpoftheformsonthescreen.（Bb：therelativepronouns：who，whom，that，whose，which；therelativeadverbs：when，where，why）（Teachercollectsthemfirstandthenshowsthefollowing.）Form1：TherelativepronounsReferringtoFunctionintheclausewhopeoplesubject/objectwhompeopleobjectthatpeople/thingsubject/objectwhichthingsubject/objectwhosepeople/thing（ofwhom/which）attributeForm2：TherelativeadverbReferringtoFunctionintheclausewhen（=at/in/onwhich）timeadverbialoftime9\nwhere（=in/atwhich）placeadverbialofplacewhy（=forwhich）reasonadverbialofreason（Teacherexplainsthetwoformsseparatelyandaddsthefollowingwithexamplesonthescreen.）T：1.Whenarelativepronounisusedasasubjectintheclause，theverbmustagreewiththeantecedentinpersonandnumber.1.Thosewhowanttogotothecinemamustbeattheschoolgateby3：30p.m.2.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.2.Whentheantecedentisthestructureof“oneof+n.（pl.）”，theverbintheclausemustbepluraltoagreewiththepluralform.However，ifthereis“the”or“only”before“one”，theverbintheclausemustbesingular，agreeswiththeword“one”.1.SheistheonlyoneofthegirlswhohasbeentoBeijing.2.Heisoneoftheboyswhohaveseenthefilm.3.Whentheantecedentisanounfortimeorplace“when”or搘here?isnotalwaysusedtointroducetheclauseItdependsonthefunctionoftherelativewordintheclause.1.Thetimewhen/thatIwenttoTokyoisin1982.2.I’llneverforgetthetimewhich/thatIspendatcollege.3.TheshopthatIboughtisbig.4.Theshopwhere/inwhichIboughtthebookisbig.Step5Thedifferencebetweenthat?andwhich??T：Asweknow，both“that”and“which”canbeusedforthings，buttheuseofthemisnotalwaysthesame.Let’slookatthesentencesonthescreen.（Showthefollowingonthescreen.）1ThisisthesecondarticlethatIhavewritteninEnglish.2.Itisthebestfilmthathehaseverseen.3.ThisistheverybookthatIwanttoread.4.Allthattheytoldmesurprisedme.5.Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthattheyhadvisited.6.Whoisthecomradethatwasthere？7.Thereisabedintheroomthatisstillvacant.8.Ourvillageisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.T：Fromthesentencesonthescreen，wecanmakeasummaryoftheuseof“that”and“which”.Lookatthescreenagain.（Showthefollowingonthescreen.）1.Infollowingcases，“that”isoftenused.（1）Afterordinalnumberandsuperlatives.（2）Afterthefollowing9\nwords：all，only，little，few，much，very，none，last，just，any（thing），every（thing），some（thing），no（thing）.（3）Aftertwoormoreantecedents，referringtobothpeopleandthings.（4）Afterinterrogativepronouns“which”or“who”.（5）Whentherelativepronounisusedasapredictiveintheclause.（6）Whenthemainclausebeginswith“Therebe”.2.Infollowingcases，“which”isalwaysused.（1）Afterprepositions.（2）TointroduceaNon-restrictiveAttributiveClause.（3）Thewholemainsentenceisthe“antecedent”oftherelativeclause，andthereisalwaysacomma.Step6PracticeT：Nowlet’sdosomeexercises.Lookatthescreen.Fillintheblanks，choosingproperrelativepronounsorrelativeadverbs.（Showthefollowingonthescreen.）1.____________haveplentyofmoneywillhelptheirfriends.A.ThosewhoB.HewhoC.ThatwhoD.Youwho2.Thisisthelongesttrain____________Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whom3.____________weallknow，swimmingisaverygoodsport.A.WhichB.ThatC.AsD.Who4.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears____________Ilivedinthefarm____________youvisitedlastweek.A.when；whereB.which；whichC.when；whichD.which；where5.Theradioset____________lastweekhasgonewrong.A.IboughtitB.whichIboughtitC.IboughtD.whatIbought6.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows，mostof____________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.theseB.themC.thatD.which7.Thedaywillcome____________thepeopleallovertheworldwillwinliberation.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when8.MrHerpinisoneoftheforeignexpertswho____________inChina.A.worksB.isworkingC.areworkingD.hasbeenworking9.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons____________theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom10.Myglasses，____________Iwaslikeablindman，felltothegroundandbroke.9\nA.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.thatSuggestedanswers：1~5ABCCC6~10DACBCStep7TestT：Nowlet’shaveatest.Lookatthescreen.Dothisexercisebyyourself.AfewminuteslaterI’llgiveyoutheanswers.（Showthefollowingonthescreen.）1.Pleaseputtheletter____________hecaneasilyfindit.A.inwhichB.whereC.theplacewhereD.intheplace2.Thehouse____________thereisabigtreewasbuiltmorethan1000yearsago.A.whichB.thatC.inthefrontofwhichD.infrontofwhich3.Antarctic，____________weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.aboutwhich4.Thereason____________Iwasawayfromschoolis____________Iwasillyesterday.A.that；thatB.why；whyC.why；thatD.that；why5.Itwasameeting____________importanceIdidn’trealizeatthattime.A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whoseSuggestedanswers：1~5BDDCDStep8Homework1.ReviewtheAttributiveClause.2.DoWBP71.Ex1.2.●板书设计Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernheroTheThirdPeriodTheAttributiveClause1.ThedifferencesbetweentheRestrictiveAttributiveClauseandtheNon-restrictiveAttributiveClause.2.Theuseoftherelativewords：（1）Relativepronouns：who，whom，whose，that，which（2）Relativeadverbs：where，when，why3.Thedifferencesbetween“that”and“which”.9\n●活动与探究Thisactivityisdesignedtomakeadeepresearchintotheattributiveclause.Thestudentsareaskedtodesignsomeexercisesabouttheattributiveclause.Andthentheycanexchangeexerciseseachotherandcheckthemselves.Thepurposeofthisactivityistohelpthestudentsmakesenseoftheusageoftheattributiveclause.●备课资料Ⅰ.SomeexercisesabouttheAttributiveClause1.Afootballfan（球迷）is____________hasastronginterestinfootball.A.athingthatB.somethingthatC.apersonwhoD.what2.Thehouse，____________wasdestroyedintheterriblefire，hasbeenrepaired.A.theroofofwhichB.whichroofC.itsroofD.theroof3.Canyoulendmethenovel____________theotherday？A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutitC.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout4.Thematter____________youwerearguingaboutlastnighthasbeensettled.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.forwhich5.Who____________hascommonsense（常识）willdosuchathing？A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that6.Alltheapples____________felldownwereeatenbythepigs.A.thatB.thoseC.whichD.what7.Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything____________hesawatthefront.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where8.I’lltellyou____________hetoldmelastnight.A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.all9.Achild____________parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whoB.who’sC.whoseD.which10.Isthisthemuseum____________youvisitedtheotherday？A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone11.Isthismuseum____________someGermanfriendsvisitedlastWednesday？A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone12.—Howdoyoulikethebook？—It’squitedifferentfrom____________Ireadlastmonth.A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat13.Thetrain____________shewastravelingwaslate.9\nA.whichB.whereC.onwhichD.inthat14.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer____________thepapersarekept.A.whereB.onwhichC.underwhichD.which15.It’sthethirdtime____________latethismonth.A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrived16.Heoftenhelpsthestudents____________hethinksarenotquickattheirstudies.A.whomB.whoC.whenD.because17.TheSecondWorldWar____________millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.whenB.duringthatC.inwhichD.which18.MrCrossettwillneverforgettheday____________hespentwithhisvariousstudents.A.whenB.whichC.duringwhichD.onwhich19.Thisisjusttheplace____________Iamlongingtovisittheseyears.A.thatBwhereC.inwhichD.towhere20.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou，____________livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whereSuggestedanswers：1~5CADAD6~10ABDCA11~15DCCAC16~20BCBADⅡ.Theattributiveclause定语从句1.“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构（1）“介词＋关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词”结构中的介词可以是in，on，about，from，for，with，to，at，of，without等，关系代词只可用whom或which，不可用that。（2）fromwhere为“介词＋关系副词”结构，但也可以引导定语从句。Westoodatthetopofthehill，fromwherewecanseethetown.（3）像listento，lookat，dependon，payattentionto，takecareof等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.2.关系副词引导的定语从句9\n（1）关系副词也可以引导定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间、地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。（2）that可引导定语从句表示时间、地点或原因，that有时可以代替关系副词when，where或者why引导定语从句表示时间、地点或原因，在that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。3.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句（1）二者差异比较限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词之间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词、关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。（2）关系代词和关系副词的选择依据弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分，作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语、宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。（3）先行词与定语从句隔离。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。Hewastheonlypersoninthiscountrywhowasinvited.4.as在定语从句中的用法（1）引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（1）as多与such或thesame连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。（2）as也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。Theelephant’snoseislikeasnake，asanybodycansee.（3）thesame...that与thesame...as在意思上是不同的。2.as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置。as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面、中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。Asisexpected，theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.Theearthrunsaroundthesun，asisknownbyeveryone.9
